treatments-xml/data/C3/BA/CE/C3BACE5C438B7CAE1FA05B8BA9C85872.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.101.1182" ID-GBIF-Dataset="27b97ed3-f3cd-4468-af5e-0c3701b28f46" ID-PMC="PMC3118703" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-101-51" ID-PubMed="21747670" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-101-51" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 101" ModsDocTitle="Alocanthedon, a new subgenus of Chalicodoma from Southeast Asia (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae)" checkinTime="1451250346471" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Engel, Michael S. &amp; Gonzalez, Victor H." docDate="2011" docId="C3BACE5C438B7CAE1FA05B8BA9C85872" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 101: 51-80" docOrigin="ZooKeys 101" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.101.1182" docTitle="Chalicodoma ((Alocanthedon)) memecylonae Engel, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="66" masterDocId="FFE06A70FFD9FFB6D71F3A05AE130042" masterDocTitle="Alocanthedon, a new subgenus of Chalicodoma from Southeast Asia (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="80" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="62" updateTime="1668149769182" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Alocanthedon, a new subgenus of Chalicodoma from Southeast Asia (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Engel, Michael S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Gonzalez, Victor H.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>101</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>51</mods:start>
<mods:end>80</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.101.1182</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.101.1182</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-101-51</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152029509" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:066C973E-81A4-496A-BA57-F7701C49DC33" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C3BACE5C438B7CAE1FA05B8BA9C85872" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="62" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:066C973E-81A4-496A-BA57-F7701C49DC33" authority="Engel" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Chalicodoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chalicodoma ((Alocanthedon)) memecylonae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="memecylonae" subGenus="(Alocanthedon)">Chalicodoma (Alocanthedon) memecylonae Engel</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="11" pageNumber="62">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 172529-31
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Malaysia (Peninsular): ♂, Malaya, Penang, Batu Feringgi, 17 November 1963, H.T. Pagden (NHML).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" type="paratypes">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="62">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="11" pageNumber="62">
Malaysia (Peninsular): 2♂♂, Malaya, Pangkor Island, 5.i.1958 [5 January 1958], H.T. Pagden (NHML); 1♂, Malaya, Penang, Botanical Gardens at flowers 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" genus="Duranta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Duranta" order="Lamiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Duranta</taxonomicName>
[an introduced ornamental of 
<taxonomicName genus="Verbenaceae" lsidName="Verbenaceae" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" rank="genus">Verbenaceae</taxonomicName>
, native to the Americas, and accordingly not considered a host plant record herein], 11.xi.1958 [11 November 1958], H.T. Pagden (NHML); 1♂, Malaya, Penang, Batu Feringgi, 17 November 1963, H.T. Pagden (NHML); 1♀, Malaya, Penang, Mt. Erskine Road, at 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Memecylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Memecylon" order="Myrtales" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Memecylon</taxonomicName>
, 18 July 1955, H.T. Pagden (NHML); 1♀, Malaya, Penang, Mt. Erskine Road, 3 June 
<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="63" start="start">1955</pageBreakToken>
, H.T. Pagden (NHML); 1♀, Malaya, Penang, Mt. Erskine Road, 9 August 1955, H.T. Pagden (SEMC); 1♀, Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 10.9.1933 [10 September 1933], H.M. Pendlebury, Ex F.M.S. [Federated Malay States] Museum (NHML); 1♀, Malay Penin. [Peninsula], West Coast, Langkawi Is. [Island], 19 April 1928, H.M. Pendlebury, Ex F.M.S. [Federated Malay States] Museum (NHML); 1♀, Selangor, Serdang, 10.xii.1928 [10 December 1928], H.T. Pagden (NHML); 1♀, Serdang, in Memecy. [
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Memecylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Memecylon" order="Myrtales" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Memecylon</taxonomicName>
], 10.xii.1928 [10 December 1928], H.T. Pagden (NHML).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="63" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="63">Diagnosisn.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="63">
Both sexes of this species have yellow forewings with grayish hyaline apex. The male can be easily recognized by the clypeus with the disc not densely covered by setae (Fig. 18) and the absence of a patch of dense setae in the medial cell of the forewing (Fig. 20). The female is most similar to 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Chalicodoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chalicodoma atratiforme" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratiforme">Chalicodoma atratiforme</taxonomicName>
from which it can be separated by the mesoscutum with more pronounced transverse wrinkling on disc, posteriorly with well-defined coarse, irregular punctures separated by a less than a puncture width, not loosely arranged in transverse series like those in wrinkles (Fig. 25). Also, the hypostomal area is more coarsely punctate than in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Chalicodoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chalicodoma atratiforme" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratiforme">Chalicodoma atratiforme</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="63">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="63">
As described for 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Chalicodoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chalicodoma odontophorum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="odontophorum">Chalicodoma odontophorum</taxonomicName>
(vide supra) except as follows: Total body length 18.0 mm; forewing length 12.7 mm. Head broader than long (width 5.0 mm, length 3.7 mm); intertorular distance 1.6 times torulorbital distance; interocellar distance 1.9 times median ocellar diameter, 1.2 times ocellocular distance; ocelloccipital distance 3.4 times median ocellar diameter; compound eye about twice as long as wide, slightly broader than gena in profile. Procoxal spine shorter and broader than that of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Chalicodoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chalicodoma odontophorum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="odontophorum">Chalicodoma odontophorum</taxonomicName>
, with weak depression between spine and oblique lamella of procoxa, lamella short, posterobasally setose on spine, anterior surface not setose; protibia with strong, outer, posterior carina running along apical three-quarters of length, apically produced into small posteriorly-directed spine, not carinate along transverse apex of protibia, anterior border ridged but not carinate, apical anterior surface not depressed; protarsus modified as in figure 21; meso- and metafemora somewhat swollen; mesotibial spur relatively straight, with bluntly rounded apex. Postgradular depressions deeper and broader than in female; terga 
<normalizedToken originalValue="II–IV">II-IV</normalizedToken>
with apical transverse ridge (caudad postgradular depression), ridges somewhat sinuate laterally, weak medially on terga 
<normalizedToken originalValue="II–III">II-III</normalizedToken>
, entirely weak on tergum IV; preapical carina of sixth tergum produced, weakly and narrowly concave medially (Fig. 22). Genitalia as in figures 29-31.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="63">Integument black throughout except tegula, legs, and metasomal sterna largely dark reddish brown (nearly black in many areas), and expansions of protarsi dark brown. Wings orange-yellow except apical margin of forewing and apical and posterior margins of hind wing grayish hyaline (Fig. 17); venation ferruginous to orange-yellow.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="12" pageNumber="63">
Mandible with outer surface shiny, irregularly punctate; vertex with coarse, shallow punctures separated by less than a puncture width, integument between finely imbricate, punctures becoming more shallow toward preoccipital carina; upper gena with irregular punctures separated by finely imbricate integument, remainder of gena and posterior postgena with more regular punctures separated by a puncture width or frequently less, integument otherwise finely imbricate. Mesoscutum anteriorly and medially transversely wrinkled with irregular punctures, such integument blending 
<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="64" start="start">laterally</pageBreakToken>
outside of parapsidal lines and posteriorly to coarsely and contiguously punctate, integument between (where evident) finely imbricate; axillae and mesoscutellum coarsely and contiguously punctate throughout. Dorsal-facing surface of first metaso 
<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="65" start="start">mal</pageBreakToken>
tergum imbricate with small punctures nearly contiguous; remaining terga sculptured as on dorsal-facing surface of first metasomal tergum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Pubescence generally dark fuscous to black except as follows: clypeus apically with dense fringe of long, apically-directed reddish setae (Figs. 18, 19); supraclypeal area with long, numerous, tawny setae, but not entirely obscuring integument; white and black setae arranged on protarsus and apex of protibia as in figure 21; wing setae generally yellow or tawny yellow, without dense cluster of setae forming spot in medial cell (Figs. 17, 20).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">
Female: As for the male except in usual sexual differences and as follows: Total body length 20 mm; forewing length 13.2 mm. Head broader than long (width 5.2 mm, length 3.7 mm); intertorular distance 1.2 torulorbital distance; interocellar distance 2.4 times median ocellar diameter, 1.3 times ocellocular distance; ocelloccipital distance 4.4 times median ocellar diameter; compound eye about twice as long as wide, slightly narrower than gena in profile. Mandible with four teeth; body of mandible short, basal section about as long as or slightly shorter than apical, dentate margin. Labrum rectangular, with apical row of stiff, erect, long setae running along apical margin; apical margin relatively straight. Clypeus without pronounced, medioapical tubercle, margin relatively straight. First flagellomere short, about two-thirds length of second flagellomere; remaining flagellomeres all about twice as long as wide. Procoxae, tibiae, tarsi, and spurs unmodified; pretarsal claws long, curved, simple. Postgradular depressions weaker than in male; terga without transverse ridges, with slight lateral swellings on terga 
<normalizedToken originalValue="II–IV">II-IV</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Mandible with outer surface dull, irregularly punctate and microreticulate; clypeus imbricate with coarse, shallow punctures separated by less than a puncture width except along apical border. Mesoscutum anteriorly and medially transversely wrinkled, more weakly so than in male, with irregular punctures, such integument blending laterally and posteriorly to coarsely punctate, punctures separated by less than a puncture width, integument between punctures finely imbricate; axillae and mesoscutellum strongly coarsely punctate, punctures separated by less than a puncture width throughout.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Usual sex differences in setation; pubescence dark fuscous to black except microtrichia on inner surface of mandible dark golden and small dirty white patch on lateral surface of propodeum near metacoxa; clypeus and supraclypeal area not obscured by dense pubescence.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="65" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">
The specific epithet is based on the plant generic name 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Memecylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Memecylon" order="Myrtales" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Memecylon</taxonomicName>
(neuter), and at which the type series was captured.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" type="floral records">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Floral records.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">
The paratype females were captured at flowers of &quot; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Memecylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Memecylon umbellatum" order="Myrtales" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="umbellatum">Memecylon umbellatum</taxonomicName>
&quot; Wall. (Myrtales: 
<taxonomicName genus="Memecylaceae" lsidName="Memecylaceae" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" rank="genus">Memecylaceae</taxonomicName>
), a nomen nudum for what is today recognized by the accepted name 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Memecylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Memecylon lilacinum" order="Myrtales" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lilacinum">Memecylon lilacinum</taxonomicName>
Zoll. &amp; Moritz, and not to be confused with 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Memecylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Memecylon umbellatum" order="Myrtales" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="umbellatum">Memecylon umbellatum</taxonomicName>
Burm.f. in Peninsular India and Sri Lanka.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="66">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="66">
<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="66" start="start">Figures</pageBreakToken>
17-22. Photomicrographs of male of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Chalicodoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chalicodoma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chalicodoma</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Alocanthedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alocanthedon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alocanthedon</taxonomicName>
) memecylonae Engel, sp. n. 17 Dorsal habitus 18 Facial aspect 19 Lateral aspect of head, arrow indicates postgenal flange, note also broad, medial inferior protuberance of male mandible 20 Detail of forewing medial cell 21 Protarsus, pro-pretarsus, and apex of protibia 22 Dorsal aspect of metasomal terga V and VI.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="66">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="66">
Figures 23-25. Photomicrographs of female of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Chalicodoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chalicodoma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chalicodoma</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Alocanthedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alocanthedon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alocanthedon</taxonomicName>
) memecylonae Engel, sp. n. 23 Dorsal habitus 24 Facial aspect 25 Dorsal aspect of mesoscutum and mesoscutellum.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="66">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="66">
Figures 26-34. Photomicrographs of representative male genitalia for species of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Alocanthedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alocanthedon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alocanthedon</taxonomicName>
Engel and Gonzalez, subgen. n. in ventral, lateral and dorsal aspects 26-28 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Chalicodoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chalicodoma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chalicodoma</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Alocanthedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alocanthedon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alocanthedon</taxonomicName>
) odontophorum Engel, sp. n. 29-31C. (A.) memecylonae Engel, sp. n. 32-34C. (A.) atratiforme (Meade-Waldo).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>