treatments-xml/data/03/E3/8C/03E38C59FFB9FFE4FF00FE78FBC1FA9C.xml

<document ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.17.202" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c10a2aee-17da-4e8e-a26b-1edfc3a5d7e8" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163993736" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576493" ID-ZooBank="E52234CD-E65E-4F8F-95CD-04BDBDED9F39" checkinTime="1587982802838" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kihara, Terue &amp; Huys, Rony" docDate="2009" docId="03E38C59FFB9FFE4FF00FE78FBC1FA9C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2027.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 17 (17)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@1b4312d" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Ectinosomatidae Sars 1903" docType="key" docVersion="4" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="83" masterDocId="FFDAF421FFAEFFFEFF8CFFE5FF95FF9F" masterDocTitle="A new genus of Ectinosomatidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from sublittoral sediments in Ubatuba, São Paulo State, Brazil, including an updated key to genera and notes on Noodtiella Wells, 1965" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="57" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" updateTime="1635497694042" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
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<mods:title>A new genus of Ectinosomatidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from sublittoral sediments in Ubatuba, São Paulo State, Brazil, including an updated key to genera and notes on Noodtiella Wells, 1965</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kihara, Terue</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research (DZMB), Wilhelmshaven, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Huys, Rony</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="LSID">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, SW</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2009</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2009-08-05</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>17</mods:number>
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<mods:number>17</mods:number>
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<mods:start>57</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.17.202</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">c10a2aee-17da-4e8e-a26b-1edfc3a5d7e8</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576493</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">E52234CD-E65E-4F8F-95CD-04BDBDED9F39</mods:identifier>
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<subSection lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" type="key">
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="163993736" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E38C59FFB9FFE4FF00FE78FBC1FA9C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E38C59FFB9FFE4FF00FE78FBC1FA9C" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">
<subSubSection box="[140,594,413,439]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="23.[140,594,413,439]" box="[140,594,413,439]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">
<heading bold="true" box="[140,594,413,439]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" reason="1">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,594,413,439]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">
Key to the Genera of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1903" box="[394,594,413,439]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ectinosomatidae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="23.[140,1108,483,1671]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">
The genus 
<taxonomicName authority="Brady, 1910" authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1910" box="[261,515,483,509]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Tetanopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[261,370,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Tetanopsis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Brady GS" box="[377,515,483,509]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="497 - 594" refId="ref11764" refString="Brady GS (1910) Die marinen Copepoden der Deutschen Sudpolar Expedition 1901 - 1903. I. Ueber die Copepoden der Stamme Harpacticoida, Cyclopoida, Notodelphyoida und Caligoida. Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition 11 (= Zoologie 3): 497 - 594." type="journal article" year="1910">Brady, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus box="[529,579,483,509]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1910" box="[676,777,484,509]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Tetanopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="typicus">
<emphasis box="[676,777,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">T. typicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) is included in the key below based on its allegedly 1-segmented antennary exopod, however, it should be recognized that its status is currently doubtful (
<bibRefCitation author="Huys R &amp; Gee JM &amp; Moore CG &amp; Hamond R" box="[533,719,554,580]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 352" refId="ref12715" refString="Huys R, Gee JM, Moore CG, Hamond R (1996) Marine and brackish water harpacticoid copepods. Part 1. In: Barnes RSK, Crothers JH (Eds), Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series), 51: i-viii, 1 - 352. Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury." type="book chapter" year="1996">Huys et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Wells JBJ" box="[730,856,554,580]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 872" refId="ref14555" refString="Wells JBJ (2007) An annotated checklist and keys to the species of Copepoda Harpacticoida (Crustacea). Zootaxa 1568: 1 - 872." type="journal article" year="2007">Wells 2007</bibRefCitation>
) as well as the grounds for subsequently allocating 
<taxonomicName authority="Perkins, 1956" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="1956" box="[446,713,589,616]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Tetanopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medius">
<emphasis box="[446,550,589,615]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">T. medius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Perkins EJ" box="[556,713,589,616]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="497 - 504" refId="ref13852" refString="Perkins EJ (1956) Th e harpacticoid genus Tetanopsis Brady, with a description of Tetanopsis smithi, sp. n. and Tetanopsis medius, sp. n. Annals and Magazine of natural History (12) 9: 497 - 504." type="journal article" year="1956">Perkins, 1956</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authority="Perkins, 1956" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="1956" box="[724,981,589,616]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Tetanopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithi">
<emphasis box="[724,819,589,615]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">T. smithi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Perkins EJ" box="[826,981,589,616]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="497 - 504" refId="ref13852" refString="Perkins EJ (1956) Th e harpacticoid genus Tetanopsis Brady, with a description of Tetanopsis smithi, sp. n. and Tetanopsis medius, sp. n. Annals and Magazine of natural History (12) 9: 497 - 504." type="journal article" year="1956">Perkins, 1956</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authority="Chappuis, 1954 b" authorityName="Chappuis" authorityYear="1954" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Arenosetella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediterranea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Arenosetella mediterranea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Chappuis PA" box="[360,557,624,651]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="35 - 50" refId="ref12052" refString="Chappuis PA (1954 b) IV. Copepodes psammiques des plages du Roussillon. In: Chappuis PA, Delamare Deboutteville Cl. (avec la collaboration de Balazuc, J. &amp; Ruffo, S.) (Eds), Biospeologica LXXIV. Recherches sur les Crustaces souterrains (premiere serie). Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale 91: 35 - 50." type="journal article" year="1954">Chappuis, 1954b</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
to this genus (
<bibRefCitation author="Perkins EJ" box="[722,874,624,651]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="497 - 504" refId="ref13852" refString="Perkins EJ (1956) Th e harpacticoid genus Tetanopsis Brady, with a description of Tetanopsis smithi, sp. n. and Tetanopsis medius, sp. n. Annals and Magazine of natural History (12) 9: 497 - 504." type="journal article" year="1956">Perkins 1956</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Lang K" box="[886,1013,624,651]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 560" refId="ref13269" refString="Lang K (1965) Copepoda Harpacticoida from the Californian Pacific coast. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar (4) 10 (2): 1 - 560." type="journal article" year="1965">Lang 1965</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="23.[140,1108,483,1671]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">
The antennary exopod of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Nicholls" authorityYear="1945" box="[489,651,659,685]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Ectinosomoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[489,651,659,685]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Ectinosomoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was claimed to be entirely absent (
<bibRefCitation author="Nicholls AG" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="17 - 24" refId="ref13709" refString="Nicholls AG (1945) Marine Copepoda from Western Australia. IV. Psammophilous harpacticoids. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 29: 17 - 24." type="journal article" year="1945">Nicholls 1945</bibRefCitation>
) and this character was adopted by 
<bibRefCitation author="Wells JBJ" box="[680,887,694,721]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 872" refId="ref14555" refString="Wells JBJ (2007) An annotated checklist and keys to the species of Copepoda Harpacticoida (Crustacea). Zootaxa 1568: 1 - 872." type="journal article" year="2007">Wells (2007: 381)</bibRefCitation>
in his tabular keys. 
<bibRefCitation author="Huys R &amp; Gee JM &amp; Moore CG &amp; Hamond R" box="[140,411,729,756]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 352" refId="ref12715" refString="Huys R, Gee JM, Moore CG, Hamond R (1996) Marine and brackish water harpacticoid copepods. Part 1. In: Barnes RSK, Crothers JH (Eds), Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series), 51: i-viii, 1 - 352. Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury." type="book chapter" year="1996">Huys et al. (1996: 158)</bibRefCitation>
scored the exopod as 3-segmented in their dichotomous key and this condition has been confirmed by re-examination of the single female of 
<taxonomicName authority="Nicholls, 1945" authorityName="Nicholls" authorityYear="1945" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Ectinosomoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">E. longipes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Nicholls AG" box="[232,400,800,827]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="17 - 24" refId="ref13709" refString="Nicholls AG (1945) Marine Copepoda from Western Australia. IV. Psammophilous harpacticoids. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 29: 17 - 24." type="journal article" year="1945">Nicholls, 1945</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
found among the 
<typeStatus box="[612,660,801,827]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">type</typeStatus>
material of 
<taxonomicName authority="Nicholls, 1945" authorityName="Nicholls" authorityYear="1945" class="Maxillopoda" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Neoleptastacus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinicaudatus">
<emphasis box="[797,1108,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Neoleptastacus spinicaudatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Nicholls AG" box="[140,308,835,862]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="17 - 24" refId="ref13709" refString="Nicholls AG (1945) Marine Copepoda from Western Australia. IV. Psammophilous harpacticoids. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 29: 17 - 24." type="journal article" year="1945">Nicholls, 1945</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(cf. 
<bibRefCitation author="Sak S &amp; Huys R &amp; Karaytug S" box="[359,590,835,862]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="409 - 458" refId="ref13968" refString="Sak S, Huys R, Karaytug S (2008) Disentangling the subgeneric division of Arenopontia Kunz, 1937: resurrection of Psammoleptastacus Pennak, 1942, re-examination of Neoleptastacus spinicaudatus Nicholls, 1945, and proposal of two new genera and a new generic classification (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Arenopontiidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 152: 409 - 458." type="journal article" year="2008">Sak et al. 2008: 435</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="23.[140,1108,483,1671]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">
<bibRefCitation author="Nicholls AG" box="[185,368,870,897]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="379 - 405" refId="ref13675" refString="Nicholls AG (1935) Copepods from the interstitial fauna of a sandy beach. Journal of the marine biological Association of the United Kingdom, new series 20: 379 - 405." type="book chapter" year="1935">Nicholls (1935)</bibRefCitation>
established the genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="sensu McLachlan and Moore" authorityYear="1978" box="[633,760,870,896]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Hastigerella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[633,760,870,896]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Hastigerella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for a new species 
<taxonomicName authority="Nicholls, 1935" authorityName="Nicholls" authorityYear="1935" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Hastigerella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palpilabra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Hastigerella palpilabra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Nicholls AG" box="[262,434,905,932]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="379 - 405" refId="ref13675" refString="Nicholls AG (1935) Copepods from the interstitial fauna of a sandy beach. Journal of the marine biological Association of the United Kingdom, new series 20: 379 - 405." type="book chapter" year="1935">Nicholls, 1935</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
but 
<bibRefCitation author="McLachlan A &amp; Moore CG" box="[494,912,906,932]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="191 - 211" refId="ref13326" refString="McLachlan A, Moore CG (1978) Th ree new species of Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) from sandy beaches in Algoa Bay, South Africa, with keys to genera Arenosetella, Hastigerella, Leptastacus and Psammastacus. Annals of the South African Museum 76 (4): 191 - 211." type="journal article" year="1978">McLachlan and Moore (1978: 198)</bibRefCitation>
relegated it to a junior synonym of 
<taxonomicName authority="Klie, 1929" authorityName="Klie" authorityYear="1929" box="[353,721,941,967]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Ectinosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuissima">
<emphasis box="[353,596,942,967]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Ectinosoma tenuissima</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Klie W" box="[602,721,941,967]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="329 - 386" refId="ref12988" refString="Klie W (1929) Die Copepoda Harpacticoida der sudlichen und westlichen Ostsee mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der Sandfauna der Kieler Bucht. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Systematik 57: 329 - 386." type="journal article" year="1929">Klie, 1929</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and – based on their assertion that 
<bibRefCitation author="Nicholls AG" box="[140,318,976,1003]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="379 - 405" refId="ref13675" refString="Nicholls AG (1935) Copepods from the interstitial fauna of a sandy beach. Journal of the marine biological Association of the United Kingdom, new series 20: 379 - 405." type="book chapter" year="1935">Nicholls (1935)</bibRefCitation>
had overlooked the anal claws – transferred this species to 
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Wells and Rao" authorityYear="1987" box="[973,1100,976,1002]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Arenosetella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[973,1100,976,1002]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Arenosetella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. They retained 
<taxonomicName authorityName="sensu McLachlan and Moore" authorityYear="1978" box="[301,428,1011,1037]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Hastigerella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[301,428,1011,1037]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Hastigerella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a valid generic name and illegitimately designated 
<taxonomicName authority="Klie, 1929" authorityName="Klie" authorityYear="1929" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Ectinosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leptoderma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Ectinosoma leptoderma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Klie W" box="[329,449,1046,1073]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="329 - 386" refId="ref12988" refString="Klie W (1929) Die Copepoda Harpacticoida der sudlichen und westlichen Ostsee mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der Sandfauna der Kieler Bucht. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Systematik 57: 329 - 386." type="journal article" year="1929">Klie, 1929</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
as the new 
<typeStatus box="[583,631,1047,1073]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">type</typeStatus>
species (ICZN Art. 61.1.3). 
<bibRefCitation author="Huys R" box="[962,1107,1047,1073]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" refId="ref12659" refString="Huys R (2009) Unresolved cases of type fixation, synonymy and homonymy in harpacticoid copepod nomenclature (Crustacea: Copepoda). Zootaxa (in press)." type="book" year="2009">Huys (2009)</bibRefCitation>
pointed out that adopting 
<bibRefCitation author="McLachlan A &amp; Moore CG" box="[441,798,1082,1108]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="191 - 211" refId="ref13326" refString="McLachlan A, Moore CG (1978) Th ree new species of Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) from sandy beaches in Algoa Bay, South Africa, with keys to genera Arenosetella, Hastigerella, Leptastacus and Psammastacus. Annals of the South African Museum 76 (4): 191 - 211." type="journal article" year="1978">McLachlan and Moore’s (1978)</bibRefCitation>
synonymy of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Nicholls" authorityYear="1935" box="[960,1108,1082,1108]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Hastigerella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palpilabra">
<emphasis box="[960,1108,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">H. palpilabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
would render 
<taxonomicName authorityName="sensu McLachlan and Moore" authorityYear="1978" box="[298,425,1117,1143]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Hastigerella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[298,425,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Hastigerella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a junior subjective synonym of 
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Wells and Rao" authorityYear="1987" box="[788,915,1117,1143]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Arenosetella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[788,915,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Arenosetella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and therefore an invalid name. He proposed a new name, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Huys" authorityYear="2009" box="[604,740,1152,1178]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Glabrotelson" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[604,740,1152,1178]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Glabrotelson</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus box="[755,805,1152,1178]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName authority="Mielke, 1986" authorityName="Mielke" authorityYear="1986" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Hastigerella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mehuinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Hastigerella mehuinensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Mielke W" box="[218,373,1187,1214]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="73 - 86" refId="ref13514" refString="Mielke W (1986) Copepodos de la meiofauna de Chile, con description de dos nuevas especies. Revista Chilena de Historia natural 59: 73 - 86." type="journal article" year="1986">Mielke, 1986</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), for the orphaned taxonomic grouping equivalent to 
<taxonomicName authority="sensu McLachlan and Moore (1978)" authorityName="sensu McLachlan and Moore" authorityYear="1978" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Hastigerella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Hastigerella sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="McLachlan A &amp; Moore CG" box="[202,550,1222,1249]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="191 - 211" refId="ref13326" refString="McLachlan A, Moore CG (1978) Th ree new species of Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) from sandy beaches in Algoa Bay, South Africa, with keys to genera Arenosetella, Hastigerella, Leptastacus and Psammastacus. Annals of the South African Museum 76 (4): 191 - 211." type="journal article" year="1978">McLachlan and Moore (1978)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="23.[140,1108,483,1671]" lastBlockId="24.[140,1108,166,1179]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">
Seifried et al.’s (2007) course of action to upgrade the subgenus 
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Bradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Parabradya">
<emphasis box="[970,1048,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Bradya</emphasis>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Parabradya</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
to full generic rank appears premature since this leaves 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boeck" authorityYear="1873" box="[884,962,1293,1319]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Bradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[884,962,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Bradya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(now equivalent to its nominotypical subgenus) with only one questionable autapomorphy and hence a potentially paraphyletic status. Th e authors considered the maxillipedal endopod being fused to the basis at an angle as suffi cient evidence to warrant separate generic status for the nominotypical subgenus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boeck" authorityYear="1873" box="[734,812,1434,1460]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Bradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[734,812,1434,1460]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Bradya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, as the authors admitted themselves the fusion is not complete in some as yet undescribed 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boeck" authorityYear="1873" box="[1029,1107,1469,1495]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Bradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1029,1107,1469,1495]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Bradya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. Both 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boeck" authorityYear="1873" box="[295,373,1504,1530]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Bradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[295,373,1504,1530]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Bradya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1944" box="[429,555,1504,1530]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Parabradya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[429,555,1504,1530]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Parabradya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are retained here as valid genera but an in-depth study of all species accommodated in the former genus is required before the validity of this separation can be confirmed. 
<bibRefCitation author="Lang K" box="[576,723,1574,1601]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 55" refId="ref13209" refString="Lang K (1936) Die wahrend der schwedischen Expedition nach Spitzbergen 1898 und nach Gronland 1899 eingesammelten Harpacticiden. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar (3) 15 (4): 1 - 55." type="journal article" year="1936">Lang (1936)</bibRefCitation>
showed 5 setae on the exopodal lobe of the female P 
<quantity box="[380,427,1609,1636]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName authority="(Lang, 1936)" baseAuthorityName="Lang" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[436,839,1610,1637]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Parabradya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confluens">
<emphasis box="[436,671,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Parabradya confluens</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Lang K" box="[689,829,1610,1637]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 55" refId="ref13209" refString="Lang K (1936) Die wahrend der schwedischen Expedition nach Spitzbergen 1898 und nach Gronland 1899 eingesammelten Harpacticiden. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar (3) 15 (4): 1 - 55." type="journal article" year="1936">Lang, 1936</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Th is is a very unusual condition not found in any other extant member of the 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1903" box="[809,1002,1645,1671]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ectinosomatidae</taxonomicName>
(see also 
<bibRefCitation author="Seifried S &amp; Plum C &amp; Schulz M" box="[140,360,166,193]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref14247" refString="Seifried S, Plum C, Schulz M (2007) A new species of Parabradya Lang, 1944 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Ectinosomatidae) from the abyssal plain of the Angola Basin. Zootaxa 1432: 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="2007">Seifried et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
) and would require re-examination of the 
<typeStatus box="[852,902,167,193]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">type</typeStatus>
material before it can be used for identification.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="24.[140,1108,166,1179]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
As has been pointed out by 
<bibRefCitation author="Karanovic T &amp; Pesce GL" box="[498,814,237,263]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="281 - 292" refId="ref12946" refString="Karanovic T, Pesce GL (2001) A new genus and species of the family Ectinosomatidae (Crustacea: Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from the groundwaters of India. Annales de Limnologie 37 (4): 281 - 292." type="journal article" year="2001">Karanovic and Pesce (2001)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Vervoort W" box="[825,1067,237,263]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="393 - 470" refId="ref14385" refString="Vervoort W (1962) Report on some Copepoda collected during the Melanesia Expedition of the Osaka Museum of Natural History. Publications of the Seto marine biological Laboratory 10: 393 - 470." type="journal article" year="1962">Vervoort (1962: 399)</bibRefCitation>
explicitly fixed 
<taxonomicName authority="Boeck, 1873" authorityName="Boeck" authorityYear="1873" box="[287,624,272,298]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Ectinosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarsii">
<emphasis box="[287,473,273,298]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Ectinosoma sarsii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Boeck A" box="[480,624,272,298]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="35 - 60" refId="ref11688" refString="Boeck A (1873) Nye Slaegter og Arter af Saltvands-Copepoder. Forhandlinger i Videnskabsselskabet i Kristiania 1872: 35 - 60." type="journal article" year="1873">Boeck, 1873</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
as 
<typeStatus box="[660,708,273,299]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">type</typeStatus>
species of the subgenus 
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Ectinosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Halectinosoma">
<emphasis box="[984,1107,273,298]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Ectinosoma</emphasis>
(
<emphasis box="[149,308,307,333]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Halectinosoma</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
but 
<bibRefCitation author="Lang K" box="[373,563,307,334]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 560" refId="ref13269" refString="Lang K (1965) Copepoda Harpacticoida from the Californian Pacific coast. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar (4) 10 (2): 1 - 560." type="journal article" year="1965">Lang (1965: 11)</bibRefCitation>
, who upgraded 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vervoort" authorityYear="1962" box="[748,907,307,333]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Halectinosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[748,907,307,333]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Halectinosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to generic status, did not mention 
<bibRefCitation author="Vervoort W" box="[335,532,342,369]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="393 - 470" refId="ref14385" refString="Vervoort W (1962) Report on some Copepoda collected during the Melanesia Expedition of the Osaka Museum of Natural History. Publications of the Seto marine biological Laboratory 10: 393 - 470." type="journal article" year="1962">Vervoort’s (1962)</bibRefCitation>
designation. A comparison of the diagnoses of the two subgenera given in 
<bibRefCitation author="Lang K" box="[404,574,378,405]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" refId="ref13245" refString="Lang K (1944) Monographie der Harpacticiden (Vorlaufige Mitteilung). Almqvist &amp; Wiksells Boktryckeri Ab, Uppsala, 39 pp." type="book" year="1944">Lang (1944: 6)</bibRefCitation>
shows that 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vervoort" authorityYear="1962" box="[706,865,378,404]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Halectinosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[706,865,378,404]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Halectinosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boeck" authorityYear="1865" box="[140,263,414,439]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Ectinosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[140,263,414,439]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Ectinosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the basis of the setation of the exopod of leg 5. Th erefore, the generic name 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vervoort" authorityYear="1962" box="[211,370,448,474]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Halectinosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[211,370,448,474]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Halectinosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is available from 
<bibRefCitation author="Vervoort W" box="[575,764,448,475]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="393 - 470" refId="ref14385" refString="Vervoort W (1962) Report on some Copepoda collected during the Melanesia Expedition of the Osaka Museum of Natural History. Publications of the Seto marine biological Laboratory 10: 393 - 470." type="journal article" year="1962">Vervoort (1962)</bibRefCitation>
, who cited (p. 255) that page in 
<bibRefCitation author="Lang K" box="[170,311,483,510]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" refId="ref13245" refString="Lang K (1944) Monographie der Harpacticiden (Vorlaufige Mitteilung). Almqvist &amp; Wiksells Boktryckeri Ab, Uppsala, 39 pp." type="book" year="1944">Lang (1944)</bibRefCitation>
in this connection and designated a 
<typeStatus box="[727,775,484,510]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">type</typeStatus>
species (
<bibRefCitation author="Huys R" box="[874,1005,483,509]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="276 - 281" refId="ref12602" refString="Huys R (2008) Case 3470. Halectinosoma Vervoort, 1962 (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida): proposed conservation of usage by designation of Halectinosoma chrystalii Scott, 1894 as the type species and by giving it precedence over Pararenosetella Lang, 1944. Bulletin of zoological Nomenclature 65: 276 - 281." type="journal article" year="2008">Huys 2008</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Huys R" box="[1016,1079,483,509]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" refId="ref12659" refString="Huys R (2009) Unresolved cases of type fixation, synonymy and homonymy in harpacticoid copepod nomenclature (Crustacea: Copepoda). Zootaxa (in press)." type="book" year="2009">2009</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="24.[140,1108,166,1179]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
<bibRefCitation author="Wells JBJ &amp; Rao GC" box="[185,430,518,545]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 385" refId="ref14582" refString="Wells JBJ, Rao GC (1987) Littoral Harpacticoida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India 16 (4): 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="1987">Wells and Rao (1987)</bibRefCitation>
placed their new species 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wells &amp; Rao" authorityYear="1987" box="[711,985,518,544]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Halophytophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aberrans">
<emphasis box="[711,985,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Halophytophilus aberrans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with some diffidence in the genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brian" authorityYear="1919" box="[407,583,554,580]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Halophytophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[407,583,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Halophytophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because it showed significant differences with its congeners in the non-prehensile P1 endopod and the armature of the P2–P4 endopods, in addition to discrepancies in the accessory ornamentation of the swimming legs and abdomen, and in the P5 and the caudal rami. The authors believed that there was a case for proposing a new subgenus for this species while 
<bibRefCitation author="Huys R &amp; Gee JM &amp; Moore CG &amp; Hamond R" box="[848,1056,694,721]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 352" refId="ref12715" refString="Huys R, Gee JM, Moore CG, Hamond R (1996) Marine and brackish water harpacticoid copepods. Part 1. In: Barnes RSK, Crothers JH (Eds), Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series), 51: i-viii, 1 - 352. Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury." type="book chapter" year="1996">Huys et al. (1996)</bibRefCitation>
surmised that it may belong to a separate genus. 
<bibRefCitation author="Bodin P" box="[642,795,730,756]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 304" refId="ref11621" refString="Bodin P (1997) Catalogue of the new marine harpacticoid copepods (1997 edition). Documents de Travail, Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique 89: 1 - 304." type="journal article" year="1997">Bodin (1997)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation author="Wells JBJ" box="[849,994,730,756]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 872" refId="ref14555" refString="Wells JBJ (2007) An annotated checklist and keys to the species of Copepoda Harpacticoida (Crustacea). Zootaxa 1568: 1 - 872." type="journal article" year="2007">Wells (2007)</bibRefCitation>
placed 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wells &amp; Rao" authorityYear="1987" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Halophytophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aberrans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">H. aberrans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hicks &amp; Schriever" authorityYear="1985" box="[385,495,765,791]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Klieosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[385,495,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Klieosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
without giving any factual justification for this course of action. 
<bibRefCitation author="Gheerardyn H &amp; Seifried S &amp; Vanreusel A" box="[256,538,800,827]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref12378" refString="Gheerardyn H, Seifried S, Vanreusel A (2008) A new species of Halophytophilus Brian, 1919 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Ectinosomatidae) from cold-water corals in the Porcupine Seabight (NE Atlantic). Zootaxa 1761: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="2008">Gheerardyn et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
did not consider the species in their review of the genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brian" authorityYear="1919" box="[213,389,835,861]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Halophytophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[213,389,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Halophytophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It has now come to our attention that 
<bibRefCitation author="Wells JBJ &amp; Rao GC" box="[844,1107,835,861]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 385" refId="ref14582" refString="Wells JBJ, Rao GC (1987) Littoral Harpacticoida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India 16 (4): 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="1987">Wells and Rao’s (1987)</bibRefCitation>
setal formula of P4 contradicts their illustration. In their description the authors stated that P2–P4 exp-1 lacks an inner seta while their 
<figureCitation box="[706,796,906,932]" captionStart="Figures 27-37" captionStartId="16.[140,222,1462,1484]" captionTargetBox="[163,1085,165,1442]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[163,1085,165,1442]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figures 27-37. Chaulionyx paivacarvalhoi gen. et sp. n. Scanning electron micrographs (♀: 27-35; ♁: 36-37): 27 rostrum, dorsal 28 labrum, anterior 29 bifid outer spine on P1 enp-2 30 second abdominal somite (posterior margin), third abdominal somite, anal somite and caudal rami, dorsolateral 31 detail of serrate posterior margin of second abdominal somite 32 detail of posterior margin of third abdominal somite 33 posterior margin of anal somite 34 posterior margin of caudal ramus showing dorsal semicircular serrate extension 35 P5, anterior 36 prosomal ornamentation, dorsal 37 P1 endopod, anterior. Scale bars: 1 µm (34), 2.5 µm (33), 5 µm (28-29, 31-32, 35), 10 µm 27 (30, 37), 20 µm (36)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817635" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817635/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Fig. 28f</figureCitation>
clearly shows a well developed seta on this segment in leg 4. 
<bibRefCitation author="Huys R &amp; Gee JM &amp; Moore CG &amp; Hamond R" box="[534,738,941,968]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 352" refId="ref12715" refString="Huys R, Gee JM, Moore CG, Hamond R (1996) Marine and brackish water harpacticoid copepods. Part 1. In: Barnes RSK, Crothers JH (Eds), Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series), 51: i-viii, 1 - 352. Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury." type="book chapter" year="1996">Huys et al. (1996)</bibRefCitation>
constructed their generic key on the assumption that this seta was absent in all swimming legs and hence 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wells &amp; Rao" authorityYear="1987" box="[978,1107,976,1002]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Halophytophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aberrans">
<emphasis box="[978,1107,976,1002]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">H. aberrans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may have keyed out to the wrong couplet. Without any illustrations of the maxilla (although Wells and Rao did state that the mouthparts were as in 
<taxonomicName authority="Wells &amp; Rao, 1987" authorityName="Wells &amp; Rao" authorityYear="1987" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Halophytophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis box="[889,1007,1046,1072]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">H. simplex</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Wells JBJ &amp; Rao GC" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 385" refId="ref14582" refString="Wells JBJ, Rao GC (1987) Littoral Harpacticoida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India 16 (4): 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="1987">Wells &amp; Rao, 1987</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) and P2–P4 it is impossible to decide which genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wells &amp; Rao" authorityYear="1987" box="[852,981,1082,1108]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Halophytophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aberrans">
<emphasis box="[852,981,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">H. aberrans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to and, consequently, it is here considered 
<emphasis box="[590,805,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">species incertae sedis</emphasis>
in the 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1903" box="[886,1079,1117,1143]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ectinosomatidae</taxonomicName>
. A dichotomous key to the 21 valid genera in the 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1903" box="[667,855,1152,1178]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ectinosomatidae</taxonomicName>
is given below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" type="key">
<keyStep pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
<paragraph blockId="24.[140,1108,1222,1671]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
<keyLead pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
1 Body cylindrical with cephalothorax rectangular in dorsal aspect; body approximately the same width throughout its length ...................................... 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1092,1107,1257,1283]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">2</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="24.[140,1108,1222,1671]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
<keyLead pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
– Body fusiform with cephalothorax sub-triangular in dorsal aspect; greatest body width usually at posterior margin of cephalothorax; urosome gradually tapering towards the posterior end .............................................................. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1092,1107,1363,1389]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">8</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="24.[140,1108,1222,1671]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
<keyLead pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
– Body with dorsoventrally depressed prosome, clearly wider than urosome .... .......................................................... 
<taxonomicName authority="Medioni &amp; Soyer, 1968" authorityName="Medioni &amp; Soyer" authorityYear="1968" box="[678,1108,1433,1460]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Peltobradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[678,1108,1433,1460]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[678,821,1433,1460]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Peltobradya</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Medioni A &amp; Soyer J" box="[828,1108,1433,1460]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="317 - 343" refId="ref13382" refString="Medioni A, Soyer J (1968) Copepodes Harpacticoides de Banyuls-sur-Mer. 6. Nouvelles formes associees a des Bryozoaires. Vie et Milieu (A) 18: 317 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Médioni &amp; Soyer, 1968</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
<paragraph blockId="24.[140,1108,1222,1671]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
<keyLead pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
2 Antennary exopod 2-segmented; maxilla prehensile, with major articulation between elongate syncoxa and elongate allobasis ...... 
<taxonomicName authority="Wells, 1965" authorityName="Wells" authorityYear="1965" box="[837,1108,1503,1530]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Noodtiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[837,1108,1503,1530]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[837,961,1503,1530]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Noodtiella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Wells JBJ" box="[967,1108,1504,1530]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="30 - 35" refId="ref14489" refString="Wells JBJ (1965) Two new genera of harpacticoid copepods of the family Ectinosomidae. Revista de Biologia, Lisboa 5 (2 - 3): 30 - 35." type="journal article" year="1965">Wells, 1965</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="24.[140,1108,1222,1671]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
<keyLead pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
– Antennary exopod 1- or 3-segmented; maxilla not prehensile, with at most a slight angle between syncoxa and allobasis .................................................. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1092,1107,1574,1600]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">3</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
<paragraph blockId="24.[140,1108,1222,1671]" box="[140,1108,1609,1636]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
<keyLead box="[140,1108,1609,1636]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
3 Endopods P2–P4 2-segmented ................... 
<taxonomicName authority="Nicholls, 1945" authorityName="Nicholls" authorityYear="1945" box="[744,1108,1609,1636]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Ectinosomoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[744,1108,1609,1636]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[744,925,1609,1636]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Ectinosomoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Nicholls AG" box="[932,1108,1609,1635]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" pagination="17 - 24" refId="ref13709" refString="Nicholls AG (1945) Marine Copepoda from Western Australia. IV. Psammophilous harpacticoids. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 29: 17 - 24." type="journal article" year="1945">Nicholls, 1945</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="24.[140,1108,1222,1671]" box="[140,1107,1645,1671]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
<keyLead box="[140,1107,1645,1671]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
– Endopods P2–P4 3-segmented ................................................................... 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1092,1107,1645,1671]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">4</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
4 Anal somite with dorsal armature of claws, lappets or spiniform processes around anal opening; P5 exopod with 3 marginal and 1 surface seta............. ........................................................................... 
<taxonomicName authority="Wilson, 1932" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1932" box="[797,1107,236,263]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Arenosetella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[797,1107,236,263]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[797,940,236,263]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">Arenosetella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Wilson CB" box="[946,1107,237,263]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" pagination="1 - 635" refId="ref14619" refString="Wilson CB (1932) Th e copepods of the Woods Hole region, Massachusetts. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 158: 1 - 635." type="journal article" year="1932">Wilson, 1932</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" box="[140,1107,272,299]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead box="[140,1107,272,299]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
– Anal somite without such ornamentation ................................................... 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1092,1107,272,298]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">5</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" box="[140,1107,307,334]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead box="[140,1107,307,334]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
5 Antennary exopod 1-segmented.............................. 
<taxonomicName authority="Brady, 1910" authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1910" box="[832,1107,307,333]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Tetanopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[832,1107,307,333]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[832,955,307,333]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">Tetanopsis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Brady GS" box="[963,1107,307,333]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" pagination="497 - 594" refId="ref11764" refString="Brady GS (1910) Die marinen Copepoden der Deutschen Sudpolar Expedition 1901 - 1903. I. Ueber die Copepoden der Stamme Harpacticoida, Cyclopoida, Notodelphyoida und Caligoida. Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition 11 (= Zoologie 3): 497 - 594." type="journal article" year="1910">Brady, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" box="[140,1107,342,369]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead box="[140,1107,342,369]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
– Antennary exopod 3-segmented.................................................................. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1092,1107,342,368]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">6</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<specimenCount box="[140,326,378,404]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" type="female">6 Female</specimenCount>
P5 with foliaceous setae on exopod and baseoendopod, exopod with 3 marginal and no surface setae; male P5 exopod with 4 normal marginal setae............................................................................ 
<taxonomicName authority="Wells, 1967" authorityName="Wells" authorityYear="1967" box="[862,1107,447,474]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Oikopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[862,1107,447,474]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[862,961,447,474]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">Oikopus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Wells JBJ" box="[967,1107,448,474]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" pagination="189 - 358" refId="ref14521" refString="Wells JBJ (1967) Th e littoral Copepoda (Crustacea) of Inhaca Island, Mozambique. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 67 (7): 189 - 358." type="journal article" year="1967">Wells, 1967</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
– P5 with normal setae on exopod and baseoendopod in both sexes, exopod with 3 marginal and typically a surface seta [absent in 
<taxonomicName authority="Soyer, 1974" authorityName="Soyer" authorityYear="1974" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Hastigerella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="noodti">
<emphasis box="[900,1108,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">Hastigerella noodti</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Soyer J" box="[246,379,554,580]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" pagination="175 - 192" refId="ref14289" refString="Soyer J (1974) Contribution a l'etude des Copepodes Harpacticoides de Mediterranee occidentale. 9. Le genre Hastigerella Nicholls (Ectinosomidae Sars, Olofsson). Systematique, ecologie. Vie et Milieu (B) 24: 175 - 192." type="journal article" year="1974">Soyer, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
= 
<taxonomicName authority="(Bodin, 1976)" baseAuthorityName="Bodin" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[408,673,553,580]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Glabrotelson" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soyeri">
<emphasis box="[408,501,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">G. soyeri</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Bodin P" box="[517,664,553,580]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" refId="ref11590" refString="Bodin P (1976) Catalogue des nouveaux Copepodes Harpacticoides marins. Additif no. 3. Brest, Laboratoire d'Oceanographie Biologique, Universite de Bretagne occidentale, 45 pp." type="book" year="1976">Bodin, 1976</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
]................. 
<taxonomicName authority="Huys, 2009" authorityName="Huys" authorityYear="2009" box="[809,1107,553,580]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Glabrotelson" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,1107,553,580]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,962,553,580]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">Glabrotelson</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Huys R" box="[969,1107,553,580]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" refId="ref12659" refString="Huys R (2009) Unresolved cases of type fixation, synonymy and homonymy in harpacticoid copepod nomenclature (Crustacea: Copepoda). Zootaxa (in press)." type="book" year="2009">Huys, 2009</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" box="[140,1107,588,615]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead box="[140,1107,588,615]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
7 P1–P4 endopods 2-segmented ...................... 
<taxonomicName authority="Kunz, 1935" authorityName="Kunz" authorityYear="1935" box="[759,1107,588,615]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Pseudectinosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[759,1107,588,615]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[759,960,588,615]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">Pseudectinosoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Kunz H" box="[967,1107,589,615]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" pagination="84 - 132" refId="ref13124" refString="Kunz H (1935) Zur Oekologie der Copepoden Schleswig-Holsteins und der Kieler Bucht. Schriften der Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins fur Schleswig-Holstein 21: 84 - 132." type="journal article" year="1935">Kunz, 1935</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" box="[140,1107,624,651]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead box="[140,1107,624,651]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
– P1 endopod 2- or 3-segmented, P2–P4 endopods 3-segmented.................. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1092,1107,624,650]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">8</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" box="[140,1107,659,685]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead box="[140,1107,659,685]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
8 P1 endopod prehensile................................................................................ 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1092,1107,659,685]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">9</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" box="[140,1107,694,721]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead box="[140,1107,694,721]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
– P1 endopod not prehensile ....................................................................... 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1077,1107,694,720]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">12</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" box="[140,1107,729,756]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead box="[140,1107,729,756]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
9 P1 endopod 2-segmented ......................................................................... 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1077,1107,729,755]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">10</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" box="[140,1107,764,791]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead box="[140,1107,764,791]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
– P1 endopod 3-segmented ................... 
<taxonomicName authority="Hicks &amp; Schriever, 1985" authorityName="Hicks &amp; Schriever" authorityYear="1985" box="[685,1107,764,791]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Klieosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[685,1107,764,791]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[685,808,764,791]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">Klieosoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Hicks GRF &amp; Schriever G" box="[815,1107,765,791]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" pagination="100 - 101" refId="ref12558" refString="Hicks GRF, Schriever G (1985) Klieosoma nom. nov., a replacement name for Kliella Hicks &amp; Schriever, 1983 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Ectinosomatidae). Crustaceana 49 (notes and news): 100 - 101." type="journal article" year="1985">Hicks &amp; Schriever, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" box="[140,1107,800,827]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead box="[140,1107,800,827]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
10 P1–P2 exp-3 with 2 outer elements .......................................................... 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1077,1107,800,826]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">11</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" box="[140,1107,835,862]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead box="[140,1107,835,862]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
– P1–P2 exp-3 with 3 outer elements ............... 
<taxonomicName authority="Brian, 1919" authorityName="Brian" authorityYear="1919" box="[762,1107,835,862]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Halophytophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[762,1107,835,862]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[762,958,835,862]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">Halophytophilus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Brian A" box="[965,1107,835,861]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" pagination="71 - 78" refId="ref11853" refString="Brian A (1919) Descrizione di una nuova forma di Copepodo neritico della famiglia Ectinosomidae Sars, vivente tra le alghe del litorale di Quarto dei Mille. Atti della Societa ligustica di Scienze Naturali e Geografiche 29: 71 - 78." type="journal article" year="1919">Brian, 1919</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
11 Antennule with large spine on segment 2 (and often segments 1 and 3); antennary exopod rudimentary, with 1-3 small setae; P1 enp-2 with 4 elements (1-2 pinnate and claw-like) ................................. 
<taxonomicName authority="Brian, 1925" authorityName="Brian" authorityYear="1925" box="[802,1107,940,967]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Bradyellopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[802,1107,940,967]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[802,959,940,967]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">Bradyellopsis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Brian A" box="[965,1107,941,967]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" pagination="116 - 121" refId="ref11897" refString="Brian A (1925) Descrizione di un nuovo genere di Copepodo arpacticoide dell'Adriatico. Atti della Societa ligustica di Scienze Naturali e Geografiche n. ser. 4: 116 - 121." type="book chapter" year="1925">Brian, 1925</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
– Armature elements on antennulary segments 1-3 setiform; antennary exopod well developed and 3-segmented; P1 enp-2 with 6 elements (outer one bifid and claw-like) ................................................................ 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[882,1108,1046,1073]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicName authority="Kihara &amp; Huys, 2009" authorityName="Kihara &amp; Huys" authorityYear="2009" box="[882,1019,1046,1073]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Chaulionyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. n.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[882,1019,1046,1073]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">Chaulionyx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1027,1108,1047,1073]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
12 Maxilla prehensile, with syncoxa and allobasis forming right angle; P5 exopod poorly developed, short, fused to baseoendopod in female and distinct in male, with 3 marginal and no surface setae; body very small (&lt;
<quantity box="[956,1046,1152,1179]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" unit="mm" value="300.0">300 µm</quantity>
) ...... ................................................................... 
<taxonomicName authority="Giesbrecht, 1881" authorityName="Giesbrecht" authorityYear="1881" box="[742,1107,1187,1214]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Sigmatidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[742,1107,1187,1214]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[742,897,1187,1214]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">Sigmatidium</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Giesbrecht W" box="[904,1107,1187,1213]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" pagination="254 - 258" refId="ref12423" refString="Giesbrecht W (1881) Vorlaufige Mitteilung aus einer Arbeit uber die freilebenden Copepoden des Kieler Hafens. Zoologischer Anzeiger 4: 254 - 258." type="journal article" year="1881">Giesbrecht, 1881</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" box="[140,1107,1222,1249]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead box="[140,1107,1222,1249]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
– These characters not combined ................................................................. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1077,1107,1222,1248]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">13</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
13 P5 exopod and baseoendopod fused, forming a single plate in both sexes ..... ................................................................................................................. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1077,1107,1293,1319]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">14</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" box="[140,1107,1328,1355]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead box="[140,1107,1328,1355]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
– P5 exopod and baseoendopod at least partly discrete ................................ 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1077,1107,1328,1354]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">15</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
14 P1–P4 exp-3 with 5, 6, 6, 6 elements, respectively; male P6 unarmed; body of female small (&lt;
<quantity box="[454,546,1399,1425]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" unit="mm" value="400.0">400 µm</quantity>
); continental groundwater................................... ..................................................... 
<taxonomicName authority="Karanovic &amp; Pesce, 2001" authorityName="Karanovic &amp; Pesce" authorityYear="2001" box="[641,1108,1433,1460]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Rangabradya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[641,1108,1433,1460]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[641,801,1433,1460]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">Rangabradya</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Karanovic T &amp; Pesce GL" box="[808,1108,1433,1460]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" pagination="281 - 292" refId="ref12946" refString="Karanovic T, Pesce GL (2001) A new genus and species of the family Ectinosomatidae (Crustacea: Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from the groundwaters of India. Annales de Limnologie 37 (4): 281 - 292." type="journal article" year="2001">Karanovic &amp; Pesce, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
– P1–P4 exp-3 with 6, 7, 8, 8 elements, respectively; male P6 with 2 setae; body of female large (≥ 
<quantity box="[513,619,1504,1531]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" unit="mm" value="1200.0">1200 µm</quantity>
); marine, usually deepwater....................... .............................................................................. 
<taxonomicName authority="Lang, 1944" authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1944" box="[824,1108,1539,1566]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Parabradya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[824,1108,1539,1566]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[824,964,1539,1566]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">Parabradya</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Lang K" box="[972,1108,1539,1565]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" refId="ref13245" refString="Lang K (1944) Monographie der Harpacticiden (Vorlaufige Mitteilung). Almqvist &amp; Wiksells Boktryckeri Ab, Uppsala, 39 pp." type="book" year="1944">Lang, 1944</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<paragraph blockId="25.[140,1108,166,1636]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<keyLead pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
15 Integument of somites with distinctive subrectangular pores; P5 exopod with 4 marginal setae .................................................... 
<taxonomicName authority="Boeck, 1865" authorityName="Boeck" authorityYear="1865" box="[814,1108,1609,1636]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Ectinosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[814,1108,1609,1636]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[814,951,1609,1635]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="82">Ectinosoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Boeck A" box="[958,1108,1609,1636]" pageId="25" pageNumber="82" pagination="226 - 282" refId="ref11655" refString="Boeck A (1865) Oversigt over de ved Norges Kyster jagttagne Copepoder henhorende til Calanidernes, Cyclopidernes og Harpactidernes Familier. Forhandlinger i Videnskabsselskabet i Kristiania 1864: 226 - 282." type="journal article" year="1865">Boeck, 1865</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="26.[140,1109,166,1284]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
<keyLead pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
– Integument of somites without distinctive subrectangular pores; P5 exopod with 3 marginal setae and 1 seta on anterior surface.................................. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1077,1107,201,227]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">16</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
<paragraph blockId="26.[140,1109,166,1284]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
<keyLead pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
16 Mandible with rudimentary gnathobase, elongate basis and filiform rami, each terminating in 2-3 setae; antennary exopod without lateral spines......... ............................................................................ 
<taxonomicName authority="Sars, 1910" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1910" box="[811,1107,307,334]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Ectinosomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="26" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[811,1107,307,334]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[811,976,307,334]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">Ectinosomella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Sars GO" box="[983,1107,307,333]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83" pagination="337 - 368" refId="ref14137" refString="Sars GO (1910) Copepoda Harpacticoida. Parts XXIX &amp; XXX. Tachidiidae (concluded), Metidae, Balaenophilidae, supplement (part). An account of the Crustacea of Norway, with short descriptions and figures of all the species 5: 337 - 368 + pls. 225 - 230 + supplement pls. 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1910">Sars, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="26.[140,1109,166,1284]" box="[140,1107,342,369]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
<keyLead box="[140,1107,342,369]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
– These characters not combined ................................................................. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1077,1107,342,368]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">17</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
<paragraph blockId="26.[140,1109,166,1284]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
<keyLead pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
17 Third segment of female antennule 3 times as long as wide; mandibular endopod with one strong seta laterally; P1–P4 exp-3 with 2 outer spines; planktonic (occasionally in sediment)..... 
<taxonomicName authority="Brady &amp; Robertson, 1873" authorityName="Brady &amp; Robertson" authorityYear="1873" box="[647,1108,447,474]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Microsetella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="26" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[647,1108,447,474]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[647,791,447,474]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">Microsetella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Brady GS &amp; Robertson D" box="[798,1108,448,474]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83" pagination="126 - 142" refId="ref11808" refString="Brady GS, Robertson D (1873) Contributions to the study of the Entomostraca. No. VIII. On marine Copepoda taken in the west of Ireland. Annals and Magazine of natural History (4) 12: 126 - 142." type="journal article" year="1873">Brady &amp; Robertson, 1873</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="26.[140,1109,166,1284]" box="[140,1107,483,510]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
<keyLead box="[140,1107,483,510]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
– These characters not combined ................................................................. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1077,1107,483,509]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">18</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
<paragraph blockId="26.[140,1109,166,1284]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
<keyLead pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
18 Body comparatively robust with prosome-urosome separation usually distinct (exception: 
<taxonomicName authority="Seifried &amp; Martinez Arbizu, 2008" authorityName="Seifried &amp; Martinez Arbizu" authorityYear="2008" box="[446,1046,554,580]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Bradyellopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="26" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurtschminkei">
<emphasis box="[446,634,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">B. kurtschminkei</emphasis>
Seifried &amp; Martínez Arbizu, 2008
</taxonomicName>
with dorsoventrally flattened habitus); antenna with 2 setae on proximal exopod segment and 1 seta on proximal endopod segment; mandibular exopod with at least 5 setae; maxilliped robust with short endopod usually fused at an angle with basis and bearing 4 conspicuous setae ......... 
<taxonomicName authority="Boeck, 1973" authorityName="Boeck" authorityYear="1973" box="[864,1108,694,721]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Bradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="26" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[864,1108,694,721]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[864,951,694,721]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">Bradya</emphasis>
Boeck, 1973
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="26.[140,1109,166,1284]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
<keyLead pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
– Body comparatively slender with no sharp separation between prosome and urosome; antenna with less than 2 setae on proximal exopod segment (except 
<taxonomicName authority="Sars, 1920" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1920" box="[246,623,800,826]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Pseudobradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="26" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambigua">
<emphasis box="[246,496,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">Pseudobradya ambigua</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Sars GO" box="[504,623,800,826]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83" pagination="25 - 52" refId="ref14200" refString="Sars GO (1920) Copepoda Supplement. Parts III &amp; IV. Harpacticoida (continued). An account of the Crustacea of Norway, with short descriptions and figures of all the species 7: 25 - 52, pls. 17 - 32." type="journal article" year="1920">Sars, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
with 2) and no seta on proximal endopod segment; mandibular exopod generally with fewer than 5 setae; maxilliped usually slender and straight with discrete endopod bearing 1 small and 4 conspicuous setae...................................................................................... 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1077,1107,905,931]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">19</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
<paragraph blockId="26.[140,1109,166,1284]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
<keyLead pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
19 Antennule with or without dark pigment spot within the proximal three segments; maxilla prehensile, allobasis usually truncate distally and carrying 3-segmented endopod (although endopod sometimes very small and segmentation diffi cult to discern; reduced to a a narrow 3-segmented cylinder in 
<taxonomicName authority="Sars, 1920" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1920" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Pseudobradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="26" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leptognatha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">P. leptognatha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Sars GO" box="[378,499,1082,1108]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83" pagination="25 - 52" refId="ref14200" refString="Sars GO (1920) Copepoda Supplement. Parts III &amp; IV. Harpacticoida (continued). An account of the Crustacea of Norway, with short descriptions and figures of all the species 7: 25 - 52, pls. 17 - 32." type="journal article" year="1920">Sars, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
); maxilliped short and robust..................................... ............................................................................ 
<taxonomicName authority="Sars, 1904" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1904" box="[809,1108,1116,1143]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Pseudobradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="26" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,1108,1116,1143]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,976,1116,1143]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">Pseudobradya</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Sars GO" box="[983,1108,1117,1143]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83" pagination="29 - 56" refId="ref14088" refString="Sars GO (1904) Copepoda Harpacticoida. Parts III &amp; IV. Ectinosomidae, Harpacticidae (part). An account of the Crustacea of Norway, with short descriptions and figures of all the species 5: 29 - 56 + pls. 17 - 32." type="journal article" year="1904">Sars, 1904</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="26.[140,1109,166,1284]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
<keyLead pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
– Antennule without pigment spot; maxilla with at most a slight angle between syncoxa and allobasis, the latter generally attenuating distally, endopod 3-segmented but always small, its morphology not clearly discernible; maxilliped generally slender .......................................... 
<taxonomicName authority="Vervoort, 1962" authorityName="Vervoort" authorityYear="1962" box="[747,1108,1257,1284]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Halectinosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="26" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[747,1108,1257,1284]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[747,923,1257,1284]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="83">Halectinosoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Vervoort W" box="[929,1108,1257,1284]" pageId="26" pageNumber="83" pagination="393 - 470" refId="ref14385" refString="Vervoort W (1962) Report on some Copepoda collected during the Melanesia Expedition of the Osaka Museum of Natural History. Publications of the Seto marine biological Laboratory 10: 393 - 470." type="journal article" year="1962">Vervoort, 1962</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>