481 lines
59 KiB
XML
481 lines
59 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="0F11F0AE2DD3E982D5F1404913148E37">The cephalopods of the Boda Limestone, Late Ordovician, of Dalarna, Sweden</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="45BDCB8916F1ADD0813E8FEBBDEC5A7B">2013</mods:date>
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<treatment id="AD4D9054CD2C6A2DF0364522FC0BFCC0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3815170" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163977271" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3815170" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AD4D9054CD2C6A2DF0364522FC0BFCC0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD4D9054CD2C6A2DF0364522FC0BFCC0" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<subSubSection id="6DFE72C9CD2C6A2EF0364522FC7BFD9F" box="[598,990,520,546]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD2C6A2EF0364522FC7BFD9F" blockId="72.[598,990,520,581]" box="[598,990,520,546]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2C6A2EF0364522FC7BFD9F" authority="Strand, 1934" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1934" box="[598,990,520,546]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri">
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<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF0364522FCE5FD9F" bold="true" box="[598,832,520,546]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Discoceras roemeri</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2C6A2EF1274522FC7BFD9F" author="Strand T." box="[839,990,520,546]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 117" refId="ref49308" refString="Strand T. 1934. The Upper Ordovician Cephalopods of the Oslo Area. Norsk Geologiske Tidsskrift 14: 1 - 117." type="journal article" year="1934">Strand, 1934</bibRefCitation>
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<subSubSection id="6DFE72C9CD2C6A2EF0D84501FCD9FDF8" box="[696,892,555,581]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="description">
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD2C6A2EF0D84501FCD9FDF8" blockId="72.[598,990,520,581]" box="[696,892,555,581]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<figureCitation id="BDDF3DC7CD2C6A2EF0D84501FC82FDF8" box="[696,807,555,581]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="72.[189,232,1929,1955]" captionTargetBox="[219,1373,1236,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[219,1373,1236,1907]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="Fig. 31. Discoceratids of the Boda Limestone of Kallholn. A. Discoceras roemeri Strand, 1934, PMU 26903. B. Discoceras antiquissimum (Eichwald, 1842), NRM-PZ Mo 8745. Scale bar = 10 mm for both figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814289" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814289/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Figs 31A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="BDDF3DC7CD2C6A2EF1534501FCF6FDF8" box="[819,851,555,581]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="73.[189,232,1909,1935]" captionTargetBox="[369,1250,695,1851]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Fig. 32. Median cross sections of Discoceras roemeri Strand, 1934, Boda Limestone, Kallholn. A. PMU 26903. B. PMU 26904. Scale bar = 10 mm for both figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814291" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814291/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">32</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="BDDF3DC7CD2C6A2EF13F4501FCD9FDF8" box="[863,892,555,581]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="74.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[202,1372,1414,1776]" captionTargetId="graphics@74.[656,970,1420,1715]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="Fig. 33. Morphological variation in Discoceras roemeri Strand, 1934. Black dots = specimens of the Boda Limestone. Black dot with grey margin = Rectanguloceras balaschovi Stumbur, 1962. Grey dots = Lituites antiquissimus of Roemer (1861: pl. 6, figs 2a-e). Grey dot with black margin = Discoceras roemeri of Dzik (1984: pl. 6, figs 5,6). White dot with black circle = Discoceras roemeri of Strand (1934: pl. 5, fig. 1). WER = whorl expansion rate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814293/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">33</figureCitation>
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<subSubSection id="6DFE72C9CD2C6A2EF2DD4547FB04FC5C" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD2C6A2EF2DD4547FBE9FD3B" blockId="72.[189,1100,620,682]" box="[189,1100,620,647]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<treatmentCitation id="A4450753CD2C6A2EF2DD4547FDD4FD3B" author="Strand T." box="[189,625,620,646]" page="38" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1934">
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<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2C6A2EF2DD4547FDD4FD3B" authority="Strand, 1934: 38" authorityName="Strand" authorityPageNumber="38" authorityYear="1934" box="[189,625,620,646]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri">
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<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF2DD4547FE01FD3B" box="[189,420,621,646]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Discoceras roemeri</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2C6A2EF3CB4546FDD4FD3B" author="Strand T." box="[427,625,620,646]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 117" refId="ref49308" refString="Strand T. 1934. The Upper Ordovician Cephalopods of the Oslo Area. Norsk Geologiske Tidsskrift 14: 1 - 117." type="journal article" year="1934">Strand, 1934: 38</bibRefCitation>
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, 42-43, pl. 2, figs 6a-b, 7, pl. 5, figs 1, 2.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD2C6A2EF2DD45A5FC0BFD14" blockId="72.[189,1100,620,682]" box="[189,942,655,682]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<treatmentCitation id="A4450753CD2C6A2EF2DD45A5FD5FFD17" author="Stumbur H." box="[189,762,655,682]" page="181" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1956">
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<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2C6A2EF2DD45A5FD5FFD17" authority="Stumbur, 1956: 181" authorityName="Stumbur" authorityPageNumber="181" authorityYear="1956" box="[189,762,655,682]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Schroederoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="balaschovi">
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<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF2DD45A5FDADFD14" box="[189,520,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Schroederoceras balaschovi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2C6A2EF06F45A5FD5FFD17" author="Stumbur H." box="[527,762,655,682]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="176 - 185" refId="ref49355" refString="Stumbur H. 1956. O nautiloidea Kohilaskogo jarusa (Verhnij Ordovik Pribaltiki). Tartu Riikliku Ulikooli Toimetised 42: 176 - 185." type="journal article" year="1956">Stumbur, 1956: 181</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 1, figs 5, 6.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD2C6A2EF2DD45F8FEB6FCB3" blockId="72.[189,1398,721,994]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2C6A2EF2DD45F8FE1AFD56" authorityName="Roemer" authorityYear="1861" box="[189,447,722,747]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Lituitidae" genus="Lituites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antiquissimus">
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<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF2DD45F8FE1AFD56" box="[189,447,722,747]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Lituites antiquissimus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="A4450753CD2C6A2EF38145FBFD11FD56" author="Roemer C. F." box="[481,692,721,747]" page="62" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1861">
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<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2C6A2EF38145FBFD11FD56" author="Roemer C. F." box="[481,692,721,747]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref49074" refString="Roemer C. F. 1861. Die fossile Fauna der silurischen Diluvial-Geschiebe von Sadewitz bei Oels in Nieder-Schlsien. Breslau." type="book" year="1861">Roemer 1861: 62</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 6, fig. 2a-e (non
|
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<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2C6A2EF1D445F8FEAAFCB3" authority="(Eichwald, 1840))" baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antiquissimum">
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<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF1D445F8FB48FD56" box="[948,1261,722,747]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Discoceras antiquissimum</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2C6A2EF69F45FBFF5EFCB3" author="Eichwald E. von" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 327" refId="ref47163" refString="Eichwald E. von. 1840. Uber das silurische Schichtensystem in Esthland. Zeitschrift fur Naturwissenschaften und Heilkunde der Akademie St. Petersburg 8: 1 - 327." type="journal article" year="1840">Eichwald, 1840</bibRefCitation>
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))
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD2C6A2EF2DD4432FCF1FC8C" blockId="72.[189,1398,721,994]" box="[189,852,791,818]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2C6A2EF2DD4432FE60FC8C" authorityName="Saemann" authorityYear="1852" box="[189,453,791,817]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angulatum">
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<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF2DD4432FE60FC8C" box="[189,453,791,817]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Discoceras angulatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="A4450753CD2C6A2EF383443DFDDBFC8F" box="[483,638,791,818]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2C6A2EF383443DFDDBFC8F" author="Mutvei H." box="[483,638,791,818]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="219 - 254" refId="ref48569" refString="Mutvei H. 1957. On the relations of the principal muscles to the shell in Nautilus and some fossil nautiloids. Arkiv for Mineralogi och Geologi 2: 219 - 254." type="journal article" year="1957">Mutvei 1957</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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: text-fig. 12, pl. 8.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD2C6A2EF2DD4411FE9AFCC5" blockId="72.[189,1398,721,994]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="05F4066CCD2C6A2EF2DD4411FE9AFCC5" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2C6A2EF2DD4411FE00FCE9" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1934" box="[189,421,827,852]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF2DD4411FE00FCE9" box="[189,421,827,852]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Discoceras roemeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A4450753CD2C6A2EF3A44411FDDAFCE8" author="Sweet W. C." box="[452,639,826,853]" page="99" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1958">
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<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2C6A2EF3A44411FDDAFCE8" author="Sweet W. C." box="[452,639,826,853]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 178" refId="ref49551" refString="Sweet W. C. 1958. The Middle Ordovician of the Oslo region of Norway. 10. Nautiloid cephalopods. Norsk Geologiske Tidsskrift 31: 1 - 178." type="journal article" year="1958">Sweet 1958: 99</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 102, text-fig.
|
||
<specimenCount id="33E2EACBCD2C6A2EF14B4411FCFBFCE8" box="[811,862,827,853]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="generic">13p.</specimenCount>
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―
|
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<treatmentCitation id="A4450753CD2C6A2EF1EC4410FB9DFCE8" author="Dzik J." box="[908,1080,826,853]" page="41" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1984">
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<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2C6A2EF1EC4410FB9DFCE8" author="Dzik J." box="[908,1080,826,853]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref47068" refString="Dzik J. 1984. Phylogeny of the Nautiloidea. Palaeontologia Polonica, Vol. 45, 203 pp." type="book" year="1984">Dzik 1984: 41</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 44, text-figs 10, 12.43, pl. 6, figs 5, 6.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD2C6A2EF2DD44ABFC26FC26" blockId="72.[189,1398,721,994]" box="[189,899,897,923]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="05F4066CCD2C6A2EF2DD44ABFC26FC26" box="[189,899,897,923]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2C6A2EF2DD44ABFE40FC26" box="[189,485,897,923]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Schroederoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri">
|
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<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF2DD44ABFE40FC26" box="[189,485,897,923]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Schroederoceras roemeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A4450753CD2C6A2EF06244ABFD4DFC26" author="Stumbur H." box="[514,744,897,923]" page="136" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1962">
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<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2C6A2EF06244ABFD4DFC26" author="Stumbur H." box="[514,744,897,923]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="131 - 147" refId="ref49380" refString="Stumbur H. 1962. Rasprostranenie nautiloidei v ordovike Estonii (s opisaniem nekotorykh novykh rodov). ENSV Teaduste Akadeemia Geoloogia Instituudi Uurimused 10: 131 - 147." type="journal article" year="1962">Stumbur 1962: 136</bibRefCitation>
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, text-fig. 2.4.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD2C6A2EF2DD448EFC02FC03" blockId="72.[189,1398,721,994]" box="[189,935,932,959]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="05F4066CCD2C6A2EF2DD448EFC02FC03" box="[189,935,932,959]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2C6A2EF2DD448EFDADFC03" authorityName="Stumbur" authorityYear="1962" box="[189,520,932,958]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Tarphyceratidae" genus="Rectanguloceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphyceratida" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="balaschovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF2DD448EFDADFC03" box="[189,520,932,958]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Rectanguloceras balaschovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A4450753CD2C6A2EF046448EFCAEFC03" author="Stumbur H." box="[550,779,932,958]" page="142" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1962">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2C6A2EF046448EFCAEFC03" author="Stumbur H." box="[550,779,932,958]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="131 - 147" refId="ref49380" refString="Stumbur H. 1962. Rasprostranenie nautiloidei v ordovike Estonii (s opisaniem nekotorykh novykh rodov). ENSV Teaduste Akadeemia Geoloogia Instituudi Uurimused 10: 131 - 147." type="journal article" year="1962">Stumbur 1962: 142</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, text-fig. 2.9.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2C6A2EF2DD44EDFB04FC5C" blockId="72.[189,1398,721,994]" box="[189,1185,967,994]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2C6A2EF2DD44EDFD0FFC5C" box="[189,682,967,994]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Tarphyceratidae" genus="Rectanguloceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphyceratida" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri" subGenus="Discoceras">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF2DD44EDFE27FC5C" box="[189,386,967,993]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Rectanguloceras</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF3F344E2FDB2FC5C" box="[403,535,968,993]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Discoceras</emphasis>
|
||
) cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF02E44E2FD0FFC5C" box="[590,682,968,993]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">roemeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A4450753CD2C6A2EF0A744EDFC7AFC5C" box="[711,991,967,994]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2C6A2EF0A744EDFC7AFC5C" author="Neben W. & Krueger H. H." box="[711,991,967,994]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="195 - 198" refId="ref48758" refString="Neben W. & Krueger H. H. 1973. Fossilien ordovizischer und silurischer Geschiebe. Staringia 2: 51 - 109. Niko S. 2008. Isorthoceras wahlenberg i, a new Late Ordovician cephalopod from the Boda Limestone of Dalarna, Sweden. Paleontological Research 12: 195 - 198. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2517 / 1342 - 8144 (2008) 12 [195: IWANLO] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="1973">Neben & Krueger 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
: pl. 65, figs 1, 2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6DFE72C9CD2C6A2FF2DD4323FDB6FEF4" lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2C6A2EF2DD4323FE93FB9E" blockId="72.[189,310,1033,1059]" box="[189,310,1033,1059]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<heading id="7E13962ECD2C6A2EF2DD4323FE93FB9E" bold="true" box="[189,310,1033,1059]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF2DD4323FE93FB9E" bold="true" box="[189,310,1033,1059]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2C6A2EF2DD4312FAD2FB25" blockId="72.[189,1399,1079,1176]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2C6A2EF2DD4312FEE4FBEC" authorityName="Barrande" authorityYear="1867" box="[189,321,1080,1105]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF2DD4312FEE4FBEC" box="[189,321,1080,1105]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Discoceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with large adult sizes of up to
|
||
<quantity id="E21C8CA7CD2C6A2EF0CE431DFCB6FBEF" box="[686,787,1079,1106]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 mm</quantity>
|
||
, WER of 1.9–2.5, decreasing with increasing conch size; whorl cross section slightly depressed with WWI 1.1–1.3, rounded subquadratic with venter not wider than dorsum; body chamber nearly 180° long, free in mature growth stages and becoming
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="719B71CACD2C6A2EF2DD40A3FEB0F857" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814289" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3814289" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814289/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" startId="72.[189,232,1929,1955]" targetBox="[219,1373,1236,1884]" targetPageId="72">
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2C6A2EF2DD40A3FEB0F857" blockId="72.[189,1399,1929,2026]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF2DD40A3FEBEF81E" bold="true" box="[189,283,1929,1955]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Fig. 31.</emphasis>
|
||
Discoceratids of the Boda Limestone of Kallholn.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF11A40A3FC2AF81E" bold="true" box="[890,911,1929,1955]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2C6A2EF1FF40A0FA8CF819" authority="Strand, 1934" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1934" box="[927,1321,1929,1956]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF1FF40A0FB2DF81E" box="[927,1160,1930,1955]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Discoceras roemeri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2C6A2EF6F040A3FA8CF819" author="Strand T." box="[1168,1321,1929,1956]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 117" refId="ref49308" refString="Strand T. 1934. The Upper Ordovician Cephalopods of the Oslo Area. Norsk Geologiske Tidsskrift 14: 1 - 117." type="journal article" year="1934">Strand, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, PMU 26903.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF3744087FE8DF87A" bold="true" box="[276,296,1965,1991]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2C6A2EF3564087FCE5F87A" authority="(Eichwald, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[310,832,1964,1991]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antiquissimum">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2C6A2EF3564087FDCEF87B" box="[310,619,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Discoceras antiquissimum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2C6A2EF01A4086FC92F87A" author="Eichwald E. de" box="[634,823,1964,1991]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref47193" refString="Eichwald E. de. 1842. Die Urwelt Russlands durch Abbildungen erlaeutert. 2. Heft. Neuer Beitrag zur Geognosie Esthlands und Finlands. Akademie der Wissenschaften, St. Petersburg." type="book" year="1842">Eichwald, 1842</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NRM-PZ Mo 8745. Scale bar = 10 mm for both figures.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2D6A2FF2DD4621FDB6FEF4" blockId="73.[189,1399,267,329]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
markedly higher during matures stages; ornamented with irregularly spaced costae and shallow ribs. (Adopted from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2D6A2FF3134604FDA3FEF4" author="Strand T." box="[371,518,302,329]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 117" refId="ref49308" refString="Strand T. 1934. The Upper Ordovician Cephalopods of the Oslo Area. Norsk Geologiske Tidsskrift 14: 1 - 117." type="journal article" year="1934">Strand 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6DFE72C9CD2D6A2FF2DD465AFB54FE05" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2D6A2FF2DD465AFE5EFE37" blockId="73.[189,507,368,394]" box="[189,507,368,394]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<heading id="7E13962ECD2D6A2FF2DD465AFE5EFE37" bold="true" box="[189,507,368,394]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2D6A2FF2DD465AFE5EFE37" bold="true" box="[189,507,368,394]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<typeStatus id="FA5F9FE0CD2D6A2FF2DD465AFF5FFE37" box="[189,250,368,394]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality and horizon
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2D6A2FF2DD46B5FB54FE05" blockId="73.[189,1265,414,441]" box="[189,1265,414,441]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
Frognøya, Tyrifjorden,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5DF361D2CD2D6A2FF3AF46B5FD8AFE04" box="[463,559,415,441]" name="Norway" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Sørbakken Formation (Stage 4css), late Katian, Ordovician.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6DFE72C9CD2D6A2FF2DD46CAFE21FDD2" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2D6A2FF2DD46CAFE8FFE47" blockId="73.[189,298,480,506]" box="[189,298,480,506]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<heading id="7E13962ECD2D6A2FF2DD46CAFE8FFE47" bold="true" box="[189,298,480,506]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2D6A2FF2DD46CAFE8FFE47" bold="true" box="[189,298,480,506]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Material</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2D6A2FF2DD4525FE21FDD2" blockId="73.[189,1398,526,623]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
Four specimens (
|
||
<collectionCode id="43F5B987CD2D6A2FF3EE4525FE75FD94" box="[398,464,527,553]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/32ji-dbbk" name="Paleontological Museum of Uppsala" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">PMU</collectionCode>
|
||
26903–26906), Kallholn; one specimen (
|
||
<collectionCode id="43F5B987CD2D6A2FF1AE4525FBB5FD94" box="[974,1040,527,553]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/32ji-dbbk" name="Paleontological Museum of Uppsala" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">PMU</collectionCode>
|
||
26907), Skålberget,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E720EFA0CD2D6A2FF7724524FAD7FD95" box="[1298,1394,526,552]" country="Sweden" name="Dalarna" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Dalarna</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Boda Limestone; one specimen (
|
||
<collectionCode id="43F5B987CD2D6A2FF05F4518FD24FDF1" box="[575,641,562,588]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/32ji-dbbk" name="Paleontological Museum of Uppsala" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">PMU</collectionCode>
|
||
26908), Amtjärn,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E720EFA0CD2D6A2FF13A4518FC1FFDF1" box="[858,954,562,588]" country="Sweden" name="Dalarna" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Dalarna</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Johnstorp Formation; all late Katian, Late Ordovician.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="719B71CACD2D6A2FF2DD405FFCDDF80E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814291" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3814291" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814291/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" startId="73.[189,232,1909,1935]" targetBox="[369,1250,695,1851]" targetPageId="73">
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2D6A2FF2DD405FFCDDF80E" blockId="73.[189,1399,1909,1971]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2D6A2FF2DD405FFEB2F832" bold="true" box="[189,279,1909,1935]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 32.</emphasis>
|
||
Median cross sections of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2D6A2FF024405CFC62F82D" authority="Strand, 1934" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1934" box="[580,967,1909,1936]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2D6A2FF024405CFC8FF832" box="[580,810,1910,1935]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Discoceras roemeri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2D6A2FF150405FFC62F82D" author="Strand T." box="[816,967,1909,1936]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 117" refId="ref49308" refString="Strand T. 1934. The Upper Ordovician Cephalopods of the Oslo Area. Norsk Geologiske Tidsskrift 14: 1 - 117." type="journal article" year="1934">Strand, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Boda Limestone, Kallholn.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2D6A2FF774405FFA8CF832" bold="true" box="[1300,1321,1909,1935]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">A</emphasis>
|
||
. PMU 26903.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2D6A2FF37540B3FE8CF80E" bold="true" box="[277,297,1945,1971]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">B</emphasis>
|
||
. PMU 26904. Scale bar = 10 mm for both figures.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6DFE72C9CD2E6A2CF2DD4621FCFDFCA4" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2E6A2CF2DD4621FEEBFE98" blockId="74.[189,334,267,293]" box="[189,334,267,293]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<heading id="7E13962ECD2E6A2CF2DD4621FEEBFE98" bold="true" box="[189,334,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF2DD4621FEEBFE98" bold="true" box="[189,334,267,293]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2E6A2CF2DD4613FEA4FD2D" blockId="74.[189,1399,313,656]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
This species was described in detail by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2E6A2CF0D84613FCC1FEE9" author="Strand T." box="[696,868,313,340]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 117" refId="ref49308" refString="Strand T. 1934. The Upper Ordovician Cephalopods of the Oslo Area. Norsk Geologiske Tidsskrift 14: 1 - 117." type="journal article" year="1934">Strand (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The specimens from the Boda Limestone provide additional data regarding the ornamentation and the variability of the general conch shape. In specimen PMU 26903 the conch surface is well preserved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDDF3DC7CD2E6A2CF1E246AAFC55FE27" box="[898,1008,384,410]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="72.[189,232,1929,1955]" captionTargetBox="[219,1373,1236,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[219,1373,1236,1907]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="Fig. 31. Discoceratids of the Boda Limestone of Kallholn. A. Discoceras roemeri Strand, 1934, PMU 26903. B. Discoceras antiquissimum (Eichwald, 1842), NRM-PZ Mo 8745. Scale bar = 10 mm for both figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814289" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814289/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Fig. 31A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The maximum diameter of this specimen is
|
||
<quantity id="E21C8CA7CD2E6A2CF3334689FE0CFE03" box="[339,425,419,446]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="72.0">72 mm</quantity>
|
||
with a maximum whorl height of
|
||
<quantity id="E21C8CA7CD2E6A2CF12D4689FC07FE03" box="[845,930,419,446]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="24.0">24 mm</quantity>
|
||
and width of
|
||
<quantity id="E21C8CA7CD2E6A2CF62F4689FB00FE03" box="[1103,1189,419,446]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="29.0">29 mm</quantity>
|
||
(WWI 1.21); the WER of the specimen is 2.16. The whorl cross section is subquadratic with a ca.
|
||
<quantity id="E21C8CA7CD2E6A2CF61B46ECFB6BFE5C" box="[1147,1230,454,481]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, slightly rounded flattened venter, rounded umbilical shoulders and a shallow impression zone. The specimen is ornamented with ca. 17 shallow, slightly irregularly marginally spaced ribs on the outer whorl. The ribs occur only on the umbilical shoulders, not on the venter, which is almost flat. Narrowly spaced, pronounced growth lines or costae run parallel to the ribs and form a pronounced u-shaped hyponomic sinus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2E6A2CF2DD4592FCFDFCA4" blockId="74.[189,1399,696,793]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
The whorl expansion rate varies comparatively strongly amongst the five specimens from the Boda Limestone, with a maximum of
|
||
<quantity id="E21C8CA7CD2E6A2CF05A45F1FD28FD48" box="[570,653,731,758]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5024" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="in" value="2.56">2.56 in</quantity>
|
||
specimen PMU 26904 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDDF3DC7CD2E6A2CF1CE45F1FBBFFD48" box="[942,1050,731,757]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="73.[189,232,1909,1935]" captionTargetBox="[369,1250,695,1851]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Fig. 32. Median cross sections of Discoceras roemeri Strand, 1934, Boda Limestone, Kallholn. A. PMU 26903. B. PMU 26904. Scale bar = 10 mm for both figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814291" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814291/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Fig. 32B</figureCitation>
|
||
), a specimen which agrees in all features with other specimens assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2E6A2CF0B145D5FCF4FCA5" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1934" box="[721,849,767,793]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF0B145D5FD43FCA5" box="[721,742,767,792]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF09545D5FCF4FCA5" box="[757,849,767,792]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">roemeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6DFE72C9CD2E6A2DF2DD446AFC7DFD3D" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2E6A2CF2DD446AFE8AFCE7" blockId="74.[189,303,832,858]" box="[189,303,832,858]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<heading id="7E13962ECD2E6A2CF2DD446AFE8AFCE7" bold="true" box="[189,303,832,858]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF2DD446AFE8AFCE7" bold="true" box="[189,303,832,858]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2E6A2CF2DD4444FE3EFBE1" blockId="74.[189,1399,878,1116]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2E6A2CF2DD4444FE0EFC34" author="Strand T." box="[189,427,878,905]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 117" refId="ref49308" refString="Strand T. 1934. The Upper Ordovician Cephalopods of the Oslo Area. Norsk Geologiske Tidsskrift 14: 1 - 117." type="journal article" year="1934">Strand (1934: 46)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described some variation in his specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2E6A2CF6584445FB6DFC35" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1934" box="[1080,1224,879,905]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF6584445FBE8FC35" box="[1080,1101,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF60C4445FB6DFC35" box="[1132,1224,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">roemeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Within this material, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="FA5F9FE0CD2E6A2CF33F44B8FE31FC11" box="[351,404,914,940]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, which is from the Sørbakken Formation, differs from younger specimens of the “Gastropod Limestone” in having a narrower venter. The Boda Limestone specimens are most similar to the specimen of the Gastropod Limestone and to the specimen figured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2E6A2CF64E44F2FB7FFC4C" author="Roemer C. F." box="[1070,1242,983,1010]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref49074" refString="Roemer C. F. 1861. Die fossile Fauna der silurischen Diluvial-Geschiebe von Sadewitz bei Oels in Nieder-Schlsien. Breslau." type="book" year="1861">Roemer (1861</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 6, fig 2a). This is also apparent in the diagrammatic representation of the whorl expansion in
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDDF3DC7CD2E6A2CF6FD44D1FB51FBA8" box="[1181,1268,1019,1045]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="74.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[202,1372,1414,1776]" captionTargetId="graphics@74.[656,970,1420,1715]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="Fig. 33. Morphological variation in Discoceras roemeri Strand, 1934. Black dots = specimens of the Boda Limestone. Black dot with grey margin = Rectanguloceras balaschovi Stumbur, 1962. Grey dots = Lituites antiquissimus of Roemer (1861: pl. 6, figs 2a-e). Grey dot with black margin = Discoceras roemeri of Dzik (1984: pl. 6, figs 5,6). White dot with black circle = Discoceras roemeri of Strand (1934: pl. 5, fig. 1). WER = whorl expansion rate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814293/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
, where the variation of the specimens from the Boda Limestone is closer to the variation of the specimen figured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2E6A2CF2824368FE32FBE1" author="Roemer C. F." box="[226,407,1089,1116]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref49074" refString="Roemer C. F. 1861. Die fossile Fauna der silurischen Diluvial-Geschiebe von Sadewitz bei Oels in Nieder-Schlsien. Breslau." type="book" year="1861">Roemer (1861)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2E6A2CF2DD43A8FEFDFB21" blockId="74.[189,344,1154,1180]" box="[189,344,1154,1180]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<heading id="7E13962ECD2E6A2CF2DD43A8FEFDFB21" bold="true" box="[189,344,1154,1180]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF2DD43A8FEFDFB21" bold="true" box="[189,344,1154,1180]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Comparison</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2E6A2CF2DD439BFAD2FA88" blockId="74.[189,1399,1201,1333]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
Several species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2E6A2CF3F64398FDBFFB76" authorityName="Barrande" authorityYear="1867" box="[406,538,1202,1227]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF3F64398FDBFFB76" box="[406,538,1202,1227]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Discoceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described from the Gastropod Limestone of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E720EFA0CD2E6A2CF638439BFB2AFB76" box="[1112,1167,1201,1227]" country="Norway" name="Oslo" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Oslo</collectingRegion>
|
||
area (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2E6A2CF6B5439BFACCFB76" author="Strand T." box="[1237,1385,1201,1227]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 117" refId="ref49308" refString="Strand T. 1934. The Upper Ordovician Cephalopods of the Oslo Area. Norsk Geologiske Tidsskrift 14: 1 - 117." type="journal article" year="1934">Strand 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), are very similar to the specimens assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2E6A2CF0AA43FFFCEDFB53" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1934" box="[714,840,1237,1263]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF0AA43FFFD7AFB53" box="[714,735,1237,1262]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF08C43FFFCEDFB53" box="[748,840,1237,1262]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">roemeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
herein. Generally, these species differ in having a lower expansion rate of ca. 1.8–1.9. Among them,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2E6A2CF15343D2FC70FAAF" authorityName="Saemann" authorityYear="1852" box="[819,981,1272,1298]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angulatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF15343D2FC70FAAF" box="[819,981,1272,1298]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. angulatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2E6A2CF6D843D2FA9CFAAC" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1934" box="[1208,1337,1272,1298]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF6D843D2FB68FAAC" box="[1208,1229,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF6BD43D2FA9CFAAC" box="[1245,1337,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">roemeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with respect to the conch cross section.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2E6A2CF0364236FD52FA88" authorityName="Saemann" authorityYear="1852" box="[598,759,1307,1333]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angulatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF0364236FD52FA88" box="[598,759,1307,1333]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. angulatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has similarly rounded umbilical shoulders, but in
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="719B71CACD2E6A2CF2DD4034FCA3F87B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814293" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3814293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814293/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" startId="74.[189,232,1822,1848]" targetBox="[202,1372,1414,1776]" targetPageId="74">
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2E6A2CF2DD4034FCA3F87B" blockId="74.[189,1399,1822,1990]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF2DD4034FEB9F884" bold="true" box="[189,284,1822,1849]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Fig. 33.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphological variation in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2E6A2CF00F4035FC58F884" authority="Strand, 1934" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1934" box="[623,1021,1823,1849]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF00F4035FCFDF885" box="[623,856,1823,1848]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Discoceras roemeri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2E6A2CF1024035FC58F884" author="Strand T." box="[866,1021,1823,1849]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 117" refId="ref49308" refString="Strand T. 1934. The Upper Ordovician Cephalopods of the Oslo Area. Norsk Geologiske Tidsskrift 14: 1 - 117." type="journal article" year="1934">Strand, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Black dots = specimens of the Boda Limestone. Black dot with grey margin =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2E6A2CF0924068FB52F8E1" authority="Stumbur, 1962" authorityName="Stumbur" authorityYear="1962" box="[754,1271,1858,1884]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Tarphyceratidae" genus="Rectanguloceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphyceratida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="balaschovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF0924068FB9BF8E1" box="[754,1086,1858,1884]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Rectanguloceras balaschovi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2E6A2CF6264068FB52F8E1" author="Stumbur H." box="[1094,1271,1858,1884]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="131 - 147" refId="ref49380" refString="Stumbur H. 1962. Rasprostranenie nautiloidei v ordovike Estonii (s opisaniem nekotorykh novykh rodov). ENSV Teaduste Akadeemia Geoloogia Instituudi Uurimused 10: 131 - 147." type="journal article" year="1962">Stumbur, 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Grey dots =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2E6A2CF2B7404CFE7CF8C2" authorityName="Roemer" authorityYear="1861" box="[215,473,1894,1919]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Lituitidae" genus="Lituites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antiquissimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF2B7404CFE7CF8C2" box="[215,473,1894,1919]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Lituites antiquissimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2E6A2CF063404CFD16F8C2" author="Roemer C. F." box="[515,691,1893,1920]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref49074" refString="Roemer C. F. 1861. Die fossile Fauna der silurischen Diluvial-Geschiebe von Sadewitz bei Oels in Nieder-Schlsien. Breslau." type="book" year="1861">Roemer (1861</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 6, figs 2a-e). Grey dot with black margin =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2E6A2CF692404CFEBCF81F" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1934" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF692404CFEBCF81F" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Discoceras roemeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2E6A2CF32640A2FE76F81F" author="Dzik J." box="[326,467,1928,1954]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref47068" refString="Dzik J. 1984. Phylogeny of the Nautiloidea. Palaeontologia Polonica, Vol. 45, 203 pp." type="book" year="1984">Dzik (1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 6, figs 5,6). White dot with black circle =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2E6A2CF67240A3FB59F81F" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1934" box="[1042,1276,1929,1954]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2E6A2CF67240A3FB59F81F" box="[1042,1276,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Discoceras roemeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2E6A2CF74A40A2FEA3F87B" author="Strand T." pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 117" refId="ref49308" refString="Strand T. 1934. The Upper Ordovician Cephalopods of the Oslo Area. Norsk Geologiske Tidsskrift 14: 1 - 117." type="journal article" year="1934">Strand (1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 5, fig. 1). WER = whorl expansion rate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2F6A2DF2DD4626FDBFFEF5" blockId="75.[189,1399,267,329]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
||
contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2F6A2DF3234626FE61FE98" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1934" box="[323,452,268,294]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2F6A2DF3234626FEFDFE98" box="[323,344,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2F6A2DF3084626FE61FE98" box="[360,452,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">roemeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the width of the ventral side of the whorl is always less than that of the dorsal side, and appears to be flatter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2F6A2DF2DD465AFC7DFD3D" blockId="75.[189,1399,368,641]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
||
The diagrammatic representation of the morphological variation of different specimens assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2F6A2DF2DD46BEFE99FE10" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1934" box="[189,316,404,430]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2F6A2DF2DD46BEFF77FE10" box="[189,210,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2F6A2DF28046BEFE99FE10" box="[224,316,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">roemeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the comparison of cross sections reveal that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2F6A2DF11846B9FAD2FE13" authority="Stumbur, 1956" authorityName="Stumbur" authorityYear="1956" box="[888,1399,403,430]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Schroederoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="balaschovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2F6A2DF11846B9FB66FE10" box="[888,1219,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Schroederoceras balaschovi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2F6A2DF6AA46B9FAD2FE13" author="Stumbur H." box="[1226,1399,403,430]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="176 - 185" refId="ref49355" refString="Stumbur H. 1956. O nautiloidea Kohilaskogo jarusa (Verhnij Ordovik Pribaltiki). Tartu Riikliku Ulikooli Toimetised 42: 176 - 185." type="journal article" year="1956">Stumbur, 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Pirgu Stage of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5DF361D2CD2F6A2DF3B2469CFD8FFE6D" box="[466,554,438,464]" name="Estonia" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Estonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2F6A2DF001469DFB78FE6C" authority="Rasmussen & Surlyk, 2012" authorityName="Rasmussen & Surlyk" authorityYear="2012" box="[609,1245,438,465]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vasegaardense">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2F6A2DF001469DFC3DFE6D" box="[609,920,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Discoceras vasegaardense</emphasis>
|
||
Rasmussen & Surlyk, 2012
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the late Katian Lindegård Formation of Bornholm,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5DF361D2CD2F6A2DF0D446F3FC84FE4E" box="[692,801,473,499]" name="Denmark" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Denmark</collectingCountry>
|
||
are well within the range of variation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2F6A2DF69846F0FAD2FE4E" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1934" box="[1272,1399,474,500]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2F6A2DF69846F0FAA8FE4E" box="[1272,1293,474,499]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2F6A2DF77B46F0FAD2FE4E" box="[1307,1399,474,499]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">roemeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and must be synonymized with the latter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDDF3DC7CD2F6A2DF0DD46D7FCBDFDAA" box="[701,792,509,535]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="74.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[202,1372,1414,1776]" captionTargetId="graphics@74.[656,970,1420,1715]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="Fig. 33. Morphological variation in Discoceras roemeri Strand, 1934. Black dots = specimens of the Boda Limestone. Black dot with grey margin = Rectanguloceras balaschovi Stumbur, 1962. Grey dots = Lituites antiquissimus of Roemer (1861: pl. 6, figs 2a-e). Grey dot with black margin = Discoceras roemeri of Dzik (1984: pl. 6, figs 5,6). White dot with black circle = Discoceras roemeri of Strand (1934: pl. 5, fig. 1). WER = whorl expansion rate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814293/files/figure.png" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, because details of the cross section of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2F6A2DF2DD450BFE28FD87" authorityName="Rasmussen & Surlyk" authorityYear="2012" box="[189,397,544,570]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vasegaardense">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2F6A2DF2DD450BFE28FD87" box="[189,397,544,570]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">D. vasegaardense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are not known and the ribbing in this species appears to be stronger than in specimens assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2F6A2DF32C456EFE6BFDE0" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1934" box="[332,462,580,606]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2F6A2DF32C456EFEC4FDE0" box="[332,353,580,605]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2F6A2DF312456EFE6BFDE0" box="[370,462,580,605]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">roemeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it cannot be synonymised with the latter. On the other hand,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2F6A2DF6D24569FE99FD3D" authorityName="Stumbur" authorityYear="1956" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Schroederoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="balaschovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2F6A2DF6D24569FE99FD3D" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Schroederoceras balaschovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is interpreted as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD2F6A2DF099454DFCDCFD3D" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1934" box="[761,889,615,641]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Trocholitidae" genus="Discoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tarphycerida" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roemeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2F6A2DF099454DFCABFD3D" box="[761,782,615,640]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2F6A2DF17D454DFCDCFD3D" box="[797,889,615,640]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">roemeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, herein.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6DFE72C9CD2F6A2DF2DD4582FC0BFCC0" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2F6A2DF2DD4582FDD8FD7F" blockId="75.[189,637,680,706]" box="[189,637,680,706]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<heading id="7E13962ECD2F6A2DF2DD4582FDD8FD7F" bold="true" box="[189,637,680,706]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD2F6A2DF2DD4582FDD8FD7F" bold="true" box="[189,637,680,706]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD2F6A2DF2DD45FDFC0BFCC0" blockId="75.[189,1398,726,894]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
||
Venstøp and Sørbakken formations, Ringerike district, and Venstøp and Grimsøy formations, Oslo-Asker district, upper Herøya Formation (“Gastropod Limestone”), Skien-Langesund district,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5DF361D2CD2F6A2DF6DA45D0FABDFCA9" box="[1210,1304,762,788]" name="Norway" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2F6A2DF74845D3FF59FC8A" author="Strand T." pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 117" refId="ref49308" refString="Strand T. 1934. The Upper Ordovician Cephalopods of the Oslo Area. Norsk Geologiske Tidsskrift 14: 1 - 117." type="journal article" year="1934">Strand 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); erratic limestone boulders from Vormsi/Pirgu Regional Stage (“Lyckholm stage”), Zawidowice,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5DF361D2CD2F6A2DF2DD446AFEABFCE7" box="[189,270,832,858]" name="Poland" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2F6A2DF37C446AFE39FCE7" author="Dzik J." box="[284,412,832,858]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refId="ref47068" refString="Dzik J. 1984. Phylogeny of the Nautiloidea. Palaeontologia Polonica, Vol. 45, 203 pp." type="book" year="1984">Dzik 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Vormsi/Pirgu Regional Stage (“Lyckholm stage”),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5DF361D2CD2F6A2DF19B446AFBF6FCE7" box="[1019,1107,832,858]" name="Estonia" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Estonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2F6A2DF601446AFAA2FCE7" author="Teichert C." box="[1121,1287,832,858]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="264 - 312" refId="ref49750" refString="Teichert C. 1930. Die Cephalopoden-Fauna der Lyckholm-Stufe des Ostbaltikums. Palaontologische Zeitschrift 12: 264 - 312." type="journal article" year="1930">Teichert 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2F6A2DF771446AFF5FFCC3" author="Stumbur H." pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="176 - 185" refId="ref49355" refString="Stumbur H. 1956. O nautiloidea Kohilaskogo jarusa (Verhnij Ordovik Pribaltiki). Tartu Riikliku Ulikooli Toimetised 42: 176 - 185." type="journal article" year="1956">Stumbur 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD2F6A2DF3664449FEE0FCC3" author="Stumbur H." box="[262,325,867,894]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="131 - 147" refId="ref49380" refString="Stumbur H. 1962. Rasprostranenie nautiloidei v ordovike Estonii (s opisaniem nekotorykh novykh rodov). ENSV Teaduste Akadeemia Geoloogia Instituudi Uurimused 10: 131 - 147." type="journal article" year="1962">1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Boda Limestone,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E720EFA0CD2F6A2DF04A4449FD2FFCC0" box="[554,650,867,893]" country="Sweden" name="Dalarna" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Dalarna</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5DF361D2CD2F6A2DF0F64449FD52FCC0" box="[662,759,867,893]" name="Sweden" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
||
; all late Katian.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |