483 lines
58 KiB
XML
483 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.7717/peerj.11514" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e56413f9-7dc9-4ebc-9085-008cb38b4dc1" ID-ISSN="2167-8359" ID-PMC="PMC8254503" ID-PubMed="34249486" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5102026" approvalRequired="1" approvalRequired_for_document="1" checkinTime="1626269878614" checkinUser="diego" docAuthor="Prebus, Matthew M." docDate="2021" docId="054FDB70FF06FF1DB49C1C0B7DFD22F8" docLanguage="en" docName="PeerJ.9.e11514.pdf.imf" docOrigin="PeerJ (e 11514) 9" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11514" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B6346867C9D49AB2DD3A1D607021D2E9:PeerJ.2021-.journal_article" docStyleId="B6346867C9D49AB2DD3A1D607021D2E9" docStyleName="PeerJ.2021-.journal_article" docTitle="Temnothorax xincai Prebus 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="200" masterDocId="F976A308FFC7FFDAB56E1A1D79322757" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the Temnothorax salvini clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a key to the clades of New World Temnothorax" masterLastPageNumber="462" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="194" updateTime="1668138851842" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic revision of the Temnothorax salvini clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a key to the clades of New World Temnothorax</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Prebus, Matthew M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States & Department of Entomology & Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">mprebus@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PeerJ</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="series">
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<mods:title>e 11514</mods:title>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-06-30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>9</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>462</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11514</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.7717/peerj.11514</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">e56413f9-7dc9-4ebc-9085-008cb38b4dc1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2167-8359</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="PMC">PMC8254503</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="PubMed">34249486</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5102026</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5102535" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183542668" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5102535" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7AFD7F16-D394-4339-9024-58F9EDF25371" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/054FDB70FF06FF1DB49C1C0B7DFD22F8" lastPageId="199" lastPageNumber="200" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">
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<subSubSection box="[498,846,1558,1585]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="193.[498,1076,1558,1625]" box="[498,846,1558,1585]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">
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<heading box="[498,846,1558,1585]" level="2" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[498,846,1558,1585]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">
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<taxonomicName authority="Prebus, 2021" authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" box="[498,742,1558,1585]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xincai" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[498,742,1558,1585]" italics="true" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">Temnothorax xincai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[752,846,1558,1584]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[498,1076,1598,1625]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" type="distribution">
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<paragraph blockId="193.[498,1076,1558,1625]" box="[498,1076,1598,1625]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">
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Distribution:
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<figureCitation box="[657,771,1598,1624]" captionStart="Figure 114" captionStartId="174.[524,589,1195,1217]" captionTargetBox="[498,1541,234,1182]" captionTargetId="figure-143@174.[498,1534,234,1167]" captionTargetPageId="174" captionText="Figure 114 Geographical and elevational distribution of the goniops group. (A) Temnothorax achii sp. nov. (B) T. goniops (C) T. ixili (D) T. xincai sp. nov. Colored scale to the left of each map represents elevation in meters. Points in black represent the species named in each subfigure, while points in red represent other members of the species group. Type localities are represented by triangles, non-type localities are represented by circles. Bounding box in inset map shows location of main map. Map for T. huehuetenangoi not included due to the uncertainty of the collection locality. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11514/fig-114" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5102329" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5102329/files/figure.png" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">Fig. 114D</figureCitation>
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; worker & gyne:
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<figureCitation box="[977,1070,1598,1624]" captionStart="Figure 119" captionStartId="193.[524,589,1320,1342]" captionTargetBox="[498,1541,234,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-91@193.[498,1534,234,1292]" captionTargetPageId="193" captionText="Figure 119 Temnothorax xincai sp. nov. (A–C) Holotype worker (CASENT0632983). (A) Full-face. (B) Profile view. (C) Dorsal view. (D–F) Gyne (CASENT0632988). (D) Full-face. (E) Profile view. (F) Dorsal view. Scale bars 0.2 mm. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11514/fig-119" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5102345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5102345/files/figure.png" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">Fig. 119</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="194" lastPageNumber="195" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="193.[498,1496,1660,1847]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[530,834,1660,1687]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">Type material examined:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3321861715" collectingDate="2014-04-19" collectionCode="CASC" collectorName="Barrios & Bustamonte" country="Guatemala" elevation="1469" latitude="14.15093" location="Volcan Tecuamburro" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-90.41435" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" specimenCode="302, CASENT0632983" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Rosa" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis box="[843,1041,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">
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<typeStatus box="[843,946,1660,1686]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount box="[954,1034,1660,1686]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" type="worker">worker</specimenCount>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry box="[1049,1230,1661,1687]" name="Guatemala" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">GUATEMALA</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion box="[1243,1374,1661,1687]" country="Guatemala" name="Santa Rosa" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">Santa Rosa</collectingRegion>
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:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:054FDB70FF06FF1DB49C1C0B7DFD22F8:88393CBDFF06FF1BB0041C617BA621E9" country="Guatemala" latitude="14.15093" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-90.41435" name="Volcan Tecuamburro" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" stateProvince="Santa Rosa">Volcán Tecuamburro</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[673,811,1696,1727]" degrees="14.15093" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" precision="1" value="14.15093">
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14.15093
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<emphasis box="[777,787,1696,1714]" italics="true" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">
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<superScript attach="right" box="[777,787,1696,1714]" fontSize="8" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">°</superScript>
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</emphasis>
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N
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</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate box="[819,963,1696,1727]" degrees="90.41435" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" precision="1" value="-90.41435">
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90.41435
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<emphasis box="[924,934,1696,1714]" italics="true" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">
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<superScript attach="right" box="[924,934,1696,1714]" fontSize="8" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">°</superScript>
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</emphasis>
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W
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</geoCoordinate>
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±
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<quantity box="[998,1059,1700,1727]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
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,
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<quantity box="[1073,1169,1700,1727]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.469" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" unit="m" value="1469.0">
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<elevation box="[1073,1169,1700,1727]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.469" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" unit="m" value="1469.0">1,469 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<date box="[1183,1348,1700,1726]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" value="2014-04-19">
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<collectingDate box="[1183,1348,1700,1726]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" value="2014-04-19">19 April 2014</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName box="[1361,1445,1700,1726]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">Barrios</collectorName>
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&
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<collectorName box="[498,638,1741,1767]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">Bustamonte</collectorName>
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<specimenCode box="[647,704,1740,1766]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">#302</specimenCode>
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, pine forest, ex sifted leaf litter (
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<specimenCode box="[1085,1297,1740,1767]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">CASENT0632983</specimenCode>
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) [
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<collectionCode box="[1320,1401,1740,1767]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">CASC</collectionCode>
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].
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="193.[498,1496,1660,1847]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3321861849" collectingDate="2014-04-19" collectionCode="USNM, MCZC" collectorName="Barrios & Bustamonte" country="Guatemala" elevation="0" latitude="14.15093" location="Volcan Tecuamburro" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-90.41435" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-worker="2" stateProvince="Santa Rosa" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis box="[530,737,1780,1806]" italics="true" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">
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<typeStatus box="[530,632,1781,1806]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">Paratype</typeStatus>
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workers:
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</emphasis>
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same data as holotype,
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<specimenCount box="[1022,1126,1780,1806]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" type="worker">1 worker</specimenCount>
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(CASENT0869157) [
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<collectionCode box="[1377,1466,1780,1807]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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]
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<specimenCount pageId="193" pageNumber="194" type="worker">1 worker</specimenCount>
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(CASENT0869158) [
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<collectionCode box="[832,923,1819,1846]" pageId="193" pageNumber="194">MCZC</collectionCode>
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]
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="194.[498,1542,234,1895]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3321861805" collectingDate="2014-04-19" collectionCode="CASC" collectorName="Barrios & Bustamonte" country="Guatemala" elevation="0" latitude="14.1516" location="Volcan Tecuamburro" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-90.41276" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Rosa">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[530,888,234,260]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
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<typeStatus box="[530,883,234,260]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">Non-type material examined</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry box="[897,1078,234,260]" name="Guatemala" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">GUATEMALA</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion box="[1090,1221,234,261]" country="Guatemala" name="Santa Rosa" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">Santa Rosa</collectingRegion>
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: same data as holotype, except:
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<geoCoordinate box="[588,725,269,301]" degrees="14.15160" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" precision="1" value="14.1516">
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14.15160
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<emphasis box="[692,702,269,287]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
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<superScript attach="right" box="[692,702,269,287]" fontSize="8" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">°</superScript>
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</emphasis>
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N
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</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate box="[734,878,269,301]" degrees="90.41276" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" precision="1" value="-90.41276">
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90.41276
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<emphasis box="[838,848,269,287]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
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<superScript attach="right" box="[838,848,269,287]" fontSize="8" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">°</superScript>
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</emphasis>
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W
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</geoCoordinate>
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±
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<elevation box="[912,1084,274,301]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
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<quantity box="[912,974,274,301]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
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,
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<quantity box="[988,1084,274,301]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.462" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" unit="m" value="1462.0">1,462 m</quantity>
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</elevation>
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,
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<date box="[1098,1262,274,300]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" value="2014-04-19">
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<collectingDate box="[1098,1262,274,300]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" value="2014-04-19">19 April 2014</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName box="[1275,1359,274,300]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">Barrios</collectorName>
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&
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<collectorName box="[1397,1537,275,301]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">Bustamonte</collectorName>
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#304, pine forest, ex sifted leaf litter, 1 dealate gyne (CASENT0632988) [
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<collectionCode box="[1354,1435,313,340]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">CASC</collectionCode>
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]
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[530,1522,353,380]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" type="distribution">
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<paragraph blockId="194.[498,1542,234,1895]" box="[530,1522,353,380]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[530,755,353,380]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">Geographic range:</emphasis>
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Mid elevations of southern
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<collectingCountry box="[1089,1215,354,380]" name="Guatemala" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectingRegion box="[1232,1364,354,380]" country="Guatemala" name="Santa Rosa" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">Santa Rosa</collectingRegion>
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) (
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<figureCitation box="[1391,1506,354,380]" captionStart="Figure 114" captionStartId="174.[524,589,1195,1217]" captionTargetBox="[498,1541,234,1182]" captionTargetId="figure-143@174.[498,1534,234,1167]" captionTargetPageId="174" captionText="Figure 114 Geographical and elevational distribution of the goniops group. (A) Temnothorax achii sp. nov. (B) T. goniops (C) T. ixili (D) T. xincai sp. nov. Colored scale to the left of each map represents elevation in meters. Points in black represent the species named in each subfigure, while points in red represent other members of the species group. Type localities are represented by triangles, non-type localities are represented by circles. Bounding box in inset map shows location of main map. Map for T. huehuetenangoi not included due to the uncertainty of the collection locality. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11514/fig-114" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5102329" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5102329/files/figure.png" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">Fig. 114D</figureCitation>
|
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).
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection pageId="194" pageNumber="195" type="diagnosis">
|
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<paragraph blockId="194.[498,1542,234,1895]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[530,752,393,420]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">Worker diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
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<taxonomicName authority="Prebus, 2021" authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" box="[759,993,394,420]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xincai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[759,993,394,420]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">Temnothorax xincai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1000,1089,394,420]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
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can be separated from all other species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[575,650,433,459]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salvini">
|
||
<emphasis box="[575,650,433,459]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">salvini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade by the following character combination: antennal scapes short, failing to reach the posterior margin of the head capsule by about the maximum width of the scape (SI 89); compound eyes small (OI 24); head sculpture mostly smooth and shining; body moderately compact (WLI 141); metanotal groove absent; propodeum moderately depressed; propodeal spines about as long as the propodeal declivity (PSI 21); propodeal spines broadly approximated in dorsal view (SBI ~ 29); hind femora moderately incrassate (FI 293); petiolar node erect and dorsally rounded, not overhanging the caudal cylinder in profile view; petiolar node compact, not elongate (NI 155); petiolar node slightly broader than caudal cylinder in dorsal view (PNWI <122); dorsum of postpetiole smooth and shining; antennal scapes with short, decumbent pilosity; setae on head, mesosoma, waist segments and gaster erect, short, sparse and blunt (never long and tapering); integument predominantly dark brown, with trochanters, meso- and metacoxae, tibiae, tarsi, and sting very light yellow.
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph blockId="194.[498,1542,234,1895]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[530,719,951,977]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">Similar species:</emphasis>
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<emphasis box="[727,1208,951,977]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Wheeler" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[727,1012,951,977]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subditivus">Temnothorax subditivus</taxonomicName>
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,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Baroni Urbani" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[1025,1208,951,977]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuisculptus">T. tenuisculptus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2017" box="[1390,1474,952,977]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="augusti">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1390,1474,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">augusti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Baroni Urbani" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[498,585,992,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goniops">
|
||
<emphasis box="[498,585,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">goniops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[650,763,991,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchellus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[650,763,991,1017]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">pulchellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
groups, species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[1025,1082,991,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sallei">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1025,1082,991,1017]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">sallei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Prebus, 2021" authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" box="[1163,1397,991,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xincai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1163,1397,991,1017]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">Temnothorax xincai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1404,1494,992,1018]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can be distinguished from similar appearing members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[1171,1228,1031,1057]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sallei">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1171,1228,1031,1057]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">sallei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade (e.g.,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1369,1480,1032,1057]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manni">T. manni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Mackay" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[498,655,1072,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicanus">T. mexicanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Mackay" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[669,850,1071,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctithorax">T. punctithorax</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) by the petiole, which lacks a transverse carina anterodorsally.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Prebus, 2021" authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" box="[680,916,1111,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xincai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[680,916,1111,1137]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">Temnothorax xincai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[925,1016,1111,1137]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can be separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Wheeler" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1295,1444,1111,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subditivus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1295,1444,1111,1137]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">T. subditivus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2017" box="[498,582,1152,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="augusti">
|
||
<emphasis box="[498,582,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">augusti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group by the structure of the petiolar node, which is erect, dorsally rounded, and only slightly broader than the caudal cylinder in dorsal view, as opposed to squamiform in
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Wheeler" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[530,679,1230,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subditivus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[530,679,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">T. subditivus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or leaning posteriorly over the caudal cylinder in the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2017" box="[1326,1410,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="augusti">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1326,1410,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">augusti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group. In contrast to
|
||
<emphasis box="[668,969,1270,1296]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Baroni Urbani" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[668,854,1270,1296]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuisculptus">T. tenuisculptus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Prebus, 2021" authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" box="[867,969,1271,1296]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xincai" status="sp. nov.">T. xincai</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[978,1070,1271,1297]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has moderately incrassate hind femora (FI <300).
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Prebus, 2021" authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" box="[634,869,1310,1336]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xincai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[634,869,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">Temnothorax xincai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[879,970,1311,1337]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can be distinguished from the
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[1339,1452,1310,1336]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchellus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1339,1452,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">pulchellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group by the combination of a relatively longer mesosoma (WLI> 135 vs. <
|
||
<quantity box="[1330,1404,1350,1377]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.429" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" unit="in" value="135.0">135 in</quantity>
|
||
most
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[498,611,1390,1416]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchellus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[498,611,1390,1416]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">pulchellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group members). Some members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[1097,1210,1390,1416]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchellus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1097,1210,1390,1416]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">pulchellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group may approach these dimensions (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Prebus, 2021" authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" box="[704,844,1430,1456]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agavicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[704,844,1430,1456]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">T. agavicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[853,946,1430,1456]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[960,1435,1430,1456]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Wheeler" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[960,1110,1430,1456]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albispinus">T. albispinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1123,1271,1430,1456]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavidulus">T. flavidulus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Prebus, 2021" authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" box="[1284,1435,1430,1456]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hippolytus" status="sp. nov.">T. hippolytus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1444,1537,1430,1456]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Prebus, 2021" authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" box="[498,614,1470,1496]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laticrus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[498,614,1470,1496]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">T. laticrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[620,711,1470,1496]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[722,955,1470,1496]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Mann" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[722,851,1470,1496]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terricola">T. terricola</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Aguayo" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[862,955,1470,1495]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torrei">T. torrei</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Prebus, 2021" authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" box="[1019,1130,1470,1496]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilsoni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1019,1130,1470,1496]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">T. wilsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1137,1229,1470,1496]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
), but they can be separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Prebus, 2021" authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" box="[565,667,1510,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xincai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[565,667,1510,1535]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">T. xincai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[676,768,1510,1536]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
by their very broad postpetioles (PWI> 220).
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Prebus, 2021" authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xincai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">Temnothorax xincai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[577,669,1550,1576]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can be distinguished from other
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Baroni Urbani" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[1063,1150,1550,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goniops">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1063,1150,1550,1575]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">goniops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group members by the relatively short, basally flared propodeal spines (PSI 21; longer than the propodeal declivity and spiniform in
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Baroni Urbani" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[654,773,1630,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goniops">
|
||
<emphasis box="[654,773,1630,1655]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">T. goniops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Baroni Urbani" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[834,1050,1629,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huehuetenangoi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[834,1050,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">T. huehuetenangoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the smooth and shining head and postpetiole (sculptured in
|
||
<emphasis box="[808,1036,1669,1695]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Baroni Urbani" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[808,884,1669,1695]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ixili">T. ixili</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Prebus, 2021" authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" box="[947,1036,1669,1695]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="achii" status="sp. nov.">T. achii</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1044,1139,1669,1695]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="199" lastPageNumber="200" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="194.[498,1542,234,1895]" lastBlockId="195.[498,1542,234,1934]" lastPageId="195" lastPageNumber="196" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[530,1032,1708,1735]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
|
||
Worker measurements & indices (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[950,966,1709,1735]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 1):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
SL = 0.458; FRS = 0.188; CW = 0.560; CWb = 0.515; PoOC = 0.232; CL = 0.617; EL = 0.143; EW = 0.112; MD = 0.129; WL = 0.725; SPST = 0.153; MPST = 0.241; PEL = 0.298; NOL = 0.181; NOH = 0.117; PEH = 0.197; PPL = 0.170; PPH = 0.197; PW = 0.367; SBPA = 0.150; SPTI = 0.207; PEW = 0.139; PNW = 0.170; PPW = 0.295; HFL = 0.508; HFWmax = 0.117; HFWmin = 0.040; CS = 0.824; ES = 0.199; SI = 89; OI = 24; CI = 83; WLI = 141; SBI = 29; PSI = 21; PWI = 212; PLI = 175; NI = 155; PNWI = 122; NLI = 61; FI = 293.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="195.[498,1542,234,1934]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[530,777,314,340]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Worker description:</emphasis>
|
||
In full-face view, head subquadrate, longer than broad (CI 83). Antennal scapes short: when fully retracted, failing to reach the posterior margin of the head capsule by about the maximum width of the scape (SI 89). Mandibles densely, finely striate but weakly shining and armed with five teeth: the apical-most well developed and acute, followed by a less developed preapical tooth and three equally developed smaller teeth. Anterior clypeal margin evenly convex medially. Antennae 12-segmented; antennal club of composed of three segments, with the apical-most segment longer than the preceding two in combination. Frontal carinae short, extending past the antennal toruli by about one and a half times the maximum width of the antennal scape. Compound eyes moderately protruding past the lateral margins of the head capsule. Lateral margin of head weakly convex, forming a continuous arc from the mandibular insertions to the posterior margin of the head. Posterior head margin flat but rounding evenly into the lateral margins.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="195.[498,1542,234,1934]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
|
||
In profile view, compound eyes ovular and moderately large (OI 24), with 10 ommatidia in longest row. Pronotal declivity indistinct, neck and anterior face of pronotum forming a ~120
|
||
<emphasis box="[557,567,907,925]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[557,567,907,925]" fontSize="8" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">°</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
angle. Mesosoma sinuate: very strongly convex from where it joins the pronotal neck to the propodeum, which is flat and rounds evenly into the base of the propodeal spines. Promesonotal suture extending from the posterior margin of the procoxal insertion to the mesothoracic spiracle, which is moderately well developed; suture continues dorsally as a weak sulcus. Metanotal groove visible as a disruption of the sculpture laterally from where it arises between the mid- and hind coxae to where it ends in the poorly developed metathoracic spiracle, which is nearly indistinguishable against the ground sculpture. Propodeal spiracle moderately well developed, directed laterally, and separated from the propodeal declivity by about four spiracle diameters. Propodeal spines moderately well developed, but short (PSI 21), slightly shorter than the propodeal declivity, tapering evenly from the base, weakly downcurved near the apices, and acute. Propodeal declivity flat, forming a rounded ~120
|
||
<emphasis box="[948,958,1345,1363]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[948,958,1345,1363]" fontSize="8" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">°</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
angle with the base of the propodeal spines. Propodeal lobes rounded and weakly developed. Metapleural gland bulla small, extending from the metacoxal insertion halfway to the propodeal spiracle. Petiole moderately long (PLI 175), without tubercles anterodorsally. Subpetiolar process in the form of an acute, triangular tooth; ventral margin of petiole flat posterior to it. Petiolar peduncle short: comprising about a third of the length of the petiole. Petiolar node robust and erect, subquadrate: transition between peduncle and node marked by a rounded angle of ~120
|
||
<emphasis box="[1524,1534,1584,1602]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[1524,1534,1584,1602]" fontSize="8" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">°</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, resulting in a concave anterior node face; anterior face meeting the dorsal face at a rounded angle of ~110
|
||
<emphasis box="[659,669,1664,1682]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[659,669,1664,1682]" fontSize="8" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">°</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; dorsal face weakly convex, meeting the posterior face at a rounded ~90
|
||
<emphasis box="[1525,1535,1664,1682]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[1525,1535,1664,1682]" fontSize="8" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">°</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
angle; posterior face forms a ~90
|
||
<emphasis box="[886,896,1704,1722]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[886,896,1704,1722]" fontSize="8" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">°</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
angle with the caudal cylinder. Postpetiolar dorsum evenly rounded; weakly lobed ventrally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="195.[498,1542,234,1934]" lastBlockId="196.[498,1542,234,1854]" lastPageId="196" lastPageNumber="197" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">In dorsal view, humeri developed: evenly rounded and wider than the rest of the mesosoma; mesothoracic spiracles protruding past the lateral margins of the mesosoma, visible as slight angles where the pronotum meets the mesonotum. Promesonotal suture indicated by a band of denser sculpture. Metanotal groove absent: mesonotum and propodeum completely fused and lateral margins converging evenly to the bases of the propodeal spines. Propodeal spines broadly approximated basally, bases joined by a rounded transverse welt, and diverging apically, their apices separated from each other by slightly less than their length, the negative space between them “U” shaped. Petiolar peduncle with spiracles not protruding past the lateral margins; peduncle not noticeably constricted anterior to them. Petiolar node ovular and longitudinally elongate, the anterior of the node narrower than the posterior margin; node tapering, so that the apex is narrower than the base. Base of node wider than the peduncle, and about one and quarter times as wide as the caudal cylinder. Postpetiole moderately broad (PWI 212) and campaniform, articulating with most of the anterior margin of the gaster, leaving small, angulate margins on each side exposed. Anterior margin of the postpetiole flat and evenly rounds into the lateral margins, which diverge slightly to the angulate posterior corners; posterior margin flat. Metafemur moderately incrassate (FI 293).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="196.[498,1542,234,1854]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Sculpture: median clypeal carina present, extending from the anterior margin of the clypeus to the level of the antennal insertions, and flanked by two slightly weaker carinae. Lateral clypeal lobes with additional, weaker carinae; ground sculpture shining through weak areolate sculpture. Antennal scapes weakly areolate-costulate. Cephalic dorsum smooth and shining, with costulae flanking the frontal carinae medially, extending just beyond the level of the posterior margins of the compound eyes. Lateral surfaces of head predominantly smooth and shining, but with areolate sculpture on the ventral margin behind the compound eye and strongly rugose sculpture between the compound eye and mandibular insertion. Ventral surface of head weakly, finely areolate-costulate posteromedially, otherwise smooth and shining. Pronotal neck weakly areolate. Lateral surface of the pronotum rugulose anteriorly, and smooth and shining on the posterior half. Lateral surface of the rest of the mesosoma areolate, but with smooth and shining patches anterior and posterior to the propodeal spiracles. Propodeal declivity smooth and shining. Dorsal surface of pronotum finely costulate, but smooth and shining medially. Pronotum delineated from the mesonotum by a transverse strip of dense, rugulose sculpture. Mesonotum and propodeum weakly longitudinally areolate-costulate, but smooth and shining medially. Mesonotum delineated from the propodeum by an indistinct transverse sulcus. Femora shining, with weak areolate sculpture on the distal third. Petiole weakly areolate laterally, but smooth and shining anteriorly, and weakly areolate-costulate dorsally. Postpetiole predominantly smooth and shining, but with weakly areolate-strigulate on the posterodorsal half. First gastral tergite smooth and shining, with weak spectral iridescence. First gastral sternite smooth and shining.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="196.[498,1542,234,1854]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Setae: antennal scapes and funiculi with short, decumbent pilosity. Dorsum of the head, pronotum, waist segments, and gaster with moderately abundant, erect, blunt-tipped setae, the longest of which are about the width of the compound eye. The head bears ~30, mesosoma ~20, petiole 6, postpetiole ~8, and first gastral tergite ~26 setae. Short, sparse pubescence present over the entire body, but difficult to detect against the areolate sculpture.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="197.[498,1542,234,1895]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Color: predominantly dark brown, with mandibles and antennae testaceous yellow. Procoxae, sting, and femora testaceous. Trochanters, meso- and metacoxae, tibiae, and tarsi very pale yellow, nearly white.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="197.[498,1542,234,1895]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[530,1001,353,380]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
|
||
Gyne measurements & indices (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[919,935,354,380]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 1):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
SL = 0.483; FRS = 0.206; CW = 0.661; CWb = 0.620; PoOC = 0.231; CL = 0.636; EL = 0.210; EW = 0.160; MD = 0.115; WL = 1.083; SPST = 0.205; MPST = 0.290; PEL = 0.388; NOL = 0.168; NOH = 0.133; PEH = 0.240; PPL = 0.204; PPH = 0.290; PW = 0.633; SBPA = 0.296; SPTI = 0.275; PEW = 0.188; PNW = 0.221; PPW = 0.370; HFL = 0.584; HFWmax = 0.129; HFWmin = 0.050; CS = 0.938; ES = 0.290; SI = 78; OI = 31; CI = 97; WLI = 175; SBI = 48; PSI = 19; PWI = 197; PLI = 190; NI = 126; PNWI = 118; NLI = 43; FI = 258.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="197.[498,1542,234,1895]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[530,746,632,658]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Gyne description:</emphasis>
|
||
In full-face view, head subquadrate, about as long as broad (CI 97). Mandibles densely, finely striate but shining and armed with five teeth: the apical-most well developed, followed by a less developed preapical tooth and three equally developed smaller teeth. Anterior clypeal margin evenly convex medially. Antennal scapes short: when fully retracted, failing to reach the posterior margin of the head capsule by about half the maximum width of the scape (SI 78). Antennae 12-segmented; antennal club composed of three segments, with the apical-most segment longer than the preceding two in combination. Frontal carinae moderately long, extending past the antennal toruli by about two times the maximum width of the antennal scape. Compound eyes moderately protruding past the lateral margins of the head capsule. Lateral margin of head behind the compound eyes weakly convex; below the compound eyes, lateral margins converging to the mandibular insertions. Posterior head margin flat, rounding evenly into the lateral margins.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="197.[498,1542,234,1895]" lastBlockId="198.[498,1542,234,1854]" lastPageId="198" lastPageNumber="199" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
|
||
In profile view, compound eyes ovular and large (OI 31), with 16 ommatidia in longest row. Mesoscutum rounded evenly anteriorly, covering the dorsal surface of the pronotum, and flat dorsally. Mesoscutellum on the same level as the mesoscutum. Posterior margin of metanotum extending slightly past the posterior margin of the mesoscutum. Propodeal spiracle well developed, directed posterolaterally, and separated from the propodeal declivity by about four spiracle diameters. Propodeal spines stout and moderately well developed (PSI 19), about half as long as the propodeal declivity, triangular, directed posteriorly, straight, and acute. Propodeal declivity weakly concave, forming a rounded ~110
|
||
<emphasis box="[789,799,1465,1483]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[789,799,1465,1483]" fontSize="8" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">°</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
angle with the base of the propodeal spines. Propodeal lobes rounded and very weakly developed. Metapleural gland bulla moderately large, extending from the metacoxal insertion two thirds of the way to the propodeal spiracle. Petiole moderately long (PLI 190), without tubercles anterodorsally. Subpetiolar process in the form of a very small, triangular, very acute tooth, which grades evenly into the ventral margin of the petiole posteriorly; ventral margin of petiole very weakly bulging. Petiolar peduncle short: comprising about a third of the length of the petiole. Petiolar node robust and erect, evenly rounded: transition between peduncle and node indistinct, marked by a rounded angle of ~140
|
||
<emphasis box="[825,835,1784,1802]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[825,835,1784,1802]" fontSize="8" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">°</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, resulting in a concave anterior node face; anterior face rounding evenly into the dorsal face, which is evenly convex; dorsal face rounding evenly into the posterior face, which forms a ~100
|
||
<emphasis box="[994,1004,1863,1881]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[994,1004,1863,1881]" fontSize="8" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">°</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
angle with the caudal cylinder. Postpetiole flat anteriorly, bulging slightly anterodorsally before flattening posterodorsally; ventral surface lobed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="198.[498,1542,234,1854]" pageId="198" pageNumber="199">In dorsal view, mesoscutum covering pronotum anteriorly, but humeri visible laterally as rounded sclerites. Propodeal spines weakly diverging apically, their apices separated from each other by about three times their length. Petiolar peduncle with spiracles not protruding past the lateral margins. Petiolar node campaniform: evenly convex anteriorly, and flat posteriorly; node tapering, so that the apex is narrower than the base. Base of node wider than the peduncle, and about one and quarter times as wide as the caudal cylinder. Postpetiole subquadrate, narrow (PWI 197), and articulating with most of the anterior margin of the gaster, leaving small, angulate margins on each side exposed. Anterior margin of postpetiole weakly convex, with corners marked by rounded angles as it transitions to the lateral margins, which are parallel to the angulate posterior corners; posterior margin flat. Metafemur moderately incrassate (FI 258).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="198.[498,1542,234,1854]" pageId="198" pageNumber="199">Sculpture: median clypeal carina present, extending from the anterior margin of the clypeus to the level of the antennal insertions, and flanked by two slightly weaker carinae. Lateral clypeal lobes with additional weaker carinae; ground sculpture weakly areolate. Antennal scapes very weakly areolate-costulate. Cephalic dorsum costate with weaker cross reticulations; very fine concentric costulae surrounding the antennal insertions; strip of smooth and shining sculpture extending from the frontal triangle to the median ocellus; posterior to the median ocellus, the strip of smooth and shining sculpture broadening to the width separating the lateral ocelli. Lateral surfaces of head costate, with rugose sculpture surrounding the compound eye, and between the compound eye and the mandibular insertion. Ventral surface of head shining through weak areolate-costulate sculpture. Pronotal neck shining through weak areolate sculpture. Lateral surfaces of the mesosoma areolate-costulate, becoming weaker on the posteromedial part of the lateral face of the pronotum, anterior third of the mesopleurae, and in small patches anterior and posterior to the propodeal spiracle. Propodeal declivity weakly strigulate. Mesoscutum costulate, with smooth and shining sculpture in a small patch anteromedially, and in two patches near the wing bases. Mesoscutellum predominantly smooth and shining, with indications of weak costulae. Femora shining through traces of weak areolate sculpture. Petiole and postpetiole weakly longitudinally areolate-costulate laterally. Dorsal face of the peduncle weakly, finely areolate. Anterior face of the petiolar node smooth and shining; dorsal face of the node with fine concentric costulae. Postpetiole smooth and shining anteriorly; dorsal surface with fine concentric areolate-costulate sculpture. First gastral tergite smooth and shining, without spectral iridescence. First gastral sternite smooth and shining.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="198.[498,1542,234,1854]" pageId="198" pageNumber="199">Setae: antennal scapes and funiculi with short, decumbent pilosity. Dorsum of the head, pronotum, waist segments, and gaster with moderately abundant, erect, blunt-tipped setae, the longest of which are about half the width of the compound eye. Short, sparse pubescence present over the entire body, but difficult to detect against the areolate sculpture.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5102347" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5102347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5102347/files/figure.png" pageId="199" pageNumber="200" startId="199.[116,181,905,927]" targetBox="[90,1541,234,892]" targetPageId="199">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="199.[116,1516,905,1015]" pageId="199" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[116,580,905,927]" pageId="199" pageNumber="200">
|
||
Figure 120
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Prebus, 2021" authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" box="[233,499,905,927]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="199" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="misomoschus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[233,499,905,927]" italics="true" pageId="199" pageNumber="200">Temnothorax misomoschus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[504,580,906,927]" pageId="199" pageNumber="200" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(A–C) Holotype worker (LACMENT323430). (A) Full-face view. (B) Profile view. (C) Dorsal view. (D–F) Paratype gyne (LACMENT323429). (D) Full-face view. (E) Profile view. (F) Dorsal view. (G) Geographical and elevational distribution of specimens examined. Type localities are represented by triangles, non-type localities are represented by circles. Bounding box in inset map shows location of main map. Scale bars 0.2 mm. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11514/fig-120
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="199.[498,1542,1070,1455]" pageId="199" pageNumber="200">Color: predominantly dark brown, with mandibles and antennae testaceous yellow. Procoxae, sting, and femora testaceous. Trochanters, meso- and metacoxae, tibiae, and tarsi very pale yellow, nearly white.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="199.[498,1542,1070,1455]" box="[530,730,1190,1216]" pageId="199" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[530,597,1190,1216]" pageId="199" pageNumber="200">Male:</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="199" pageNumber="200" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="199.[498,1542,1070,1455]" pageId="199" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[530,668,1230,1256]" pageId="199" pageNumber="200">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
Geographical, from ‘xinca’, one of the many Mayan dialects spoken by the indigenous people of
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[752,881,1269,1295]" name="Guatemala" pageId="199" pageNumber="200">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="199" pageNumber="200" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="199.[498,1542,1070,1455]" pageId="199" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[530,670,1309,1335]" pageId="199" pageNumber="200">Comments:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Prebus, 2021" authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" box="[678,913,1309,1335]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="199" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xincai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[678,913,1309,1335]" italics="true" pageId="199" pageNumber="200">Temnothorax xincai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[922,1013,1310,1336]" pageId="199" pageNumber="200" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is known only from a couple of Winkler leaf litter extractions made in high elevation pine forests in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1240,1369,1349,1375]" name="Guatemala" pageId="199" pageNumber="200">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
. This species is closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Baroni Urbani" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[705,781,1389,1415]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="199" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ixili">
|
||
<emphasis box="[705,781,1389,1415]" italics="true" pageId="199" pageNumber="200">T. ixili</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Prebus, 2021" authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" box="[843,932,1389,1415]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="199" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="achii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[843,932,1389,1415]" italics="true" pageId="199" pageNumber="200">T. achii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[941,1034,1390,1416]" pageId="199" pageNumber="200" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, which are also known from low to high elevation leaf litter extractions and nests in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1013,1129,1429,1455]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Oncidium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Asparagales" pageId="199" pageNumber="200" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1013,1129,1429,1455]" italics="true" pageId="199" pageNumber="200">Oncidium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
orchids.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |