233 lines
32 KiB
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233 lines
32 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="223A96315E40C9C09B3C5660E9B855E0">Revision and phylogeny of the genus Balgus Fleutiaux, 1920 (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Thylacosterninae)</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="67B6CFB3B36E7178C513CDB9DBCCE28A">2016</mods:date>
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<treatment id="407D87AEC8244428DFB3FD5B60962AE2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6084381" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137307616" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6084381" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:407D87AEC8244428DFB3FD5B60962AE2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/407D87AEC8244428DFB3FD5B60962AE2" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="455" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
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<subSubSection id="80CE6533C824442FDFB3FD5B62392B8F" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C86B36B8C824442FDFB3FD5B62A42BE0" blockId="3.[151,435,652,712]" box="[151,435,652,679]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
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<heading id="932381D4C824442FDFB3FD5B62A42BE0" bold="true" box="[151,435,652,679]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="0FD44D3BC824442FDFB3FD5B62A42BE0" authority="Fleutiaux, 1920" authorityName="Eschscholtzi Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,435,652,679]" class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Balgus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC824442FDFB3FD5B62A42BE0" bold="true" box="[151,435,652,679]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
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<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC824442FDFB3FD5B63FB2BE1" bold="true" box="[151,236,652,678]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Balgus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="AC454B49C824442FDFD7FD5A62A42BE0" author="Fleutiaux" box="[243,435,653,679]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" refString="Fleutiaux, E. (1920) Etudes sur les Melasidae (Coleoptera Serricornia), Premiere partie. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 60, 93 - 104." type="journal article" year="1920">Fleutiaux, 1920</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C86B36B8C824442FDFB3FD7862392B8F" blockId="3.[151,435,652,712]" box="[151,302,687,712]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
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(
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<figureCitation id="50EF2A3DC824442FDFBAFD7862312B8F" box="[158,294,687,712]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStart-6="FIGURE 7" captionStart-7="FIGURE 8" captionStart-8="FIGURE 9" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1612,1634]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1068,1090]" captionStartId-2="7.[151,250,1224,1246]" captionStartId-3="8.[151,250,1350,1372]" captionStartId-4="10.[151,250,1296,1318]" captionStartId-5="12.[151,250,1687,1709]" captionStartId-6="13.[151,250,976,998]" captionStartId-7="16.[151,250,1853,1875]" captionStartId-8="18.[151,250,1540,1562]" captionTargetBox-0="[182,1404,1071,1586]" captionTargetBox-1="[174,1403,326,1045]" captionTargetBox-2="[258,1326,482,1202]" captionTargetBox-3="[152,1425,194,1328]" captionTargetBox-4="[191,1401,554,1273]" captionTargetBox-5="[176,1410,869,1664]" captionTargetBox-6="[157,1427,199,953]" captionTargetBox-7="[152,1430,1061,1831]" captionTargetBox-8="[193,1383,266,1517]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[173,1413,1070,1587]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[173,1414,325,1046]" captionTargetId-2="figure@7.[252,1334,481,1203]" captionTargetId-3="figure@8.[151,1435,193,1329]" captionTargetId-4="figure@10.[185,1402,553,1274]" captionTargetId-5="figure@12.[169,1418,865,1665]" captionTargetId-6="figure@13.[151,1435,195,954]" captionTargetId-7="figure@16.[151,1435,1060,1832]" captionTargetId-8="figure@18.[189,1398,265,1518]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionTargetPageId-4="10" captionTargetPageId-5="12" captionTargetPageId-6="13" captionTargetPageId-7="16" captionTargetPageId-8="18" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Balgus tuberculosus (Dalman, 1823), pronotum showing tubercles and names, dorsal view." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Balgus albofasciatus (Bonvouloir, 1875): A) habitus, dorsal view; B) habitus, ventral view; C) habitus, lateral view; D) head, frontal view; E) pronotum, lateral view; F) pronotum and elytra, dorsal view; G) female genitalia, dorsal view, apex oriented to the bottom of the page; H) ventrite 5, ventral view. Genitalia scales: 0.5 mm, other scales: 2 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Balgus eganensis (Bonvouloir, 1875): A) habitus, dorsal view; B) habitus, ventral view; C) habitus, lateral view; D) head, frontal view; E) ventrite 5, ventral view; F) pronotum and elytra, dorsal view. Scales: 2 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Balgus eschscholtzi (Laporte, 1835): A) habitus, dorsal view; B) habitus, ventral view; C) habitus, lateral view; D) head, frontal view; E) ventrite 5, ventral view; F) pronotum and elytra, dorsal view; G) female genitalia, dorsal view, apex oriented to the bottom of the page; G) aedeagus, dorsal view; H) aedeagus, lateral view; I) aedeagus, ventral view. The genitalia apex oriented to the bottom of the page. Genitalia scales: 0.5 mm, other scales: 2 mm." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Balgus humilis (Bonvouloir, 1875): A) habitus, dorsal view; B) habitus, ventral view; C) habitus, lateral view; D) head, frontal view; E) ventrite 5, ventral view; F) pronotum and elytra, dorsal view; G) female genitalia, dorsal view, apex oriented to the bottom of the page, apex damaged. Genitalia scales: 0.5 mm, other scales: 2 mm." captionText-5="FIGURE 6. Balgus obconicus (Bonvouloir, 1875): A) habitus, dorsal view; B) habitus, ventral view; C) habitus, lateral view; D) head, frontal view; E) ventrite 5, ventral view; F) pronotum and elytra, dorsal view. Scales: 2 mm." captionText-6="FIGURE 7. Balgus rugosus (Blanchard, 1843): A) habitus, dorsal view; B) habitus, ventral view; C) habitus, lateral view; D) head, frontal view; E) ventrite 5, ventral view; F) pronotum and elytra, dorsal view; G) female genitalia, dorsal view, apex oriented to the bottom of the page. Genitalia scales: 0.5 mm, other scales: 2 mm." captionText-7="FIGURE 8. Balgus schnusei (Heller, 1914): A) habitus, dorsal view; B) habitus, ventral view; C) habitus, lateral view; D) head, frontal view; E) ventrite 5, ventral view; F) pronotum and elytra, dorsal view; G) female genitalia, dorsal view, apex oriented to the bottom of the page. Genitalia scales: 0.5 mm, other scales: 2 mm." captionText-8="FIGURE 9. Balgus tuberculosus (Dalman, 1823): A) habitus, dorsal view; B) habitus, ventral view; C) habitus, lateral view; D) head, frontal view; E) ventrite 5, ventral view; F) pronotum and elytra, dorsal view; G) female genitalia, dorsal view, apex oriented to the bottom of the page; G) aedeagus, dorsal view; H) aedeagus, lateral view; I) aedeagus, ventral view. The genitalia apex oriented to the bottom of the page. Genitalia scales: 0.5 mm, other scales: 2 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1051656/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1051660/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/1051662/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/1051664/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/1051666/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/1051668/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/1051670/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/1051672/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/1051674/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Figures 1–9</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="80CE6533C824442FDFB3FD2F60B12A49" box="[151,934,760,782]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C86B36B8C824442FDFB3FD2F60B12A49" blockId="3.[151,1436,760,874]" box="[151,934,760,782]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
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[=subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="0FD44D3BC824442FDE36FD2E60162A49" authority="(Pterotarsus) Bonvouloir, 1875: 830" authorityName="Bonvouloir" authorityPageNumber="830" authorityYear="1875" baseAuthorityName="Pterotarsus" box="[274,769,760,782]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Pterotarsus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pterotarsus">
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<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC824442FDE36FD2E62902A49" box="[274,391,761,782]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Pterotarsus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC824442FDEB2FD2E611C2A49" box="[406,523,761,782]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Pterotarsus</emphasis>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="AC454B49C824442FDD3EFD2F61D82A49" author="Bonvouloir" box="[538,719,760,782]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" refString="Bonvouloir, H. (1875) Monographie de la Famille des Eucnemides (parts 3 & 4). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, Sereis 4, 10, 561 - 907." type="journal article" year="1875">Bonvouloir, 1875</bibRefCitation>
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: 830
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</taxonomicName>
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, 831, 832, 833].
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="80CE6533C824442FDFB3FCC161682A0C" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C86B36B8C824442FDFB3FCC161682A0C" blockId="3.[151,1436,760,874]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="E8C41196C824442FDFB3FCC161682A0C" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
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<taxonomicName id="0FD44D3BC824442FDFB3FCC162B72A6B" authority="Fletiaux, 1920: 95" authorityName="Eschscholtzi Fleutiaux" authorityPageNumber="95" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,416,790,812]" class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Balgus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC824442FDFB3FCC163CA2A6B" box="[151,221,790,812]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Balgus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="497510A9C824442FDFC0FCC162B72A6B" author="Fletiaux" box="[228,416,790,812]" page="95" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" year="1920">
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<bibRefCitation id="AC454B49C824442FDFC0FCC1626D2A6B" author="Fletiaux" box="[228,378,790,812]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" refString="Fleutiaux, E. (1920) Etudes sur les Melasidae (Coleoptera Serricornia), Premiere partie. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 60, 93 - 104." type="journal article" year="1920">Fletiaux, 1920</bibRefCitation>
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: 95
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 97, 98 (original description);
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<treatmentCitation id="497510A9C824442FDDF3FCC160B52A6B" author="Schenkling" box="[727,930,790,812]" page="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" year="1928">
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<bibRefCitation id="AC454B49C824442FDDF3FCC1609B2A6B" author="Schenkling" box="[727,908,790,812]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" refString="Schenkling, S. (1928) Melasidae. Pars 96. In: Schenkling, S. (Eds.), Coleopterorum Catalogus auspiciis et auxilio. W. Junk., Berlin, pp. 1 - 110." type="book chapter" year="1928">Schenkling, 1928</bibRefCitation>
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: 7
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</treatmentCitation>
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(catalogue);
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<treatmentCitation id="497510A9C824442FDB0DFCC1660B2A6B" author="Blackwelder" box="[1065,1308,790,812]" page="275" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" year="1944">
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<bibRefCitation id="AC454B49C824442FDB0DFCC167FB2A6B" author="Blackwelder" box="[1065,1260,790,812]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" refString="Blackwelder, R. E. (1944) Check List of the Coleopterous Insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. Bulletin United States National Museum, 185 (2), 275 - 276." type="journal article" year="1944">Blackwelder, 1944</bibRefCitation>
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: 275
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</treatmentCitation>
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(catalogue);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="497510A9C824442FDFE3FCE262E82A0C" author="Chassain" box="[199,511,821,843]" page="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" year="2010">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AC454B49C824442FDFE3FCE262CA2A0C" author="Chassain" box="[199,477,821,843]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" refString="Chassain, J. & Touroult, J. (2010) Les Elaterides de Guyane (Coleoptera, Elateridae). Le Coleopteriste: Coleopteres de Guyane, 2, 14 - 30." type="journal article" year="2010">Chassain & Touroult, 2010</bibRefCitation>
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: 21
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</treatmentCitation>
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(catalogue).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="80CE6533C824442FDFB3FC8360D22A2D" box="[151,965,852,874]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C86B36B8C824442FDFB3FC8360D22A2D" blockId="3.[151,1436,760,874]" box="[151,965,852,874]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
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<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC824442FDFB3FC8362312A2D" bold="true" box="[151,294,852,874]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Type species:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="0FD44D3BC824442FDE0FFC8361982A2D" authority="Dalman, 1823" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1823" box="[299,655,852,874]" class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Melasis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">
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<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC824442FDE0FFC8362E02A2D" box="[299,503,852,874]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Melasis tuberculosa</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="AC454B49C824442FDED9FC8361982A2D" author="Dalman" box="[509,655,852,874]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" refString="Dalman, J. W. (1823) Analecta entomologica. Typis Lindhianis, Holmiae, 104 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 66069" type="book" year="1823">Dalman, 1823</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="AC454B49C824442FDDBDFC8360542A2D" author="Fleutiaux" box="[665,835,852,874]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" refString="Fleutiaux, E. (1920) Etudes sur les Melasidae (Coleoptera Serricornia), Premiere partie. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 60, 93 - 104." type="journal article" year="1920">Fleutiaux (1920)</bibRefCitation>
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designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="80CE6533C824442FDFB3FC4160502AB1" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="C86B36B8C824442FDFB3FC4160502AB1" blockId="3.[151,1436,918,1015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
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||
<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC824442FDFB3FC4162062AE8" bold="true" box="[151,273,918,943]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Pronotal tubercles present (
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||
<figureCitation id="50EF2A3DC824442FDD71FC4161A02AE8" box="[597,695,918,943]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1612,1634]" captionTargetBox="[182,1404,1071,1586]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1413,1070,1587]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Balgus tuberculosus (Dalman, 1823), pronotum showing tubercles and names, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1051656/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Figure 1</figureCitation>
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); elytra entirely covered with tubercles, tubercles only on basal region or without tubercles; antennal pocket deep, located mesally on hypomeron, following notosternal suture; tarsomeres 2–4 with elongate ventral lobes, and yellow setae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="9CAB6630C824442FDFB3F99B67A42F25" box="[151,1203,1612,1634]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1051656/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" targetBox="[182,1404,1071,1586]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="C86B36B8C824442FDFB3F99B67A42F25" blockId="3.[151,1203,1612,1634]" box="[151,1203,1612,1634]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
|
||
<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC824442FDFB3F99B62042F25" bold="true" box="[151,275,1612,1634]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0FD44D3BC824442FDE3DF99B61982F25" authority="(Dalman, 1823)" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1823" baseAuthorityName="Dalman" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[281,655,1612,1634]" class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Balgus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC824442FDE3DF99B62F12F25" box="[281,486,1612,1634]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Balgus tuberculosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Dalman, 1823)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pronotum showing tubercles and names, dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="80CE6533C8244428DFE3F95E621C2A7F" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="455" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C86B36B8C824442FDFE3F95E62882FAD" blockId="3.[151,1437,1673,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
|
||
<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC824442FDFE3F95E62632FE5" bold="true" box="[199,372,1673,1698]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Redescription.</emphasis>
|
||
Body elongate and convex; obconical, subcylindrical or cylindrical. Dorsal and ventral region covered with pubescence of variable density, length, location and color (gold to silver). Color patterns vary from black, brown to yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C86B36B8C824442FDFE3F92260D12ED9" blockId="3.[151,1437,1673,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
|
||
<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC824442FDFE3F92262132E49" box="[199,260,1781,1806]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: Hypognathous. Median anterior region with depression or longitudinal groove of variable length and depth. Eyes wide, ocular index (EI) of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AC454B49C824442FDD7FF8CE61ED2E75" author="Calder" box="[603,762,1817,1842]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" refString="Calder, A. A. (1996) Monographs on Invertebrate Taxonomy. Vol 2. Click Beetles: Genera of Australian Elateridae (Coleoptera). CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, 401 pp." type="book" year="1996">Calder (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
between 0.46 and 0.31; finely faceted. Flabellate antenna; fourth to tenth antennomeres shorter and narrower than the others; densely covered with short setae; second antennomere about twice as long as the third, and inserted obliquely into the fourth. Labrum visible and sclerotized. Mandibles almost as long as wide, mesally curved at apex and bidentate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C86B36B8C8244428DFE3F87E604228C0" blockId="3.[151,1437,1673,2022]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,933]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="455" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
|
||
<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC824442FDFE3F87E620F2E85" box="[199,280,1961,1986]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
: Pronotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="50EF2A3DC824442FDE81F87E61132E86" box="[421,516,1961,1986]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1612,1634]" captionTargetBox="[182,1404,1071,1586]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1413,1070,1587]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Balgus tuberculosus (Dalman, 1823), pronotum showing tubercles and names, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1051656/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) covered with tubercles, more or less notable in various patterns. Tubercles from each side of pronotum are separate from the base to the apex by a median longitudinal groove. Posterior margin of scutellum widely rounded or truncated. Elytra convex and elongate; entirely covered with tubercles, tubercles only on the basal region or without tubercles; epipleuron reduced. Hind wing with well-developed radial and cubital anal cell; cubital anal cell apically oblique; median area of hind wing with five free nervures. Antennal pocket deep, located mesally on hypomeron, following notosternal suture. Mesepisternum and mesepimeron fused. Mesocoxal cavity closed. Metaventrite elongate, slightly smaller than the prosternum. Metacoxal plate well developed. Tibiae strongly expanded and flattened dorsoventrally, with a depression where the tarsus is fitted. Tarsomeres 2–4 with elongated ventral lobes and yellow setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C86B36B8C8234428DFE3FE4363F928B2" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC8234428DFE3FE43622628EA" box="[199,305,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: Five visible ventrites, four basal connate. Ventrite 5 triangular, subtriangular or pentagonal; other ventrites rectangular or subpentagonal. Ventrite 4 with gold or light brown thin transversal strip on posterior margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C86B36B8C8234428DFE3FE28675D2B7A" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC8234428DFE3FE2862922B5F" box="[199,389,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
: Symmetrical. Styli absent, baculum and coxite elongate. Coxite apically inserted in relation to the baculum, with or without setae. Baculum at least 4 times as long as the coxite.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C86B36B8C8234428DFE3FD9066712BE0" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC8234428DFE3FD9062672B27" box="[199,368,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
: Aedeagus trilobed. Parameres acuminate or rounded at apex. Penis with acuminate apex. Median strut present and elongate. Phallobasis symmetrical or slightly asymmetrical; dorsal surface with concavity, normally confined to base or expanded from base to apex, reaching or not up to limit of parameres.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C86B36B8C8234428DFE3FD6363F72BB7" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC8234428DFE3FD6362AD2B8A" bold="true" box="[199,442,692,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Sexual dimorphism:</emphasis>
|
||
Males with antennal rami setae significantly longer than females (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AC454B49C8234428DB8BFD6363C32BB7" author="Chassain" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" refString="Chassain, J. & Touroult, J. (2013) Les especes guyanaises des genres Balgus Fleutiaux et Pterotarsus Guerin-Meneville avec description de deux especes nouvelles. Le Coleopteriste: Coleopteres de Guyane, 7, 73 - 86." type="journal article" year="2013">Chassain & Touroult 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C86B36B8C8234428DFE3FD2B621C2A7F" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC8234428DFE3FD2B62612A52" bold="true" box="[199,374,764,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Size variation:</emphasis>
|
||
(N = 107): length
|
||
<quantity id="0F2C9B5DC8234428DD77FD2B60112A53" box="[595,774,764,789]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.56" metricValueMin="0.94" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="25.6" valueMin="9.4">9.40–25.60 mm</quantity>
|
||
(mean =
|
||
<quantity id="0F2C9B5DC8234428DC52FD2B60F82A53" box="[886,1007,764,789]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.535" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" unit="mm" value="15.35">15.35 mm</quantity>
|
||
); humeral width
|
||
<quantity id="0F2C9B5DC8234428DB96FD2B66222A53" box="[1202,1333,764,788]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.35" metricValueMax="7.7" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" unit="mm" value="5.35" valueMax="7.7" valueMin="3.0">3–7.70 mm</quantity>
|
||
(mean =
|
||
<quantity id="0F2C9B5DC8234428DFB3FCC863E82A7F" box="[151,255,799,824]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" unit="mm" value="4.85">4.85 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="80CE6533C8234428DFE3FC9366952A1A" box="[199,1410,836,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C86B36B8C8234428DFE3FC9366952A1A" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,933]" box="[199,1410,836,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC8234428DFE3FC9362592A1A" bold="true" box="[199,334,836,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
When
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AC454B49C8234428DEBAFC93614D2A1B" author="Fleutiaux" box="[414,602,836,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" refString="Fleutiaux, E. (1920) Etudes sur les Melasidae (Coleoptera Serricornia), Premiere partie. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 60, 93 - 104." type="journal article" year="1920">Fleutiaux (1920)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0FD44D3BC8234428DC60FC9360852A1A" authorityName="Eschscholtzi Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1920" box="[836,914,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Balgus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC8234428DC60FC9360852A1A" box="[836,914,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Balgus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
he did not make any mention of etymology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="80CE6533C8234428DFE3FCB060962AE2" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="C86B36B8C8234428DFE3FCB060962AE2" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<emphasis id="FAA0EAAAC8234428DFE3FCB062772AC7" bold="true" box="[199,352,871,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Neotropical—Belize,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B0C37628C8234428DD43FCB061AB2AC7" box="[615,700,871,896]" name="Bolivia" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B0C37628C8234428DDEAFCB060022AC7" box="[718,789,871,896]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B0C37628C8234428DC01FCB060812AC7" box="[805,918,871,896]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B0C37628C8234428DC83FCB067112AC7" box="[935,1030,871,896]" name="Ecuador" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B0C37628C8234428DB32FCBF67672AC7" box="[1046,1136,872,896]" name="Guyana" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0A10F85AC8234428DBA5FCB066382AC7" box="[1153,1327,871,896]" country="France" name="Guyane" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B0C37628C8234428DBA5FCB066382AC7" box="[1153,1327,871,896]" name="French Guiana" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0A10F85AC8234428DA64FCB0668F2AC7" box="[1344,1432,871,896]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B0C37628C8234428DA64FCB0668F2AC7" box="[1344,1432,871,896]" name="Mexico" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B0C37628C8234428DFB3FC5B621A2AE2" box="[151,269,908,933]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0A10F85AC8234428DE3CFC5A62632AE3" box="[280,372,909,932]" country="Panama" name="Panama" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B0C37628C8234428DE3CFC5A62632AE3" box="[280,372,909,932]" name="Panama" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B0C37628C8234428DE5AFC5A62A52AE3" box="[382,434,909,932]" name="Peru" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B0C37628C8234428DECCFC5B61D72AE2" box="[488,704,908,933]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">
|
||
Trinidad &
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0A10F85AC8234428DD48FC5B61D72AE2" box="[620,704,908,933]" country="Trinidad and Tobago" name="Tobago" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Tobago</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="50EF2A3DC8234428DDEAFC5B60632AE2" box="[718,884,908,933]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 12" captionStart-1="FIGURE 13" captionStart-2="FIGURE 14" captionStart-3="FIGURE 15" captionStartId-0="26.[151,250,1604,1626]" captionStartId-1="27.[151,250,1604,1626]" captionStartId-2="28.[151,250,1650,1672]" captionStartId-3="29.[151,250,1649,1671]" captionTargetBox-0="[173,1436,193,1566]" captionTargetBox-1="[174,1435,193,1548]" captionTargetBox-2="[179,1425,193,1595]" captionTargetBox-3="[182,1431,193,1599]" captionTargetId-0="figure@26.[151,1437,193,1583]" captionTargetId-1="figure@27.[150,1436,193,1583]" captionTargetId-2="figure@28.[151,1435,193,1628]" captionTargetId-3="figure@29.[152,1435,193,1628]" captionTargetPageId-0="26" captionTargetPageId-1="27" captionTargetPageId-2="28" captionTargetPageId-3="29" captionText-0="FIGURE 12. Geographical distribution of Balgus albofasciatus (Bonvouloir, 1875), Balgus eganensis (Bonvouloir, 1875) and Balgus eschscholtzi (Laporte, 1835)." captionText-1="FIGURE 13. Geographical distribution of Balgus obconicus (Bonvouloir, 1875) and Balgus humilis (Bonvouloir, 1875)." captionText-2="FIGURE 14. Geographical distribution of Balgus rugosus (Blanchard, 1843)." captionText-3="FIGURE 15. Geographical distribution of Balgus tuberculosus (Dalman, 1823), Balgus subfasciatus (Bonvouloir, 1875) and Balgus schnusei (Heller, 1914)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1051680/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1051682/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/1051684/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/1051686/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Figures 12–15</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |