195 lines
20 KiB
XML
195 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="997C521EF8AD5B864282CF7978B75803" ID-CLB-Dataset="24289" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.3614972" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c026b052-b7ca-498d-b55b-5b3c092d0c84" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3614972" IM.bibliography_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1579602425444" checkinUser="jeremy" docAuthor="Hunt, A. P. & Lucas, S. G." docDate="1992" docId="794487B6D6248613FF46FE07FD9DF94A" docLanguage="en" docName="HuntLucas1992_OCR.pdf.image.imf" docOrigin="New Mexico Geological Society, New Mexico Geological Society 43 rd Annual Fall Field Conference Guidebook" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Carnosauria" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="228" masterDocId="857DFFCED629861EFFECFFB2FFF2FD21" masterDocTitle="Stratigraphy, paleontology and age of the Fruitland and Kirtland Formations (upper Cretaceous), San Juan Basin, New Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="239" masterPageNumber="217" pageNumber="228" updateTime="1698778392093" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="23087E206540D185D6D7DF7A32417997">
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<mods:title id="AA151A1FFCC907D64A9043C6BCE7F5D0">Stratigraphy, paleontology and age of the Fruitland and Kirtland Formations (upper Cretaceous), San Juan Basin, New Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7661BC6C1D84AF96BC2C0D9E60CC7F0D">Hunt, A. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C8D44F47E463A02D4DABED7CD9C9EF06">Lucas, S. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="D28B905DD2945B9E7AA5DBB787F13FD2">1992</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="3D745B4C972265DB39429FBFBBA31A7E">New Mexico Geological Society 43 rd Annual Fall Field Conference Guidebook</mods:publisher>
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<mods:namePart id="EEECD8107CB2AA8505CE87B55ABBDB72">Lucas, S. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5A92C6C68DB38934DEE469290CD8239F">Kues, B. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="63318ED391A14CE59BD749FD8649BA0A">Williamson, T. E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0373AA3A18037ABBD75801E8D18B6A14">Hunt, A. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:titleInfo id="00FC7BED198FD1971B7EDEC7C06E1BF2">
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<mods:title id="07EA4D1FD03B141B314977EB6542A595">New Mexico Geological Society</mods:title>
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<mods:classification id="5EE90FA2D72E78B4516C3F0A07B2E13F">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="090DA29E27AB999774F74550A6B99695" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.3614972</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="794487B6D6248613FF46FE07FD9DF94A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4420205" ID-GBIF-Taxon="161786607" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4420205" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:794487B6D6248613FF46FE07FD9DF94A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/794487B6D6248613FF46FE07FD9DF94A" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">
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<subSubSection id="B9F7652BD6248613FF46FE07FEA8FCF4" box="[170,346,437,469]" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F15236A0D6248613FF46FE07FEA8FCF4" blockId="13.[131,1206,188,3008]" box="[170,346,437,469]" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">
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<taxonomicName id="36ED4D23D6248613FF46FE07FEA8FCF4" box="[170,346,437,469]" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" infraOrder="Carnosauria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="infraOrder">Carnosaurs</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B9F7652BD6248613FEB6FE07FD9DF94A" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="F15236A0D6248613FEB6FE07FBB8FF84" blockId="13.[131,1206,188,3008]" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">
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—
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FE6DFE07FDEEFCF4" box="[385,540,437,469]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">Carnosaur</emphasis>
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specimens
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FD25FE07FD06FCF4" box="[713,756,437,469]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">are</emphasis>
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rare in
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FC84FE07FC66FCF4" box="[872,916,437,469]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">the</emphasis>
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Fruitland
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FBC3FE07FB91FCF4" box="[1071,1123,437,469]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">and</emphasis>
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Kirtland Formations. Although generically indeterminate, one
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FBC5FE6DFF1DFF0B" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">specimen worthy</emphasis>
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of
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||
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FEC5FDB8FE7FFF0B" box="[297,397,522,554]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">note is</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="41853CFDD6248613FE70FDB8FD45FF0B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2556252028" box="[412,695,522,554]" collectionCode="NMMNH" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" specimenCode="NMMNH P-20879">
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FE70FDB8FDDEFF0B" box="[412,556,522,554]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">NMMNH</emphasis>
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P-20879
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</materialsCitation>
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(
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<figureCitation id="69D62A25D6248613FD3CFDB8FCDEFF0B" box="[720,812,522,554]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="14.[82,204,2652,2680]" captionTargetBox="[299,2105,149,2626]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Dinosaur bones from the Fruitland and Kirtland Formations. A, Chevron of indeterminate hadrosaur (NMMNH P-1043) from the upper Fruitland Formation in posterior view. B-C, Ribs of indeterminate hadrosaur (NMMNH P-1043) from the upper Fruitland Formation in medial view with healed fractures D-E, Edmontosaurus saskatchewanenss, right humerus (NMMNH P-1041) from the Naashoibito Member of the Kirtland Formation in posterior (D) and anterior (E) views F, Posterior left tibia and astragalus of indeterminate hadrosaur (NMMNH P-1043) from the upper Fruitland Formation in posterior view. G Left femur of indeterminate hadrosaur (NMMNH P-1043) from the upper Fruitland Formation in posterior view. H. Articulated left metatarsals 2 and 3 of an indeterminate hadrosaur (NMMNH P-1043) from the upper Fruitland Formation in anterior view. I-J, Indeterminate nodosaurid osteoscutes (NMMNH P-1078) from the Naashoibito Member of the Kirtland Formation in dorsal view. K-L, Indeterminate nodosaurid osteoscutes (NMMNH P-20880) from the upper Fruitland Formation in dorsal view. M, Third phalanx of fourth digit of pes of a tyrannosaurid (NMMNH P-20879) from the Naashoibito Member of the Kirtland Formation Scale bars are 10 cm except for G (50 cm) and I (1 cm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3615002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3615002/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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M), a pedal phalanx from the Kirtland Member.
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<materialsCitation id="41853CFDD6248613FE35FD81FD00FF72" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2556252035" box="[473,754,563,595]" collectionCode="NMMNH" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" specimenCode="NMMNH P-20879">
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NMMNH
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FD9AFD81FD64FF72" box="[630,662,563,595]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">P-</emphasis>
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20879
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</materialsCitation>
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is comparable with phalanges
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FF68FDEEFE86FF5D" box="[132,372,604,636]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">
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of
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<taxonomicName id="36ED4D23D6248613FF5BFDEEFE86FF5D" authorityName="Maleev" authorityYear="1955" box="[183,372,604,636]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tarbosaurus</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="957C4B51D6248613FE7FFDEEFD2AFF5D" author="Molnar" box="[403,728,604,636]" editor="Weis - hampel, D. B. & Dodson, P. & Osmolska. H." etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Molnar" journalOrPublisher="University of California Press" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" pagination="169 - 209" refId="ref19949" refString="Molnar. R. E .. Kurzanov, S. M. and Dong. Z., 1990, Camosauria; n Weis - hampel, D. B., Dodson, P. and Osmolska. H., eds., The Dinosauria: Berkeley, University of California Press, p. 169 - 209" title="Camosauria" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The Dinosauria" year="1990">
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Molnar
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FDF9FDEEFDDDFF5D" box="[533,559,604,636]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">et</emphasis>
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||
al., 1990
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FD18FDEEFCEFFF5D" bold="true" box="[756,797,604,636]" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">fig</emphasis>
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. 6.12E)
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FC58FDEEFB41FF5D" box="[948,1203,604,636]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">and undoubtedly</emphasis>
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represents
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FEC7FD37FEAAFF84" box="[299,344,645,677]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">the</emphasis>
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third phalanx
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FDD7FD37FDAEFF84" box="[571,604,645,677]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">of</emphasis>
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the
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FD4DFD37FD08FF84" box="[673,762,645,677]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">fourth</emphasis>
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digit of
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FC68FD37FC42FF84" box="[900,944,645,677]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">the</emphasis>
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right pes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F15236A0D6248613FF47FD1CFD9DF94A" blockId="13.[131,1206,188,3008]" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">
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The record
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FE8AFD1CFE75FFEF" bold="true" box="[358,391,686,718]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">of</emphasis>
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tyrannosaurids in the San Juan Basin is poor, with only one
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FEFAFD65FE86FFD6" box="[278,372,727,759]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">partial</emphasis>
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skeleton (of
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FDD0FD65FC98FFD6" box="[572,874,727,759]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">
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<taxonomicName id="36ED4D23D6248613FDD0FD65FD1DFFD6" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[572,751,727,759]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Aublysodon</taxonomicName>
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) known
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</emphasis>
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from either
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FBCBFD65FBA6FFD6" box="[1063,1108,727,759]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">the</emphasis>
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Fruit land
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FF38FCB2FF06FE01" box="[212,244,768,800]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">or</emphasis>
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Kirtland Formations (
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<bibRefCitation id="957C4B51D6248613FDBDFCB2FBE8FE01" author="Lehman and Carpenter" box="[593,1050,768,800]" firstAuthor="Lehman" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Paleontology" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" pagination="1026 - 1032" part="64" refId="ref19347" refString="Lehman, T. M. and Carpenter, K., 1990, A partial skeleton of the tyrannosaurid dinosaur Aublysodon from the Upper Cretaceous of New Mexico: Journal of Paleontology, v. 64, p. 1026 - 1032." title="A partial skeleton of the tyrannosaurid dinosaur Aublysodon from the Upper Cretaceous of New Mexico" type="book chapter" year="1990">Lehman and Carpenter, 1990</bibRefCitation>
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). It is not even
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FF3AFC9BFED2FE68" bold="true" box="[214,288,809,841]" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">clear</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FEC7FC9BFEB0FE68" box="[299,322,809,841]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">if</emphasis>
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this
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<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FE67FC9BFE2FFE68" box="[395,477,809,841]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">taxon</emphasis>
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is a tyrannosaur (
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<bibRefCitation id="957C4B51D6248613FD05FC9BFBE1FE68" author="Molnar" box="[745,1043,809,841]" editor="Weis - hampel, D. B. & Dodson, P. & Osmolska. H." etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Molnar" journalOrPublisher="University of California Press" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" pagination="169 - 209" refId="ref19949" refString="Molnar. R. E .. Kurzanov, S. M. and Dong. Z., 1990, Camosauria; n Weis - hampel, D. B., Dodson, P. and Osmolska. H., eds., The Dinosauria: Berkeley, University of California Press, p. 169 - 209" title="Camosauria" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The Dinosauria" year="1990">Molnar et al., 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FB9FFC9BFB41FE68" box="[1139,1203,809,841]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">only</emphasis>
|
||
questionable record of
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||
<taxonomicName id="36ED4D23D6248613FE32FCE3FD4EFE50" authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[478,700,849,881]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FE32FCE3FD4EFE50" box="[478,700,849,881]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
is
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||
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FD0BFCE3FB91FE50" box="[743,1123,849,881]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">based on an isolated tooth</emphasis>
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from the Naashoibito Member
|
||
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FDEEFCC8FDD1FEBB" bold="true" box="[514,547,890,922]" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">of</emphasis>
|
||
the Kinland Formation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="957C4B51D6248613FC7DFCC8FB53FEBB" author="Lucas" box="[913,1185,890,922]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lucas" journalOrPublisher="Geological Society of America, Special Paper" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" pagination="35 - 50" part="209" refId="ref19807" refString="Lucas, S. G .. Mateer. N. J .. Hunt. A. P. and O'Neill. F. M. 1987, Dinosaurs, the age of the Fruitland and Kirtland Formations, and the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in the San Juan Basin. New Mexico: Geological Society of America, Special Paper 209, p. 35 - 50" title="Dinosaurs, the age of the Fruitland and Kirtland Formations, and the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in the San Juan Basin. New Mexico" type="journal article" year="1987">
|
||
Lucas et
|
||
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FBFAFCC8FBCBFEBB" box="[1046,1081,890,922]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1987
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FF69FC11FE0DFEE2" box="[133,511,931,963]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">Tyrannosaurid taxonomy</emphasis>
|
||
is in a state
|
||
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FD52FC11FD2CFEE2" box="[702,734,931,963]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">of</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FD04FC11FCD6FEE2" bold="true" box="[744,804,931,963]" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">flux</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FCD4FC11FC85FEE2" box="[824,887,931,963]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">as is</emphasis>
|
||
obvious
|
||
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FBEFFC11FEAAFECD" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">if the recent classifications</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="957C4B51D6248613FE66FC7EFDCBFECD" author="Paul" bookContentInfo="464 p" box="[394,569,972,1004]" firstAuthor="Paul" journalOrPublisher="Simon and Schuster" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" refId="ref20423" refString="Paul, G. S., 1988. Predatory dinosarus of the world: New York. Simon and Schuster, 464 p" title="Predatory dinosarus of the world" type="book" year="1988">Paul (1988)</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="957C4B51D6248613FDA7FC7EFC83FECD" author="Molnar" box="[587,881,972,1004]" editor="Weis - hampel, D. B. & Dodson, P. & Osmolska. H." etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Molnar" journalOrPublisher="University of California Press" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" pagination="169 - 209" refId="ref19949" refString="Molnar. R. E .. Kurzanov, S. M. and Dong. Z., 1990, Camosauria; n Weis - hampel, D. B., Dodson, P. and Osmolska. H., eds., The Dinosauria: Berkeley, University of California Press, p. 169 - 209" title="Camosauria" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The Dinosauria" year="1990">
|
||
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FDA7FC7EFD4AFECD" bold="true" box="[587,696,972,1004]" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">Molnar</emphasis>
|
||
et al. (1990)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="957C4B51D6248613FC54FC7EFB41FECD" author="Carpenter" bookContentInfo="318 p." box="[952,1203,972,1004]" editor="Carpenter. K. & Currie. P. J." firstAuthor="Carpenter" journalOrPublisher="Cambridge University Press" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" refId="ref17080" refString="Carpenter. K. and Currie. P. J., eds., 1990, Dinosaur systematics: perspectives and approaches: Cambridge. Cambridge University Press, 318 p." title="Dinosaur systematics: perspectives and approaches" type="book" year="1990">Carpenter (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are
|
||
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FF2EFC44FEA9F937" box="[194,347,1014,1046]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">compared</emphasis>
|
||
. Until
|
||
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FE23FC44FD99F937" box="[463,619,1014,1046]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">the family</emphasis>
|
||
is revised and the osteology of some important taxa (e.g..
|
||
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FE0CFB92FCFAF961" box="[480,776,1056,1088]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="36ED4D23D6248613FE0CFB92FD32F961" authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[480,704,1056,1088]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tyrannosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
described, it is
|
||
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FBF8FB92FB75F961" box="[1044,1159,1056,1088]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">difficult</emphasis>
|
||
to identify
|
||
<emphasis id="C399EAB2D6248613FEE4FBF9FD99F94A" box="[264,619,1099,1131]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="228">fragmentary specimens</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |