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<mods:title id="AA151A1FFCC907D64A9043C6BCE7F5D0">Stratigraphy, paleontology and age of the Fruitland and Kirtland Formations (upper Cretaceous), San Juan Basin, New Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7661BC6C1D84AF96BC2C0D9E60CC7F0D">Hunt, A. P.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="36ED4D23D6248613FF46FE07FEA8FCF4" box="[170,346,437,469]" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" infraOrder="Carnosauria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="infraOrder">Carnosaurs</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F15236A0D6248613FEB6FE07FBB8FF84" blockId="13.[131,1206,188,3008]" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FE6DFE07FDEEFCF4" box="[385,540,437,469]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">Carnosaur</emphasis>
specimens
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FD25FE07FD06FCF4" box="[713,756,437,469]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">are</emphasis>
rare in
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FC84FE07FC66FCF4" box="[872,916,437,469]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">the</emphasis>
Fruitland
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FBC3FE07FB91FCF4" box="[1071,1123,437,469]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">and</emphasis>
Kirtland Formations. Although generically indeterminate, one
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FBC5FE6DFF1DFF0B" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">specimen worthy</emphasis>
of
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FEC5FDB8FE7FFF0B" box="[297,397,522,554]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">note is</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="41853CFDD6248613FE70FDB8FD45FF0B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2556252028" box="[412,695,522,554]" collectionCode="NMMNH" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" specimenCode="NMMNH P-20879">
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FE70FDB8FDDEFF0B" box="[412,556,522,554]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">NMMNH</emphasis>
P-20879
</materialsCitation>
(
<figureCitation id="69D62A25D6248613FD3CFDB8FCDEFF0B" box="[720,812,522,554]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="14.[82,204,2652,2680]" captionTargetBox="[299,2105,149,2626]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Dinosaur bones from the Fruitland and Kirtland Formations. A, Chevron of indeterminate hadrosaur (NMMNH P-1043) from the upper Fruitland Formation in posterior view. B-C, Ribs of indeterminate hadrosaur (NMMNH P-1043) from the upper Fruitland Formation in medial view with healed fractures D-E, Edmontosaurus saskatchewanenss, right humerus (NMMNH P-1041) from the Naashoibito Member of the Kirtland Formation in posterior (D) and anterior (E) views F, Posterior left tibia and astragalus of indeterminate hadrosaur (NMMNH P-1043) from the upper Fruitland Formation in posterior view. G Left femur of indeterminate hadrosaur (NMMNH P-1043) from the upper Fruitland Formation in posterior view. H. Articulated left metatarsals 2 and 3 of an indeterminate hadrosaur (NMMNH P-1043) from the upper Fruitland Formation in anterior view. I-J, Indeterminate nodosaurid osteoscutes (NMMNH P-1078) from the Naashoibito Member of the Kirtland Formation in dorsal view. K-L, Indeterminate nodosaurid osteoscutes (NMMNH P-20880) from the upper Fruitland Formation in dorsal view. M, Third phalanx of fourth digit of pes of a tyrannosaurid (NMMNH P-20879) from the Naashoibito Member of the Kirtland Formation Scale bars are 10 cm except for G (50 cm) and I (1 cm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3615002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3615002/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
M), a pedal phalanx from the Kirtland Member.
<materialsCitation id="41853CFDD6248613FE35FD81FD00FF72" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2556252035" box="[473,754,563,595]" collectionCode="NMMNH" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" specimenCode="NMMNH P-20879">
NMMNH
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FD9AFD81FD64FF72" box="[630,662,563,595]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">P-</emphasis>
20879
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is comparable with phalanges
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FF68FDEEFE86FF5D" box="[132,372,604,636]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">
of
<taxonomicName id="36ED4D23D6248613FF5BFDEEFE86FF5D" authorityName="Maleev" authorityYear="1955" box="[183,372,604,636]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tarbosaurus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="957C4B51D6248613FE7FFDEEFD2AFF5D" author="Molnar" box="[403,728,604,636]" editor="Weis - hampel, D. B. &amp; Dodson, P. &amp; Osmolska. H." etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Molnar" journalOrPublisher="University of California Press" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" pagination="169 - 209" refId="ref19949" refString="Molnar. R. E .. Kurzanov, S. M. and Dong. Z., 1990, Camosauria; n Weis - hampel, D. B., Dodson, P. and Osmolska. H., eds., The Dinosauria: Berkeley, University of California Press, p. 169 - 209" title="Camosauria" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The Dinosauria" year="1990">
Molnar
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FDF9FDEEFDDDFF5D" box="[533,559,604,636]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">et</emphasis>
al., 1990
</bibRefCitation>
,
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FD18FDEEFCEFFF5D" bold="true" box="[756,797,604,636]" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">fig</emphasis>
. 6.12E)
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FC58FDEEFB41FF5D" box="[948,1203,604,636]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">and undoubtedly</emphasis>
represents
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FEC7FD37FEAAFF84" box="[299,344,645,677]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">the</emphasis>
third phalanx
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FDD7FD37FDAEFF84" box="[571,604,645,677]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">of</emphasis>
the
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FD4DFD37FD08FF84" box="[673,762,645,677]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">fourth</emphasis>
digit of
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FC68FD37FC42FF84" box="[900,944,645,677]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">the</emphasis>
right pes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F15236A0D6248613FF47FD1CFD9DF94A" blockId="13.[131,1206,188,3008]" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">
The record
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FE8AFD1CFE75FFEF" bold="true" box="[358,391,686,718]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">of</emphasis>
tyrannosaurids in the San Juan Basin is poor, with only one
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FEFAFD65FE86FFD6" box="[278,372,727,759]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">partial</emphasis>
skeleton (of
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FDD0FD65FC98FFD6" box="[572,874,727,759]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">
<taxonomicName id="36ED4D23D6248613FDD0FD65FD1DFFD6" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[572,751,727,759]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Aublysodon</taxonomicName>
) known
</emphasis>
from either
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FBCBFD65FBA6FFD6" box="[1063,1108,727,759]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">the</emphasis>
Fruit ­ land
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FF38FCB2FF06FE01" box="[212,244,768,800]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">or</emphasis>
Kirtland Formations (
<bibRefCitation id="957C4B51D6248613FDBDFCB2FBE8FE01" author="Lehman and Carpenter" box="[593,1050,768,800]" firstAuthor="Lehman" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Paleontology" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" pagination="1026 - 1032" part="64" refId="ref19347" refString="Lehman, T. M. and Carpenter, K., 1990, A partial skeleton of the tyrannosaurid dinosaur Aublysodon from the Upper Cretaceous of New Mexico: Journal of Paleontology, v. 64, p. 1026 - 1032." title="A partial skeleton of the tyrannosaurid dinosaur Aublysodon from the Upper Cretaceous of New Mexico" type="book chapter" year="1990">Lehman and Carpenter, 1990</bibRefCitation>
). It is not even
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FF3AFC9BFED2FE68" bold="true" box="[214,288,809,841]" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">clear</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FEC7FC9BFEB0FE68" box="[299,322,809,841]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">if</emphasis>
this
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FE67FC9BFE2FFE68" box="[395,477,809,841]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">taxon</emphasis>
is a tyrannosaur (
<bibRefCitation id="957C4B51D6248613FD05FC9BFBE1FE68" author="Molnar" box="[745,1043,809,841]" editor="Weis - hampel, D. B. &amp; Dodson, P. &amp; Osmolska. H." etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Molnar" journalOrPublisher="University of California Press" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" pagination="169 - 209" refId="ref19949" refString="Molnar. R. E .. Kurzanov, S. M. and Dong. Z., 1990, Camosauria; n Weis - hampel, D. B., Dodson, P. and Osmolska. H., eds., The Dinosauria: Berkeley, University of California Press, p. 169 - 209" title="Camosauria" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The Dinosauria" year="1990">Molnar et al., 1990</bibRefCitation>
). The
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FB9FFC9BFB41FE68" box="[1139,1203,809,841]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">only</emphasis>
questionable record of
<taxonomicName id="36ED4D23D6248613FE32FCE3FD4EFE50" authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[478,700,849,881]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FE32FCE3FD4EFE50" box="[478,700,849,881]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FD0BFCE3FB91FE50" box="[743,1123,849,881]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">based on an isolated tooth</emphasis>
from the Naashoibito Member
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FDEEFCC8FDD1FEBB" bold="true" box="[514,547,890,922]" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">of</emphasis>
the Kinland Formation (
<bibRefCitation id="957C4B51D6248613FC7DFCC8FB53FEBB" author="Lucas" box="[913,1185,890,922]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lucas" journalOrPublisher="Geological Society of America, Special Paper" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" pagination="35 - 50" part="209" refId="ref19807" refString="Lucas, S. G .. Mateer. N. J .. Hunt. A. P. and O'Neill. F. M. 1987, Dinosaurs, the age of the Fruitland and Kirtland Formations, and the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in the San Juan Basin. New Mexico: Geological Society of America, Special Paper 209, p. 35 - 50" title="Dinosaurs, the age of the Fruitland and Kirtland Formations, and the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in the San Juan Basin. New Mexico" type="journal article" year="1987">
Lucas et
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FBFAFCC8FBCBFEBB" box="[1046,1081,890,922]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">al</emphasis>
., 1987
</bibRefCitation>
).
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FF69FC11FE0DFEE2" box="[133,511,931,963]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">Tyrannosaurid taxonomy</emphasis>
is in a state
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FD52FC11FD2CFEE2" box="[702,734,931,963]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">of</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FD04FC11FCD6FEE2" bold="true" box="[744,804,931,963]" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">flux</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FCD4FC11FC85FEE2" box="[824,887,931,963]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">as is</emphasis>
obvious
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FBEFFC11FEAAFECD" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">if the recent classifications</emphasis>
of
<bibRefCitation id="957C4B51D6248613FE66FC7EFDCBFECD" author="Paul" bookContentInfo="464 p" box="[394,569,972,1004]" firstAuthor="Paul" journalOrPublisher="Simon and Schuster" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" refId="ref20423" refString="Paul, G. S., 1988. Predatory dinosarus of the world: New York. Simon and Schuster, 464 p" title="Predatory dinosarus of the world" type="book" year="1988">Paul (1988)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="957C4B51D6248613FDA7FC7EFC83FECD" author="Molnar" box="[587,881,972,1004]" editor="Weis - hampel, D. B. &amp; Dodson, P. &amp; Osmolska. H." etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Molnar" journalOrPublisher="University of California Press" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" pagination="169 - 209" refId="ref19949" refString="Molnar. R. E .. Kurzanov, S. M. and Dong. Z., 1990, Camosauria; n Weis - hampel, D. B., Dodson, P. and Osmolska. H., eds., The Dinosauria: Berkeley, University of California Press, p. 169 - 209" title="Camosauria" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The Dinosauria" year="1990">
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FDA7FC7EFD4AFECD" bold="true" box="[587,696,972,1004]" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">Molnar</emphasis>
et al. (1990)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="957C4B51D6248613FC54FC7EFB41FECD" author="Carpenter" bookContentInfo="318 p." box="[952,1203,972,1004]" editor="Carpenter. K. &amp; Currie. P. J." firstAuthor="Carpenter" journalOrPublisher="Cambridge University Press" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" refId="ref17080" refString="Carpenter. K. and Currie. P. J., eds., 1990, Dinosaur systematics: perspectives and approaches: Cambridge. Cambridge University Press, 318 p." title="Dinosaur systematics: perspectives and approaches" type="book" year="1990">Carpenter (1990)</bibRefCitation>
are
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FF2EFC44FEA9F937" box="[194,347,1014,1046]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">compared</emphasis>
. Until
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FE23FC44FD99F937" box="[463,619,1014,1046]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">the family</emphasis>
is revised and the osteology of some important taxa (e.g..
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FE0CFB92FCFAF961" box="[480,776,1056,1088]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">
<taxonomicName id="36ED4D23D6248613FE0CFB92FD32F961" authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[480,704,1056,1088]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tyrannosaurus</taxonomicName>
) are
</emphasis>
described, it is
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FBF8FB92FB75F961" box="[1044,1159,1056,1088]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">difficult</emphasis>
to identify
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FEE4FBF9FD99F94A" box="[264,619,1099,1131]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">fragmentary specimens</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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