199 lines
24 KiB
XML
199 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="460134A0C1808D7E1BD9DDBC1FEABFE4" ID-CLB-Dataset="56755" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FFAB6A15FA5B91961B2FBD14" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Scotorepens balstoni Thomas 1906" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="839" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="838" updateTime="1718993610009" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:mods id="C9E68C4A93C3B69DF978DF6C6B497243" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="44DE45897AE6AD0E1477A1A6BD890656">
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<mods:title id="A8316AE48AFB40768F0444923891B505">Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="75D799DA1F6D5C9736683002373BF08A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="76BBC11F15C4478293712CE0EF3A5B0B">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="592E009F9BB517B2838BB4142140DD98">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1DAAD20228941004D6754FFC3CE2E0B6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="9AE02CDCA1BDE04E6453DD16D35B95D2">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="1236F8E73DE27F5946FFE6EC1229D03D" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="B5B5F05C1857CF3075CDA13C5500DCFE">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place id="3A3DDEA918EA08D065B165A9807FBCA8">
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<mods:placeTerm id="17E54B57DF748F7435009E8E31BFBEB6">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="BC284A4891E40143B62CDA4831346C88">
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<mods:title id="8CB9487F0E49B753AE03B405FB45C574">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="3CB8FA25A6EAAFCFF035F968A2C85A75">
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<mods:start id="065980E092058869D544C6E56710329B">716</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="B77EB8D9CB80A36FC0E55D33354EFEA8">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2FE27B3C4B434B16482DCF3A22BE4267" type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4C3D87E8FFAB6A15FA5B91961B2FBD14" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6403541" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628472" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6403541" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FFAB6A15FA5B91961B2FBD14" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FFAB6A15FA5B91961B2FBD14" lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="839" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFAB6A14FA5B91961BF7BCCF" box="[1447,1527,1999,2045]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFAB6A14FA5B91961BF7BCCF" blockId="80.[1443,2485,1999,2124]" box="[1447,1527,1999,2045]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">
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<heading id="9F638192FFAB6A14FA5B91961BF7BCCF" box="[1447,1527,1999,2045]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">
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<figureCitation id="5CAF2A7BFFAB6A14FA5B91961BF7BCCF" box="[1447,1527,1999,2045]" captionStart="Plate 61: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="73.[138,158,3293,3335]" captionTargetBox="[12,2750,17,3657]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="144. Variegated Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris variegata), 145. Machado’s Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris machadoi), 146. Glen's Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris gleni), 147. Pied Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris superba), 148. Common Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris argentata), 149. Bibundi Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris egeria), 150. Abo Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris poensts), 151. Striped Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris alboguttata), 152. Beatrix’s Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris beatrix), 153. Curry’s Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris curryae), 154. Spotted Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris humeralis), 155. Blackish Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris atra), 156. Kenyan Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris kenyacola), 157. Doria’s False Serotine (Hesperoptenus doriae), 158. Tickell’s False Serotine (Hesperoptenus tickelli), 159. Blanford’s False Serotine (Hesperoptenus blanfordi), 160. Large False Serotine (Hesperoptenus tomesi), 161. Gaskell’s False Serotine (Hesperoptenus gaskelli), 162. Great Evening Bat (Ia io), 163. Harlequin Bat (Scotomanes ornatus), 164. Ruppell’s Broad-nosed Bat (Scoteanax rueppellii), 165. Northern Broad-nosed Bat (Scotorepens sanborni), 166. Little Broad-nosed Bat (Scotorepens greyii), 167. Inland Broad-nosed Bat (Scotorepens balstoni), 168. Eastern Broad-nosed Bat (Scotorepens orion), 169. Silver-haired Bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398521" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398521/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">167.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFAB6A14F9F4919619FBBCCF" box="[1544,2043,1999,2045]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFAB6A14F9F4919619FBBCCF" blockId="80.[1443,2485,1999,2124]" box="[1544,2043,1999,2045]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">
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<heading id="9F638192FFAB6A14F9F4919619FBBCCF" box="[1544,2043,1999,2045]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">
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||
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFAB6A14F9F4919619FBBCCF" ID-CoL="4VY9W" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1906" box="[1544,2043,1999,2045]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotorepens" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balstoni">Inland Broad-nosed Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFAB6A14F7BC9196179CBCCF" box="[2112,2460,1999,2045]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFAB6A14F7BC9196179CBCCF" blockId="80.[1443,2485,1999,2124]" box="[2112,2460,1999,2045]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">
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<heading id="9F638192FFAB6A14F7BC9196179CBCCF" box="[2112,2460,1999,2045]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFAB6A14F7BC9196179CBCCF" ID-CoL="4VY9W" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1906" box="[2112,2460,1999,2045]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotorepens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balstoni">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFAB6A14F7BC9196179CBCCF" box="[2112,2460,1999,2045]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">Scotorepens balstoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFAB6A14FA589E5619A6B37E" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFAB6A14FA589E5617B4B316" blockId="80.[1443,2485,1999,2124]" box="[1444,2484,2063,2084]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">
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<heading id="9F638192FFAB6A14FA589E5617B4B316" box="[1444,2484,2063,2084]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFAB6A14FA589E561BEFB316" bold="true" box="[1444,1519,2063,2084]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFAB6A14FA059E5618BCB316" ID-CoL="4VY9W" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1906" box="[1529,1724,2063,2084]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotorepens" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balstoni">Sérotine de Balston</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFAB6A14F92E9E56192CB316" bold="true" box="[1746,1836,2063,2084]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFAB6A14F8CA9E561663B316" ID-CoL="4VY9W" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1906" box="[1846,2147,2063,2084]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotorepens" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balstoni">Balston-Breitnasenfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFAB6A14F7849E5616D4B316" bold="true" box="[2168,2260,2063,2084]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFAB6A14F7219E5617B4B316" ID-CoL="4VY9W" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1906" box="[2269,2484,2063,2084]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotorepens" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balstoni">Scotorepo de Balston</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFAB6A14FA589E6E19A6B37E" blockId="80.[1443,2485,1999,2124]" box="[1444,1958,2103,2124]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">
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<heading id="9F638192FFAB6A14FA589E6E19A6B37E" box="[1444,1958,2103,2124]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFAB6A14FA589E6E189BB37E" bold="true" box="[1444,1691,2103,2124]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFAB6A14F95D9E6E19A6B37E" ID-CoL="4VY9W" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1906" box="[1697,1958,2103,2124]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotorepens" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balstoni">
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\
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFAB6A14F9549E6E19A6B37E" ID-CoL="4VY9W" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1906" box="[1704,1958,2103,2124]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotorepens" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balstoni">Western Broad-nosed Bat</vernacularName>
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</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFAB6A14F7F49E241652B3F3" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFAB6A14F7F49E241652B3F3" blockId="80.[2055,2650,2173,2597]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFAB6A14F7F49E2416A3B3A8" bold="true" box="[2056,2211,2173,2202]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFAB6A14F7349E24164DB3F3" ID-CoL="8LGVV" authority="Thomas, 1906" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1906" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scoteinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balstoni">Scoteinus balstoni Thomas, 1906</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFAB6A14F7A29EF117D3B3F3" box="[2142,2515,2216,2241]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFAB6A14F7A29EF117D3B3F3" blockId="80.[2055,2650,2173,2597]" box="[2142,2515,2216,2241]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">
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<materialsCitation id="74FC3CA3FFAB6A14F7A29EF117D3B3F3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319573" box="[2142,2515,2216,2241]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">
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“Laverton, West
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFAB6A14F6BE9EF117C4B3F3" box="[2370,2500,2216,2241]" name="Australia" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">Australia</collectingCountry>
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.”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFAB6A14F7F49E9E16F3B2B4" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFAB6A14F7F49E9E16F3B2B4" blockId="80.[2055,2650,2173,2597]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">
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Two subspecies of S. balston: are normally recognized (
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFAB6A14F7459EAA171FB222" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1906" box="[2233,2335,2291,2320]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotorepens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balstoni">balstoni</taxonomicName>
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and influatus), but no subspecies are recognized here, although S.
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFAB6A14F7D29F1B1690B26D" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1906" box="[2094,2192,2370,2399]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotorepens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balstoni">balstoni</taxonomicName>
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might represent a species complex. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFAB6A14F7F49FD41679B2CF" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" type="distribution">
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<caption id="90EB6676FFAB6A14F7F49FD41679B2CF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398132" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398132" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398132/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" targetBox="[1441,2033,2182,2596]" targetPageId="80">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFAB6A14F7F49FD41679B2CF" blockId="80.[2055,2650,2173,2597]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">
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||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFAB6A14F7F49FD416B8B29C" bold="true" box="[2056,2232,2445,2478]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Most of
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFAB6A14F6B49FD417C5B29C" box="[2376,2501,2445,2478]" name="Australia" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">Australia</collectingCountry>
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except N
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFAB6A14F7FB9FE41686B2E4" box="[2055,2182,2493,2518]" name="Australia" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">Australia</collectingCountry>
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, Cape York Peninsula, and E & S coasts.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFAB6A14F7F49C5D1444B6BB" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFAB6A14F7F49C5D1444B6BB" blockId="80.[2055,2650,2173,2597]" lastBlockId="80.[1443,2650,2607,3465]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFAB6A14F7F49C5D171CB117" bold="true" box="[2056,2332,2564,2597]" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 42.2-59-7 mm, tail 29-41-7 mm, ear 10-7-14-1 mm, forearm 32—40-5 mm; weight 6-3-14 g. Forearm size increases from west to east and from south to north. There is a larger form in northern inland
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFAB6A14F9569C231951B1A9" box="[1706,1873,2682,2715]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">Queensland</collectingRegion>
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(previously known as subspecies influatus). Dorsal pelage ranges from dark brown to pale sandy (most commonly light grayish brown; hairs markedly bicolored with pale bases); ventral pelage is lighter (most commonly pale brown). Ears are relatively slender and subtriangular, anterior edge being smoothly convex with rounded tip; tragus is evenly curved upward, with concave anterior edge, moderately convex posterior edge, and rounded tip. Muzzle is broad, with square shape and inflated glands on either side; nostrils are simple and rounded, diverging from one another. Bare parts offace, ears, and membranes are dark brown. Wings attach at base offifth toe, and uropatagium extends from long calcar to tail tip; calcar stretches about halfway to tail and has small calcaneal lobe. Glans penis has up to 22 spines on head, mainly in two long rows. Baculum is short (2-4-3 mm), with relatively robust shaft that is straight in lateral view; distal head is bifurcated, with two short narrow prongs behind which shaft enlarges into moderately wide lateral flanges; base is broad, and posterior edge is square in line with shaft. Skull is moderately elongated, with relatively narrow rostrum; cranium is flattened in that lateral profile rises only slightly against that of rostrum;sagittal and lambdoidal crests are moderately developed, forming moderate occipital helmet; anterior palatal notch is semicircular, usually ending at mid-point of P* (occasionally to posterior edge of C'); I* is unicuspid and does not touch C'; P* is one-halfto two-thirds the height of C' and touchesit; lower incisors are tricuspid; and P,is small and less than one-half the height of P,. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 30 and FN =
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<quantity id="036C9B1BFFAB6A14F6F99B311748B6BB" box="[2309,2376,3432,3465]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2192" pageId="80" pageNumber="838" unit="in" value="48.0">48 in</quantity>
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFAB6A14F6AD9B311440B6BB" box="[2385,2624,3432,3465]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="80" pageNumber="838">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFAA6A15FF8397461D5BBAB4" pageId="81" pageNumber="839" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFAA6A15FF8397461D5BBAB4" blockId="81.[119,1331,287,1578]" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFAA6A15FF8397461EEEBA0A" bold="true" box="[127,238,287,312]" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Arid and semiarid habitats throughout inland
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFAA6A15FC6C97461A0FBA0A" box="[912,1039,287,312]" name="Australia" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, often in association with water, along river red gum lined waterways, open woodlands, shrublands, mallee, and grasslands at elevations of 40-480 m in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFAA6A15FD19973C1D57BAB4" box="[741,855,357,390]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">Victoria</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFAA6A15FF8397D51AECB941" pageId="81" pageNumber="839" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFAA6A15FF8397D51AECB941" blockId="81.[119,1331,287,1578]" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFAA6A15FF8397D51F8BBA9F" bold="true" box="[127,395,396,429]" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Insectivorous. Stomachs from northern parts of the distribution contained cockroaches, termites, crickets, cicadas, bugs, beetles,flies, moths, and ants. In
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFAA6A15FF5B97B91F18BACF" box="[167,280,480,509]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">Victoria</collectingRegion>
|
||
, diets contained mostly beetles (45% by volume), ants, bugs, moths,flies, and grasshoppers. Foraging is achieved using echolocation in continuousflight c.
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFFAA6A15FB10945A1B32B916" box="[1260,1330,515,548]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="81" pageNumber="839" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
|
||
aboveground, with rapid diversions to pursue prey. Foraging mainly occurs between trees, not above tree canopies, and at edges of forests, venturing into open areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFAA6A15FF8294201B08B89C" pageId="81" pageNumber="839" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFAA6A15FF8294201B08B89C" blockId="81.[119,1331,287,1578]" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFAA6A15FF8294201F03B9A8" bold="true" box="[126,259,633,666]" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
In the southern distribution, Inland Broad-nosed Bats mate in April-May, with one young or twins born in mid-November. In northern distributional areas, mating occurs in September, often with twins born, sometimestriplets. Young are well developed and withoutfur at birth. They use recurved milk teeth to secure themselves to their mothers. Young remain attached to the mother until they are c.10 days old and are vocal when not suckling. By this stage, they weigh c.
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFFAA6A15FCB495671D74B86D" box="[840,884,830,863]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.0" pageId="81" pageNumber="839" unit="g" value="4.0">4 g</quantity>
|
||
and are left behind in the roost when their mothers forage at night. Eyes open and fur grows by the time they are 15 days old. After 30 days, they exercise their wings and then go on to forage independently.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFAA6A15FF8095ED1B07BE23" pageId="81" pageNumber="839" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFAA6A15FF8095ED1B07BE23" blockId="81.[119,1331,287,1578]" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFAA6A15FF8095ED1F64B8E7" bold="true" box="[124,356,948,981]" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Inland Broad-nosed Bats roost in tree hollows and roofs of buildings and under metal caps of power poles during the day and forage over woodlands and water at night. They start foraging earlier than most other species of bats, usually beginning just at dusk. Flight speeds are 12-21 km/h. Flight efficiency results from a streamlined head, silky fur texture, and small maneuver-enhancing shaped ears. They can enter torpor during the day to conserve energy. In
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFAA6A15FD4292231DAEBFA9" box="[702,942,1146,1179]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
|
||
, they entered torpor during 70-6% of days for c.7 hours/day, and 29-4% of individuals rewarmed daily using entirely passive rewarming. Call shape is steep FM/QCF sweep, with characteristic frequencies recorded at 34-1-38-7 kHz in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFAA6A15FDE592A91D0DBE23" box="[537,781,1264,1297]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
|
||
and 28-34 kHz in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFAA6A15FBEE92A91B03BE23" box="[1042,1283,1264,1297]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFAA6A15FF81934E1D0CBEB5" pageId="81" pageNumber="839" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFAA6A15FF81934E1D0CBEB5" blockId="81.[119,1331,287,1578]" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFAA6A15FF81934E1D48BE0A" bold="true" box="[125,840,1303,1336]" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Inland Broad-nosed Bats roost in colonies of up to 45 individuals. They have been recorded sharing tree hollows and house roosts with free-tailed bats (Ozimops sp.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFAA6A15FF8193D41A97BE9C" box="[125,1175,1421,1454]" pageId="81" pageNumber="839" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFAA6A15FF8193D41A97BE9C" blockId="81.[119,1331,287,1578]" box="[125,1175,1421,1454]" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFAA6A15FF8193D41FDABE9C" bold="true" box="[125,474,1421,1454]" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFAA6A15FF8193E71B2FBD14" pageId="81" pageNumber="839" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFAA6A15FF8193E71B2FBD14" blockId="81.[119,1331,287,1578]" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFAA6A15FF8193E71F15BEE5" bold="true" box="[125,277,1470,1495]" pageId="81" pageNumber="839">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Baverstock et al. (1987), Bondarenco et al. (2016), Bullen & McKenzie (2009), Burbidge et al. (2014), Churchill (2008), Kitchener & Caputi (1985), Lumsden & Bennet (1995), Menkhorst (1996), Parnaby (2008b), Pennay & Lumsden (2008c), Reardon & Flavel (1991), Richards & Hall (2012), Volleth &Tidemann (1991).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |