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68 KiB
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505 lines
68 KiB
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<mods:title id="A788BEAFD825577885555276416B31FA">Short-legged daddy-long-leg spiders in North America: the genera Pholcophora and Tolteca (Araneae, Pholcidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="241D925324DFEEC122E25F1086B53F83">Huber, Bernhard A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8EDB3CC9BE381D9D1D3B2122100603C2">Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, LIB, Bonn, Germany. Laboratory of Arachnology (LATLAX), Institute of Biology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-Tlaxcala, San Miguel Contla, Santa Cruz Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, México. Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. Campus Amílcar Ferreira Sobral, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Floriano, Piauí, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="14F842141DA3CD608E8C0FAADA19E43E" type="email">b.huber@leibniz-lib.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="38FD5F642BCB125BD3C33FB962FBF6E8">Meng, Guanliang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DBC59D162ECD08600DB039717D3AA95F">Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, LIB, Bonn, Germany. Laboratory of Arachnology (LATLAX), Institute of Biology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-Tlaxcala, San Miguel Contla, Santa Cruz Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, México. Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. Campus Amílcar Ferreira Sobral, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Floriano, Piauí, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9DCA81BCA7B84361FE095A4DA9BF5C33">Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="941C9028162FAD4640C9AF07B89A9F93">Král, Jiří</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BF3A0D99A1BDE2753E996797A5423344">Carvalho, Leonardo S.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03F087F1AC7BFFC6092E654CE0F9FD93" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8160846" ID-GBIF-Taxon="211663645" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8160846" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087F1AC7BFFC6092E654CE0F9FD93" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087F1AC7BFFC6092E654CE0F9FD93" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName id="4C594D64AC7BFFDB092E654CE0FCFE54" ID-CoL="4GKZL" ID-ENA="393829" authority="Banks, 1896" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1896" box="[570,1017,362,389]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americana">
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<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC7BFFDB092E654CE05AFE54" bold="true" box="[570,863,362,389]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Pholcophora americana</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B16AC7BFFDB0872654CE0FCFE54" author="Banks N." box="[870,1017,362,388]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="57 - 77" refId="ref32200" refString="Banks N. 1896. New North American spiders and mites. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 23: 57 - 77. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 7508724 [accessed 26 May 2023]." type="journal article" year="1896">Banks, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="C343656CAC7BFFDB098865AAE092FE76" box="[668,919,396,422]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC7BFFDB098865AAE092FE76" blockId="13.[570,1017,362,422]" box="[668,919,396,422]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<figureCitation id="13622A62AC7BFFDB098865AAE1FEFE76" box="[668,763,396,422]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,566,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-121@12.[189,1398,566,1776]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 3. Pholcophora Banks, 1896, live specimens. A. P. americana Banks, 1896, male from USA, Colorado, near Golden.B–E. P. mazatlan Huber sp. nov., males and females with egg-sacs from Mexico, Guerrero, N of Mazatlán. F–G. P. papanoa Huber sp. nov., male and female from Mexico, Guerrero, S of Papanoa. H–I. P. texana Gertsch, 1935, male and female with egg-sac from Mexico, Hidalgo, SW of Jacala. J–K. P. tehuacan Huber sp. nov., male and female with egg-sac from Mexico, Puebla, SE of Tehuacan. L. P. “Mex354”, female with egg-sac from Mexico, Puebla, SE of Tehuacan." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8155480/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 3A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13622A62AC7BFFDB081C65AAE033FE76" box="[776,822,396,422]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStartId-0="13.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionStartId-1="14.[190,233,1892,1918]" captionStartId-2="15.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionStartId-3="16.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionStartId-4="17.[189,232,1814,1840]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,1202,1888]" captionTargetBox-1="[192,1397,844,1828]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1398,792,1847]" captionTargetBox-3="[189,1398,656,1847]" captionTargetBox-4="[189,1398,268,1760]" captionTargetId-0="figure-281@13.[189,1398,1202,1888]" captionTargetId-1="figure-195@14.[188,1397,844,1842]" captionTargetId-2="figure-146@15.[189,1398,792,1847]" captionTargetId-3="figure-107@16.[189,1398,656,1847]" captionTargetId-4="figure-12@17.[189,1398,268,1760]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionTargetPageId-2="15" captionTargetPageId-3="16" captionTargetPageId-4="17" captionText-0="Fig. 4. Pholcophora americana Banks, 1896, male from USA, Colorado, near Golden (ZFMK Kra55). Left palp, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. Abbreviations: b = genital bulb; co = coxa; fe = femur; p = procursus; pa = patella; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; tr = trochanter. Scale bar = 0.3 mm." captionText-1="Fig. 5. Pholcophora americana Banks, 1896, males. A–E. From USA, Montana, Lolo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G092). F–H. From California, Inyo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G089). A–B. Chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. C–E. Left palpal tarsus and procursus, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. F–H. Left genital bulb, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. Scale bars = 0.3 mm." captionText-2="Fig. 6. Pholcophora americana Banks, 1896, females. A–B. From USA, California, Inyo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G089).C–D. From Colorado, near Golden (ZFMK USA16). Epigyna, ventral and lateral views. Abbreviations: ep = epigynum (main epigynal plate); pep = posterior epigynal plate. Scale bar = 0.3 mm (all at same scale)." captionText-3="Fig. 7. Pholcophora americana Banks, 1896, cleared female genitalia. A–C. From USA, California, Inyo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G089). D–F. From Colorado, near Golden (ZFMK USA16). A, D. Ventral views. B, E. Dorsal views. C, F. Detail of median internal structures. Scale bars: A–B, D–E = 0.3 mm; C, F = 0.1 mm." captionText-4="Fig. 8. Pholcophora americana Banks, 1896, female from USA, Colorado, near Golden (ZFMK USA16). A. Prosoma, frontal view. B. Right spinnerets. C. Anterior lateral spinneret. D. Detail of tibia 1. E. Detail of metatarsus 4. F. Tarsal organ on tarsus 1. G. Tarsal organ and slit sensillum on tarsus 3. H. Tarsal organ on tarsus 4. Scale bars: A = 100 µm; B–E, G = 10 µm; F, H = 2 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155484" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155488" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155490" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155492" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155496" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8155484/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8155488/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8155490/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/8155492/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/8155496/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">4–8</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13622A62AC7BFFDB085765AAE092FE76" box="[835,919,396,422]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="43.[189,232,1681,1707]" captionTargetBox="[246,1335,267,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-12@43.[246,1342,265,1633]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Fig. 33. Pholcophora internal female genitalia, median sections of main transversal internal sclerite. A–B. P. americana Banks, 1896, females from USA, California, Inyo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G089) and Colorado, near Golden (ZFMK USA16). C–D. P. mazatlan Huber sp. nov., females from Mexico, Guerrero, N of Mazatlán (ZFMK Ar 23943). E–F. P. papanoa Huber sp. nov., females from Mexico, Guerrero, S of Papanoa (ZFMK Ar 23945). G–H. P. “Mex354”, females from Mexico, Puebla, SE of Tehuacan (ZFMK Mex354). I–J. P. texana Gertsch, 1935, females from Mexico, Hidalgo, SW of Jacala (ZFMK Ar 23952). K–L. P. tehuacan Huber sp. nov., females from Mexico, Puebla, SE of Tehuacan (ZFMK Ar 23949). M. Pholcophora? “Car544”, female from Puerto Rico, Isla Mono (USNM ENT 783464). N. Pholcophora? “Cu12-325”, female from Cuba, Santiago de Cuba, Siboney (ZFMK Cu12- 325). Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8155572/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">33A–B</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C343656CAC7BFFDB0BA965EAE0CCFDC3" box="[189,969,460,531]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC7BFFDB0BA965EAE221FE36" blockId="13.[189,292,460,486]" box="[189,292,460,486]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<heading id="D0AE818BAC7BFFDB0BA965EAE221FE36" bold="true" box="[189,292,460,486]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC7BFFDB0BA965EAE221FE36" bold="true" box="[189,292,460,486]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Remark</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC7BFFDB0BA965DFE0CCFDC3" blockId="13.[189,969,505,531]" box="[189,969,505,531]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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For synonymy,
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<typeStatus id="54E28845AC7BFFDB0A6065DFE2A2FDC3" box="[372,423,505,531]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">type</typeStatus>
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material, and redescription, see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B16AC7BFFDB083765DFE0C3FDC3" author="Huber B. A." box="[803,966,505,531]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 348" refId="ref34125" refString="Huber B. A. 2000. New World pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae): a revision at generic level. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 254: 1 - 348. https: // doi. org / brh 26 h" type="journal article" year="2000">Huber (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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|
||
<subSubSection id="C343656CAC7BFFDB0BA9661EE1E9FCF8" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC7BFFDB0BA9661EE233FD82" blockId="13.[189,310,568,594]" box="[189,310,568,594]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<heading id="D0AE818BAC7BFFDB0BA9661EE233FD82" bold="true" box="[189,310,568,594]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC7BFFDB0BA9661EE233FD82" bold="true" box="[189,310,568,594]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC7BFFDB0BA96643E1E9FCF8" blockId="13.[188,1399,613,808]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Easily distinguished geographically by being the only representative of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D64AC7BFFDB0F146643E79CFDAF" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1896" box="[1024,1177,613,639]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC7BFFDB0F146643E79CFDAF" box="[1024,1177,613,639]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Pholcophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(and of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D64AC7BFFDB0FEF6643E66AFDAF" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1890" box="[1275,1391,613,639]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ninetinae">Ninetinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in the western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E7677AC7BFFDB0A6A66A1E2B2FD71" box="[382,439,647,673]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E7677AC7BFFDB0AEB66A1E152FD71" box="[511,599,647,673]" name="Canada" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A62AC7BFFDB097A66A1E1B8FD71" box="[622,701,647,673]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,730,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-150@11.[189,1398,730,1773]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 2. Known distributions of ‘true’ Pholcophora Banks, 1896 (orange marks) and of presumably misplaced Caribbean ‘Pholcophora’ and of Papiamenta Huber, 2000 (red marks). Dominican amber species currently placed in Pholcophora are represented by an “F” in a pink square. Our molecular data suggest that Caribbean ‘Pholcophora’ are more closely related with the genus Papiamenta than with true Pholcophora. Barcoded specimens of Pholcophora americana Banks, 1896 are marked with an “x” and accompanied by the vial code (see Table 1 for details)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8155478/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
); morphologically distinguished from similar congeners (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D64AC7BFFDB0BD3668CE240FD13" authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1982" box="[199,325,681,707]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexcala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC7BFFDB0BD3668CE240FD13" box="[199,325,681,707]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. mexcala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D64AC7BFFDB0A40668CE2D9FD13" authority="Huber & Meng & Valdez-Mondragón & Král & Ávila Herrera & Carvalho, 2023" authorityName="Huber & Meng & Valdez-Mondragón & Král & Ávila Herrera & Carvalho" authorityYear="2023" box="[340,476,681,707]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mazatlan" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC7BFFDB0A40668CE2D9FD13" box="[340,476,681,707]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. mazatlan</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21E578EAC7BFFDB0AF6668FE13AFD13" box="[482,575,681,707]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D64AC7BFFDB095E668CE1C8FD13" authority="Huber & Meng & Valdez-Mondragón & Král & Ávila Herrera & Carvalho, 2023" authorityName="Huber & Meng & Valdez-Mondragón & Král & Ávila Herrera & Carvalho" authorityYear="2023" box="[586,717,682,707]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papanoa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC7BFFDB095E668CE1C8FD13" box="[586,717,682,707]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. papanoa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21E578EAC7BFFDB09C0668FE02BFD13" box="[724,814,681,707]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
) by shape of male cheliceral apophyses (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A62AC7BFFDB0E1A668FE3D6FD35" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[190,233,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[192,1397,844,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-195@14.[188,1397,844,1842]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 5. Pholcophora americana Banks, 1896, males. A–E. From USA, Montana, Lolo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G092). F–H. From California, Inyo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G089). A–B. Chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. C–E. Left palpal tarsus and procursus, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. F–H. Left genital bulb, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. Scale bars = 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8155488/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 5A– B</figureCitation>
