601 lines
75 KiB
XML
601 lines
75 KiB
XML
<document id="40E2C5752EF33003A8DF969AE913B22C" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.199134" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0c506fe3-a8a8-4d4b-84ce-6835248b1146" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="199134" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460328720974" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Stewart, Andrew L. & Pietsch, Theodore W." docDate="2010" docId="60038798FFAC0755FF30FF2FC3D7FCA7" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02671p060.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2671" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Himantolophus litoceras Stewart & Pietsch, 2010, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="59" masterDocId="9C3AFFE0FFAD0753FFA7FFB8C273FFF0" masterDocTitle="A new species of deep-sea anglerfish, genus Himantolophus (Lophiiformes: Himantolophidae) from the Western South Pacific, with comments on the validity of H. pseudalbinares" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="54" updateTime="1698258282207" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="0C9C9E1C93F67136549E675F7CD0677B">A new species of deep-sea anglerfish, genus Himantolophus (Lophiiformes: Himantolophidae) from the Western South Pacific, with comments on the validity of H. pseudalbinares</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4A342CF6602F0291C0D41E0697DF6542">Stewart, Andrew L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3BE8329A7C42CFEC3DCE48332A4C8191">Pietsch, Theodore W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0FE50ED4D030EA0958948D0CDED0E4B6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="9A0E00A9FD475E28E57D8120C1123B1C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4A922A67054D0057CE1029BFC9F0D40F">
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<mods:date id="4FBD6C542EE12D34EDB3548C7F86E355">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8F36297596F2348965199EE29AB41655">2671</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="6F38202D1DBC7E500CD6CAA1924D040A" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.199134</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="19C1BA2A7E32370E8042B0C0C26DE7B2" type="GBIF-Dataset">0c506fe3-a8a8-4d4b-84ce-6835248b1146</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B6B511790E794BC32B0D3675F8CD3B41" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="78934678C80C24EE03B630899803FB5F" type="Zenodo-Dep">199134</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="60038798FFAC0755FF30FF2FC3D7FCA7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6197496" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119404203" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6197496" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:60038798FFAC0755FF30FF2FC3D7FCA7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/60038798FFAC0755FF30FF2FC3D7FCA7" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<subSubSection id="A0B06505FFAC0752FF30FF2FC333FF24" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E815368EFFAC0752FF30FF2FC02AFF41" blockId="1.[151,601,151,212]" box="[151,601,151,177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<heading id="B35D81E2FFAC0752FF30FF2FC02AFF41" bold="true" box="[151,601,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAC0752FF30FF2FC02AFF41" bold="true" box="[151,601,151,177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAC0752FF30FF2FC3B2FF41" ID-CoL="3LXY9" box="[151,449,151,177]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="litoceras" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAC0752FF30FF2FC3B2FF41" bold="true" box="[151,449,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Himantolophus litoceras</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="C1ED57E7FFAC0752FE6EFF2FC02AFF41" box="[457,601,151,177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E815368EFFAC0752FF30FF02C333FF24" blockId="1.[151,601,151,212]" box="[151,320,186,212]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<figureCitation id="70912A0BFFAC0752FF30FF02C376FF24" box="[151,261,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,258,1537,1561]" captionTargetBox="[325,1260,712,1515]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[325,1261,712,1516]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Himantolophus litoceras. Holotype, NMNZ P. 042004, 276 mm SL, South Cavalli Seamount: Freshly thawed. Photo: C. Struthers Te Papa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199135/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Figures 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="70912A0BFFAC0752FEB4FF02C357FF24" box="[275,292,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1297,1321]" captionTargetBox="[229,1353,318,1263]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[228,1358,306,1275]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Himantolophus litoceras. Holotype NMNZ P. 042004, 276 mm SL. Drawing: M. Freeborn." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199136/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="70912A0BFFAC0752FE96FF02C333FF24" box="[305,320,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1977,2001]" captionTargetBox="[434,1155,971,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[425,1162,967,1958]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Capture sites of Himantolophus litoceras, H. albinares and H. pseudalbinares. New Zealand 200 nautical mile. EEZ denoted by the white dotted line. Image: R. Crec’hriou Te Papa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199137/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">3</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A0B06505FFAC0752FF30FEBDC2AAFE65" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="E815368EFFAC0752FF30FEBDC2AAFE65" blockId="1.[151,1436,261,666]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAC0752FF30FEBDC39FFEEF" bold="true" box="[151,492,261,287]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<typeStatus id="3711882CFFAC0752FF30FEBDC37EFEEF" box="[151,269,261,287]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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<collectionCode id="8EBBAE4BFFAC0752FEBDFEBDC307FEEF" box="[282,372,261,287]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg7h-t7tk" name="Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">NMNZ</collectionCode>
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P.
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<date id="9C14104EFFAC0752FE34FEBDC39FFEEF" box="[403,492,261,287]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" value="04-04-20">042004</date>
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</emphasis>
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, female,
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<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAC0752FDFBFEBDC0CDFEEF" box="[604,702,261,287]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.76" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="276.0">276 mm</quantity>
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SL (
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<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAC0752FD5DFEBDC12DFEEF" box="[762,862,261,287]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.63" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="263.0">263 mm</quantity>
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SL preserved), F/V
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<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAC0752FBF3FEBDC74BFEEE" box="[1108,1336,261,286]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Seamount Explorer</emphasis>
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, Station OBS 2170/130, South Cavalli Seamount, east of North Cape, North Island,
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<collectingCountry id="90BD761EFFAC0752FB8BFE95C6A2FEB7" box="[1068,1233,301,327]" name="New Zealand" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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, 34º12.0'–14.0'S, 175º05.0'–07.0'E, bottom trawl,
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<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAC0752FDB8FEEDC01CFE9F" box="[543,623,341,367]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.54" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="654.0">654 m</quantity>
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, collected by Ted Turton, MFish Scientific Observer,
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<date id="9C14104EFFAC0752FAA2FEEDC2A6FE65" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" value="2005-11-07">7 November 2005</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A0B06505FFAC0752FF61FE18C31AFD6A" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="E815368EFFAC0752FF61FE18C31AFD6A" blockId="1.[151,1436,261,666]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAC0752FF61FE18C335FE4A" bold="true" box="[198,326,416,442]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Metamorphosed females of
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<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAC0752FD07FE19C1B5FE4A" box="[672,966,417,442]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="litoceras">
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<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAC0752FD07FE19C1B5FE4A" box="[672,966,417,442]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Himantolophus litoceras</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differ from those of other members of the
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<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAC0752FF63FE7EC338FE2F" box="[196,331,453,479]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cornifer">
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<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAC0752FF63FE7EC2AAFE2F" box="[196,217,454,479]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">H</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAC0752FF4DFE7EC338FE2F" box="[234,331,454,479]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">cornifer</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-group in having a pair of simple distal escal appendages, each lacking any trace of lateral appendages or filaments. It further differs in having the following combination of character states: length of illicium 31.1% SL (28.2% preserved); width of escal bulb 11.9% SL (10.5% preserved); illicium and esca without filaments; illicium, esca, and proximal one-half of distal escal appendage covered with tiny, close-set dermal spinules; distal escal appendages darkly pigmented, tip of intact filament silvery white in freshly thawed specimen.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="BCD56606FFAC0752FF30F9B9C06CF9C8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199135/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" targetBox="[325,1260,712,1515]" targetPageId="1">
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<paragraph id="E815368EFFAC0752FF30F9B9C06CF9C8" blockId="1.[151,1436,1537,1592]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAC0752FF30F9B9C36CF9E9" bold="true" box="[151,287,1537,1561]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAC0752FE80F9BAC04DF9E9" box="[295,574,1538,1561]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="litoceras">
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<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAC0752FE80F9BAC04DF9E9" box="[295,574,1538,1561]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Himantolophus litoceras</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Holotype, NMNZ P.042004, 276 mm SL, South Cavalli Seamount: Freshly thawed. Photo: C. Struthers Te Papa.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="A0B06505FFAC0751FF61F9DEC70EFF0C" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E815368EFFAC0751FF61F9DEC70EFF0C" blockId="1.[151,1437,1638,2038]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,152,252]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAC0752FF61F9DEC32CF970" bold="true" box="[198,351,1638,1664]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Description.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="3711882CFFAC0752FECEF9DFC3A5F971" box="[361,470,1639,1665]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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somewhat damaged by trawl, lower jaw broken, partially missing; about threequarters length of left distal escal appendage lost prior to capture, tip healed, showing no recent signs of injury; tip of intact distal escal appendage with some signs of damage, may not be complete. Distal escal appendages separated nearly from base, escal bulb with two lobes, escal pore on posterior margin of bulb, opening on a small raised protuberance. Stem of illicium darkly pigmented, escal bulb at base of distal escal appendages white; body without unpigmented patches of skin. Dorsal-fin rays 5, two anteriormost rays simple, but closely aligned (appearing as one), remaining rays bifurcated; anal-fin rays 4, bifurcated; pectoralfin rays 16, all simple and flattened; caudal-fin rays 9, upper- and lowermost ray closely aligned with adjacent ray for most of length (each appearing as one), innermost five rays bifurcated. Four dermal spines on lateral surface of each pectoral fin lobe; approximately 55 dermal spines of each side of body. Papillae of snout and chin well developed. Number of teeth in upper jaw 29 + 28, longest tooth
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<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAC0752FC58F864C62FF806" box="[1023,1116,2012,2038]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
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; longest tooth in lower jaw
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<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAF0751FF30FF20C285FF42" box="[151,246,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="7.8">7.8 mm</quantity>
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. Eye diameter
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<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAF0751FE0EFF20C076FF42" box="[425,517,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="9.8">9.8 mm</quantity>
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(
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<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAF0751FDB2FF20C001FF42" box="[533,626,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="6.4">6.4 mm</quantity>
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preserved); stem of illicium
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<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAF0751FC77FF20C657FF42" box="[976,1060,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="86.0">86 mm</quantity>
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(
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<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAF0751FB93FF20C6D3FF42" box="[1076,1184,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.43" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="74.3">74.3 mm</quantity>
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preserved); width of escal bulb
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<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAF0751FEB2FF05C31BFF27" box="[277,360,189,215]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="33.0">33 mm</quantity>
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||
(
|
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<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAF0751FEDFFF05C391FF27" box="[376,482,189,215]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.78" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="27.8">27.8 mm</quantity>
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preserved); length of intact distal escal appendage
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||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAF0751FB9AFF05C6ECFF27" box="[1085,1183,189,215]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.27" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="327.0">327 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAF0751FB09FF05C762FF27" box="[1198,1297,189,215]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.19" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="319.0">319 mm</quantity>
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||
preserved). Additional characters as provided for
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<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAF0751FDF5FF5AC0A7FF0B" box="[594,724,226,251]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cornifer">
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||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FDF5FF5AC0A7FF0B" box="[594,724,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">H. cornifer</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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-group by
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<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAF0751FCE9FF5AC6E1FF0C" author="Bertelsen" box="[846,1170,226,252]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" refString="Bertelsen, E. & Krefft, G. (1988) The ceratoid family Himantolophidae (Pisces, Lophiiformes). Steenstrupia, 14 (2), 9 - 89." type="journal article" year="1988">Bertelsen and Krefft (1988)</bibRefCitation>
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||
and
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||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAF0751FB6CFF5AC70AFF0C" author="Pietsch" box="[1227,1401,226,252]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" refString="Pietsch, T. W (2009) Oceanic Anglerfishes. Extraordinary Diversity in the Deep Sea. University of California Press, Berkeley. 557 pp." type="book" year="2009">Pietsch (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="BCD56606FFAF0751FF30FAA9C69BFAD8" box="[151,1256,1297,1321]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199136/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" targetBox="[229,1353,318,1263]" targetPageId="2">
|
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<paragraph id="E815368EFFAF0751FF30FAA9C69BFAD8" blockId="2.[151,1256,1297,1321]" box="[151,1256,1297,1321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FF30FAA9C36AFAD9" bold="true" box="[151,281,1297,1321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAF0751FE87FAA9C05BFAD8" box="[288,552,1297,1320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="litoceras">
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||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FE87FAA9C05BFAD8" box="[288,552,1297,1320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Himantolophus litoceras</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Holotype NMNZ P.042004, 276 mm SL. Drawing: M. Freeborn.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0B06505FFAF0751FF61FAE8C716F9BB" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFAF0751FF61FAE8C716F9BB" blockId="2.[151,1437,1360,2022]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FF61FAE8C322FA9A" bold="true" box="[198,337,1360,1386]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAF0751FEFEFAE9C00EFA9A" box="[345,637,1361,1386]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="litoceras" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FEFEFAE9C00EFA9A" box="[345,637,1361,1386]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Himantolophus litoceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FD23FAE8C0B5FA9A" bold="true" box="[644,710,1360,1386]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C1ED57E7FFAF0751FD23FAE8C0B5FA9A" box="[644,710,1360,1386]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is a member of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAF0751FC16FAE9C640FA9A" box="[945,1075,1361,1386]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cornifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FC16FAE9C640FA9A" box="[945,1075,1361,1386]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">H. cornifer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group as defined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAF0751FA8AFAE9C318FA60" author="Bertelsen" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" refString="Bertelsen, E. & Krefft, G. (1988) The ceratoid family Himantolophidae (Pisces, Lophiiformes). Steenstrupia, 14 (2), 9 - 89." type="journal article" year="1988">Bertelsen and Krefft (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, lacking posterior escal appendages. Within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAF0751FC0DFACFC65DFA60" box="[938,1070,1399,1424]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cornifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FC0DFACFC65DFA60" box="[938,1070,1399,1424]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">H. cornifer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group, the new species differs from the other members in lacking lateral branching along the distal escal appendage. It is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAF0751FAD8FA24C0C0FA2B" authority="Bertelsen and Krefft, 1988" authorityName="Bertelsen and Krefft" authorityYear="1988" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macroceratioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FAD8FA24C31BFA2A" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">H. macroceratioides</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAF0751FED7FA79C0C0FA2B" author="Bertelsen" box="[368,691,1473,1499]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" refString="Bertelsen, E. & Krefft, G. (1988) The ceratoid family Himantolophidae (Pisces, Lophiiformes). Steenstrupia, 14 (2), 9 - 89." type="journal article" year="1988">Bertelsen and Krefft, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(known from two specimens) in the length of the distal escal appendage and width of the escal bulb as a percentage of SL, as well as in escal pigmentation. However, the base of the illicium and most of the distal escal appendage are naked or only sparsely covered with dermal spinules in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAF0751FEBBF989C07FF9BA" box="[284,524,1585,1610]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macroceratioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FEBBF989C07FF9BA" box="[284,524,1585,1610]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">H. macroceratioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whereas these regions are densely covered with spinules in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAF0751FB73F989C72CF9BA" box="[1236,1375,1585,1610]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="litoceras">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FB73F989C72CF9BA" box="[1236,1375,1585,1610]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">H. litoceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0B06505FFAF0750FF61F9EFC3A2FDF2" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFAF0751FF61F9EFC354F8DB" blockId="2.[151,1437,1360,2022]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAF0751FF61F9EFC39AF980" ID-CoL="3LXY9" box="[198,489,1623,1648]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="litoceras" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FF61F9EFC39AF980" box="[198,489,1623,1648]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Himantolophus litoceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FE55F9EEC045F980" bold="true" box="[498,566,1622,1648]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C1ED57E7FFAF0751FE55F9EEC045F980" box="[498,566,1622,1648]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAF0751FD75F9EFC6B0F980" ID-CoL="6M8TX" authority="Bertelsen and Krefft, 1988" authorityName="Bertelsen and Krefft" authorityYear="1988" box="[722,1219,1622,1648]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macroceras">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FD75F9EFC1F3F980" box="[722,896,1623,1648]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">H. macroceras</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAF0751FC2FF9EEC6B0F980" author="Bertelsen" box="[904,1219,1622,1648]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" refString="Bertelsen, E. & Krefft, G. (1988) The ceratoid family Himantolophidae (Pisces, Lophiiformes). Steenstrupia, 14 (2), 9 - 89." type="journal article" year="1988">Bertelsen and Krefft, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(known from five specimens) in the diameter of the escal bulb, and length of the illicium and distal escal appendage as percentage of SL. It also shares with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAF0751FDE8F919C08EF94A" ID-CoL="6M8TX" box="[591,765,1697,1722]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macroceras">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FDE8F919C08EF94A" box="[591,765,1697,1722]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">H. macroceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the dense covering of dermal spinules along most of the illicial stem, escal bulb, and proximal half of the distal escal appendage. However, the distal half of the distal escal appendages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAF0751FE28F954C06DF8F5" ID-CoL="3LXY9" box="[399,542,1772,1797]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="litoceras">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FE28F954C06DF8F5" box="[399,542,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">H. litoceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is naked, whereas the spinules continue to the tips of the appendage in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAF0751FAD8F954C353F8DA" ID-CoL="6M8TX" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macroceras">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FAD8F954C353F8DA" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">H. macroceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFAF0751FF61F88FC036F86B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1360,2022]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAF0751FF61F88FC152F8A0" ID-CoL="3LXXZ" authority="Beebe and Crane, 1947" authorityName="Beebe and Crane" authorityYear="1947" box="[198,801,1846,1872]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="azurlucens">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FF61F88FC070F8A0" box="[198,515,1847,1872]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Himantolophus azurlucens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAF0751FDACF88EC152F8A0" author="Beebe" box="[523,801,1846,1872]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" refString="Beebe, W. & Crane, J. (1947) Eastern Pacific expeditions of the New York Zoological Society. XXXVIII. Deep-sea ceratioid fishes. Zoologica, 31 (11), 151 - 182." type="journal article" year="1947">Beebe and Crane, 1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is represented by two specimens, each bearing a side branch on only one branch of the distal escal appendage, but the length of these appendages is considerably shorter (23% SL right, 32% SL left).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFAF0750FF61F81FC3A2FDF2" blockId="2.[151,1437,1360,2022]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,152,924]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAF0751FF61F81FC157F830" ID-CoL="3LXY5" authority="Bertelsen and Krefft, 1988" authorityName="Bertelsen and Krefft" authorityYear="1988" box="[198,804,1958,1984]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cornifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FF61F81FC392F830" box="[198,481,1959,1984]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Himantolophus cornifer</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAF0751FE4EF81EC157F830" author="Bertelsen" box="[489,804,1958,1984]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" refString="Bertelsen, E. & Krefft, G. (1988) The ceratoid family Himantolophidae (Pisces, Lophiiformes). Steenstrupia, 14 (2), 9 - 89." type="journal article" year="1988">Bertelsen and Krefft, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(eight specimens) has one to three distal bifurcations of the distal escal appendage, whereas that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAF0751FD14F874C14EF815" ID-CoL="3LXY9" box="[691,829,1996,2021]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="litoceras" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FD14F874C14EF815" box="[691,829,1996,2021]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">H. litoceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0751FCE2F873C1FBF815" bold="true" box="[837,904,1995,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C1ED57E7FFAF0751FCE2F873C1FBF815" box="[837,904,1995,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is bifurcated only at its base.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAF0750FB40F874C3ABFF42" ID-CoL="3LXY4" authority="Osorio, 1912" authorityName="Osorio" authorityYear="1912" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="56" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="compressus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAF0750FB40F874C352FF41" italics="true" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Himantolophus compressus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAE0750FE96FF20C3A3FF42" author="Osorio" box="[305,464,152,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" refString="Osorio, B. (1912) Nova contribuicao para o conhecimento da fauna bathypelagica visinha das costas de Portugal. Memorias do Museu Bocage, Lisboa, Volume 4, 89 - 93." type="journal article" year="1912">Osório, 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was known from a single specimen that was subsequently destroyed by a fire at the Museu Bocage, Lisbon, in 1978. The illustration by Osório, reproduced by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAE0750FBE4FF05C708FF27" author="Maul" box="[1091,1403,189,215]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" refString="Maul, G. E. (1961) The ceratioid fishes in the collection of the Museu Municipal do Funchal (Melanocetidae, Himantolophidae, Oneirodidae, Linophrynidae). Boletim do Museu Municipal do Funchal, Number 14 article 50, 87 - 159." type="journal article" year="1961">Maul (1961:101, figure 4)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, is somewhat crude, showing no details of the esca. Maul was unable to examine the
|
||
<typeStatus id="3711882CFFAE0750FBFCFF5AC6E3FF0C" box="[1115,1168,226,252]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, but relied on Osório’s account and communication with an assistant at the Museu Municipal do Funchal. He noted that there was damage to the esca, most notably to the distal escal appendage (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAE0750FCDCFE95C648FEB7" author="Maul" box="[891,1083,301,327]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" refString="Maul, G. E. (1961) The ceratioid fishes in the collection of the Museu Municipal do Funchal (Melanocetidae, Himantolophidae, Oneirodidae, Linophrynidae). Boletim do Museu Municipal do Funchal, Number 14 article 50, 87 - 159." type="journal article" year="1961">Maul, 1961:103</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Prior to its loss, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="3711882CFFAE0750FA91FE95C7EFFEB7" box="[1334,1436,301,327]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was re-examined by Bertelsen who reported that only about
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAE0750FCD0FEEAC1CEFE9C" box="[887,957,338,364]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
of the distal escal appendage remained (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAE0750FF38FEC0C070FE62" author="Bertelsen" box="[159,515,376,402]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" refString="Bertelsen, E. & Krefft, G. (1988) The ceratoid family Himantolophidae (Pisces, Lophiiformes). Steenstrupia, 14 (2), 9 - 89." type="journal article" year="1988">Bertelsen and Krefft, 1988:73</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Bertelsen noted, however, that the distal escal appendage arose from a single point on the bulb and bifurcated some distance up, differing from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAE0750FC5BFE25C6F4FE46" ID-CoL="3LXY9" box="[1020,1159,413,438]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="litoceras">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAE0750FC5BFE25C6F4FE46" box="[1020,1159,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">H. litoceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which bifurcates at its base. The distal escal appendage percentage length and presence/absence of lateral appendages was not reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAE0750FE83FE50C3BEFDF2" author="Osorio" box="[292,461,488,514]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" refString="Osorio, B. (1912) Nova contribuicao para o conhecimento da fauna bathypelagica visinha das costas de Portugal. Memorias do Museu Bocage, Lisboa, Volume 4, 89 - 93." type="journal article" year="1912">Osório (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0B06505FFAE0757FF61FDB5C1FBFDBC" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFAE0750FF61FDB5C3ADFD12" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,924]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAE0750FF61FDB5C314FDD7" bold="true" box="[198,359,525,551]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAE0750FED6FDB5C0E4FDD6" box="[369,663,525,550]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="litoceras" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAE0750FED6FDB5C0E4FDD6" box="[369,663,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Himantolophus litoceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAE0750FD06FDB5C094FDD7" bold="true" box="[673,743,525,551]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C1ED57E7FFAE0750FD06FDB5C094FDD7" box="[673,743,525,551]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is known from a single specimen taken off the northeast coast of the North Island,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90BD761EFFAE0750FE6EFD8AC01AFDBC" box="[457,617,562,588]" name="New Zealand" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAE0750FD33FD8AC092FDBC" box="[660,737,562,588]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.54" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="654.0">654 m</quantity>
|
||
, which is relatively shallow water (
|
||
<figureCitation id="70912A0BFFAE0750FB24FD8AC6B9FDBC" box="[1155,1226,562,588]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1977,2001]" captionTargetBox="[434,1155,971,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[425,1162,967,1958]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Capture sites of Himantolophus litoceras, H. albinares and H. pseudalbinares. New Zealand 200 nautical mile. EEZ denoted by the white dotted line. Image: R. Crec’hriou Te Papa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199137/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAE0750FF30FDE0C36FFD81" box="[151,284,600,625]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cornifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAE0750FF30FDE0C36FFD81" box="[151,284,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">H. cornifer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group have been caught over a wide depth range, from
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAE0750FC66FDE0C602FD82" box="[961,1137,600,626]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" metricValueMax="2.15" metricValueMin="0.16999999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="1160.0" valueMax="2150.0" valueMin="170.0">170 to 2150 m</quantity>
|
||
depth, tending to form a bimodal vertical distribution between
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAE0750FDC9FDC5C0C8FD67" box="[622,699,637,663]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="170.0">170 m</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAE0750FD5EFDC5C134FD67" box="[761,839,637,663]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAE0750FC22FDC5C191FD67" box="[901,994,637,663]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="1650.0">1650 m</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAE0750FBB8FDC5C6F3FD67" box="[1055,1152,637,663]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="2150.0">2150 m</quantity>
|
||
. However, with so few specimens of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAE0750FEC2FD1AC39BFD4B" box="[357,488,674,699]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cornifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAE0750FEC2FD1AC39BFD4B" box="[357,488,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">H. cornifer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group in collections, it is impossible at this time to determine if there is species specific depth stratification.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFAE0750FF61FD55C742FC6C" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,924]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
The five other species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAE0750FDE4FD55C0D2FCF6" box="[579,673,749,774]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cornifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAE0750FDE4FD55C0D2FCF6" box="[579,673,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">cornifer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group are all recorded from equatorial to subtropical waters (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAE0750FF38FCAAC042FCDC" author="Pietsch" box="[159,561,786,812]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" refString="Pietsch, T. W (2009) Oceanic Anglerfishes. Extraordinary Diversity in the Deep Sea. University of California Press, Berkeley. 557 pp." type="book" year="2009">Pietsch, 2009:210, figs. 213, 214</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The exception to date has been
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAE0750FC64FCAAC77EFCDB" box="[963,1293,786,811]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="compressus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAE0750FC64FCAAC77EFCDB" box="[963,1293,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Himantolophus compressus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which was caught off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90BD761EFFAE0750FEB9FC80C3F4FCA2" box="[286,391,824,850]" name="Portugal" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Portugal</collectingCountry>
|
||
at
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8D9E5049FFAE0750FE08FC80C059FCA2" box="[431,554,824,850]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" precision="925" value="38.333332">38° 20' N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
. A recent record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAE0750FC83FC80C1DCFCA1" box="[804,943,824,849]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cornifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAE0750FC83FC80C1DCFCA1" box="[804,943,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">H. cornifer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8D9E5049FFAE0750FC5BFC80C61DFCA2" box="[1020,1134,824,850]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" precision="925" value="-29.416666">29° 25' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
was recovered from the stomach of a beached sperm whale (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAE0750FDE3FCE5C1D3FC87" author="Anderson" box="[580,928,861,887]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" refString="Anderson, M. E. & Leslie, R. W. (2001) Review of the deep-sea anglerfishes (Lophiiformes: Ceratioidei) of Southern Africa. Ichthyological Bulletin of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, 70, 1 - 32." type="journal article" year="2001">Anderson and Leslie, 2001:8</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAE0750FC12FCE5C6A9FC86" box="[949,1242,861,886]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="litoceras">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAE0750FC12FCE5C6A9FC86" box="[949,1242,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Himantolophus litoceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAE0750FB46FCE5C76EFC87" bold="true" box="[1249,1309,861,887]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">n. sp</emphasis>
|
||
is the first record of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAE0750FE93FC3AC3C5FC6B" box="[308,438,898,923]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cornifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAE0750FE93FC3AC3C5FC6B" box="[308,438,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">H. cornifer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group from the South Pacific and is the southernmost record for this group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="BCD56606FFAE0750FF30F801C662F801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199137/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" targetBox="[434,1155,971,1957]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFAE0750FF30F801C662F801" blockId="3.[151,1436,1977,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAE0750FF30F801C369F821" bold="true" box="[151,282,1977,2001]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Capture sites of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAE0750FE73F802C093F821" box="[468,736,1978,2001]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="litoceras">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAE0750FE73F802C093F821" box="[468,736,1978,2001]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Himantolophus litoceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAE0750FCAAF802C1E7F821" box="[781,916,1978,2001]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albinares">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAE0750FCAAF802C1E7F821" box="[781,916,1978,2001]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">H. albinares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAE0750FC4EF802C6DEF821" box="[1001,1197,1978,2001]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pseudalbinares">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAE0750FC4EF802C6DEF821" box="[1001,1197,1978,2001]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">H. pseudalbinares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. New Zealand 200 nautical mile. EEZ denoted by the white dotted line. Image: R. Crec’hriou Te Papa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFA90757FF61FF20C0B1FEB7" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,924]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Metamorphosed females of ceratioids of most species do not appear to undertake sustained swimming. Their body shape is generally globose with weak musculature and small posteriorly set dorsal and anal fins.
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FA23FF05C2B0FF0B" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">In situ</emphasis>
|
||
observations of a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA90757FD8DFF5AC0DBFF0B" box="[554,680,226,251]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Oneirodidae" genus="Oneirodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FD8DFF5AC0DBFF0B" box="[554,680,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Oneirodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
confirmed that they are, for the most part, drifters (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFA90757FA80FF5AC332FED2" author="Luck" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" refString="Luck, D. G. & Pietsch, T. W. (2008) In-situ observations of a deep-sea ceratioid anglerfish of the genus Oneirodes (Lophiiformes: Oneirodidae). Copeia, 2008 (2), 446 - 451." type="journal article" year="2008">Luck and Pietsch, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA90757FDACFEB0C0ADFED2" box="[523,734,264,290]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Himantolophidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
have the same body pattern as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA90757FBC6FEB0C6ADFED1" box="[1121,1246,264,289]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Oneirodidae" genus="Oneirodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FBC6FEB0C6ADFED1" box="[1121,1246,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Oneirodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, so the drifting mode can be expected to apply to them as well.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFA90757FF61FEEAC1FBFDBC" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,924]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA90757FF61FEEAC39EFE9B" box="[198,493,338,363]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="litoceras">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FF61FEEAC39EFE9B" box="[198,493,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Himantolophus litoceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FE5FFEEAC044FE9C" bold="true" box="[504,567,338,364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">n. sp</emphasis>
|
||
was taken in the subtropical water mass, subject to the East Auckland Current, which diverges from the eastward-flowing Tasman Front. The northeast coast of the North Island is also a region that experiences a number of eddies spinning off from this current (e.g., North Cape Eddy and East Cape Eddy) before it breaks up to the south-bound East Cape Current and less-defined currents moving north and east (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFA90757FEEEFE50C050FDF2" author="Carter" box="[329,547,488,514]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" refString="Carter, L., Garlick, R. D., Sutton, P., Chiswell, S., Oien, N. A. & Stanton, B. R. (1998) Ocean circulation New Zealand. NIWA Chart Miscellaneous Series, No. 76." type="book" year="1998">
|
||
Carter
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FE3CFE50C3A6FDF1" box="[411,469,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Based on this water movement and the distribution of other himantolophid anglerfishes across the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90BD761EFFA90757FE0FFDB5C036FDD7" box="[424,581,525,551]" name="New Zealand" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
and south-eastern Australian region, this species can be expected to also occur in the Tasman Sea as well as the southwest Pacific Ocean.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0B06505FFA90757FF61FDEFC680FD67" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFA90757FF61FDEFC680FD67" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,924]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FF61FDEFC320FD81" bold="true" box="[198,339,599,625]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
From a combination of the Greek
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FCA0FDE0C14AFD81" box="[775,825,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">litos</emphasis>
|
||
meaning “simple” or “plain,” and
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FB4BFDE0C75FFD81" box="[1260,1324,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">keras</emphasis>
|
||
meaning “horn,” in reference to the lack of lateral branching or filaments on the distal escal appendages.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0B06505FFA90755FF61FD1AC3D7FCA7" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFA90757FF61FD1AC6CBFC6C" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,924]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FF61FD1AC770FD4C" bold="true" box="[198,1283,674,700]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Comments on the status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA90757FD82FD1AC68DFD4C" authority="Bertelsen and Krefft, 1988" authorityName="Bertelsen and Krefft" authorityYear="1988" box="[549,1278,674,700]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pseudalbinares">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FD82FD1AC1D2FD4C" bold="true" box="[549,929,674,700]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Himantolophus pseudalbinares</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFA90757FC0CFD1AC68DFD4C" author="Bertelsen" box="[939,1278,674,700]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" refString="Bertelsen, E. & Krefft, G. (1988) The ceratoid family Himantolophidae (Pisces, Lophiiformes). Steenstrupia, 14 (2), 9 - 89." type="journal article" year="1988">Bertelsen and Krefft, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In his paper recording
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA90757FEA8FD70C049FD11" box="[271,570,712,737]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albinares">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FEA8FD70C049FD11" box="[271,570,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Himantolophus albinares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Lord Howe Basin,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFA90757FC36FD70C633FD12" author="Iglesias" box="[913,1088,712,738]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" refString="Iglesias, S. P. (2005) Himantolophus pseudalbinares Bertelsen and Krefft, 1988, a junior synonym of H. albinares Maul, 1961 (Himantolophidae), with the first record from the Pacific Ocean. Cybium, 29 (2), 191 - 194." type="journal article" year="2005">Iglésias (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described a single large (
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFA90757FAC9FD70C2B5FCF7" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.07" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="207.0">207 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL) specimen. On the basis of what he believed to be a divided tip on one of the pair of distal escal appendages, he proposed that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA90757FE5AFCAAC11DFCDB" box="[509,878,786,811]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pseudalbinares">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FE5AFCAAC11DFCDB" box="[509,878,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Himantolophus pseudalbinares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA90757FB9BFCAAC6BCFCDB" box="[1084,1231,786,811]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albinares">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FB9BFCAAC6BCFCDB" box="[1084,1231,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">H. albinares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Re-examination of Iglésias’s specimen, two specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA90757FD22FC80C1C0FCA1" box="[645,947,824,849]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albinares">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FD22FC80C1C0FCA1" box="[645,947,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Himantolophus albinares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
held by the Museum of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90BD761EFFA90757FB7FFC80C704FCA2" box="[1240,1399,824,850]" name="New Zealand" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
Te Papa Tongarewa (Fig 4,5), and the second known specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA90757FC33FCE5C602FC86" box="[916,1137,861,886]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pseudalbinares">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FC33FCE5C602FC86" box="[916,1137,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">H. pseudalbinares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFA90757FAAAFCE5C332FC6C" author="Stewart" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" refString="Stewart, A. L. & Pietsch, T. W. (1998) The ceratioid anglerfishes (Lophiiformes: Ceratioidei) of New Zealand. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 28 (1), 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1998">Stewart and Pietsch (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="70912A0BFFA90757FEF6FC3AC3EAFC6C" box="[337,409,898,924]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[335,1250,911,1717]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[331,1256,906,1723]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Himantolophus pseudalbinares AIM 6850, 98.9 mm SL. Drawing: M. Freeborn." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199140/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), revealed a number of features that challenge Iglésias’s conclusion.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="BCD56606FFA90757FF30F8A8C75EF8D7" box="[151,1325,1808,1832]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199138/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" targetBox="[381,1205,978,1785]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFA90757FF30F8A8C75EF8D7" blockId="4.[151,1325,1808,1832]" box="[151,1325,1808,1832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FF30F8A8C36AF8D8" bold="true" box="[151,281,1808,1832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA90757FE87F8A8C05CF8D7" box="[288,559,1808,1831]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albinares">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FE87F8A8C05CF8D7" box="[288,559,1808,1831]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Himantolophus albinares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
NMNZ P.031256, 148 mm SL. Photo: C. Roberts/C. Struthers Te Papa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFA90756FF61F8E8C3DEFE92" blockId="4.[151,1437,1872,2002]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,154,354]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Both the illustration of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="3711882CFFA90757FDA9F8E8C007F89A" box="[526,628,1872,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA90757FD07F8E8C10BF899" box="[672,888,1872,1898]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pseudalbinares">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FD07F8E8C0C6F899" box="[672,693,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA90757FD61F8E8C10BF899" box="[710,888,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">pseudalbinares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFA90757FC2EF8E8C741F89A" author="Bertelsen" box="[905,1330,1872,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" refString="Bertelsen, E. & Krefft, G. (1988) The ceratoid family Himantolophidae (Pisces, Lophiiformes). Steenstrupia, 14 (2), 9 - 89." type="journal article" year="1988">Bertelsen and Krefft, 1988: Fig. 23</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the second specimen reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFA90757FE59F8CBC136F87D" author="Stewart" box="[510,837,1907,1933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" refString="Stewart, A. L. & Pietsch, T. W. (1998) The ceratioid anglerfishes (Lophiiformes: Ceratioidei) of New Zealand. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 28 (1), 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1998">Stewart and Pietsch (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
clearly show that the tips of both branches of the distal appendages are precisely and symmetrically divided (
|
||
<figureCitation id="70912A0BFFA90757FCCDF82DC1C6F85F" box="[874,949,1941,1967]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[335,1250,911,1717]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[331,1256,906,1723]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Himantolophus pseudalbinares AIM 6850, 98.9 mm SL. Drawing: M. Freeborn." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199140/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The apparent division of the specimen figured by Iglésias is long, distinctly ragged, and well down from the tip. Comparison with a specimen of similar size and condition in the Museum of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90BD761EFFA80756FD19FF22C112FF44" box="[702,865,154,180]" name="New Zealand" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
collection (NMNZ P.
|
||
<date id="9C14104EFFA80756FBCDFF22C6B9FF44" box="[1130,1226,154,180]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" value="56-03-12">031256</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8D9E5049FFA80756FB70FF22C726FF44" box="[1239,1365,154,180]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" precision="92" value="-35.848335">35° 50.9'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8D9E5049FFA80756FAC4FF22C296FF27" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" precision="92" value="164.95">164° 57.0'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) shows similar ragged tips to the DA (
|
||
<figureCitation id="70912A0BFFA80756FD1DFF05C176FF27" box="[698,773,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1808,1832]" captionTargetBox="[381,1205,978,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[381,1205,978,1786]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Himantolophus albinares NMNZ P. 031256, 148 mm SL. Photo: C. Roberts / C. Struthers Te Papa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199138/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). In the case of the NMNZ specimen, this is due to the distal escal appendages becoming thin and flaccid, with indications that the esca is beginning to break down. Dissection of that specimen also revealed that the ovaries were large with extremely thin transparent walls and no sign of any eggs. Indications are that this specimen, and the specimen described by Iglésias, were probably undergoing senescence.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="BCD56606FFA80756FF30FB38C603FB67" box="[151,1136,1152,1176]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199139/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" targetBox="[200,1386,403,1124]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFA80756FF30FB38C603FB67" blockId="5.[151,1136,1152,1176]" box="[151,1136,1152,1176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA80756FF30FB38C369FB68" bold="true" box="[151,282,1152,1176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA80756FE87FB38C05CFB67" box="[288,559,1152,1175]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albinares">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA80756FE87FB38C05CFB67" box="[288,559,1152,1175]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Himantolophus albinares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
NMNZ P.033996, 80 mm SL. Drawing: M. Freeborn.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFA80756FF61FB5DC309F9F5" blockId="5.[151,1437,1253,2029]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
The diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA80756FE28FB5EC0CBFB0F" box="[399,696,1254,1279]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albinares">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA80756FE28FB5EC0CBFB0F" box="[399,696,1254,1279]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Himantolophus albinares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFA80756FCF6FB5DC6E7FB0F" author="Bertelsen" box="[849,1172,1253,1279]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" refString="Bertelsen, E. & Krefft, G. (1988) The ceratoid family Himantolophidae (Pisces, Lophiiformes). Steenstrupia, 14 (2), 9 - 89." type="journal article" year="1988">Bertelsen and Krefft (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and the description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFA80756FF30FAB3C334FAD5" author="Iglesias" box="[151,327,1291,1317]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" refString="Iglesias, S. P. (2005) Himantolophus pseudalbinares Bertelsen and Krefft, 1988, a junior synonym of H. albinares Maul, 1961 (Himantolophidae), with the first record from the Pacific Ocean. Cybium, 29 (2), 191 - 194." type="journal article" year="2005">Iglésias (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
record the absence of dermal spinules on the upper escal bulb and appendages. However, the second specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA80756FE22FA89C080FABA" box="[389,755,1329,1354]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pseudalbinares">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA80756FE22FA89C080FABA" box="[389,755,1329,1354]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Himantolophus pseudalbinares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has small but distinct spinules along most fo the length of the distal escal appendages, extending almost onto the tips. The senior author sent late E. Bertelsen this second specimen for his evaluation and had the identification confirmed. Small differences between that specimen and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="3711882CFFA80756FEC8FA18C3A4FA4A" box="[367,471,1440,1466]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(relatively longer illicium, absence of distinctive illicial filaments and spines on the illicium) were, he believed, within the range of variation observed in its nearest relative (E. Bertelsen, pers. comm. 1992).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFA80756FF61F9A8C6BFF94F" blockId="5.[151,1437,1253,2029]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
On the basis of our examinations and analysis, we agree with Iglésias that his specimen (MNHM 2003- 00118) is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA80756FEADF98EC040F9BF" box="[266,563,1590,1615]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albinares">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA80756FEADF98EC040F9BF" box="[266,563,1590,1615]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Himantolophus albinares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but that the supposed division of the distal appendage on that specimen is an artefact of illicial tissue break-down rather than evidence supporting synonymy. Therefore, in full agreement with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFA80756FEF0F938C04FF96A" author="Pietsch" box="[343,572,1664,1690]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" refString="Pietsch, T. W (2009) Oceanic Anglerfishes. Extraordinary Diversity in the Deep Sea. University of California Press, Berkeley. 557 pp." type="book" year="2009">Pietsch (2009:344)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, we propose that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA80756FCA8F939C6F1F96A" box="[783,1154,1665,1690]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Himantolophidae" genus="Himantolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pseudalbinares">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA80756FCA8F939C6F1F96A" box="[783,1154,1665,1690]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Himantolophus pseudalbinares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be retained as a valid species supported by the diagnostic characters defined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFA80756FC26F91DC6BAF94F" author="Bertelsen" box="[897,1225,1701,1727]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" refString="Bertelsen, E. & Krefft, G. (1988) The ceratoid family Himantolophidae (Pisces, Lophiiformes). Steenstrupia, 14 (2), 9 - 89." type="journal article" year="1988">Bertelsen and Krefft (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFA80756FF61F972C08DF8DF" blockId="5.[151,1437,1253,2029]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA80756FF61F972C329F914" bold="true" box="[198,346,1738,1764]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Conclusion.</emphasis>
|
||
The capture of a new species in relatively shallow water, and the extended distribution of what has up until recently been considered an Atlantic species group, raises an number of issues about ceratioid distributions within the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90BD761EFFA80756FDBCF8ADC0CBF8DF" box="[539,696,1813,1839]" name="New Zealand" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
EEZ.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFA80755FF61F886C3CAFF27" blockId="5.[151,1437,1253,2029]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,152,855]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Ceratioids tend to be small (<
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFA80756FD94F886C0E5F8A8" box="[563,662,1854,1880]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="300.0">300 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL), soft-bodied and occur in low densities; one per
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFA80756FAB2F886C7E7F8A8" box="[1301,1428,1854,1880]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="800000.0">800,000 m</quantity>
|
||
3 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFA80756FF38F8DBC3EDF88D" author="Helfman" box="[159,414,1891,1917]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" refString="Helfman, G. S., Collette, B. B. & Facey, D. E. (1997) The Diversity of Fishes. Blackwell Science, Massachusetts. 528 pp." type="book" year="1997">
|
||
Helfman
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA80756FEB6F8DBC33DF88C" box="[273,334,1891,1916]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1997
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:298). Most captures in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90BD761EFFA80756FD41F8DBC1F4F88D" box="[742,903,1891,1917]" name="New Zealand" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
EEZ have been as incidental trawl by-catch whilst targeting deep-water commercial species (e.g. orange roughy
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA80756FC63F831C6AFF852" box="[964,1244,1929,1954]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trachichthyidae" genus="Hoplostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beryciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atlanticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFA80756FC63F831C6AFF852" box="[964,1244,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Hoplostethus atlanticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and oreo dories
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFA80756FF30F816C33DF838" box="[151,334,1966,1992]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Oreosomatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zeiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Oreosomatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The use of large mesh with a
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFA80756FD1BF816C085F838" box="[700,758,1966,1992]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
|
||
cod-end, the need to maximise commercial returns or the constraints of stratified research tows have tended to result in few ceratioid specimens being caught intact and fewer being retained. This is compounded by the mid-water depths below
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAB0755FC50FF20C63CFF42" box="[1015,1103,152,178]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
|
||
being rarely sampled within the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90BD761EFFAB0755FF65FF05C32CFF27" box="[194,351,189,215]" name="New Zealand" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFAB0755FF61FF5AC0B4FE67" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,855]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Research trawling within the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90BD761EFFAB0755FD85FF5AC0B3FF0C" box="[546,704,226,252]" name="New Zealand" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
EEZ by the former Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries and NIWA (subsequent to 1995) over the 38-year period
|
||
<date id="9C14104EFFAB0755FC8BFEB2C1C4FED4" box="[812,951,266,292]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" value="1961" valueMax="1997">1961–1997</date>
|
||
covered
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAB0755FB8DFEB2C6E4FED4" box="[1066,1175,266,292]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.326" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" unit="km" value="5326.0">5326 km</quantity>
|
||
2, most of which was shallower than
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAB0755FEEDFE88C3D0FEBA" box="[330,419,304,330]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
|
||
depth, and sampling by other institutions (universities, museums, etc.) amounted to an additional
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAB0755FEBEFEE0C325FE82" box="[281,342,344,370]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
2 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAB0755FED7FEE0C0C2FE82" author="Nelson" box="[368,689,344,370]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refString="Nelson, W. A. & Gordon, D. P. (1997) Assessing New Zealand's marine biological diversity - a challenge for policy makers and systematists. New Zealand Science Review, 54 (3 - 4), 58 - 66." type="journal article" year="1997">Nelson and Gordon, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This is in an EEZ of over 4 million km2, of which 72% lies below
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAB0755FF41FEC5C34CFE67" box="[230,319,381,407]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
|
||
depth and 51% is below
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAB0755FDC1FEC5C0B1FE67" box="[614,706,381,407]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFAB0755FF61FE1BC15FFD17" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,855]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Metamorphosed female ceratioids tend to be most abundant below
|
||
<quantity id="2F529B6BFFAB0755FC46FE1BC649FE4D" box="[993,1082,419,445]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
|
||
depth (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAB0755FB33FE1BC746FE4D" author="Paxton" box="[1172,1333,419,445]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refString="Paxton, J. (1990) Whalefishes: little fish with big mouths. Australian Natural History, 23 (5), 378 - 385." type="journal article" year="1990">Paxton, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAB0755FAE5FE1BC2A5FE12" author="Nelson" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refString="Nelson, J. S. (2006) Fishes of the World. Fourth edition. John Wiley and Sons, New Jersey. 601 pp." type="book" year="2006">Nelson, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), therefore, the faunal list of this group for the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90BD761EFFAB0755FD53FE70C1E2FE12" box="[756,913,456,482]" name="New Zealand" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
region (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAB0755FB82FE70C779FE12" author="Roberts" box="[1061,1290,456,482]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refString="Roberts, C. D., Paulin, C. D., Stewart, A. L., McPhee, R. P. and McDowall, R. M. (2009) Checklist of New Zealand Chordata. Living lancelets, jawless fishes, cartilaginous fishes and bony fishes. Pp. 527 - 536 in Gordon, D. P. (Ed), New Zealand Biodiversity. Volume one. Kingdom Animalia. Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press. Christchurch. 566 pp." type="book chapter" year="2009">
|
||
Roberts
|
||
<emphasis id="DADEEA9CFFAB0755FB21FE71C6B3FE12" box="[1158,1216,457,482]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) is probably far from complete. Gaps in collecting reflect gaps in the knowledge of the distribution of the group as a whole. Fourteen percent of the 160 ceratioid species recognised to date are known from a single specimen; 48% from six or fewer (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAB0755FE91FD80C3AFFDA2" author="Pietsch" box="[310,476,568,594]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refString="Pietsch, T. W (2009) Oceanic Anglerfishes. Extraordinary Diversity in the Deep Sea. University of California Press, Berkeley. 557 pp." type="book" year="2009">Pietsch, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Whilst some families such as the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAB0755FC26FD80C189FDA2" box="[897,1018,568,594]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ceratiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Ceratiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been relatively stable in their composition, others have continued to have new species added. The majority of these have been in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAB0755FF30FD3BC359FD6D" box="[151,298,643,669]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Oneirodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Oneirodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g., Pietsch, 2004, 2007), with some in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA4D0DFFAB0755FCEAFD3BC641FD6D" box="[845,1074,643,669]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Thaumatichthyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Thaumatichthyidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and others (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAB0755FB60FD3BC71DFD6D" author="Pietsch" box="[1223,1390,643,669]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refString="Pietsch, T. W. (2005) New species of the ceratioid anglerfish genus Lasiognathus Regan (Lophiiformes: Thaumatichthyidae) from the Eastern North Atlantic off Madeira. Copeia, 2005 (1), 77 - 81." type="journal article" year="2005">Pietsch, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In addition, new catches of rare species have warranted expanded re-descriptions (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAB0755FB0CFD10C2A0FD17" author="Kharin" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refString="Kharin, V. E. & Pietsch, T. W. (2007) New findings of a rare deep-sea ceratioid anglerfish Dermatias platynogaster Smith et Radcliffe (Lophiiformes: Oneirodidae). Journal of Ichthyology, 47 (9), 806 - 808." type="journal article" year="2007">Kharin and Pietsch, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) or re-evaluations (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3B4B7FFFAB0755FE55FD75C153FD17" author="Pietsch" box="[498,800,717,743]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refString="Pietsch, T. W. & Kharin, V. E. (2004) Pietschichthys horridus Kharin 1989: A junior synonym of Dermatias platynogaster Smith and Radcliffe, in Radcliffe, 1912 (Lophiiformes: Oneirodidae), with a revised key to the Oneirodid genera. Copeia, 2004 (1), 122 - 127." type="journal article" year="2004">Pietsch and Kharin, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E815368EFFAB0755FF61FD4BC3D7FCA7" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,855]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Given the low sampling intensity and large volume of habitat available, together with small body size, discovery of new ceratioid species and expanded distributions of known taxa may be expected to continue in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90BD761EFFAB0755FF65FC85C32CFCA7" box="[194,351,829,855]" name="New Zealand" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
EEZ.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |