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<document id="74492125D7E1C6E2DC03C0AC1FE7BCB7" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.521.1.3" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5530478" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1632743045094" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Arana, Marcelo D., Luna, María Luján, Berrueta, Pedro C., Martinenco, María Luz &amp; Giudice, Gabriela E." docDate="2021" docId="653287F8D87E06346280FE5A999DFA50" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.521.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 521 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.521.1.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Rumohra ponceana Arana, Luna &amp; Giudice 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="990BFF80D87C063C6208FFCE994CFFF4" masterDocTitle="Rumohra ponceana (Polypodiales: Dryopteridaceae): a new species from Pampean biogeographic province in Argentina" masterLastPageNumber="38" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1699415172105" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="AF5755A05A16A936C307FFF0E5F18BBF">Rumohra ponceana (Polypodiales: Dryopteridaceae): a new species from Pampean biogeographic province in Argentina</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7D00D57CC44A4DB25ACEC195C505148F">Arana, Marcelo D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="01762CD0A2A61D932019274A2B9D1430">Grupo GIVE, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Instituto ICBIA (UNRC-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 km 601, X 5804 ZAB Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina &amp; marana @ exa. unrc. edu. ar; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7921 - 6186</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="64E58E4135E10CD69272132E7E6B14A0">Luna, María Luján</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6EBF42E8233EE58AD98BF2D6C2180317">Laboratorio de Anatomía Comparada, Propagación y Conservación de Embriofitas “ Dr. Elías de la Sota ”, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Boulevard 120 y 61, B 1900 FWA, La Plata, Argentina. &amp; lujanluna @ fcnym. unlp. edu. ar; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7025 - 782 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="D0F57DC70A1B31F9398B5B94C20292DD">Laboratorio de Anatomía Comparada, Propagación y Conservación de Embriofitas “ Dr. Elías de la Sota ”, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Boulevard 120 y 61, B 1900 FWA, La Plata, Argentina. &amp; luz. martinenco @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5228 - 7128</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="70776B85979D76EF6C3E1F7A6687A212">Giudice, Gabriela E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="535107AF13D4E2EF69B5CA738E0DC77D">Laboratorio de Anatomía Comparada, Propagación y Conservación de Embriofitas “ Dr. Elías de la Sota ”, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Boulevard 120 y 61, B 1900 FWA, La Plata, Argentina. &amp; gegiudice @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1352 - 4009</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87E063E6280FE5A9BCCFE5A" ID-CoL="8SKPX" authority="Arana, Luna &amp; Giudice" authorityName="Arana, Luna &amp; Giudice" authorityYear="2021" box="[136,640,404,431]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponceana" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87E063E6280FE5A9822FE5A" bold="true" box="[136,366,404,431]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Rumohra ponceana</emphasis>
Arana, Luna &amp; Giudice
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, 
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<materialsCitation id="5DF33CB3D87E063E6280FE7299A0FE02" accessionNumber="LP 082551" collectingDate="1967-11" collectionCode="E, R, LP" collectorName="de la Sota" country="Argentina" location="Partido Tandil" municipality="Type" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires" typeStatus="holotype">
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: 
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: 
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, “La Cascada”, 
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<collectingDate id="8961E9C6D87E063E6105FE729AE7FE26" box="[781,939,444,466]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" value="1967-11">November 1967</collectingDate>
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, 
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<collectionCode id="8B8AAE2BD87E063E61BDFE729A8BFE25" box="[949,967,444,465]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="8B8AAE2BD87E063E61D8FE729AADFE25" box="[976,993,444,465]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">R</collectionCode>
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<collectorName id="406E5338D87E063E61E2FE729D07FE25" box="[1002,1099,444,465]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">de la Sota</collectorName>
5283
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(
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: 
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082551!) (
<figureCitation id="75A02A6BD87E063E6773FE7299A8FE02" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="3.[136,229,2044,2066]" captionStartId-1="4.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionStartId-2="5.[136,229,1883,1905]" captionStartId-3="6.[136,229,1848,1870]" captionStartId-4="7.[136,229,1412,1434]" captionTargetBox-0="[198,1389,281,2020]" captionTargetBox-1="[232,1372,215,1919]" captionTargetBox-2="[187,1401,190,1859]" captionTargetBox-3="[319,1270,190,1824]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1436,190,1387]" captionTargetId-0="figure-66@3.[198,1389,281,2020]" captionTargetId-1="figure-24@4.[190,1397,190,1929]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@5.[187,1401,190,1859]" captionTargetId-3="figure-24@6.[318,1270,190,1824]" captionTargetId-4="figure-17@7.[151,1436,190,1387]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="6" captionTargetPageId-4="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Holotype of Rumohra ponceana, de la Sota 5283 (LP 082551)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Rumohra ponceana.—A: general habit showing lamina architecture; B: last segment, abaxial view with sori.—Drawn from holotype, LP 082551, by H. Mussolini." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Rumohra ponceana. Morphology of the scales. A–E. Rhizome scales. A. Scale with entire margin. B. Scale with denticulate margin. C. Detail of denticulate margin. D–E. Glandular hairs in scales of specimens from different localities. F–K. Petiole Scales. F. Scale with entire margin. G. Scale with denticulate margin and glandular hairs. H. Glandular hair in detail (arrow). I–K. A whole scale with denticulate margin. I. Auriculed base (arrowheads). J. Middle zone. K.Apex. L–Q. Leaf scales. L–N. Different scales from the rachis. O–Q. Different scales from the lamina. A–B, D, F–H from de la Sota 5283; C, E, I–K, P–Q from Proyecto Ventania 1035 and Delucchi 2950; M–O from de la Sota 5291." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Morphology of the spores. A–D Rumohra ponceana. A. LM micrograph of a spore in equatorial view. Tuberculate perispore is evident. B–D. SEM micrographs. Tubercles of different sizes and shapes are observed over the entire surface. B. Spore in equatorial view. C. Spore in distal view. D. Spore in proximal view. Tubercles on the laesurae are observed (arrows). E–H. Rumohra adiantiformis. E. LM micrograph of a spore in distal view. Folded perispore with scattered tubercles. F-H. SEM micrographs. F. Spore in distal view with folded perispore with irregular tubercles. G. Spore in equatorial view. Tubercles in distal pole are evident. H. Spore in proximal view. Rugulated perispore and a straight and tenuimarginate laesura are evident (arrow).A from de la Sota 5291; B–D from de la Sota 5283 and Meza Torres et al. 315; F–H from Berrueta et al. 343." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Habitat of Rumohra ponceana. A. Buenos Aires, Tandil, Cerro Venado, 389 m a. s. l. B. Sunny rock crevices showing Rumohra ponceana populations. C. General aspect of Rumohra ponceana in more detail.All photographs by M. Luján Luna." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530480" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530482" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530484" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530486" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530488" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5530480/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5530482/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5530484/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5530486/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/5530488/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Figs. 1–5</figureCitation>
)
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Diagnosis— 
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is distinguished from the Argentinian specimens referred to 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87E063E6607FDCA9DBDFDED" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1934" baseAuthorityName="G. Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1786" box="[1039,1265,516,537]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adiantiformis">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87E063E6607FDCA9DBDFDED" box="[1039,1265,516,537]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Rumohra adiantiformis</emphasis>
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by the presence of conspicuous, capitate glandular hairs with exudate on the margins of rhizome and petiole scales, versus scales with almost entire or slightly dentate margins, without such capitate, glandular hairs. Laminae proximally 2-pinnate-pinnatifid, only in the basal segment, versus laminae proximally 3-pinnate-pinnatifid. The spores brown to dark brown, 40–50 µm in equatorial diameter and 30–35 µm in polar diameter, laesura 20–25 µm long, covered with tubercles, perispore folded, projecting in irregular, large tubercles throughout its surface, versus spores light brown, 25–27 µm in equatorial diameter and 18–20 µm in polar diameter, laesura 10-15 µm long, straight and tenuimarginate, perispore rugulated in polar view and rugulate and folded in distal view, with scattered and irregular, smaller tubercles in 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87E063E6377FCCE9B2CFCE1" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1934" baseAuthorityName="G. Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1786" box="[383,608,768,789]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adiantiformis">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87E063E6377FCCE9B2CFCE1" box="[383,608,768,789]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Rumohra adiantiformis</emphasis>
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.
</paragraph>
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Plants epipetric or growing in rock crevices; roots inserted ventrally; rhizomes creeping, densely scaly, the scales up to 10–13 × 
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, ovate, basifixed, base slightly cordate, the apex acute, the margins entire to denticulate, with bicellular clavate glandular hairs with exudate, medium brown, sub-clathrate (
<figureCitation id="75A02A6BD87E063E6639FC429DFDFC52" box="[1073,1201,908,934]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1883,1905]" captionTargetBox="[187,1401,190,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[187,1401,190,1859]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rumohra ponceana. Morphology of the scales. A–E. Rhizome scales. A. Scale with entire margin. B. Scale with denticulate margin. C. Detail of denticulate margin. D–E. Glandular hairs in scales of specimens from different localities. F–K. Petiole Scales. F. Scale with entire margin. G. Scale with denticulate margin and glandular hairs. H. Glandular hair in detail (arrow). I–K. A whole scale with denticulate margin. I. Auriculed base (arrowheads). J. Middle zone. K.Apex. L–Q. Leaf scales. L–N. Different scales from the rachis. O–Q. Different scales from the lamina. A–B, D, F–H from de la Sota 5283; C, E, I–K, P–Q from Proyecto Ventania 1035 and Delucchi 2950; M–O from de la Sota 5291." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5530484/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 3 A–E</figureCitation>
); leaves dorsal, 
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long, monomorphic; petioles 
<quantity id="2A639B0BD87E063E600FFC7E9B35FC3F" box="[519,633,944,971]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="cm" value="20.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="10.0">10–30 cm</quantity>
× 2.0–5.0 mm, brown, grooved adaxially, moderately to densely scaly throughout, the scales basifixed with large overlapping auricles (pseudopeltate), up to 10–13 × 
<quantity id="2A639B0BD87E063E66DEFC1A9C74FC1B" box="[1238,1336,980,1007]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7–8 mm</quantity>
, mediumbrown, bicoloured with darker centres, sub-clathrate, the apices long-attenuate to filiform, tortuous, the margins entire to denticulate with bicellular clavate glandular hairs with exudate (
<figureCitation id="75A02A6BD87E063E61D8FBD29D18FBC3" box="[976,1108,1052,1079]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1883,1905]" captionTargetBox="[187,1401,190,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[187,1401,190,1859]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rumohra ponceana. Morphology of the scales. A–E. Rhizome scales. A. Scale with entire margin. B. Scale with denticulate margin. C. Detail of denticulate margin. D–E. Glandular hairs in scales of specimens from different localities. F–K. Petiole Scales. F. Scale with entire margin. G. Scale with denticulate margin and glandular hairs. H. Glandular hair in detail (arrow). I–K. A whole scale with denticulate margin. I. Auriculed base (arrowheads). J. Middle zone. K.Apex. L–Q. Leaf scales. L–N. Different scales from the rachis. O–Q. Different scales from the lamina. A–B, D, F–H from de la Sota 5283; C, E, I–K, P–Q from Proyecto Ventania 1035 and Delucchi 2950; M–O from de la Sota 5291." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5530484/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 3 F–K</figureCitation>
); laminae 18–36 × 
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, chartaceous or subcoriaceous, bicoloured, with a lighter abaxial surface, always erect, rhombic, sometimes broadly lanceolate, proximally 2-pinnate-pinnatifid (only the basal segment), becoming gradually less divided toward the pinnatifid apex (
<figureCitation id="75A02A6BD87E063E634BFB4698D3FB56" box="[323,415,1160,1186]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[232,1372,215,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[190,1397,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rumohra ponceana.—A: general habit showing lamina architecture; B: last segment, abaxial view with sori.—Drawn from holotype, LP 082551, by H. Mussolini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5530482/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
); rachises abaxially rounded, adaxially with a central raised ridge flanked on both sides by a groove and lateral ridge, the lateral ridges continuous with the leaf margin; rachis scales like those of the petioles but smaller (up to 2–3 × 
<quantity id="2A639B0BD87E063E63A8FB1E9B65FB1F" box="[416,553,1232,1259]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.7 mm</quantity>
) and bases with ciliate margins (
<figureCitation id="75A02A6BD87E063E6193FB1E9D51FB1F" box="[923,1053,1232,1259]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1883,1905]" captionTargetBox="[187,1401,190,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[187,1401,190,1859]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rumohra ponceana. Morphology of the scales. A–E. Rhizome scales. A. Scale with entire margin. B. Scale with denticulate margin. C. Detail of denticulate margin. D–E. Glandular hairs in scales of specimens from different localities. F–K. Petiole Scales. F. Scale with entire margin. G. Scale with denticulate margin and glandular hairs. H. Glandular hair in detail (arrow). I–K. A whole scale with denticulate margin. I. Auriculed base (arrowheads). J. Middle zone. K.Apex. L–Q. Leaf scales. L–N. Different scales from the rachis. O–Q. Different scales from the lamina. A–B, D, F–H from de la Sota 5283; C, E, I–K, P–Q from Proyecto Ventania 1035 and Delucchi 2950; M–O from de la Sota 5291." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5530484/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 3 L–N</figureCitation>
); 5–8 pinnae pairs, lanceolate, with 8–16 segments, the segment margins coarsely serrate, abaxial lamina surface scaly, the scales like those of the rachis but slightly smaller (up to 2 × 
<quantity id="2A639B0BD87E063E63E2FAD69B06FAC7" box="[490,586,1304,1331]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
) and concolorous (
<figureCitation id="75A02A6BD87E063E612EFAD69AE2FAC6" box="[806,942,1304,1330]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1883,1905]" captionTargetBox="[187,1401,190,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[187,1401,190,1859]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rumohra ponceana. Morphology of the scales. A–E. Rhizome scales. A. Scale with entire margin. B. Scale with denticulate margin. C. Detail of denticulate margin. D–E. Glandular hairs in scales of specimens from different localities. F–K. Petiole Scales. F. Scale with entire margin. G. Scale with denticulate margin and glandular hairs. H. Glandular hair in detail (arrow). I–K. A whole scale with denticulate margin. I. Auriculed base (arrowheads). J. Middle zone. K.Apex. L–Q. Leaf scales. L–N. Different scales from the rachis. O–Q. Different scales from the lamina. A–B, D, F–H from de la Sota 5283; C, E, I–K, P–Q from Proyecto Ventania 1035 and Delucchi 2950; M–O from de la Sota 5291." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5530484/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 3 O–Q</figureCitation>
); sori roundish, medial, indusiate (
<figureCitation id="75A02A6BD87E063E6733FAD69CD1FAC7" box="[1339,1437,1304,1331]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[232,1372,215,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[190,1397,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rumohra ponceana.—A: general habit showing lamina architecture; B: last segment, abaxial view with sori.—Drawn from holotype, LP 082551, by H. Mussolini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5530482/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 2 B</figureCitation>
), paraphyses absent, receptacle brown to black, indusium peltate, roundish, 1.0– 
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diam., deciduous, glabrous; spores ellipsoidal, monolete, brown to dark brown, 40-50 µm in equatorial diameter and 30–35 µm in polar diameter, laesura 20–25 µm long covered with tubercles. Perispore folded, projecting in irregular tubercles densely distributed throughout the spore surface. Small, low folds of various shapes occur between the tubercles (
<figureCitation id="75A02A6BD87E063E66AEFA669C64FA36" box="[1190,1320,1448,1474]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[136,229,1848,1870]" captionTargetBox="[319,1270,190,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[318,1270,190,1824]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphology of the spores. A–D Rumohra ponceana. A. LM micrograph of a spore in equatorial view. Tuberculate perispore is evident. B–D. SEM micrographs. Tubercles of different sizes and shapes are observed over the entire surface. B. Spore in equatorial view. C. Spore in distal view. D. Spore in proximal view. Tubercles on the laesurae are observed (arrows). E–H. Rumohra adiantiformis. E. LM micrograph of a spore in distal view. Folded perispore with scattered tubercles. F-H. SEM micrographs. F. Spore in distal view with folded perispore with irregular tubercles. G. Spore in equatorial view. Tubercles in distal pole are evident. H. Spore in proximal view. Rugulated perispore and a straight and tenuimarginate laesura are evident (arrow).A from de la Sota 5291; B–D from de la Sota 5283 and Meza Torres et al. 315; F–H from Berrueta et al. 343." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530486" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5530486/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 4 A–D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5816565D87E063F62B5FA029D81FEF4" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="ED2436EED87E063E62B5FA029A48F886" blockId="2.[136,1452,836,2087]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87E063E62B5FA0298B8FA12" bold="true" box="[189,500,1484,1510]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Distribution and habitat:</emphasis>
—This species is known only from Tandilia and Ventania Mountain Systems, in Southern Buenos Aires. Biogeographically, these very ancient Systems are part of the Austral Pampean district, Pampean biogeographic province (
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD87E063E6005F9DA9B98F9DA" author="Arana, M. D. &amp; Natale, E. &amp; Oggero, A. &amp; Ferreti, N. &amp; Romano, G. &amp; Martinez, G. &amp; Posadas, P. &amp; Morrone, J. J." box="[525,724,1556,1583]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" refId="ref5711" refString="Arana, M. D., Natale, E., Oggero, A., Ferreti, N., Romano, G., Martinez, G., Posadas, P. &amp; Morrone, J. J. (2021) Esquema biogeografico de la Republica Argentina. Opera lilloana 56. Tucuman: Fundacion Miguel Lillo. [http: // www. lillo. org. ar / editorial / index. php / publicaciones / catalog / book / 253]" type="url" year="2021">
Arana 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87E063E6052F9DB9BC7F9DA" box="[602,651,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
. 2021
</bibRefCitation>
). The orographic systems of Tandilia and Ventania emerge above the Pampas plains where a high biodiversity and ecological heterogeneity occurs. In these orographic systems, the climate is temperate to cold and dry, and snowfalls can occur during winter. The flora that has developed in these environments has different morpho-anatomical adaptive characteristics (
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD87E063E6194F94E9D8CF96F" author="Kristensen, M. J. &amp; Frangi, J. L." box="[924,1216,1664,1691]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" pagination="35 - 46" refId="ref6954" refString="Kristensen, M. J. &amp; Frangi, J. L. (2015) Chasmophytic vegetation and mesoclimates of rock outcrops in Ventania (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Boletin de la Sociedad Argentina de Botanica 50: 35 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.31055 / 1851.2372. v 50. n 1.11018" type="journal article" year="2015">Kristensen&amp; Frangi,2015</bibRefCitation>
)and biogeographical relationships with the tropical, subtropical and Subantarctic Andes, Southern 
<collectingCountry id="958C767ED87E063E61F1F96A9D71F94A" box="[1017,1085,1700,1726]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Brazil</collectingCountry>
and other mountainous areas in central and North-Western 
<collectingCountry id="958C767ED87E063E63B3F9069B66F916" box="[443,554,1736,1762]" name="Argentina" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Argentina</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD87E063E6033F9069A41F916" author="Crisci, J. V. &amp; Freire, S. &amp; Sancho, G. &amp; Katinas, L." box="[571,781,1736,1763]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" pagination="21 - 41" refId="ref6409" refString="Crisci, J. V., Freire, S., Sancho, G. &amp; Katinas, L. (2001) Historical biogeography of the Asteraceae from Tandilia and Ventania mountain ranges (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Caldasia 23: 21 - 41." type="journal article" year="2001">
Crisci 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87E063E6080F9079BF7F916" box="[648,699,1736,1762]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
., 2001
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD87E063E6110F9069AA0F916" author="Arana, M. D. &amp; Morrone, J. J. &amp; Ponce, M. &amp; Oggero, A. J." box="[792,1004,1736,1763]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" pagination="357 - 376" refId="ref5572" refString="Arana, M. D., Morrone, J. J., Ponce, M. &amp; Oggero, A. J. (2013) Patrones biogeograficos de los helechos de las sierras de Cordoba (Argentina) y sus implicancias en la conservacion. Gayana Botanica 70: 357 - 376. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.4067 / S 0717 - 66432013000200013" type="journal article" year="2013">
Arana 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87E063E616DF9079AD4F916" box="[869,920,1736,1762]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
., 2013
</bibRefCitation>
). The prevailing vegetation is the grass steppe dominated by many species of genus 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87E063E609FF9229C47F8F3" authority="(von Trinius 1830: 73) Desvaux (1854: 263)" authorityName="Desvaux" authorityPageNumber="263" authorityYear="1854" baseAuthorityName="von Trinius" baseAuthorityPageNumber="73" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[663,1291,1772,1799]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Nassella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87E063E609FF9229BBBF8F2" box="[663,759,1772,1798]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Nassella</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD87E063E6102F9229D4FF8F2" author="von Trinius, C. B." box="[778,1027,1772,1798]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" pagination="73" refId="ref7831" refString="von Trinius, C. B. (1830) Stipa subgenus Nassella. Memoires de l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences de St. - Petersbourg. Sixieme Serie. Sciences Mathematiques, Physiques et Naturelles 1: 73." type="journal article" year="1830">von Trinius 1830: 73</bibRefCitation>
) 
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</taxonomicName>
combined by shrublands (
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD87E063E6318F8DE98ACF8DE" author="Arana, M. D. &amp; Natale, E. &amp; Oggero, A. &amp; Ferreti, N. &amp; Romano, G. &amp; Martinez, G. &amp; Posadas, P. &amp; Morrone, J. J." box="[272,480,1808,1835]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" refId="ref5711" refString="Arana, M. D., Natale, E., Oggero, A., Ferreti, N., Romano, G., Martinez, G., Posadas, P. &amp; Morrone, J. J. (2021) Esquema biogeografico de la Republica Argentina. Opera lilloana 56. Tucuman: Fundacion Miguel Lillo. [http: // www. lillo. org. ar / editorial / index. php / publicaciones / catalog / book / 253]" type="url" year="2021">
Arana 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87E063E6355F8DF98DAF8DE" box="[349,406,1808,1834]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
, 2021
</bibRefCitation>
). The rock outcrops are an exclusive habitat of the mountains where ferns, sub-shrubs, forbs, grasses and graminoids occur (
<figureCitation id="75A02A6BD87E063E603AF8FA9BDAF8BA" box="[562,662,1844,1871]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1412,1434]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1387]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,190,1387]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Habitat of Rumohra ponceana. A. Buenos Aires, Tandil, Cerro Venado, 389 m a. s. l. B. Sunny rock crevices showing Rumohra ponceana populations. C. General aspect of Rumohra ponceana in more detail.All photographs by M. Luján Luna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5530488/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 5 A</figureCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87E063E60A3F8FA9AC5F8BA" authorityName="Arana, Luna &amp; Giudice" authorityYear="2021" box="[683,905,1844,1870]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponceana">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87E063E60A3F8FA9AC5F8BA" box="[683,905,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Rumohra ponceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grows particularly in sunny rock crevices, with scant soil development and water retention (
<figureCitation id="75A02A6BD87E063E607FF8969BBBF886" box="[631,759,1880,1907]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1412,1434]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1387]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,190,1387]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Habitat of Rumohra ponceana. A. Buenos Aires, Tandil, Cerro Venado, 389 m a. s. l. B. Sunny rock crevices showing Rumohra ponceana populations. C. General aspect of Rumohra ponceana in more detail.All photographs by M. Luján Luna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5530488/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 5 B–C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED2436EED87E063F62B5F8B29D81FEF4" blockId="2.[136,1452,836,2087]" lastBlockId="3.[136,1452,158,257]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87E063E62B5F8B2989CF862" bold="true" box="[189,464,1916,1942]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Conservation status:—</emphasis>
Tandilia and Ventania Mountain systems together cover an area of 
<quantity id="2A639B0BD87E063E66B4F8B29C61F862" box="[1212,1325,1916,1943]" metricMagnitude="7" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5014" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="15014.0">15014 km</quantity>
<superScript id="1AEE9BA6D87E063E6725F8B29C79F87E" attach="left" box="[1325,1333,1916,1930]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">2</superScript>
. 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87E063E674BF8B299B9F84E" authorityName="Arana, Luna &amp; Giudice" authorityYear="2021" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponceana">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87E063E674BF8B299B9F84E" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Rumohra ponceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found only in six localities, with an area of occurrence considerably smaller than 
<quantity id="2A639B0BD87E063E66B4F86E9C6DF84E" box="[1212,1313,1952,1978]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="2000.0">2000 km</quantity>
<superScript id="1AEE9BA6D87E063E6729F86E9C65F85A" attach="left" box="[1313,1321,1952,1966]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">2</superScript>
. Fieldwork suggests that most of its individuals are found in small and relatively isolated subpopulations, occupying very specific habitats, and most populations are under continuing decline owing to removal for commercialization and invasion of the species habitat by alien woody plants. Only few localities are under protection category with protected areas. These data suggest a provisional inclusion of 
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<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87F063F608AFF509A11FF4C" box="[642,861,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Rumohra ponceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as Vulnerable (VU B1), according to IUCN Red List categories and criteria (
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD87F063F6385FF0C9B5BFF28" author="IUCN" box="[397,535,194,220]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" refId="ref6776" refString="IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 3. 1. Second Edition. IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland and Cambridge. [https: // portals. iucn. org / library / sites / library / files / documents / RL- 2001 - 001 - 2 nd. pdf]" type="url" year="2012">IUCN 2012</bibRefCitation>
). Further research on the conservation status of this species is needed, particularly concerning to the degree of reduction in population size owing to removal for commercialization.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="B9E46666D87F063F6280F8329A2CF7E6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530480" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5530480" box="[136,864,2044,2066]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5530480/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" startId="3.[136,229,2044,2066]" targetBox="[198,1389,281,2020]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="ED2436EED87F063F6280F8329A2CF7E6" blockId="3.[136,864,2044,2066]" box="[136,864,2044,2066]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87F063F6280F83299B2F7E5" bold="true" box="[136,254,2044,2066]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87F063F6375F8329BE8F7E6" authority=", de la Sota" authorityName="de la Sota" box="[381,676,2044,2066]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponceana">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87F063F6375F8329B75F7E6" box="[381,569,2044,2066]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Rumohra ponceana</emphasis>
, de la Sota
</taxonomicName>
5283 (LP 082551).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B9E46666D87806386280F86F9B4CF82F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530482" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5530482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5530482/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" startId="4.[136,229,1953,1975]" targetBox="[232,1372,215,1919]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="ED2436EED87806386280F86F9B4CF82F" blockId="4.[136,1452,1953,2011]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87806386280F86F99B2F842" bold="true" box="[136,254,1953,1975]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD8780638630CF86F988DF843" box="[260,449,1953,1975]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponceana">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD8780638630CF86F988DF843" box="[260,449,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Rumohra ponceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.—A: general habit showing lamina architecture; B: last segment, abaxial view with sori.—Drawn from holotype, LP 082551, by H. Mussolini.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B9E46666D87906396280F8959882F7D1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530484" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5530484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5530484/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" startId="5.[136,229,1883,1905]" targetBox="[187,1401,190,1859]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="ED2436EED87906396280F8959882F7D1" blockId="5.[136,1452,1883,2085]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87906396280F89599B2F884" bold="true" box="[136,254,1883,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD8790639630CF895988CF885" box="[260,448,1883,1905]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponceana">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD8790639630CF895988CF885" box="[260,448,1883,1905]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Rumohra ponceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Morphology of the scales. A–E. Rhizome scales. A. Scale with entire margin. B. Scale with denticulate margin. C. Detail of denticulate margin. D–E. Glandular hairs in scales of specimens from different localities. F–K. Petiole Scales. F. Scale with entire margin. G. Scale with denticulate margin and glandular hairs. H. Glandular hair in detail (arrow). I–K. A whole scale with denticulate margin. I. Auriculed base (arrowheads). J. Middle zone. K. Apex. L–Q. Leaf scales. L–N. Different scales from the rachis. O–Q. Different scales from the lamina. A–B, D, F–H from de la Sota 5283; C, E, I–K, P–Q from Proyecto Ventania 1035 and Delucchi 2950; M–O from de la Sota 5291.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B9E46666D87A063A6280F8F69BC7F7D2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530486" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5530486" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5530486/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" startId="6.[136,229,1848,1870]" targetBox="[319,1270,190,1824]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="ED2436EED87A063A6280F8F69BC7F7D2" blockId="6.[136,1452,1848,2087]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87A063A6280F8F699B2F8BA" bold="true" box="[136,254,1848,1870]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Morphology of the spores. A–D 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87A063A6033F8F79BB4F8BA" box="[571,760,1849,1870]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponceana">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87A063A6033F8F79BB4F8BA" box="[571,760,1849,1870]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Rumohra ponceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. LM micrograph of a spore in equatorial view. Tuberculate perispore is evident. B–D. SEM micrographs. Tubercles of different sizes and shapes are observed over the entire surface. B. Spore in equatorial view. C. Spore in distal view. D. Spore in proximal view. Tubercles on the laesurae are observed (arrows). E–H. 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87A063A66CCF84F9CE9F862" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1934" baseAuthorityName="G. Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1786" box="[1220,1445,1921,1942]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adiantiformis">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87A063A66CCF84F9CE9F862" box="[1220,1445,1921,1942]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Rumohra adiantiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. E. LM micrograph of a spore in distal view. Folded perispore with scattered tubercles. F-H. SEM micrographs. F. Spore in distal view with folded perispore with irregular tubercles. G. Spore in equatorial view. Tubercles in distal pole are evident. H. Spore in proximal view. Rugulated perispore and a straight and tenuimarginate laesura are evident (arrow). A from de la Sota 5291; B–D from de la Sota 5283 and Meza Torres 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87A063A630EF7DF987BF7D2" box="[262,311,2065,2086]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">et al.</emphasis>
315; F–H from Berrueta 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87A063A6022F7DF9B17F7D2" box="[554,603,2065,2086]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">et al.</emphasis>
343.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B9E46666D87B063B6280FA4A9C76FA49" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530488" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5530488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5530488/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" startId="7.[136,229,1412,1434]" targetBox="[151,1436,190,1387]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="ED2436EED87B063B6280FA4A9C76FA49" blockId="7.[136,1451,1412,1470]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B6280FA4A984DFA6D" bold="true" box="[136,257,1412,1434]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Habitat of 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87B063B637EFA4A9B7AFA6D" box="[374,566,1412,1433]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponceana">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B637EFA4A9B7AFA6D" box="[374,566,1412,1433]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Rumohra ponceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Buenos Aires, Tandil, Cerro Venado, 389 m a. s. l. B. Sunny rock crevices showing 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87B063B6280FA669808FA49" box="[136,324,1448,1469]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponceana">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B6280FA669808FA49" box="[136,324,1448,1469]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Rumohra ponceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
populations. C. General aspect of 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87B063B6099FA669A01FA49" box="[657,845,1448,1469]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponceana">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B6099FA669A01FA49" box="[657,845,1448,1469]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Rumohra ponceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in more detail. All photographs by M. Luján Luna.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="A5816565D87B063B62B5FA229C09F89A" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="ED2436EED87B063B62B5FA2299B2F963" blockId="7.[136,1452,1516,2083]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B62B5FA229804F9F2" bold="true" box="[189,328,1516,1542]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The species is named in honor of Dr Mónica Ponce (Instituto de Botánica Darwinion, SI), one of the most relevant fern specialists in 
<collectingCountry id="958C767ED87B063B6041F9DE9BF7F9DE" box="[585,699,1552,1578]" name="Argentina" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Argentina</collectingCountry>
, whose floristic and ecological investigation started with the fern flora from Tandilia and Ventania Systems, in 
<collectingRegion id="2F5FF80CD87B063B609DF9FB9AD1F9BA" box="[661,925,1588,1615]" country="Argentina" name="Buenos Aires" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Buenos Aires province</collectingRegion>
. She has made, and still does, very important contributions to Pteridology, especially concerning Argentinian fern flora, biogeography, ecology, systematics and taxonomy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED2436EED87B063B62B5F96E9C09F89A" blockId="7.[136,1452,1516,2083]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B62B5F96E9B19F94F" bold="true" box="[189,597,1696,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
<collectingRegion id="2F5FF80CD87B063B62B5F96E9876F94E" box="[189,314,1696,1722]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Additional</collectingRegion>
specimens examined:—
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5DF33CB3D87B063B605DF96E99D3F92B" collectingDate="2005-10-20" collectionCode="G" collectorName="Azul" country="Argentina" location="Buenos Aires" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B605DF96E9AA5F94E" bold="true" box="[597,1001,1696,1722]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
<collectingCountry id="958C767ED87B063B605DF96E9A4CF94E" box="[597,768,1696,1722]" name="Argentina" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
. Prov. 
<collectingRegion id="2F5FF80CD87B063B6158F96E9AA5F94E" box="[848,1001,1696,1722]" country="Argentina" name="Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Buenos Aires</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectorName id="406E5338D87B063B61FFF96E9D63F94E" box="[1015,1071,1696,1722]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Azul</collectorName>
, sierras de 
<collectorName id="406E5338D87B063B66A0F96E9DACF94E" box="[1192,1248,1696,1722]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Azul</collectorName>
, 
<date id="9925102ED87B063B66E3F96E9CEBF94F" box="[1259,1447,1696,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="2005-10-20">
<collectingDate id="8961E9C6D87B063B66E3F96E9CEBF94F" box="[1259,1447,1696,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="2005-10-20">20 October 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectionCode id="8B8AAE2BD87B063B6280F90B99D3F92B" box="[136,159,1733,1759]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B6280F90B99D3F92B" box="[136,159,1733,1759]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">G</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B6297F90B99EFF92B" box="[159,163,1733,1759]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5DF33CB3D87B063B62A3F90A9A8AF92A" box="[171,966,1732,1758]" collectingDate="1967-11" collectionCode="LP, E, R" collectorName="Delucchi &amp; Balcarce &amp; Sierra Vigilancia" country="Argentina" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov.">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B62A3F90A9802F92A" box="[171,334,1732,1758]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
<collectorName id="406E5338D87B063B62A3F90A9842F92A" box="[171,270,1732,1758]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Delucchi</collectorName>
2950
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="8B8AAE2BD87B063B6356F90A98CFF92A" box="[350,387,1732,1758]" country="Russia" name="Laboratory of Palaeontology" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">LP</collectionCode>
); 
<collectorName id="406E5338D87B063B6390F90A98B6F92A" box="[408,506,1732,1758]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Balcarce</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="406E5338D87B063B600FF90A9B8FF92A" box="[519,707,1732,1758]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Sierra Vigilancia</collectorName>
, 
<date id="9925102ED87B063B60D8F90A9AC9F92A" box="[720,901,1732,1758]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="1967-11">
<collectingDate id="8961E9C6D87B063B60D8F90A9AC9F92A" box="[720,901,1732,1758]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="1967-11">November 1967</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B619AF90B9A8AF92A" box="[914,966,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
<collectionCode id="8B8AAE2BD87B063B619AF90B9AEAF92A" box="[914,934,1733,1758]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="8B8AAE2BD87B063B61BAF90B9A8AF92A" box="[946,966,1733,1758]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">R</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B61CEF90B9A86F92A" box="[966,970,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5DF33CB3D87B063B61DAF90A99D1F8F7" collectingDate="1985-11-27" collectionCode="LP, C" collectorName="Sota" country="Argentina" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov.">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B61DAF90A9DCFF92A" box="[978,1155,1732,1759]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
de la 
<collectorName id="406E5338D87B063B661AF90B9D0FF92B" box="[1042,1091,1733,1759]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Sota</collectorName>
5291
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="8B8AAE2BD87B063B669BF90A9DF4F92A" box="[1171,1208,1732,1758]" country="Russia" name="Laboratory of Palaeontology" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">LP</collectionCode>
); 
<date id="9925102ED87B063B66C5F90A9CEBF92B" box="[1229,1447,1732,1759]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="1985-11-27">
<collectingDate id="8961E9C6D87B063B66C5F90A9CEBF92B" box="[1229,1447,1732,1759]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="1985-11-27">27 November 1985</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectionCode id="8B8AAE2BD87B063B6280F92799D1F8F7" box="[136,157,1769,1795]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B6280F92799D1F8F7" box="[136,157,1769,1795]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B6295F92799EDF8F7" box="[157,161,1769,1795]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5DF33CB3D87B063B62A0F9269A02F8F7" box="[168,846,1768,1795]" collectingDate="1944-11-02" collectionCode="SI, A" collectorName="Villamil &amp; General Pueyrredon" country="Argentina" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov.">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B62A0F9269870F8F6" box="[168,316,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
<collectorName id="406E5338D87B063B62A0F92699B2F8F6" box="[168,254,1768,1794]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Villamil</collectorName>
3599
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="8B8AAE2BD87B063B6344F9269824F8F6" box="[332,360,1768,1794]" country="Argentina" name="Museo Botánico (SI)" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="Herbarium">SI</collectionCode>
); 
<collectorName id="406E5338D87B063B6374F9269B17F8F6" box="[380,603,1768,1794]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">General Pueyrredón</collectorName>
, 
<date id="9925102ED87B063B606EF9269A62F8F6" box="[614,814,1768,1794]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="1944-11-02">
<collectingDate id="8961E9C6D87B063B606EF9269A62F8F6" box="[614,814,1768,1794]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="1944-11-02">2 November 1944</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectionCode id="8B8AAE2BD87B063B6132F9279A02F8F7" box="[826,846,1769,1795]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B6132F9279A02F8F7" box="[826,846,1769,1795]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">A</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B6146F9279A1EF8F7" box="[846,850,1769,1795]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5DF33CB3D87B063B6150F9269BB2F8D2" collectingDate="1937-11-25" collectingDateMax="1986-12-28" collectingDateMin="1937-11-25" collectionCode="SI, LP, N" collectorName="Cabrera &amp; Padres &amp; De Vreese" country="Argentina" location="Tandil" municipality="Sierra" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov.">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B6150F9269ABEF8F6" box="[856,1010,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
<collectorName id="406E5338D87B063B6150F9269AF8F8F6" box="[856,948,1768,1794]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Cabrera</collectorName>
9932
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="8B8AAE2BD87B063B660AF9269D52F8F6" box="[1026,1054,1768,1794]" country="Argentina" name="Museo Botánico (SI)" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="Herbarium">SI</collectionCode>
). 
<collectingMunicipality id="0D40AC94D87B063B6639F9269D3EF8F6" box="[1073,1138,1768,1794]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Sierra</collectingMunicipality>
de los 
<collectorName id="406E5338D87B063B66C9F9269C41F8F6" box="[1217,1293,1768,1794]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Padres</collectorName>
, 
<date id="9925102ED87B063B6710F926998DF8D2" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="1986-12-28">
<collectingDate id="8961E9C6D87B063B6710F926998DF8D2" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="1986-12-28">28 December 1986</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B62C5F8C39825F8D2" box="[205,361,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
<collectorName id="406E5338D87B063B62C5F8C39870F8D2" box="[205,316,1805,1830]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">De Vreese</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="8B8AAE2BD87B063B6371F8C298D2F8D2" box="[377,414,1804,1830]" country="Russia" name="Laboratory of Palaeontology" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">LP</collectionCode>
); 
<location id="E8446035D87B063B63B9F8C298B5F8D2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:653287F8D87E06346280FE5A999DFA50:E8446035D87B063B63B9F8C298B5F8D2" box="[433,505,1804,1830]" country="Argentina" municipality="Sierra" name="Tandil" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" stateProvince="Prov.">Tandil</location>
, 
<date id="9925102ED87B063B600DF8C29B90F8D2" box="[517,732,1804,1831]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="1937-11-25">
<collectingDate id="8961E9C6D87B063B600DF8C29B90F8D2" box="[517,732,1804,1831]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="1937-11-25">25 November 1937</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectionCode id="8B8AAE2BD87B063B60E0F8C39BB2F8D2" box="[744,766,1805,1830]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B60E0F8C39BB2F8D2" box="[744,766,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">N</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B60F6F8C39A4EF8D2" box="[766,770,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5DF33CB3D87B063B6100F8C39815F8BE" collectingDate="2009-11-18" collectionCode="F" collectorName="Troncoso &amp; Tandil" country="Argentina" elevation="225" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" specimenCode="SI 1291" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov.">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B6100F8C39AD7F8D2" box="[776,923,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
<collectorName id="406E5338D87B063B6100F8C39A21F8D2" box="[776,877,1805,1830]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Troncoso</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="BD3D9E95D87B063B61A2F8C29D49F8D2" box="[938,1029,1804,1830]" collectionCode="SI" country="Argentina" name="Museo Botánico (SI)" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="Herbarium">SI 1291</specimenCode>
); 
<collectorName id="406E5338D87B063B6611F8C29D2DF8D2" box="[1049,1121,1804,1830]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Tandil</collectorName>
, 
<quantity id="2A639B0BD87B063B6665F8C29DFFF8D3" box="[1133,1203,1804,1831]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="225.0">
<elevation id="66B6D1DDD87B063B6665F8C29DFFF8D3" box="[1133,1203,1804,1831]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="225.0">225 m</elevation>
</quantity>
a.s.l, among rocks, 
<date id="9925102ED87B063B6798F8C29870F8BE" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="2009-11-18">
<collectingDate id="8961E9C6D87B063B6798F8C29870F8BE" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="2009-11-18">18 November 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectionCode id="8B8AAE2BD87B063B6340F8FF9815F8BE" box="[328,345,1841,1866]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B6340F8FF9815F8BE" box="[328,345,1841,1866]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">F</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B6351F8FF9811F8BE" box="[345,349,1841,1866]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5DF33CB3D87B063B636BF8FE9C0CF89A" collectingDate="1951-02-09" collectingDateMax="1980-03-15" collectingDateMin="1951-02-09" collectionCode="SI, LP" collectorName="D. Abbiatti &amp; Sierra de la Ventana" country="Argentina" location="Tandil" municipality="Zuloaga" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov.">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B636BF8FE9B44F8BE" box="[355,520,1840,1866]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
<collectingMunicipality id="0D40AC94D87B063B636BF8FE98F2F8BE" box="[355,446,1840,1866]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Zuloaga</collectingMunicipality>
11400
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="8B8AAE2BD87B063B601FF8FE9B7FF8BE" box="[535,563,1840,1866]" country="Argentina" name="Museo Botánico (SI)" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="Herbarium">SI</collectionCode>
). 
<location id="E8446035D87B063B604EF8FE9BC2F8BE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:653287F8D87E06346280FE5A999DFA50:E8446035D87B063B604EF8FE9BC2F8BE" box="[582,654,1840,1866]" country="Argentina" municipality="Zuloaga" name="Tandil" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" stateProvince="Prov.">Tandil</location>
, 
<date id="9925102ED87B063B6091F8FE9A1DF8BF" box="[665,849,1840,1867]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="1951-02-09">
<collectingDate id="8961E9C6D87B063B6091F8FE9A1DF8BF" box="[665,849,1840,1867]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="1951-02-09">9 February 1951</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B6154F8FF9D58F8BE" box="[860,1044,1840,1866]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
<collectorName id="406E5338D87B063B6154F8FF9A9AF8BE" box="[860,982,1840,1866]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">D. Abbiatti</collectorName>
4495
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="8B8AAE2BD87B063B662BF8FE9D73F8BE" box="[1059,1087,1840,1866]" country="Argentina" name="Museo Botánico (SI)" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="Herbarium">SI</collectionCode>
); Tornquist, 
<collectorName id="406E5338D87B063B66C1F8FE9CEBF8BF" box="[1225,1447,1840,1867]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Sierra de la Ventana</collectorName>
, Estancia “Sierras Grandes”, Quebrada del arroyo San Bernardo, 
<date id="9925102ED87B063B6142F89A9ABFF89A" box="[842,1011,1876,1903]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="1980-03-15">
<collectingDate id="8961E9C6D87B063B6142F89A9ABFF89A" box="[842,1011,1876,1903]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="1980-03-15">15 March 1980</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B61F7F89B9C49F89A" box="[1023,1285,1876,1902]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Proyecto Ventania 1035</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="8B8AAE2BD87B063B671CF89A9C75F89A" box="[1300,1337,1876,1902]" country="Russia" name="Laboratory of Palaeontology" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">LP</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5816565D87B063462B5F8B6999DFA50" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="ED2436EED87B063B62B5F8B69DDCF7D6" blockId="7.[136,1452,1516,2083]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87B063B62B5F8B69877F866" bold="true" box="[189,315,1912,1938]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Discussion</emphasis>
:—The delimitation of species used here follows the morphological cluster species concept (
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD87B063B6768F8B6998FF843" author="Mallet, J." pageId="7" pageNumber="34" pagination="294 - 299" refId="ref7053" refString="Mallet, J. (1995) A species definition for the modern synthesis. Trends in Ecology &amp; Evolution 10 (7): 294 - 299. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0169 - 5347 (95) 90031 - 4" type="journal article" year="1995">Mallet 1995</bibRefCitation>
), i.e., “assemblages of individuals with morphological features in common and separated from other such assemblages by correlated morphological discontinuities in a number of features”, in combination with a very distinctive geographical range of distribution. This combination of properties serves as important operational criteria or lines of evidence relevant to assessing the separation and divergence of lineages (
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD87B063B61B5F7C69DC8F7D6" author="De Queiroz, K." box="[957,1156,2056,2082]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" pagination="879 - 886" refId="ref6641" refString="De Queiroz, K. (2007) Species Concepts and Species delimitation. Systematic Biology 56: 879 - 886." type="journal article" year="2007">De Queiroz 2007</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED2436EED874063462B5FF509C2BFE40" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,1444]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
Field observations made on living plants, along with observations of herbarium specimens from the whole distribution range in 
<collectingCountry id="958C767ED87406346366FF0C98ACFF28" box="[366,480,194,220]" name="Argentina" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Argentina</collectingCountry>
, led us to find various differences in the laminae architecture as well as the rhizome and petiole scales and the spore morphology that allow distinguishing 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87406346179FF289D01FEF4" box="[881,1101,230,256]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponceana">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87406346179FF289D01FEF4" box="[881,1101,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Rumohra ponceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the widespread 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD8740634674BFF289853FED0" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1934" baseAuthorityName="G. Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1786" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adiantiformis">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD8740634674BFF289853FED0" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Rumohra adiantiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The lamina of 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD874063463C7FEC49BE6FED0" box="[463,682,266,292]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponceana">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD874063463C7FEC49BE6FED0" box="[463,682,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Rumohra ponceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is always erect, less divided than the specimens referred to 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD8740634674BFEC49853FEBC" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1934" baseAuthorityName="G. Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1786" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adiantiformis">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD8740634674BFEC49853FEBC" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Rumohra adiantiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(with the lamina often reflexed). The presence of conspicuous, capitate glandular hairs with exudate on the scale margins of rhizome and petiole distinguish 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD8740634611AFE9D9AEDFE98" box="[786,929,339,364]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponceana">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD8740634611AFE9D9AEDFE98" box="[786,929,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">R. ponceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Argentinian specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD8740634674BFE9C9853FE64" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1934" baseAuthorityName="G. Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1786" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adiantiformis">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD8740634674BFE9C9853FE64" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Rumohra adiantiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Also, the spores of 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD8740634600BFEB89B93FE64" box="[515,735,374,400]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponceana">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD8740634600BFEB89B93FE64" box="[515,735,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Rumohra ponceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are brown to dark brown in colour, larger and more ornamented than those of the Argentinian specimens referred to 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD874063460C4FE549A95FE40" box="[716,985,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD874063460C4FE549A99FE40" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1934" baseAuthorityName="G. Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1786" box="[716,981,410,436]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adiantiformis">Rumohra adiantiformis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
which are smaller and light brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED2436EED874063462B5FE71988AFBEC" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,1444]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
Because there are many synonyms of 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87406346066FE719A69FE2C" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1934" baseAuthorityName="G. Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1786" box="[622,805,446,472]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adiantiformis">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87406346066FE719A69FE2C" box="[622,805,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">R. adiantiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Neotropical region (
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD87406346652FE709C70FE2C" author="Sundue, M. A. &amp; Hirai, R. Y. &amp; Prado, J." box="[1114,1340,446,473]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" pagination="915 - 924" refId="ref7738" refString="Sundue, M. A., Hirai, R. Y. &amp; Prado, J. (2013) Rumohra glandulosissima (Dryopteridaceae) a new species from the Atlantic Rainforest, and revision of the species occurring in Brazil. Systematic Botany 38: 915 - 924." type="journal article" year="2013">
Sundue 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD874063466B0FE719DA7FE2C" box="[1208,1259,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
., 2013
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD87406346741FE71985AFE09" author="Ponce, M. M. &amp; Arana, M. D." pageId="8" pageNumber="35" pagination="165 - 166" refId="ref7472" refString="Ponce, M. M. &amp; Arana, M. D. (2016) Rumohra Raddi (Dryopteridaceae). In: Ponce, M. M. &amp; Arana, M. D. (coord.) Flora vascular de la Republica Argentina. Licofitas. Helechos. Gymnospermae. Vol. 2. pp. 165 - 166." type="journal article" year="2016">Ponce &amp; Arana, 2016</bibRefCitation>
), and perhaps one of them could be applied to the new species described here, we reviewed the synonyms within 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD874063462D1FDC998DDFDD4" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1934" baseAuthorityName="G. Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1786" box="[217,401,518,544]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adiantiformis">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD874063462D1FDC998DDFDD4" box="[217,401,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">R. adiantiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Neotropical Southern South America. 
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD87406346186FDC89D14FDD4" author="Cavanilles, A. J." box="[910,1112,518,544]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" refId="ref6105" refString="Cavanilles, A. J. (1802) Descripcion de las plantas que D. Antonio Josef Cavanilles demostro en las lecciones publicas del ano 1801 precedida de los principios elementales de la botanica. Imprenta Real, Madrid. [https: // archive. org / details / descripciondelas 1802 cava]" type="url" year="1802">Cavanilles (1802)</bibRefCitation>
described 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD874063466DEFDC99804FDB1" authority="Cav. (1802: 252)" authorityName="Cav." authorityPageNumber="252" authorityYear="1802" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Tectariaceae" genus="Tectaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calahuala">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD874063466DEFDC99CE7FDD4" box="[1238,1451,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Tectaria calahuala</emphasis>
Cav. (1802: 252)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD8740634638AFDE59A6AFDB1" authority="Cav. (1802: 252)" authorityName="Cav." authorityPageNumber="252" authorityYear="1802" box="[386,806,554,581]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Tectariaceae" genus="Tectaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferruginea">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD8740634638AFDE59B11FDB0" box="[386,605,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Tectaria ferruginea</emphasis>
Cav. (1802: 252)
</taxonomicName>
based on specimens from 
<collectingRegion id="2F5FF80CD87406346650FDE59DBCFDB0" box="[1112,1264,554,581]" country="Argentina" name="Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Buenos Aires</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="958C767ED87406346708FDE49C3FFDB1" box="[1280,1395,554,581]" name="Argentina" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Argentina</collectingCountry>
) and 
<collectingRegion id="2F5FF80CD87406346280FD809843FD9C" box="[136,271,590,616]" country="Uruguay" name="Montevideo" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Montevideo</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="958C767ED8740634632BFD8098C7FD9C" box="[291,395,590,616]" name="Uruguay" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
), respectively. Both type specimens, 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87406346136FD819D5AFD9C" box="[830,1046,590,616]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Tectariaceae" genus="Tectaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calahuala">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87406346136FD819D5AFD9C" box="[830,1046,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Tectaria calahuala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingRegion id="2F5FF80CD87406346621FD809D8BFD9C" box="[1065,1223,590,616]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Buenos Aires</collectingRegion>
, 1801, 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD8740634672AFD819CE7FD9C" box="[1314,1451,590,617]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">L. Née 621,</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="3220884CD87406346280FDBC99A6FD78" box="[136,234,626,652]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
MA 476410) and 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD874063463B5FDBD9BDBFD78" box="[445,663,626,652]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Tectariaceae" genus="Tectaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferruginea">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD874063463B5FDBD9BDBFD78" box="[445,663,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Tectaria ferruginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingRegion id="2F5FF80CD874063460AFFDBC9A7FFD78" box="[679,819,626,652]" country="Uruguay" name="Montevideo" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Montevideo</collectingRegion>
, 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87406346148FDBD9A8CFD78" box="[832,960,627,653]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">L. Née s.n.,</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="3220884CD874063461C1FDBC9D67FD78" box="[969,1067,626,652]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
MA 476421), were studied under stereoscopic microscope, and spore samples were analysed with LM and SEM. Morphologically and palynologically, these specimens fit with the concept of 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87406346036FD749A0FFD20" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1934" baseAuthorityName="G. Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1786" box="[574,835,698,724]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adiantiformis">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87406346036FD749A0FFD20" box="[574,835,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Rumohra adiantiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD87406346164FD749D1EFD20" author="Sundue, M. A. &amp; Hirai, R. Y. &amp; Prado, J." box="[876,1106,698,724]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" pagination="915 - 924" refId="ref7738" refString="Sundue, M. A., Hirai, R. Y. &amp; Prado, J. (2013) Rumohra glandulosissima (Dryopteridaceae) a new species from the Atlantic Rainforest, and revision of the species occurring in Brazil. Systematic Botany 38: 915 - 924." type="journal article" year="2013">
Sundue 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD874063461CEFD759AB2FD20" box="[966,1022,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
(2013)
</bibRefCitation>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD87406346654FD759C79FD20" author="Bauret, L. &amp; Rouhan, G. &amp; Hirai, R. Y. &amp; Perrie, L. &amp; Prado, J. &amp; Salino, A. &amp; Senterre, B. &amp; Shepherd, L. &amp; Sundue, M. &amp; Selosse, M. - A. &amp; Gaudeul, M." box="[1116,1333,698,725]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" pagination="463 - 481" refId="ref5912" refString="Bauret, L., Rouhan, G., Hirai, R. Y., Perrie, L., Prado, J., Salino, A., Senterre, B., Shepherd, L., Sundue, M., Selosse, M. - A. &amp; Gaudeul, M. (2017) Molecular data, based on an exhaustive species sampling of the fern genus Rumohra (Dryopteridaceae), reveal a biogeographical history mostly shaped by dispersal and several cryptic species in the widely distributed Rumohra adiantiformis. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 185: 463 - 481. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / BOTLINNEAN / BOX 072" type="journal article" year="2017">
Bauret 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD874063466A5FD759DA8FD20" box="[1197,1252,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
(2017)
</bibRefCitation>
found this morphological defined 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87406346382FD119B72FD0C" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1934" baseAuthorityName="G. Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1786" box="[394,574,734,760]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adiantiformis">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87406346382FD119B72FD0C" box="[394,574,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">R. adiantiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be most likely polyphyletic, but material from the Southern continental 
<collectingCountry id="958C767ED87406346767FD109CE0FD0C" box="[1391,1452,734,760]" name="Chile" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Chile</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="958C767ED874063462BFFCCC9865FCE8" box="[183,297,770,796]" name="Argentina" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Argentina</collectingCountry>
, including the 
<collectingCountry id="958C767ED874063463DBFCCC9B77FCE8" box="[467,571,770,796]" name="Falkland Islands" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Malvinas</collectingCountry>
(Falkland) Islands, together with the Juan-Fernandez endemic 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87406346701FCCD9CE8FCE8" authorityName="J. J. Rodriguez" authorityYear="1972" baseAuthorityName="Colla" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[1289,1444,770,796]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="berteroana">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87406346701FCCD9CE8FCE8" box="[1289,1444,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">R. berteroana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, forms a clade with Australian, 
<collectingCountry id="958C767ED874063463D0FCE99B20FCB4" box="[472,620,806,833]" name="New Zealand" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
and New Guinean material. These populations may be kept under the name 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87406346280FC859B66FC90" authority="(Bauret et al., 2017)" baseAuthorityName="Bauret" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[136,554,842,869]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adiantiformis">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87406346280FC859872FC90" box="[136,318,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">R. adiantiformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD87406346344FC849B6EFC90" author="Bauret, L. &amp; Rouhan, G. &amp; Hirai, R. Y. &amp; Perrie, L. &amp; Prado, J. &amp; Salino, A. &amp; Senterre, B. &amp; Shepherd, L. &amp; Sundue, M. &amp; Selosse, M. - A. &amp; Gaudeul, M." box="[332,546,842,869]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" pagination="463 - 481" refId="ref5912" refString="Bauret, L., Rouhan, G., Hirai, R. Y., Perrie, L., Prado, J., Salino, A., Senterre, B., Shepherd, L., Sundue, M., Selosse, M. - A. &amp; Gaudeul, M. (2017) Molecular data, based on an exhaustive species sampling of the fern genus Rumohra (Dryopteridaceae), reveal a biogeographical history mostly shaped by dispersal and several cryptic species in the widely distributed Rumohra adiantiformis. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 185: 463 - 481. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / BOTLINNEAN / BOX 072" type="journal article" year="2017">
Bauret 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87406346397FC859894FC90" box="[415,472,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
, 2017
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. To confirm this, further studies are currently underway, taking into account that these populations develop in a completely different biogeographical area, the Andean region (also known as Andean- Patagonian, Patagonian or Austral). This biogeographic region belongs to the Austral kingdom with relationships with south-eastern 
<collectingCountry id="958C767ED87406346353FC789889FC24" box="[347,453,950,976]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Australia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="2F5FF80CD874063463C7FC789B71FC24" box="[463,573,950,976]" country="Australia" name="Tasmania" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Tasmania</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="958C767ED87406346040FC799BADFC24" box="[584,737,950,977]" name="New Zealand" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
, New 
<collectingCountry id="958C767ED87406346120FC789A35FC24" box="[808,889,950,976]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Guinea</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="958C767ED874063461A7FC799D10FC24" box="[943,1116,950,977]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD87406346662FC789C5BFC24" author="Morrone, J. J." box="[1130,1303,950,976]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" refId="ref7268" refString="Morrone, J. J. (2018) Evolutionary biogeography of the Andean region. Boca Raton, CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group. https: // doi. org / 10.1201 / 9780429486081" type="book" year="2018">Morrone, 2018</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD87406346729FC789988FC00" author="Arana, M. D. &amp; Natale, E. &amp; Oggero, A. &amp; Ferreti, N. &amp; Romano, G. &amp; Martinez, G. &amp; Posadas, P. &amp; Morrone, J. J." pageId="8" pageNumber="35" refId="ref5711" refString="Arana, M. D., Natale, E., Oggero, A., Ferreti, N., Romano, G., Martinez, G., Posadas, P. &amp; Morrone, J. J. (2021) Esquema biogeografico de la Republica Argentina. Opera lilloana 56. Tucuman: Fundacion Miguel Lillo. [http: // www. lillo. org. ar / editorial / index. php / publicaciones / catalog / book / 253]" type="url" year="2021">
Arana 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87406346764FC799CD2FC24" box="[1388,1438,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
., 2021
</bibRefCitation>
). The Patagonian lineage (
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD874063463FBFC149B8BFC00" author="Bauret, L. &amp; Rouhan, G. &amp; Hirai, R. Y. &amp; Perrie, L. &amp; Prado, J. &amp; Salino, A. &amp; Senterre, B. &amp; Shepherd, L. &amp; Sundue, M. &amp; Selosse, M. - A. &amp; Gaudeul, M." box="[499,711,986,1012]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" pagination="463 - 481" refId="ref5912" refString="Bauret, L., Rouhan, G., Hirai, R. Y., Perrie, L., Prado, J., Salino, A., Senterre, B., Shepherd, L., Sundue, M., Selosse, M. - A. &amp; Gaudeul, M. (2017) Molecular data, based on an exhaustive species sampling of the fern genus Rumohra (Dryopteridaceae), reveal a biogeographical history mostly shaped by dispersal and several cryptic species in the widely distributed Rumohra adiantiformis. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 185: 463 - 481. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / BOTLINNEAN / BOX 072" type="journal article" year="2017">
Bauret 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87406346040FC159BCEFC00" box="[584,642,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
), together with 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87406346173FC159D7EFC00" box="[891,1074,986,1012]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adiantiformis">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87406346173FC159D7EFC00" box="[891,1074,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">R. adiantiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Australasia, show a typical circumantarctic distribution.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED2436EED874063462B5FBEC98B7FB38" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,1444]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD874063462B5FBEC98D4FBC8" box="[189,408,1058,1084]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponceana">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD874063462B5FBEC98D4FBC8" box="[189,408,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Rumohra ponceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a very restricted distribution area, growing in Southern 
<collectingRegion id="2F5FF80CD87406346621FBED9C6BFBC8" box="[1065,1319,1058,1085]" country="Argentina" name="Buenos Aires" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Buenos Aires Province</collectingRegion>
exclusively in the Tandilia and Ventania Mountain Systems, which have Chacoan biogeographic affinities (
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD874063466AAFB889C22FB94" author="Arana, M. D. &amp; Natale, E. &amp; Oggero, A. &amp; Ferreti, N. &amp; Romano, G. &amp; Martinez, G. &amp; Posadas, P. &amp; Morrone, J. J." box="[1186,1390,1094,1121]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" refId="ref5711" refString="Arana, M. D., Natale, E., Oggero, A., Ferreti, N., Romano, G., Martinez, G., Posadas, P. &amp; Morrone, J. J. (2021) Esquema biogeografico de la Republica Argentina. Opera lilloana 56. Tucuman: Fundacion Miguel Lillo. [http: // www. lillo. org. ar / editorial / index. php / publicaciones / catalog / book / 253]" type="url" year="2021">
Arana 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD874063466E6FB899C6AFB94" box="[1262,1318,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
, 2021
</bibRefCitation>
). The nearest populations of 
<taxonomicName id="2A9B4D6DD87406346383FBA49BDEFB70" box="[395,658,1130,1156]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Rumohra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adiantiformis">
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87406346383FBA49BDEFB70" box="[395,658,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Rumohra adiantiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grow in riparian environments of the Delta del 
<collectingRegion id="2F5FF80CD874063466BDFBA59C17FB70" box="[1205,1371,1130,1157]" country="Brazil" name="Parana" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Parana district</collectingRegion>
, which is located to the northeast and belongs to the Esteros del Iberá biogeographic province, with 
<collectingRegion id="2F5FF80CD874063466BEFB419C4EFB5D" box="[1206,1282,1167,1193]" country="Brazil" name="Parana" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Parana</collectingRegion>
biogeographic relationships (
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD8740634632EFB7C98A2FB38" author="Arana, M. D. &amp; Natale, E. &amp; Oggero, A. &amp; Ferreti, N. &amp; Romano, G. &amp; Martinez, G. &amp; Posadas, P. &amp; Morrone, J. J." box="[294,494,1202,1229]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" refId="ref5711" refString="Arana, M. D., Natale, E., Oggero, A., Ferreti, N., Romano, G., Martinez, G., Posadas, P. &amp; Morrone, J. J. (2021) Esquema biogeografico de la Republica Argentina. Opera lilloana 56. Tucuman: Fundacion Miguel Lillo. [http: // www. lillo. org. ar / editorial / index. php / publicaciones / catalog / book / 253]" type="url" year="2021">
Arana 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD8740634637BFB7D98E8FB38" box="[371,420,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
. 2021
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED2436EED874063462B5FB18999DFA50" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,1444]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
The Tandilia and Ventania Systems are considered as orographic islands (
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD874063461FCFB189DF6FB04" author="Crisci, J. V. &amp; Freire, S. &amp; Sancho, G. &amp; Katinas, L." box="[1012,1210,1238,1265]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" pagination="21 - 41" refId="ref6409" refString="Crisci, J. V., Freire, S., Sancho, G. &amp; Katinas, L. (2001) Historical biogeography of the Asteraceae from Tandilia and Ventania mountain ranges (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Caldasia 23: 21 - 41." type="journal article" year="2001">
Crisci 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87406346648FB199D3DFB04" box="[1088,1137,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
. 2001
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD874063466CEFB18998FFAE1" author="Kristensen, M. &amp; Frangi, J. L." pageId="8" pageNumber="35" pagination="25 - 34" refId="ref6918" refString="Kristensen, M. &amp; Frangi, J. L. (1995) La Sierra de la Ventana: una isla de biodiversidad. Ciencia Hoy 5 (30): 25 - 34." type="journal article" year="1995">Kristensen &amp; Frangi 1995</bibRefCitation>
), where the biodiversity is characterized by an elevated number of endemics of various lineages (
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD8740634674EFB3499A2FACC" author="Arana, M. D. &amp; Natale, E. &amp; Oggero, A. &amp; Ferreti, N. &amp; Romano, G. &amp; Martinez, G. &amp; Posadas, P. &amp; Morrone, J. J." pageId="8" pageNumber="35" refId="ref5711" refString="Arana, M. D., Natale, E., Oggero, A., Ferreti, N., Romano, G., Martinez, G., Posadas, P. &amp; Morrone, J. J. (2021) Esquema biogeografico de la Republica Argentina. Opera lilloana 56. Tucuman: Fundacion Miguel Lillo. [http: // www. lillo. org. ar / editorial / index. php / publicaciones / catalog / book / 253]" type="url" year="2021">
Arana 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD8740634679FFB3599D2FACC" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
., 2021
</bibRefCitation>
) with several threats (
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD874063463E7FAD09BAEFACC" author="Kacoliris, F. P. &amp; Berkunsky, I. &amp; Velasco, M. A. &amp; Cortelezzi, A." box="[495,738,1310,1337]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" refId="ref6834" refString="Kacoliris, F. P., Berkunsky, I., Velasco, M. A. &amp; Cortelezzi, A. (2013) Pastizales Serranos del Sistema de Tandilia. Tandil: Neotropical Grasslands Conservancy." type="book" year="2013">
Kacoliris 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87406346069FAD19BD9FACC" box="[609,661,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
): Invasive woody plant species are transforming the grassland and homogenizing the landscape; also, the overgrazing by livestock and the urbanization of the area accentuate the degradation, fragmentation and isolation of grassland remnants in the mountains (
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD8740634660FFAA89DABFA74" author="Marquez, M. I. &amp; Kristensen, M. J. &amp; Lavornia, J. M. &amp; Linares, S." box="[1031,1255,1382,1409]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" pagination="427 - 444" refId="ref7100" refString="Marquez, M. I., Kristensen, M. J., Lavornia, J. M. &amp; Linares, S. (2019) Evaluation of factors that affect the spatial distribution of alien shrubs to monitor their invasion in a Pampa protected landscape in Tandil, Argentina. Revista Brasileira de Gestao Ambiental e Sustentabilidade 6 (13): 427 - 444. https: // doi. org / 10.21438 / rbgas. 061312" type="journal article" year="2019">
Márquez 
<emphasis id="DFEFEAFCD87406346679FAA99DECFA74" box="[1137,1184,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="890A4B1FD874063466F9FAA89989FA50" author="Zalba, S. M. &amp; Villamil, C. B." pageId="8" pageNumber="35" pagination="55 - 72" refId="ref7906" refString="Zalba, S. M. &amp; Villamil, C. B. (2002) Woody plant invasion in relictual grasslands. Biological Invasions 4: 55 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / A: 1020532609792" type="journal article" year="2002">Zalba &amp; Villamil 2002</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>