|
||
; directed towards frontal rather than upwards, without proximal humps, relatively short), by tip of procursus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A62AC7BFFDB0A5666CAE2C7FCD7" box="[322,450,748,775]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[190,233,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[192,1397,844,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-195@14.[188,1397,844,1842]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 5. Pholcophora americana Banks, 1896, males. A–E. From USA, Montana, Lolo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G092). F–H. From California, Inyo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G089). A–B. Chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. C–E. Left palpal tarsus and procursus, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. F–H. Left genital bulb, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. Scale bars = 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8155488/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 5C–E</figureCitation>
|
||
; semi-transparent process widening distally), and by epigynum (main epigynal plate posteriorly strongly indented,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A62AC7BFFDB094B672BE1DBFCF8" box="[607,734,781,808]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,792,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-146@15.[189,1398,792,1847]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 6. Pholcophora americana Banks, 1896, females. A–B. From USA, California, Inyo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G089).C–D. From Colorado, near Golden (ZFMK USA16). Epigyna, ventral and lateral views. Abbreviations: ep = epigynum (main epigynal plate); pep = posterior epigynal plate. Scale bar = 0.3 mm (all at same scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8155490/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C343656CAC7BFFD80BA9676BE091FE1B" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC7BFFDB0BA9676BE151FCB7" blockId="13.[189,596,845,871]" box="[189,596,845,871]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC7BFFDB0BA9676BE2AFFCB7" bold="true" box="[189,426,845,871]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
(new records)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC7BFFD80BA9675CE091FE1B" blockId="13.[189,1399,890,1152]" lastBlockId="14.[189,1399,265,459]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B313CBAAC7BFFDB0BA9675CE19FFC07" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4161533317" collectingDate="2016-07-06" collectionCode="ZFMK" collectorName="B. A. Huber" country="United States of America" elevation="2225" latitude="39.73" location="Lookout Mountain near Golden" longLatPrecision="700" longitude="-105.24" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCode="ZFMK USA16" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Colorado">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E7677AC7BFFDB0BA9675CE3F3FC44" box="[189,246,890,916]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC7BFFDB0A0D675CE28BFC44" bold="true" box="[281,398,890,916]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499DF805AC7BFFDB0A0D675CE28BFC44" box="[281,398,890,916]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Colorado</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6EAC7BFFDB0AB8675CE2F7FC45" box="[428,498,890,917]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, in pure ethanol;
|
||
<location id="8E86603CAC7BFFDB09DD675CE74DFC44" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087F1AC7BFFC6092E654CE0F9FD93:8E86603CAC7BFFDB09DD675CE74DFC44" box="[713,1096,890,917]" country="United States of America" latitude="39.73" longLatPrecision="700" longitude="-105.24" name="Lookout Mountain near Golden" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" stateProvince="Colorado">Lookout Mountain near Golden</location>
|
||
, ‘sites 1 & 2’;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D5020AC7BFFDB0E16675CE677FC45" box="[1282,1394,890,917]" degrees="39.73" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="555" value="39.73">39.73° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D5020AC7BFFDB0BA967BAE23BFC66" box="[189,318,924,951]" degrees="105.24" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="555" value="-105.24">105.24° W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<elevation id="0074D1D4AC7BFFDB0A5E67BAE12EFC66" box="[330,555,924,950]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.225" metricValueMax="2.23" metricValueMin="2.2199999999999998" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="2225.0" valueMax="2230.0" valueMin="2220.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CA19B02AC7BFFDB0A5E67BAE2EEFC66" box="[330,491,924,950]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.225" metricValueMax="2.23" metricValueMin="2.2199999999999998" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="2225.0" valueMax="2230.0" valueMin="2220.0">2220–2230 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFE71027AC7BFFDB092C67BAE1B9FC66" box="[568,700,924,950]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2016-07-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA3E9CFAC7BFFDB092C67BAE1B9FC66" box="[568,700,924,950]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2016-07-06">6 Jul. 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5331AC7BFFDB09DC67BAE04AFC66" box="[712,847,924,950]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">B.A. Huber</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6EAC7BFFDB088567BAE717FC66" box="[913,1042,924,950]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
|
||
used for SEM, two prosomata used for molecular work;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFF9E9CAC7BFFDB0AFD6798E19FFC07" box="[489,666,957,984]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ZFMK USA16</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B313CBAAC7BFFDB09A56798E071FC2A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4161533310" collectingDate="2016-07-06" collectionCode="ZFMK" collectorName="B. A. Huber" country="United States of America" elevation="2225" latitude="39.73" location="Lookout Mountain near Golden" longLatPrecision="700" longitude="-105.24" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCode="ZFMK Kra55-56" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Colorado">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6EAC7BFFDB09A56798E1F1FC08" box="[689,756,958,984]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, in pure ethanol; same collection data as for preceding; vouchers of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B16AC7BFFDB0A4467C6E195FC29" author="Avila Herrera I. M. & Kral J. & Pastuchova M. & Forman M. & Musilova J. & Korinkova T. & Stahlavsky F. & Zrzava M. & Nguyen P. & Just P. & Haddad C. R. & Hirman M. & Koubova M. & Sadilek D. & Huber B. A." box="[336,656,991,1020]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="75" refId="ref32036" refString="Avila Herrera I. M., Kral J., Pastuchova M., Forman M., Musilova J., Korinkova T., Stahlavsky F., Zrzava M., Nguyen P., Just P., Haddad C. R., Hirman M., Koubova M., Sadilek D. & Huber B. A. 2021. Evolutionary pattern of karyotypes and meiosis in pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae): implications for reconstructing chromosome evolution of araneomorph spiders. BMC Ecology and Evolution 21: 75. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 12862 - 021 - 01750 - 8" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Ávila Herrera
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC7BFFDB0AEF67C6E132FC29" box="[507,567,991,1017]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2021)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFF9E9CAC7BFFDB098967C6E075FC2A" box="[669,880,991,1018]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ZFMK Kra55–56</specimenCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B313CBAAC7BFFDB086F67C6E01DFBEC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4161533318" collectingDate="2003-06-15" collectionCode="ZFMK" collectorName="P. Paquin & N. Duperre" county="Mono County" latitude="37.8" location="Inyo Nat. Forest" longLatPrecision="708" longitude="-118.38" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCode="ZFMK G089" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-female="5" specimenCount-juvenile="1" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="California">
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC7BFFDB088767F9E711FC29" bold="true" box="[915,1044,991,1017]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499DF805AC7BFFDB088767F9E711FC29" box="[915,1044,991,1017]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6EAC7BFFDB0F3967F9E777FC2A" box="[1069,1138,991,1018]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6EAC7BFFDB0F9467F9E7C1FC2A" box="[1152,1220,991,1018]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="female">5 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6EAC7BFFDB0FC667F9E612FC29" box="[1234,1303,991,1017]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="juvenile">1 juv.</specimenCount>
|
||
, in pure ethanol;
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62874E6BAC7BFFDB0A376027E2CDFBCB" box="[291,456,1025,1051]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Mono County</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E86603CAC7BFFDB0AC76027E193FBCB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087F1AC7BFFC6092E654CE0F9FD93:8E86603CAC7BFFDB0AC76027E193FBCB" box="[467,662,1025,1051]" county="Mono County" latitude="37.8" longLatPrecision="708" longitude="-118.38" name="Inyo Nat. Forest" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" stateProvince="California">Inyo Nat. Forest</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D5020AC7BFFDB09B66027E00AFBCB" box="[674,783,1025,1051]" degrees="37.80" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="555" value="37.8">37.80° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D5020AC7BFFDB080F6027E09EFBCB" box="[795,923,1025,1051]" degrees="118.38" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="555" value="-118.38">118.38° W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFE71027AC7BFFDB08B36027E745FBCB" box="[935,1088,1025,1052]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2003-06-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA3E9CFAC7BFFDB08B36027E745FBCB" box="[935,1088,1025,1052]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2003-06-15">15 Jun. 2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5331AC7BFFDB0F596027E7BCFBCB" box="[1101,1209,1025,1051]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5331AC7BFFDB0FE76027E673FBCB" box="[1267,1398,1025,1051]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">N. Dupérré</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; under wood debris in pine forest;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFF9E9CAC7BFFDB096B6005E01DFBEC" box="[639,792,1058,1085]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ZFMK G089</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B313CBAAC7BFFDB080A6005E03BFB50" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4161533324" collectingDate="2015-05-18" collectionCode="ZFMK" collectorName="K. Schneider" county="Plumas County" elevation="1540" latitude="40.3625" location="Lassen National Forest" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-121.3081" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6EAC7BFFDB083B6004E058FBED" box="[815,861,1058,1085]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6EAC7BFFDB087D6004E090FBED" box="[873,917,1058,1085]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62874E6BAC7BFFDB08B76004E75DFBEC" box="[931,1112,1058,1084]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Plumas County</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E86603CAC7BFFDB0F766005E677FBED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087F1AC7BFFC6092E654CE0F9FD93:8E86603CAC7BFFDB0F766005E677FBED" box="[1122,1394,1058,1085]" county="Plumas County" latitude="40.3625" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-121.3081" name="Lassen National Forest" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Lassen National Forest</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E86603CAC7BFFDB0BA96062E108FB8E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087F1AC7BFFC6092E654CE0F9FD93:8E86603CAC7BFFDB0BA96062E108FB8E" box="[189,525,1092,1118]" country="United States of America" county="Plumas County" latitude="40.3625" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-121.3081" municipality="Lassen National Forest" name="Warner Creek Campground" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" stateProvince="Idaho">Warner Creek Campground</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D5020AC7BFFDB09086062E1AEFB8E" box="[540,683,1092,1119]" degrees="40.3625" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="5" value="40.3625">40.3625° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D5020AC7BFFDB09AF6062E05BFB8E" box="[699,862,1092,1118]" degrees="121.3081" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="5" value="-121.3081">121.3081° W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<elevation id="0074D1D4AC7BFFDB087A6062E70AFB8E" box="[878,1039,1092,1119]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.54" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="1540.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CA19B02AC7BFFDB087A6062E0CEFB8E" box="[878,971,1092,1119]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.54" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="1540.0">1540 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFE71027AC7BFFDB0F356062E7CCFB8F" box="[1057,1225,1092,1119]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2015-05-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA3E9CFAC7BFFDB0F356062E7CCFB8F" box="[1057,1225,1092,1119]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2015-05-18">18 May 2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5331AC7BFFDB0FCD6062E673FB8E" box="[1241,1398,1092,1118]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">K. Schneider</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; beaten from fallen pine cones;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED48AE22AC7BFFDB09786040E1B8FB50" box="[620,701,1126,1152]" collectionName="Germany, Bonn, Zoologische Forschungsinstitut und Museum "Alexander Koenig"" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">ZFMK</collectionCode>
|
||
Ar 23944.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B313CBAAC7BFFD808526040E0FCFE95" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4161533360" collectingDate="2003-09-19" collectionCode="ZFMK" collectorName="P. Paquin & D. Wytrykush" county="Custer County" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" latitude="44.278" location="Salmon-Challis Nat. Forest" longLatPrecision="67" longitude="-114.408" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCode="ZFMK G090" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Idaho">
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC7BFFDB084B6040E0ADFB50" bold="true" box="[863,936,1126,1152]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499DF805AC7BFFDB084B6040E0ADFB50" box="[863,936,1126,1152]" country="United States of America" name="Idaho" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Idaho</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6EAC7BFFDB08D76040E0F4FB50" box="[963,1009,1126,1152]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, in pure ethanol;
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62874E6BAC7BFFDB0FD16040E676FB50" box="[1221,1395,1126,1152]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Custer County</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E86603CAC78FFD80BA9652FE107FEF3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087F1AC7BFFC6092E654CE0F9FD93:8E86603CAC78FFD80BA9652FE107FEF3" box="[189,514,265,291]" county="Custer County" latitude="44.278" longLatPrecision="67" longitude="-114.408" name="Salmon-Challis Nat. Forest" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Idaho">Salmon-Challis Nat. Forest</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E86603CAC78FFD80904652FE023FEF3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087F1AC7BFFC6092E654CE0F9FD93:8E86603CAC78FFD80904652FE023FEF3" box="[528,806,265,291]" country="United States of America" county="Custer County" latitude="44.278" longLatPrecision="67" longitude="-114.408" municipality="Salmon-Challis Nat. Forest" name="Kinnikinic Creek Road" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Idaho">Kinnikinic Creek Road</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D5020AC78FFD80827652FE0B5FEF3" box="[819,944,265,291]" degrees="44.278" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="55" value="44.278">44.278° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D5020AC78FFD808A9652FE748FEF3" box="[957,1101,265,291]" degrees="114.408" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="55" value="-114.408">114.408° W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFE71027AC78FFD80F4F652FE7FEFEF3" box="[1115,1275,265,291]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2003-09-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA3E9CFAC78FFD80F4F652FE7FEFEF3" box="[1115,1275,265,291]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2003-09-19">19 Sep. 2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5331AC78FFD80E1C652FE673FEF3" box="[1288,1398,265,291]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5331AC78FFD80BFB650DE296FE94" box="[239,403,298,325]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">D. Wytrykush</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; scree under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D64AC78FFD80977650DE1FBFE94" box="[611,766,298,324]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC78FFD80977650DE1FBFE94" box="[611,766,298,324]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Picea glauca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forest;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFF9E9CAC78FFD80843650DE0F0FE95" box="[855,1013,299,325]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZFMK G090</specimenCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B313CBAAC78FFD80F14650DE702FE58" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4161533313" collectingDate="2003-09-18" collectionCode="ZFMK" collectorName="P. Paquin & D. Wytrykush" county="Missoula County" latitude="47.072" location="Lolo Nat. Forest" longLatPrecision="66" longitude="-113.384" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCode="ZFMK G092" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-juvenile="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Montana">
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC78FFD80F03650DE78CFE95" bold="true" box="[1047,1161,299,325]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499DF805AC78FFD80F03650DE78CFE95" box="[1047,1161,299,325]" country="United States of America" name="Montana" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Montana</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6EAC78FFD80FB6650DE7D5FE95" box="[1186,1232,299,325]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6EAC78FFD80FC9650DE625FE95" box="[1245,1312,299,325]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6EAC78FFD80E3A650DE677FE94" box="[1326,1394,298,325]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="juvenile">1 juv.</specimenCount>
|
||
, in pure ethanol;
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62874E6BAC78FFD80A6E656AE140FEB6" box="[378,581,332,358]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Missoula County</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E86603CAC78FFD8095B656AE014FEB7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087F1AC7BFFC6092E654CE0F9FD93:8E86603CAC78FFD8095B656AE014FEB7" box="[591,785,332,359]" county="Missoula County" latitude="47.072" longLatPrecision="66" longitude="-113.384" name="Lolo Nat. Forest" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Montana">Lolo Nat. Forest</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A542FC5AC78FFD80809656BE0F1FEB6" box="[797,1012,332,359]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">near Salmon Lake</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D5020AC78FFD808EB656AE77FFEB7" box="[1023,1146,332,359]" degrees="47.072" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="55" value="47.072">47.072° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D5020AC78FFD80F92656AE611FEB7" box="[1158,1300,332,359]" degrees="113.384" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="55" value="-113.384">113.384° W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFE71027AC78FFD80E0B656AE3FEFE58" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2003-09-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA3E9CFAC78FFD80E0B656AE3FEFE58" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2003-09-18">18 Sep. 2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5331AC78FFD80A126548E274FE58" box="[262,369,366,392]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5331AC78FFD80AB36548E14FFE58" box="[423,586,366,392]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">D. Wytrykush</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; under rocks, scree;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFF9E9CAC78FFD808736548E706FE58" box="[871,1027,366,392]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZFMK G092</specimenCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B313CBAAC78FFD80F196548E091FE1B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4161533354" collectingDate="2003-09-23" collectionCode="ZFMK" collectorName="P. Paquin & D. Wytrykush" county="Josephine County" latitude="42.337" location="Siskiyou Nat. Forest" longLatPrecision="69" longitude="-123.61" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCode="ZFMK G091" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-juvenile="1" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Oregon">
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC78FFD80F35654BE77AFE57" bold="true" box="[1057,1151,365,391]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499DF805AC78FFD80F35654BE77AFE57" box="[1057,1151,365,391]" country="United States of America" name="Oregon" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Oregon</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6EAC78FFD80F816548E7D2FE58" box="[1173,1239,366,392]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6EAC78FFD80FF66548E621FE58" box="[1250,1316,366,392]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6EAC78FFD80E246548E677FE58" box="[1328,1394,366,392]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="juvenile">1 juv.</specimenCount>
|
||
, in pure ethanol;
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62874E6BAC78FFD80A6B65A9E156FE79" box="[383,595,399,425]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Josephine County</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E86603CAC78FFD8094B65A9E051FE7A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087F1AC7BFFC6092E654CE0F9FD93:8E86603CAC78FFD8094B65A9E051FE7A" box="[607,852,399,426]" county="Josephine County" latitude="42.337" longLatPrecision="69" longitude="-123.61" name="Siskiyou Nat. Forest" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Oregon">Siskiyou Nat. Forest</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E86603CAC78FFD8087465A9E74EFE79" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087F1AC7BFFC6092E654CE0F9FD93:8E86603CAC78FFD8087465A9E74EFE79" box="[864,1099,399,425]" country="United States of America" county="Josephine County" latitude="42.337" longLatPrecision="69" longitude="-123.61" municipality="Siskiyou Nat. Forest" name="Briggs Valley Road" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Oregon">Briggs Valley Road</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D5020AC78FFD80F4C65A9E7D1FE7A" box="[1112,1236,399,426]" degrees="42.337" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="55" value="42.337">42.337° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D5020AC78FFD80FF565A9E677FE7A" box="[1249,1394,399,426]" degrees="123.610" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="55" value="-123.61">123.610° W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFE71027AC78FFD80BA96597E25FFE1B" box="[189,346,433,459]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2003-09-23">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA3E9CFAC78FFD80BA96597E25FFE1B" box="[189,346,433,459]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2003-09-23">23 Sep. 2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5331AC78FFD80A726597E2D6FE1B" box="[358,467,433,459]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="26AC5331AC78FFD809196597E1B4FE1B" box="[525,689,433,459]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">D. Wytrykush</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFF9E9CAC78FFD809E76597E095FE1B" box="[755,912,433,459]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZFMK G091</specimenCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF26666FAC7BFFDB0BA963AEE7FDF839" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155484" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8155484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8155484/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[189,232,1928,1954]" targetBox="[189,1398,1202,1888]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC7BFFDB0BA963AEE7FDF839" blockId="13.[189,1399,1928,2025]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC7BFFDB0BA963AEE20EF872" bold="true" box="[189,267,1928,1954]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D64AC7BFFDB0A0763AEE1CBF872" authority="Banks, 1896" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1896" box="[275,718,1928,1954]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC7BFFDB0A0763AEE134F872" box="[275,561,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Pholcophora americana</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B16AC7BFFDB092D63AEE1CBF872" author="Banks N." box="[569,718,1928,1954]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="57 - 77" refId="ref32200" refString="Banks N. 1896. New North American spiders and mites. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 23: 57 - 77. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 7508724 [accessed 26 May 2023]." type="journal article" year="1896">Banks, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male from USA, Colorado, near Golden (ZFMK Kra55). Left palp, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. Abbreviations: b = genital bulb; co = coxa; fe = femur; p = procursus; pa = patella; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; tr = trochanter. Scale bar = 0.3 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C343656CAC78FFD90BA965D6E28EFDC4" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC78FFD80BA965D6E1C0FDDB" blockId="14.[189,709,496,523]" box="[189,709,496,523]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC78FFD80BA965D6E24BFDDA" bold="true" box="[189,334,496,522]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Description</emphasis>
|
||
(amendments; see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B16AC78FFD8092465D7E1B9FDDB" author="Huber B. A." box="[560,700,497,523]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 348" refId="ref34125" refString="Huber B. A. 2000. New World pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae): a revision at generic level. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 254: 1 - 348. https: // doi. org / brh 26 h" type="journal article" year="2000">Huber 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC78FFD80BFE6638E22FFDE8" blockId="14.[189,1400,542,737]" box="[234,298,542,568]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC78FFD80BFE6638E22FFDE8" bold="true" box="[234,298,542,568]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Male</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC78FFD90BA96666E71EFE96" blockId="14.[189,1400,542,737]" lastBlockId="15.[188,1398,265,327]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Measurements of a male from Hat Creek,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499DF805AC78FFD809BD6619E020FD89" box="[681,805,575,601]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
: carapace width 0.95; tibia 1 length: 1.75; distance PME-PME 75 µm; diameter PME 80 µm; distance PME-ALE 30 µm; distance AME-AME 20 µm; diameter AME 60 µm; diameters of leg femora 0.20–0.23, of leg tibiae 0.11–0.12. Clypeus unmodified, clypeus rim to ALE 0.30. Chelicerae as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A62AC78FFD809AD6682E03CFD6F" box="[697,825,676,703]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[190,233,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[192,1397,844,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-195@14.[188,1397,844,1842]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 5. Pholcophora americana Banks, 1896, males. A–E. From USA, Montana, Lolo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G092). F–H. From California, Inyo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G089). A–B. Chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. C–E. Left palpal tarsus and procursus, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. F–H. Left genital bulb, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. Scale bars = 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8155488/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 5A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
; distances between cheliceral stridulatory ridges 2.5–2.7 µm. Procursus as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A62AC78FFD8090466E0E189FD31" box="[528,652,710,737]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[190,233,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[192,1397,844,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-195@14.[188,1397,844,1842]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 5. Pholcophora americana Banks, 1896, males. A–E. From USA, Montana, Lolo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G092). F–H. From California, Inyo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G089). A–B. Chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. C–E. Left palpal tarsus and procursus, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. F–H. Left genital bulb, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. Scale bars = 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8155488/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 5C–E</figureCitation>
|
||
, with distinctive transparent element distally; genital bulb as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A62AC79FFD90BA9652FE23CFEF4" box="[189,313,265,292]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[190,233,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[192,1397,844,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-195@14.[188,1397,844,1842]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 5. Pholcophora americana Banks, 1896, males. A–E. From USA, Montana, Lolo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G092). F–H. From California, Inyo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G089). A–B. Chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. C–E. Left palpal tarsus and procursus, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. F–H. Left genital bulb, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. Scale bars = 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8155488/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 5F–H</figureCitation>
|
||
. Legs with few vertical hairs; prolateral trichobothrium absent on tibia 1. Tibia 1 length in
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6EAC79FFD90E4D652FE205FE96" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="male">14 males</specimenCount>
|
||
(incl. specimens measured in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B16AC79FFD90970650AE1F0FE96" author="Huber B. A." box="[612,757,300,326]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 348" refId="ref34125" refString="Huber B. A. 2000. New World pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae): a revision at generic level. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 254: 1 - 348. https: // doi. org / brh 26 h" type="journal article" year="2000">Huber 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
): 1.50–1.75 (mean 1.62).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF26666FAC78FFD80BAA6342E734F839" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155488" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8155488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8155488/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" startId="14.[190,233,1892,1918]" targetBox="[192,1397,844,1828]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC78FFD80BAA6342E734F839" blockId="14.[188,1399,1892,2025]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC78FFD80BAA6342E215F8AF" bold="true" box="[190,272,1892,1919]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D64AC78FFD80A086343E1E1F8AF" authority="Banks, 1896" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1896" box="[284,740,1893,1919]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC78FFD80A086343E13BF8AF" box="[284,574,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Pholcophora americana</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B16AC78FFD8095E6343E1E1F8AF" author="Banks N." box="[586,740,1893,1919]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="57 - 77" refId="ref32200" refString="Banks N. 1896. New North American spiders and mites. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 23: 57 - 77. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 7508724 [accessed 26 May 2023]." type="journal article" year="1896">Banks, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, males.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC78FFD808596342E081F8AE" bold="true" box="[845,900,1892,1918]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A–E</emphasis>
|
||
. From USA, Montana, Lolo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G092).
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC78FFD80A6A63AEE2B1F872" bold="true" box="[382,436,1928,1954]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">F–H</emphasis>
|
||
. From California, Inyo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G089).
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC78FFD80F3563AEE752F872" bold="true" box="[1057,1111,1928,1954]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A–B</emphasis>
|
||
. Chelicerae, frontal and lateral views.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC78FFD80A4A638DE290F815" bold="true" box="[350,405,1963,1989]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C–E</emphasis>
|
||
. Left palpal tarsus and procursus, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC78FFD80E14638DE632F815" bold="true" box="[1280,1335,1963,1989]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">F–H</emphasis>
|
||
. Left genital bulb, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. Scale bars = 0.3 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC79FFD90BFE6548E240FE58" blockId="15.[187,1398,366,533]" box="[234,325,366,392]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC79FFD90BFE6548E240FE58" bold="true" box="[234,325,366,392]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Female</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC79FFD90BA965B7E28EFDC4" blockId="15.[187,1398,366,533]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
In general similar to male but sternum without pair of anterior humps, and chelicerae without stridulatory files. Tibia
|
||
<quantity id="4CA19B02AC79FFD90A296592E26DFE1E" box="[317,360,436,462]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5FFD6EAC79FFD90A7A6592E2E9FE1E" box="[366,492,436,463]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">15 females</specimenCount>
|
||
(incl. specimens measured in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B16AC79FFD908536592E0D3FE1E" author="Huber B. A." box="[839,982,436,462]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 348" refId="ref34125" refString="Huber B. A. 2000. New World pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae): a revision at generic level. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 254: 1 - 348. https: // doi. org / brh 26 h" type="journal article" year="2000">Huber 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
): 1.25–1.70 (mean 1.48). Epigynum and internal female genitalia as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A62AC79FFD9095A65F1E1B2FE21" box="[590,695,471,497]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="15.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionStartId-1="16.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,792,1847]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1398,656,1847]" captionTargetId-0="figure-146@15.[189,1398,792,1847]" captionTargetId-1="figure-107@16.[189,1398,656,1847]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionText-0="Fig. 6. Pholcophora americana Banks, 1896, females. A–B. From USA, California, Inyo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G089).C–D. From Colorado, near Golden (ZFMK USA16). Epigyna, ventral and lateral views. Abbreviations: ep = epigynum (main epigynal plate); pep = posterior epigynal plate. Scale bar = 0.3 mm (all at same scale)." captionText-1="Fig. 7. Pholcophora americana Banks, 1896, cleared female genitalia. A–C. From USA, California, Inyo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G089). D–F. From Colorado, near Golden (ZFMK USA16). A, D. Ventral views. B, E. Dorsal views. C, F. Detail of median internal structures. Scale bars: A–B, D–E = 0.3 mm; C, F = 0.1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155490" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155492" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8155490/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8155492/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 6–7</figureCitation>
|
||
, apparently without median receptacle, without or with very small pore plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C343656CAC79FFC60BA9661AE149FEB9" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC79FFD90BA9661AE253FD86" blockId="15.[189,342,572,598]" box="[189,342,572,598]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<heading id="D0AE818BAC79FFD90BA9661AE253FD86" bold="true" box="[189,342,572,598]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC79FFD90BA9661AE253FD86" bold="true" box="[189,342,572,598]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC79FFC60BA9664CE149FEB9" blockId="15.[189,1399,618,716]" lastBlockId="16.[188,1398,265,362]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Widely distributed in the western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E7677AC79FFD90959664CE18EFD54" box="[589,651,618,644]" name="United States of America" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, ranging into SW
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E7677AC79FFD90875664CE0BCFD54" box="[865,953,618,644]" name="Canada" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499DF805AC79FFD908DC664CE79DFD54" box="[968,1176,618,644]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A62AC79FFD90FA4664CE7FDFD54" box="[1200,1272,618,644]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,730,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-150@11.[189,1398,730,1773]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 2. Known distributions of ‘true’ Pholcophora Banks, 1896 (orange marks) and of presumably misplaced Caribbean ‘Pholcophora’ and of Papiamenta Huber, 2000 (red marks). Dominican amber species currently placed in Pholcophora are represented by an “F” in a pink square. Our molecular data suggest that Caribbean ‘Pholcophora’ are more closely related with the genus Papiamenta than with true Pholcophora. Barcoded specimens of Pholcophora americana Banks, 1896 are marked with an “x” and accompanied by the vial code (see Table 1 for details)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8155478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). The map in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A62AC79FFD90BCF66ABE21AFD78" box="[219,287,653,680]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,730,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-150@11.[189,1398,730,1773]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 2. Known distributions of ‘true’ Pholcophora Banks, 1896 (orange marks) and of presumably misplaced Caribbean ‘Pholcophora’ and of Papiamenta Huber, 2000 (red marks). Dominican amber species currently placed in Pholcophora are represented by an “F” in a pink square. Our molecular data suggest that Caribbean ‘Pholcophora’ are more closely related with the genus Papiamenta than with true Pholcophora. Barcoded specimens of Pholcophora americana Banks, 1896 are marked with an “x” and accompanied by the vial code (see Table 1 for details)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8155478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
includes many records from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499DF805AC79FFD9096766ABE03BFD77" box="[627,830,653,679]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
|
||
that were first shown in a map in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B16AC79FFD90FDC66A8E677FD78" author="Bennett R." box="[1224,1394,654,680]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref32245" refString="Bennett R. 2014. COSEWIC assessment and status report on the northwestern cellar spider Psilochorus hesperus in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endagered Wildlife in Canada, Ottawa. Available from https: // wildlife-species. canada. ca / species-risk-registry / default. asp? lang = En & n = 092035 C 0 - 1 [accessed 26 May 2023]." type="url" year="2014">Bennett (2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 5). A list of locality names was later published online in the Checklist of the Spiders (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D64AC79FFD90E1D6697E66BFD1B" authorityName="Clerck" authorityYear="1757" box="[1289,1390,689,715]" class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Araneae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499DF805AC66FFC60BF6652FE2B7FEF3" box="[226,434,265,291]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
|
||
(http://staff.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/). The Canadian dots in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A62AC66FFC60F90652FE7CBFEF3" box="[1156,1230,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,730,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-150@11.[189,1398,730,1773]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 2. Known distributions of ‘true’ Pholcophora Banks, 1896 (orange marks) and of presumably misplaced Caribbean ‘Pholcophora’ and of Papiamenta Huber, 2000 (red marks). Dominican amber species currently placed in Pholcophora are represented by an “F” in a pink square. Our molecular data suggest that Caribbean ‘Pholcophora’ are more closely related with the genus Papiamenta than with true Pholcophora. Barcoded specimens of Pholcophora americana Banks, 1896 are marked with an “x” and accompanied by the vial code (see Table 1 for details)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8155478/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
are based on coordinates of specimens digitized at the Royal
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499DF805AC66FFC609FE650AE0B1FE96" box="[746,948,300,326]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
|
||
Museum that were kindly provided by C. Copley (pers. com.
|
||
<date id="FFE71027AC66FFC60AD16569E145FEB9" box="[453,576,335,361]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2017-02">Feb. 2017</date>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF26666FAC79FFD90BA96342E292F839" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155490" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8155490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8155490/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" startId="15.[189,232,1892,1918]" targetBox="[189,1398,792,1847]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC79FFD90BA96342E292F839" blockId="15.[188,1399,1892,2025]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC79FFD90BA96342E208F8AF" bold="true" box="[189,269,1892,1919]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D64AC79FFD90A026343E1D3F8AF" authority="Banks, 1896" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1896" box="[278,726,1893,1919]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC79FFD90A026343E133F8AF" box="[278,566,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Pholcophora americana</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B16AC79FFD9092B6343E1D3F8AF" author="Banks N." box="[575,726,1893,1919]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="57 - 77" refId="ref32200" refString="Banks N. 1896. New North American spiders and mites. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 23: 57 - 77. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 7508724 [accessed 26 May 2023]." type="journal article" year="1896">Banks, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, females.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC79FFD908466342E082F8AE" bold="true" box="[850,903,1892,1918]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">A–B</emphasis>
|
||
. From USA, California, Inyo Nat. Forest (ZFMK G089).
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC79FFD90A6263AEE2AAF872" bold="true" box="[374,431,1928,1954]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C–D</emphasis>
|
||
. From Colorado, near Golden (ZFMK USA16). Epigyna, ventral and lateral views. Abbreviations: ep = epigynum (main epigynal plate); pep = posterior epigynal plate. Scale bar = 0.3 mm (all at same scale).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C343656CAC66FFC60BA965B7E0F9FD93" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC66FFC60BA965B7E27BFE7A" blockId="16.[189,382,400,427]" box="[189,382,400,427]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<heading id="D0AE818BAC66FFC60BA965B7E27BFE7A" bold="true" box="[189,382,400,427]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEAF5AC66FFC60BA965B7E27BFE7A" bold="true" box="[189,382,400,427]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Natural history</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636E7AC66FFC60BA96599E0F9FD93" blockId="16.[189,1401,447,579]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Surprisingly, nothing is known about the biology of this widespread spider beyond some basic habitat data taken from labels. It has usually been found under rocks, wood debris, and other objects on the ground, often in pine forests. The most northern records (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499DF805AC66FFC608616620E742FDF0" box="[885,1095,518,544]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
|
||
) suggest that this species tolerates very cold winters, with occasional temperatures below -10°C.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |