treatments-xml/data/9A/47/1D/9A471D23534DFFC3FE85FD2BFAA0F8CA.xml

<document id="7FA7465FA2AD71ED0934698CA54F530B" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.273551" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d5c3006c-b31d-42ce-a572-4295450ebb1b" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="273551" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459786678394" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hooper, John N. A., Van, Rob W. M. &amp; Soest" docDate="2006" docId="9A471D23534DFFC3FE85FD2BFAA0F8CA" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01314p039.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1314" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Amphimedon queenslandica Hooper, Van &amp; Soest, 2006, sp.nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="667E655B534FFFC6FF8DFFD5FFA6FF84" masterDocTitle="A new species of Amphimedon (Porifera, Demospongiae, Haplosclerida, Niphatidae) from the Capricorn­Bunker Group of Islands, Great Barrier Reef, Australia: target species for the ‘ sponge genome project’" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1698218683352" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="08E091CF390D14E577ECC61CCA7EBED5" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="60DF67F98EED904C613724B4ECFAADA2">
<mods:title id="7D101BADAFE7F87307666D0C783006C5">A new species of Amphimedon (Porifera, Demospongiae, Haplosclerida, Niphatidae) from the Capricorn­Bunker Group of Islands, Great Barrier Reef, Australia: target species for the ‘ sponge genome project’</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="2DFA632D763912DD4ACE5210B6A82DCA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="076E72F33643AA7B058B0B6F9CA134CC">
<mods:roleTerm id="9DA1371F1C6A11CF2511954D3CFEBAAD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="723DD19D9EF82474343AAB587AB83AAE">Hooper, John N. A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="75CD735D30EF239FE5D2689FC87D0130" type="personal">
<mods:role id="731C5F2755F8DB7A74DD71F9AF27EF9A">
<mods:roleTerm id="135764DE52D599835D05D4D06331B7A2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6B1D6C4AF8FD9E4902FC5098E85C3C89">Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="29CCB6B77753DF3061BA955B221F56FE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="95A856F9AD211F17B6E11E09B6A54EB3">
<mods:roleTerm id="78AEFFA937BA9F0875B0B188D960FADE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="033FAFAC5674EA517D5341AAE984A134">Soest</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="72EDF55ECBE48BAAAC77D3884FEC590D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="FD0878E2167FCB43716558E52F39EECD" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="15CC3E7AB614EFE9E326E69C482801B9">
<mods:title id="AE3999F0B6BFDF9845558038EB835CCE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="6C0B1C646547662295ADC53BF2165951">
<mods:date id="304ADE13E40FDACBE78328BA7A8F7021">2006</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="7A6A65E052FD57FDDEAC003F9C43FD03" type="volume">
<mods:number id="570418C3600E3A74907CA32D55229D7B">1314</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="92838B5D6173278B6EEE0810B86C82DC" unit="page">
<mods:start id="D966484C8D6F6C7BA717C98CCAEF85AD">31</mods:start>
<mods:end id="48EF9E157F5222CB896F40DF88CDC68E">39</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="B453CFABFC48282F27A5702548292F23">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="8BCC92ECD5D6A29750F4CAD80B2B33DB" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.273551</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E42120ACDB4A7B407B3A872E5B43CD77" type="GBIF-Dataset">d5c3006c-b31d-42ce-a572-4295450ebb1b</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="96883A0F0661F5ECF442075EF692BFA6" type="ISSN">1175­5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D1F06F5472F64BA2EC0615E4EFE8E838" type="Zenodo-Dep">273551</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="9A471D23534DFFC3FE85FD2BFAA0F8CA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6256035" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119349282" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6256035" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9A471D23534DFFC3FE85FD2BFAA0F8CA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9A471D23534DFFC3FE85FD2BFAA0F8CA" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<subSubSection id="5AF4FFBE534DFFC4FE85FD2BFEC6FCBF" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1251AC35534DFFC4FE85FD2BFD18FC9C" blockId="2.[264,702,766,827]" box="[264,702,766,792]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<heading id="49191B59534DFFC4FE85FD2BFD18FC9C" bold="true" box="[264,702,766,792]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" reason="1">
<emphasis id="209A7027534DFFC4FE85FD2BFD18FC9C" bold="true" box="[264,702,766,792]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534DFFC4FE85FD2BFDC6FC9C" ID-CoL="D3NX" box="[264,608,766,792]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="queenslandica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="209A7027534DFFC4FE85FD2BFDC6FC9C" bold="true" box="[264,608,766,792]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Amphimedon queenslandica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3BA9CD5C534DFFC4FDE5FD2BFD18FC9C" box="[616,702,766,792]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1251AC35534DFFC4FE85FCF4FEC6FCBF" blockId="2.[264,702,766,827]" box="[264,352,801,827]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
(
<figureCitation id="8AD5B0B0534DFFC4FE9CFCF4FEF2FCBF" box="[273,340,801,827]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[264,368,1547,1571]" captionTargetBox="[270,1316,329,1521]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[270,1316,329,1521]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Amphimedon queenslandica sp. nov. A, Holotype QMG 315611 in aquarium (scale 1 cm) (photo Nelson Lauzon). B, Peripheral skeletal reticulation (scale 1 mm). C, Closer view of the subectosomal skeleton (scale 1 mm). D, Paratype QMG 322874 in aquarium (scale 1 cm) (photo Simon Walker). E, Thicker fibres with embedded spicules forming a denser surface skeleton, supported beneath by the more cavernous subectosomal reticulation (scale 500 μm). F, Network of smaller secondary (uni­ and paucispicular) tracts overlaying the thicker primary (multi­ and paucispicular) fibres (scale 500 μm). G, Uni­ and paucispicular secondary skeletal tracts interconnecting the larger primary fibres (scale 100 μm). H, Isodictyal reticulation of smaller secondary (uni­ and paucispicular) tracts (scale 50 μm). I, Oxeas embedded in spongin binding the nodes of smaller secondary tracts (scale 50 μm). J, Oxea megascleres (scale 50 μm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273552/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5AF4FFBE534DFFC4FE85FCA7FD40FC0C" box="[264,742,881,905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="description">
<paragraph id="1251AC35534DFFC4FE85FCA7FD40FC0C" blockId="2.[264,742,881,905]" box="[264,742,881,905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="209A7027534DFFC4FE85FCA7FEFAFC0D" box="[264,348,882,905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Reneira</emphasis>
sp. [sic], 
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534DFFC4FE48FCA4FD12FC0C" author="Leys" box="[453,692,881,904]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" refString="Leys, S. P. &amp; Degnan, B. M. (2001) Cytological basis of photoresponsive behaviour in a sponge larva. Biological Bulletin, 201, 323 - 338." type="journal article" year="2001">Leys &amp; Degnan, 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 324
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5AF4FFBE534DFFC4FE85FC6CFD58F9AF" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="1251AC35534DFFC4FE85FC6CFEC9FC56" blockId="2.[264,1323,953,1579]" box="[264,367,953,978]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="209A7027534DFFC4FE85FC6CFEC9FC56" box="[264,367,953,978]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1251AC35534DFFC4FEB5FC34FD7CFBF7" blockId="2.[264,1323,953,1579]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<typeStatus id="CD551297534DFFC4FEB5FC34FE0CFC7F" box="[312,426,993,1019]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: QMG315611 (fragments of 
<typeStatus id="CD551297534DFFC4FD72FC34FCCCFC7F" box="[767,874,993,1019]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: 
<collectionCode id="74FF34F0534DFFC4FCFBFC34FC11FC7F" box="[886,951,993,1019]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">ZMA</collectionCode>
Por. 19383). Shark Bay, Heron Island, Capricorn­Bunker Group, southern Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, 
<collectingCountry id="6AF9ECA5534DFFC4FB0AFBDCFB53FBA7" box="[1159,1269,1033,1059]" name="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Australia</collectingCountry>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="77DACAF2534DFFC4FA8CFBDCFEE7FBCF" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" precision="925" value="-23.45">23° 27’S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="77DACAF2534DFFC4FEC3FBE4FE6FFBCF" box="[334,457,1073,1099]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" precision="925" value="151.91667">151° 55’E</geoCoordinate>
, intertidal 
<quantity id="D51601D0534DFFC4FDC5FBE4FD22FBCF" box="[584,644,1073,1099]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5m</quantity>
depth, coll. Nelson Lauzon &amp; Sally Leys, 
<date id="66508AF5534DFFC4FBF0FBE4FA83FBCF" box="[1149,1317,1073,1099]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" value="1999-04-10">10 April 1999</date>
, by hand, under coral rubble on reef flat.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1251AC35534DFFC4FEB5FB54FD67FABF" blockId="2.[264,1323,953,1579]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<typeStatus id="CD551297534DFFC4FEB5FB54FE08FB1F" box="[312,430,1153,1179]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: QMG322874, QMG322875, QMG322876, ZMAPOR 19384 (fragment QMG322872), ZMAPOR 19385 (fragment QMG322873): Shark Bay, eastern end of sand cay, 
<quantity id="D51601D0534DFFC4FECFFB04FE17FB6F" box="[322,433,1233,1259]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="75.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="50.0">50–100m</quantity>
from the shore, Heron Island, Capricorn­Bunker Group, southern Great Barrier Reef, 
<geoCoordinate id="77DACAF2534DFFC4FE3DFB2CFDBBFA97" box="[432,541,1273,1299]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" precision="925" value="-23.45">23° 27’S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="77DACAF2534DFFC4FDA3FB2CFD0AFA97" box="[558,684,1273,1299]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" precision="925" value="151.91667">151° 55’E</geoCoordinate>
, intertidal &lt;
<quantity id="D51601D0534DFFC4FCC0FB2CFCD9FA97" box="[845,895,1273,1299]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
depth, coll. Simon Walker, 
<date id="66508AF5534DFFC4FB54FB2CFEE0FABF" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" value="2006-06-08">8 June 2006</date>
, by hand, coral rubble substrate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1251AC35534DFFC4FEB5FA9CFD58F9AF" blockId="2.[264,1323,953,1579]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
Specimens: QMG324489, QMG324490: northern crest, near entrance, One Tree Island, Capricorn­Bunker Group, southern Great Barrier Reef, 
<geoCoordinate id="77DACAF2534DFFC4FC61FAA4FBDCFA0F" box="[1004,1146,1393,1419]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" precision="15" value="-23.484722">23° 29'05&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="77DACAF2534DFFC4FB0AFAA4FA80FA0F" box="[1159,1318,1393,1419]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" precision="15" value="152.07333">152° 04'24&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, intertidal &lt;
<quantity id="D51601D0534DFFC4FE1CFA4CFE7FFA37" box="[401,473,1433,1459]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="cm" value="50.0">50 cm</quantity>
depth, coll. Simon Walker, 
<date id="66508AF5534DFFC4FC92FA4CFC16FA37" box="[799,944,1433,1459]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" value="2006-06-06">6 June 2006</date>
, by hand, coral rubble substrate. QMG324491: eastern crest, near “two tree island”, One Tree Island, Capricorn­Bunker Group, southern Great Barrier Reef, 
<geoCoordinate id="77DACAF2534DFFC4FD4EFA3CFCFCF987" box="[707,858,1513,1539]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" precision="15" value="-23.487223">23° 29' 14''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="77DACAF2534DFFC4FCEEFA3CFBB0F987" box="[867,1046,1513,1539]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" precision="15" value="152.08833">152° 05' 18'' E</geoCoordinate>
, coll. Simon Walker, 
<date id="66508AF5534DFFC4FA91FA3CFE25F9AF" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" value="2006-06-06">6 June 2006</date>
, by hand, coral rubble substrate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5AF4FFBE534DFFC5FE85F9B4FDD2F9DA" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="description">
<paragraph id="1251AC35534DFFC4FE85F9B4FE34F9FE" blockId="2.[264,1322,1633,1899]" box="[264,402,1633,1658]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="209A7027534DFFC4FE85F9B4FE34F9FE" box="[264,402,1633,1658]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1251AC35534DFFC5FEB5F95CFB72FDCA" blockId="2.[264,1322,1633,1899]" lastBlockId="3.[264,1324,284,1630]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
Growth form is thickly encrusting over dead coral rubble, forming thin (quoted as&gt; 
<quantity id="D51601D0534DFFC4FE94F964FEF3F94F" box="[281,341,1713,1739]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="1.0">1mm</quantity>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534DFFC4FE04F964FD3FF94F" author="Leys" box="[393,665,1713,1739]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" refString="Leys, S. P. &amp; Degnan, B. M. (2001) Cytological basis of photoresponsive behaviour in a sponge larva. Biological Bulletin, 201, 323 - 338." type="journal article" year="2001">Leys &amp; Degnan, 2001</bibRefCitation>
) to moderately thick (&gt; 
<quantity id="D51601D0534DFFC4FC30F964FBAFF94F" box="[957,1033,1713,1739]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="10.0">10mm</quantity>
) crusts over the coral, usually also with massive, lobate or digitate bulbs arising from the encrusting base, several centimetres high and in diameter. Sponges are easily removed (cut or torn) from the coral rubble. Oscules are large (
<quantity id="D51601D0534DFFC4FDB3F8FCFD19F8C7" box="[574,703,1833,1859]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">10–20 mm</quantity>
diameter) and prominent, situated on the summit of surface bulbs, each oscule surrounded by a slightly elevated membranous lip several millimetres high. Surface is macroscopically smooth, even, translucent, unornamented although microscopically porous and appears ‘slightly fuzzy’ due to it being pitted by numerous very small ostia (&lt;
<quantity id="D51601D0534CFFC5FDFDFEB9FD0BFE02" box="[624,685,364,390]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="1.0">1mm</quantity>
diameter), and with terminal spiculo­spongin fibres forming minute conulose projections on the surface. The underlying skeletal fibre network is also visible through the partly translucent ectosome. Texture is compressible but firm and very resilient, quickly returning to its initial shape when compressed. Live colouration is grey­blue to green, with lighter grey around the rim of the oscule. In ethanol the sponge turns beige­grey to grey, shape is not lost, and it leaks a green pigment when fixed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1251AC35534CFFC5FEB5FD89FD93FA3A" blockId="3.[264,1324,284,1630]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
The ectosomal skeleton consists of an irregular paratangential reticulation of unipaucispicular spiculofibres, originating from subectosomal endings of larger choanosomal fibres tapering towards the surface producing a slightly microvillose surface. These peripheral fibres are generally more heavily spicular, more densely spaced (‘peripheral condensation’) and have greater amounts of collagen than those within the choanosomal skeleton, including the presence of dark refractive dark granules in the first 200 µm or so of the surface skeleton. These darker denser­fibred regions are also repeated several times in the interior skeleton and may be interpreted as evidence of periodic episodes of retarded growth. The choanosomal skeleton is an anisotropic reticulation of moderately well developed thicker primary fibres (30–50 µm diameter, thicker at the fibre nodes), containing loosely packed multispicular or paucispicular tracts of small oxeas, forming oval to elongate meshes (120–300 µm diameter, generally larger in the peripheral skeleton). These larger fibres are interconnected by thinner unispicular, or less commonly paucispicular tracts of oxeas, mostly contained within small fibres but occasionally not covered by collagen, together forming an isodictyal reticulation in between the larger fibre network (with meshes 35–145 µm diameter). Smaller spiculo­spongin tracts range from 8–16 µm in diameter, thicker at fibre nodes. Collagen is light and homogenous throughout the mesohyl. 
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534CFFC5FE39FAD1FC1CFA9A" author="Leys" box="[436,954,1284,1310]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Leys, S. P. &amp; Degnan, B. M. (2001) Cytological basis of photoresponsive behaviour in a sponge larva. Biological Bulletin, 201, 323 - 338." type="journal article" year="2001" yearSuffix="a">
Leys &amp; Degnan (2001 as a 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534CFFC5FCAEFAD1FC26FA99" box="[803,896,1284,1309]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Reniera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534CFFC5FCAEFAD1FC26FA99" box="[803,896,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Reniera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.)
</bibRefCitation>
report large brood chambers commonly occurring near the base of the sponge, up to 
<quantity id="D51601D0534CFFC5FC47FAF9FC5AFAC2" box="[970,1020,1324,1350]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" unit="cm" value="1.0">1cm</quantity>
<quantity id="D51601D0534CFFC5FC76FAF9FB8FFAC2" box="[1019,1065,1324,1350]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" unit="in" value="2.0">² in</quantity>
diameter, containing 20–150 embryos at any time in a range of developmental stages, and that the sponges are reproductive throughout the year. Descriptions of the larvae and its behaviour are provided in detail by these authors.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1251AC35534CFFC5FEB5FA19FDD2F9DA" blockId="3.[264,1324,284,1630]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Megascleres are very small and thin oxeas, slightly curved at the centre, with tapering or abruptly rounded points, 55­(83)­118 µm long, 1.5­(2.3)­4.5 µm thick. No microscleres were observed although occasional very small sigmas were seen in some sections, considered to be contaminants.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5AF4FFBE534CFFC5FE85F95AFB11F955" box="[264,1207,1679,1745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="1251AC35534CFFC5FE85F95AFE23F92C" blockId="3.[264,1207,1679,1745]" box="[264,389,1679,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="209A7027534CFFC5FE85F95AFE23F92C" box="[264,389,1679,1704]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1251AC35534CFFC5FEB5F962FB11F955" blockId="3.[264,1207,1679,1745]" box="[312,1207,1719,1745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
The species is named for the political region encompassing the 
<typeStatus id="CD551297534CFFC5FBADF962FBF5F955" box="[1056,1107,1719,1745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5AF4FFBE534CFFC3FE85F8D2FED1FEDA" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="1251AC35534CFFC5FE85F8D2FE2FF8A4" blockId="3.[264,1325,1799,1905]" box="[264,393,1799,1824]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="209A7027534CFFC5FE85F8D2FE2FF8A4" box="[264,393,1799,1824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Discussion</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1251AC35534CFFC2FEB5F8FAFB9DFDCA" blockId="3.[264,1325,1799,1905]" lastBlockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
This present species was originally mentioned as being a 
<emphasis id="209A7027534CFFC5FC6AF8FAFBE2F8CC" box="[999,1092,1839,1864]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Reneira</emphasis>
sp. (= 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534CFFC5FB17F8FAFB51F8CC" box="[1178,1271,1839,1864]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Reniera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534CFFC5FB17F8FAFB51F8CC" box="[1178,1271,1839,1864]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Reniera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.) (
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534CFFC5FE9DF882FDBDF8F5" author="Leys" box="[272,539,1879,1905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Leys, S. P. &amp; Degnan, B. M. (2001) Cytological basis of photoresponsive behaviour in a sponge larva. Biological Bulletin, 201, 323 - 338." type="journal article" year="2001">Leys &amp; Degnan, 2001</bibRefCitation>
) based on a fragment of a single specimen (QMG315611), but its identification as 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FE5BFEC9FDD7FEB1" box="[470,625,284,309]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FE5BFEC9FDD7FEB1" box="[470,625,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Amphimedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is confirmed by recollection of several more specimens from the original 
<typeStatus id="CD551297534BFFC2FE6EFE91FDB0FEDA" box="[483,534,324,350]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">type</typeStatus>
locality (Heron Island) and the adjacent One Tree Island in the Capricorn­Bunker Group, southern Great Barrier Reef, and is herein designated a new species. So far the species has not been recorded elsewhere in the Great Barrier Reef, despite extensive recent surveys along its length and breadth. This is perhaps not surprising given its small encrusting growth form and preference for shaded rubble habitat, with most collection effort focussed mainly on the macrobenthic species to date, such that it is possible it has a far more wide distribution than presently known.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1251AC35534BFFC2FEB5FD89FC50FC32" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FEB5FD89FDE9FDF1" box="[312,591,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Comparison with other</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FDD7FD89FD5AFDF2" box="[602,764,604,630]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Amphimedon</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FC8BFD89FA8DFDF1" box="[774,1323,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">species from Australian and adjacent waters.</emphasis>
According to 
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FE21FD51FC81FD1A" author="Hooper" box="[428,807,644,670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="38" refString="Hooper, J. N. A. &amp; Wiedenmayer, F. (1994) Porifera. In: Wells, A. (ed.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Volume 12, CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia, xiii, 624." type="journal article" year="1994">Hooper &amp; Wiedenmayer (1994)</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FCA2FD51FA8DFD1A" authority="Carter, 1885" authorityName="Carter" authorityYear="1885" box="[815,1323,644,670]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Chalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="subSpecies" species="polychotoma" subSpecies="robusta">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FCA2FD51FB36FD19" box="[815,1168,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Chalina polychotoma robusta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FB15FD51FA8DFD1A" author="Carter" box="[1176,1323,644,670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="38" refString="Carter, H. J. (1885) Description of sponges from the neighbourhood of Port Phillip Heads, South Australia, continued. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (5) 16, 277 - 294." type="journal article" year="1885">Carter, 1885</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from Port Phillp Heads is an 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FDD3FD79FD5FFD41" box="[606,761,684,709]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FDD3FD79FD5FFD41" box="[606,761,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Amphimedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, based on examination of dry 
<typeStatus id="CD551297534BFFC2FBD3FD79FB36FD42" box="[1118,1168,684,710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">type</typeStatus>
material and a slide. 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FEFFFD01FDD2FD69" box="[370,628,724,749]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="robusta">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FEFFFD01FDD2FD69" box="[370,628,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Amphimedon robusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is described as branching­digitate and orange­coloured ‘when fresh’, thus differing clearly from our new species. The same authors assigned 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FE85FCF1FD35FCBA" authority="Carter, 1886" authorityName="Carter" authorityYear="1886" box="[264,659,804,830]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Thalysias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="massalis">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FE85FCF1FE4DFCB9" box="[264,491,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Thalysias massalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FE74FCF1FD35FCBA" author="Carter" box="[505,659,804,830]" pageId="4" pageNumber="38" refString="Carter, H. J. (1886) Description of sponges from the neighbourhood of Port Phillip Heads, South Australia, continued. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (5) 17, 40 - 53." type="journal article" year="1886">Carter, 1886</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, also from Port Phillip Heads to 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FBB2FCF1FB7CFCB9" box="[1087,1242,804,829]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FBB2FCF1FB7CFCB9" box="[1087,1242,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Amphimedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based likewise on a dry 
<typeStatus id="CD551297534BFFC2FE5AFC99FDAFFCE2" box="[471,521,844,870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">type</typeStatus>
specimen and a slide. The growth form is not unlike that of our new species, but the spicules are clearly much larger (155 
<date id="66508AF5534BFFC2FC39FCA1FC79FC0A" box="[948,991,884,910]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">x 6</date>
µm). The structure of the skeleton is unknown and the 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FDD0FC49FD5EFC31" box="[605,760,924,949]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FDD0FC49FD5EFC31" box="[605,760,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Amphimedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
status thus uncertain.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1251AC35534BFFC2FEB5FC11FECAF98A" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FEB5FC11FD91FC5A" author="Pulitzer-Finali" box="[312,567,964,990]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1982) Some new or little-known sponges from the Great Barrier Reef of Australia. Bolletino dei Musei e degli Istituti Biologici dell'Universita di Genova, 48 - 49, 87 - 141." type="book chapter" year="1982">Pulitzer­Finali (1982)</bibRefCitation>
described 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FD37FC11FC64FC59" box="[698,962,964,989]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aculeata">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FD37FC11FC64FC59" box="[698,962,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Amphimedon aculeata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Wistari Reef (Capricorn Group), but this is not an 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FDDDFC39FD4DFB81" box="[592,747,1004,1029]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FDDDFC39FD4DFB81" box="[592,747,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Amphimedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as it corresponds to 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FC7EFC39FD21FBAA" authority="Lamarck, 1814" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1814" class="Demospongiae" family="Petrosiidae" genus="Xestospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="testudinaria">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FC7EFC39FA8DFB81" box="[1011,1323,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Xestospongia testudinaria</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FE9DFBC1FE77FBAA" author="Lamarck" box="[272,465,1044,1070]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="4" pageNumber="38" refString="Lamarck, J. B. P. A, de Monet (1814) Suite des polypiers empates. Memoires du Museum de l'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 1, 69 - 80." type="journal article" year="1814">Lamarck, 1814</bibRefCitation>
) (Petrosiidae)
</taxonomicName>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FD12FBC1FCC0FBAA" author="Fromont" box="[671,870,1044,1070]" pageId="4" pageNumber="38" refString="Fromont, J. (1993) Descriptions of species of the Haplosclerida (Porifera: Demospongiae) occurring in tropical waters of the Great Barrier Reef. The Beagle, Records of the Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences, 10 (1), 7 - 40." type="journal article" year="1993">Fromont (1993)</bibRefCitation>
described several new species of 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FE85FBE9FE05FBD1" box="[264,419,1084,1109]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FE85FBE9FE05FBD1" box="[264,419,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Amphimedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Great Barrier reef area. 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FCBEFBE9FAA9FBD2" authority="Fromont, 1993" authorityName="Fromont" authorityYear="1993" box="[819,1295,1084,1110]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="paraviridis">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FCBEFBE9FBFFFBD1" box="[819,1113,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Amphimedon paraviridis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FBD2FBE9FAA9FBD2" author="Fromont" box="[1119,1295,1084,1110]" pageId="4" pageNumber="38" refString="Fromont, J. (1993) Descriptions of species of the Haplosclerida (Porifera: Demospongiae) occurring in tropical waters of the Great Barrier Reef. The Beagle, Records of the Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences, 10 (1), 7 - 40." type="journal article" year="1993">Fromont, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is an olive­green massively encrusting to lobate sponge with spicules clearly larger (114–204 µm) and thicker (up to 10.5 µm). The surface skeleton is much more regular and there are many single interstitial spicules in the choanosome. 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FC14FB61FEE5FB72" authority="Fromont, 1993" authorityName="Fromont" authorityYear="1993" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lamellata">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FC14FB61FB17FB49" box="[921,1201,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Amphimedon lamellata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FB33FB61FEE5FB72" author="Fromont" pageId="4" pageNumber="38" refString="Fromont, J. (1993) Descriptions of species of the Haplosclerida (Porifera: Demospongiae) occurring in tropical waters of the Great Barrier Reef. The Beagle, Records of the Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences, 10 (1), 7 - 40." type="journal article" year="1993">Fromont, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is a distinctly lamellate­folded pink­mauve sponge with spicules also larger (111–156 x 2.5–8.3 µm), and 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FDFCFAD1FC00FA9A" authority="Fromont, 1993" authorityName="Fromont" authorityYear="1993" box="[625,934,1284,1310]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sulcata">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FDFCFAD1FD4FFA99" box="[625,745,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">A. sulcata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FD7EFAD1FC00FA9A" author="Fromont" box="[755,934,1284,1310]" pageId="4" pageNumber="38" refString="Fromont, J. (1993) Descriptions of species of the Haplosclerida (Porifera: Demospongiae) occurring in tropical waters of the Great Barrier Reef. The Beagle, Records of the Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences, 10 (1), 7 - 40." type="journal article" year="1993">Fromont, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, has a peculiar grooved surface, unlike our new species, and is mauve­coloured. The oxeas are larger (122–153 
<date id="66508AF5534BFFC2FB5DFAF9FB50FAC2" box="[1232,1270,1324,1350]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">x 3</date>
–5.3 µm) and there are numerous sigmas. A fourth species, 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FC18FA81FB52FAEA" authority="Fromont, 1993" authorityName="Fromont" authorityYear="1993" box="[917,1268,1364,1390]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="terpenensis">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FC18FA81FB9AFAE9" box="[917,1084,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">A. terpenensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FBC8FA81FB52FAEA" author="Fromont" box="[1093,1268,1364,1390]" pageId="4" pageNumber="38" refString="Fromont, J. (1993) Descriptions of species of the Haplosclerida (Porifera: Demospongiae) occurring in tropical waters of the Great Barrier Reef. The Beagle, Records of the Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences, 10 (1), 7 - 40." type="journal article" year="1993">Fromont, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was assigned to 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FE1CFAA9FDBDFA11" box="[401,539,1404,1429]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Cymbastela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FE1CFAA9FDBDFA11" box="[401,539,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Cymbastela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a genus of 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FD2AFAA9FC52FA12" authority="(Halichondrida)" baseAuthorityName="Halichondrida" box="[679,1012,1404,1430]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Axinellidae (Halichondrida)</taxonomicName>
, by Van 
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FBDBFAA9FA8FFA12" box="[1110,1321,1404,1430]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" refString="Soest, R. W. M. Van, Desqueyroux-Faundez, R., Wright, A. D. &amp; Konig, G. (1996) Cymbastela hooperi sp. nov. (Halichondrida: Axinellidae) from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Biologie, 66 (Supplement), 103 - 108." type="journal article">Soest et al. (1996)</bibRefCitation>
on account of shared skeletal and biochemical attributes, and it is also vastly different from 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FE85FA19FE7AFA61" box="[264,476,1484,1509]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="queenslandica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FE85FA19FE7AFA61" box="[264,476,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">A. queenslandica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3BA9CD5C534BFFC2FE62FA19FDE3FA62" box="[495,581,1484,1510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" rank="species">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FE62FA19FDE3FA62" bold="true" box="[495,581,1484,1510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">sp.nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
in its gross morphological features (red­brown lamellate sponge).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1251AC35534BFFC3FEB5F9C9FED1FEDA" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" lastBlockId="5.[264,1323,284,1350]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">
Several 
<collectingCountry id="6AF9ECA5534BFFC2FE17F9C9FE44F9B2" box="[410,482,1564,1590]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Papua</collectingCountry>
New Guinean 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FD17F9C9FC93F9B1" box="[666,821,1564,1589]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FD17F9C9FC93F9B1" box="[666,821,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Amphimedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species were described by 
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FB0FF9C9FEFCF9DA" author="Pulitzer-Finali" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1996) Sponges from the Bismarck Sea. Bolletino dei Musei e degli Istituti Biologici dell'Universita di Genova, 60 - 61, 101 - 138." type="book chapter" year="1996">Pulitzer­Finali (1996)</bibRefCitation>
: 129 (
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FE23F991FCC1F9DA" authority="Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886" authorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" authorityYear="1886" box="[430,871,1604,1630]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fragilis">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FE23F991FD8CF9D9" box="[430,554,1604,1629]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">A. fragilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FDB3F991FCF8F9DA" author="Ridley" box="[574,862,1604,1630]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" refString="Ridley, S. O. &amp; Dendy, A. (1886). Preliminary report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger'. Parts 1 and 2. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (5) 18, 325 - 351." type="journal article" year="1886">Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FCF5F991FB59F9DA" authority="Pulitzer-Finali, 1996" authorityName="Pulitzer-Finali" authorityYear="1996" box="[888,1279,1604,1630]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cristata">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FCF5F991FC5FF9D9" box="[888,1017,1604,1629]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">A. cristata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FB88F991FB59F9DA" author="Pulitzer-Finali" box="[1029,1279,1604,1630]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1996) Sponges from the Bismarck Sea. Bolletino dei Musei e degli Istituti Biologici dell'Universita di Genova, 60 - 61, 101 - 138." type="book chapter" year="1996">Pulitzer­Finali, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FA9CF991FDD2F902" authority="Pulitzer-Finali, 1996" authorityName="Pulitzer-Finali" authorityYear="1996" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conferta">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FA9CF991FECCF901" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">A. conferta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FEF4F9B9FDD2F902" author="Pulitzer-Finali" box="[377,628,1644,1670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1996) Sponges from the Bismarck Sea. Bolletino dei Musei e degli Istituti Biologici dell'Universita di Genova, 60 - 61, 101 - 138." type="book chapter" year="1996">Pulitzer­Finali, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FD05F9B9FBE6F902" authority="Pulitzer-Finali, 1996" authorityName="Pulitzer-Finali" authorityYear="1996" box="[648,1088,1644,1670]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="strongylata">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FD05F9B9FC93F901" box="[648,821,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">A. strongylata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FCC9F9B9FBE6F902" author="Pulitzer-Finali" box="[836,1088,1644,1670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1996) Sponges from the Bismarck Sea. Bolletino dei Musei e degli Istituti Biologici dell'Universita di Genova, 60 - 61, 101 - 138." type="book chapter" year="1996">Pulitzer­Finali, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FBDEF9B9FB11F901" box="[1107,1207,1644,1669]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rudis">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FBDEF9B9FB11F901" box="[1107,1207,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">A. rudis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Pulitzer­ 
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FE85F941FE3CF92A" author="Finali" box="[264,410,1684,1710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1996) Sponges from the Bismarck Sea. Bolletino dei Musei e degli Istituti Biologici dell'Universita di Genova, 60 - 61, 101 - 138." type="book chapter" year="1996">Finali, 1996</bibRefCitation>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FE27F941FCAAF92A" authority="Pulitzer-Finali, 1996" authorityName="Pulitzer-Finali" authorityYear="1996" box="[426,780,1684,1710]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alata">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FE27F941FDAFF929" box="[426,521,1684,1709]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">A. alata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FD9EF941FCAAF92A" author="Pulitzer-Finali" box="[531,780,1684,1710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1996) Sponges from the Bismarck Sea. Bolletino dei Musei e degli Istituti Biologici dell'Universita di Genova, 60 - 61, 101 - 138." type="book chapter" year="1996">Pulitzer­Finali, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
). The species have been described extremely cursorily, have crude spicule drawings, and lack both habit illustrations and comparative notes. Most of the species have much larger spicules (over 200 µm in length) than our 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FE85F8D9FE04F8A1" box="[264,418,1804,1829]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FE85F8D9FE04F8A1" box="[264,418,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Amphimedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which makes them suspect wrong assignments. One species, ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FB0BF8D9FA87F8A1" box="[1158,1313,1804,1829]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FB0BF8D9FA87F8A1" box="[1158,1313,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Amphimedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FE85F8E1FEFBF8C9" box="[264,349,1844,1869]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fragilis">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FE85F8E1FEFBF8C9" box="[264,349,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">fragilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is the 
<typeStatus id="CD551297534BFFC2FE3CF8E1FE45F8CA" box="[433,483,1844,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">type</typeStatus>
of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534BFFC2FD0CF8E1FB81F8CA" authority="Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886" authorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" authorityYear="1886" box="[641,1063,1844,1870]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Dasychalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534BFFC2FD0CF8E1FCB3F8C9" box="[641,789,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Dasychalina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534BFFC2FC91F8E1FB81F8CA" author="Ridley" box="[796,1063,1844,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" refString="Ridley, S. O. &amp; Dendy, A. (1886). Preliminary report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger'. Parts 1 and 2. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (5) 18, 325 - 351." type="journal article" year="1886">Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The only species that has oxeas in the size range of our new species, 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FCA0FEC9FC2FFEB1" box="[813,905,284,309]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alata">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FCA0FEC9FC2FFEB1" box="[813,905,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">A. alata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, also possesses toxas and is browncoloured.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5AF4FFBE534AFFC3FEB5FEB9FC18FAC2" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="1251AC35534AFFC3FEB5FEB9FD42FD6A" blockId="5.[264,1323,284,1350]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
Two 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FEF0FEB9FDBEFE01" ID-CoL="84LCJ" box="[381,536,364,389]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FEF0FEB9FDBEFE01" box="[381,536,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Amphimedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species were recorded from the New Caledonian region by Desqueyroux­Faúndez, 1984, viz. 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FD57FE41FB42FE2A" authority="Brondsted, 1924" authorityName="Brondsted" authorityYear="1924" box="[730,1252,404,430]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FD57FE41FC78FE29" box="[730,990,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Amphimedon conica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534AFFC3FB8FFE41FB7AFE2A" author="Brondsted" box="[1026,1244,404,430]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" refString="Brondsted, H. V. (1924) Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 16. XXIII. Sponges from New Zealand. Part VI. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk" type="book chapter" year="1924">Brøndsted, 1924</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FE85FE69FC33FE52" ID-CoL="D3PJ" authority="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864" authorityName="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti" authorityYear="1864" box="[264,917,444,470]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FE85FE69FE5FFE51" box="[264,505,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Amphimedon viridis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534AFFC3FD88FE69FC33FE52" author="Duchassaing" box="[517,917,444,470]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" refString="Duchassaing, D. F., P. &amp; Michelotti, G. (1864) Spongiaires de la mer Caraibe. Natuurkundige Verhandelingen, Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen, Haarlem, (2) 21 (3), 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1864">Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The first is an elaborate tubular sponge, originally described from 
<collectingCountry id="6AF9ECA5534AFFC3FD33FE31FCC2FE7A" box="[702,868,484,510]" name="New Zealand" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534AFFC3FCF1FE31FBEFFE7A" author="Brondsted" box="[892,1097,484,510]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" refString="Brondsted, H. V. (1924) Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 16. XXIII. Sponges from New Zealand. Part VI. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk" type="book chapter" year="1924">Brøndsted, 1924</bibRefCitation>
as 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FB0CFE31FA84FE79" ID-CoL="84RG7" box="[1153,1314,484,509]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Pachychalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FB0CFE31FA84FE79" box="[1153,1314,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Pachychalina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534AFFC3FE85FDD9FD90FDA2" author="Bergquist" box="[264,566,524,550]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" refString="Bergquist, P. R. &amp; Warne, K. P. (1980) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Porifera, Demospongiae, Part 3 (Haplosclerida and Nepheliospongida). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 87, 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="1980">Bergquist &amp; Warne, 1980</bibRefCitation>
as 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FDD0FDD9FD5FFDA1" ID-CoL="84M39" box="[605,761,524,549]" class="Demospongiae" family="Callyspongiidae" genus="Callyspongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FDD0FDD9FD5FFDA1" box="[605,761,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Callyspongia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The spicules fall just within the size variation of our new species (105–115 µm but are much thicker: 6–7 µm). However, the colour is described as ‘straw­coloured’ or ‘golden’ and the skeleton (Desqueyroux, 1984: figs 43–45) appears close to that of 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FD03FD51FC8CFD19" ID-CoL="84M39" box="[654,810,644,669]" class="Demospongiae" family="Callyspongiidae" genus="Callyspongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FD03FD51FC8CFD19" box="[654,810,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Callyspongia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FCB0FD51FB88FD19" ID-CoL="D3PJ" box="[829,1070,644,669]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FCB0FD51FB88FD19" box="[829,1070,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Amphimedon viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sensu Desqueyroux­ 
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534AFFC3FE85FD79FE1EFD42" author="Faundez" box="[264,440,684,710]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" refString="Desqueyroux- Faundez, R. (1984) Description de la faune des Haplosclerida (Porifera) de la Nouvelle Caledonie. 1. Niphatidae Callyspongiidae. Revue Suisse De Zoologie, 91 (3), 765 - 827." type="journal article" year="1984">Faundez, 1984</bibRefCitation>
(not: 
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534AFFC3FD88FD79FC29FD42" author="Duchassaing" box="[517,911,684,710]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" refString="Duchassaing, D. F., P. &amp; Michelotti, G. (1864) Spongiaires de la mer Caraibe. Natuurkundige Verhandelingen, Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen, Haarlem, (2) 21 (3), 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1864">Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864</bibRefCitation>
) is very probably the same green species as 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FE09FD01FD46FD6A" ID-CoL="D3NW" authority="Fromont, 1993" authorityName="Fromont" authorityYear="1993" box="[388,736,724,750]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="paraviridis">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FE09FD01FD80FD69" box="[388,550,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">A. paraviridis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534AFFC3FDA3FD01FD46FD6A" author="Fromont" box="[558,736,724,750]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" refString="Fromont, J. (1993) Descriptions of species of the Haplosclerida (Porifera: Demospongiae) occurring in tropical waters of the Great Barrier Reef. The Beagle, Records of the Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences, 10 (1), 7 - 40." type="journal article" year="1993">Fromont, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1251AC35534AFFC3FEB5FD29FC18FAC2" blockId="5.[264,1323,284,1350]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
Apart from several of the species mentioned above (
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FC35FD29FBF8FC91" ID-CoL="D3NW" box="[952,1118,764,789]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="paraviridis">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FC35FD29FBF8FC91" box="[952,1118,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">A. paraviridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FBFCFD29FB45FC91" box="[1137,1251,764,789]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FBFCFD29FB45FC91" box="[1137,1251,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">A. conica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), two further 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FEE8FCF1FDA6FCB9" ID-CoL="84LCJ" box="[357,512,804,829]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FEE8FCF1FDA6FCB9" box="[357,512,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Amphimedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species have been reported from 
<collectingCountry id="6AF9ECA5534AFFC3FC21FCF1FB84FCBA" box="[940,1058,804,830]" name="Indonesia" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
: a recently described 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FE85FC99FCA7FCE2" ID-CoL="D3N4" authority="De Voogd, 2003" authorityName="De Voogd" authorityYear="2003" box="[264,769,844,870]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="denhartogi">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FE85FC99FD88FCE1" box="[264,558,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Amphimedon denhartogi</emphasis>
De 
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534AFFC3FDEBFC99FCA7FCE2" author="Voogd" box="[614,769,844,870]" pageId="5" pageNumber="39" refString="Voogd, N. J. De (2003). Amphimedon denhartogi spec. nov. (Porifera: Haplosclerida) from deep reef habitats in Indonesia. Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 345, 413 - 418." type="journal article" year="2003">Voogd, 2003</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, which has clearly different shape (lamellate) and spicules (strongyles), and the ill­known 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FC9FFCA1FB52FC0A" authority="Kieschnick, 1898" authorityName="Kieschnick" authorityYear="1898" box="[786,1268,884,910]" class="Demospongiae" family="Callyspongiidae" genus="Phylosiphonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="elastica">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FC9FFCA1FBB8FC09" box="[786,1054,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Phylosiphonia elastica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534AFFC3FBABFCA1FB52FC0A" author="Kieschnick" box="[1062,1268,884,910]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" refString="Kieschnick, O. (1898) Die Kieselschwamme von Amboina. Inaugural Dissertation, Jena, 1 - 66." type="book chapter" year="1898">Kieschnick, 1898</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(not to be confused with 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FD96FC49FC68FC32" authority="Kieschnick, 1898" authorityName="Kieschnick" authorityYear="1898" box="[539,974,924,950]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Chalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="elastica">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FD96FC49FD42FC31" box="[539,740,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Chalina elastica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534AFFC3FD78FC49FC68FC32" author="Kieschnick" box="[757,974,924,950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" refString="Kieschnick, O. (1898) Die Kieselschwamme von Amboina. Inaugural Dissertation, Jena, 1 - 66." type="book chapter" year="1898">Kieschnick, 1898</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, which is a 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FBF0FC49FABFFC31" ID-CoL="84M39" box="[1149,1305,924,949]" class="Demospongiae" family="Callyspongiidae" genus="Callyspongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FBF0FC49FABFFC31" box="[1149,1305,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Callyspongia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Although some clear differences with our new species can be derived from Kieschnick’s (1898, 1900) description, such as the habit (a single tube) and the paucity of spicules in the fibres, there are nevertheless several points in common: it has a wide oscule (
<quantity id="D51601D0534AFFC3FB59FBC1FA8DFBAA" box="[1236,1323,1044,1070]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
diameter), a shiny surface, and spicules 90–100 µm long. The shape of the spicules, however, appears to differ as Kieschnick describes them as strongyle­like with abrupt points. Live colouration is unknown for this species. One related species in 
<collectingCountry id="6AF9ECA5534AFFC3FB34FB59FA8DFB22" box="[1209,1323,1164,1190]" name="Indonesia" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FE9FFB61FC36FB4A" ID-CoL="PWNJ" authority="De Voogd (2004)" authorityName="De Voogd" authorityYear="2004" box="[274,912,1204,1230]" class="Demospongiae" family="Callyspongiidae" genus="Callyspongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="biru" subGenus="Euplacella">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FE9FFB61FD3EFB49" box="[274,664,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Callyspongia (Euplacella) biru</emphasis>
De 
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534AFFC3FD6DFB61FC36FB4A" author="Voogd" box="[736,912,1204,1230]" pageId="5" pageNumber="39" refString="Voogd, N. J. De (2004). Callyspongia (Euplacella) biru spec. nov. (Porifera: Demospongiae: Haplosclerida) from Indonesia. Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden, 78, 477 - 483." type="journal article" year="2004">Voogd (2004)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, producing interesting chemical compounds, see De 
<bibRefCitation id="767FD1C4534AFFC3FE7FFB09FD67FB72" author="Voogd" box="[498,705,1244,1270]" pageId="5" pageNumber="39" refString="Voogd, N. J. De, Haftka, J. J. H. &amp; Hoeksema, B. W. (2005). Evaluation of the ecological function of amphitoxin in the reef-dwelling sponge Callyspongia (Euplacella) biru (Haplosclerida: Callyspongiidae) at Southwest Sulawesi, Indonesia. Contributions to Zoology, 74 (1 / 2), 51 - 59." type="journal article" year="2005">
Voogd 
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FDC8FB09FDD9FB71" box="[581,639,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
) needs to be mentioned: it shares the blue colour and short spicules (74–89 µm) with our new species. However, the callyspongiid surface skeleton and the ramose shape serve to distinguish the two.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5AF4FFBE534AFFC3FE85FAA9FD7DF952" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" type="description">
<paragraph id="1251AC35534AFFC3FE85FAA9FEC4FA11" blockId="5.[264,1324,1404,1750]" box="[264,354,1404,1429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FE85FAA9FEC4FA11" box="[264,354,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Habitat</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1251AC35534AFFC3FEB5FA71FD7DF952" blockId="5.[264,1324,1404,1750]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
At Shark Bay on Heron Island specimens were seen mostly under boulders and crevices, sides and tops of rubble, in sandy patches surrounded by coral rubble, dominated by algae (
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FE0EFA21FDA5F989" box="[387,515,1524,1549]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Sargassum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Heterokontophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FE0EFA21FDA5F989" box="[387,515,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Sargassum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="D5EED7B6534AFFC3FDCFFA21FD31F989" box="[578,663,1524,1549]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Dictyotaceae" genus="Padina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dictyotales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Heterokontophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FDCFFA21FD31F989" box="[578,663,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Padina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). On the northern crest of One Tree Island specimens were found on the shallow subtidal reef flat and intertidal reef crest, on large pieces of coral rubble in shallow water (&lt;
<quantity id="D51601D0534AFFC3FD02F991FD7FF9DA" box="[655,729,1604,1630]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" unit="cm" value="50.0">50 cm</quantity>
depth at low tide) or on the hard algal pavement. Habitat is mostly sandy with patches of coral rubble. On the eastern crest of One Tree Island sponges were found on rubble plates on a hard algal pavement that becomes completely drained of water at low tide.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5AF4FFBE534AFFC3FE85F8D9FAA0F8CA" box="[264,1286,1804,1870]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="1251AC35534AFFC3FE85F8D9FE31F8A1" blockId="5.[264,1286,1804,1870]" box="[264,407,1804,1829]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="209A7027534AFFC3FE85F8D9FE31F8A1" box="[264,407,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1251AC35534AFFC3FEB5F8E1FAA0F8CA" blockId="5.[264,1286,1804,1870]" box="[312,1286,1844,1870]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">So far known only from the Capricorn­Bunker Group, southern Great Barrier Reef.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>