275 lines
32 KiB
XML
275 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="26A4DA9B84E06A4C0AFF3216AA97D535" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.191649" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0c6b20cf-dfa0-44bb-b15c-36450145d1d3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="191649" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461130366886" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zhang, Feng, Fu, Jian-Ying & Zhu, Ming-Sheng" docDate="2009" docId="03B3E139EF318C0EFF5FFE9DFE40A103" docLanguage="en" docName="Zhang, Fu,Zhen_2009.pdf.imd" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2298" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Sphingius sinensis Schenkel 1963" docType="treatment" docVersion="20" lastPageNumber="40" masterDocId="FF8A9941EF368C07FFC8FFC4FFB1A240" masterDocTitle="Spiders of the genus Sphingius (Araneae: Liocranidae) from China, with description of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="38" updateTime="1698597727738" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="07A8BBC9A80196F5B1AB20B781EB0128">Spiders of the genus Sphingius (Araneae: Liocranidae) from China, with description of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F9BB6A1839E83F1E8C5BDE28D988726A">Zhang, Feng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="83958919195848492C9D11BC505A85BF">Fu, Jian-Ying</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B79CA83BBD91C1F2FFDCE648D9A9204C">Zhu, Ming-Sheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="CB0E5BB9DA88EE41EF2B8F292AF3516C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="20F70AED177408ACCE485EE507269712">2009</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03B3E139EF318C0EFF5FFE9DFE40A103" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6219750" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119627062" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6219750" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B3E139EF318C0EFF5FFE9DFE40A103" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B3E139EF318C0EFF5FFE9DFE40A103" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">
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<subSubSection id="C30003A4EF318C00FF5FFE9DFE85A3DA" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA5502FEF318C00FF5FFE9DFDFDA332" blockId="7.[151,588,344,410]" box="[151,588,344,371]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">
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<heading id="D0EDE743EF318C00FF5FFE9DFDFDA332" bold="true" box="[151,588,344,371]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF318C00FF5FFE9DFDFDA332" ID-CoL="4YZJ7" authority="(Schenkel, 1963)" authorityName="Schenkel" authorityYear="1963" baseAuthorityName="Schenkel" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[151,588,344,371]" class="Arachnida" family="Liocranidae" genus="Sphingius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
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<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF318C00FF5FFE9DFDFDA332" bold="true" box="[151,588,344,371]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">
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<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF318C00FF5FFE9DFEC9A333" bold="true" box="[151,376,345,371]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Sphingius sinensis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B2DDEEF318C00FE40FE9CFDF5A332" author="Schenkel" box="[392,580,344,370]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" refString="Schenkel, E. (1963) Ostasiatische Spinnen aus dem Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Serie A, Zoologie (Paris), 25, 1 - 481." type="journal article" year="1963">Schenkel, 1963</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA5502FEF318C00FF5FFE44FE85A3DA" blockId="7.[151,588,344,410]" box="[151,308,384,410]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13214CAAEF318C00FF57FE44FE9DA3DA" box="[159,300,384,410]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 20" captionStartId="8.[151,272,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[232,1353,189,1794]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[226,1360,183,1809]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 20. Sphingius sinensis (Schenkel, 1963). 13. Female body, dorsal view. 14. Female abdomen, ventral view. 15. Endites, labium and sternum of female, ventral view. 16. Female left leg III, lateral view. 17. Eye region of male, dorsal view. 18. Epigyne, ventral view. 19. Vulva, dorsal view. 20. Vulva, dorsal view (another specimen). acb = apical combing brush; b = bursa; h = hood; is = intercoxal sclerites; pt = precoxal triangles; s = spermatheca; tdm = triangular dark marking; tg = thoracic groove. Scale bars: 1 mm (13 – 16); 0.5 mm (17 – 20)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191652/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Figs. 13–20</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30003A4EF318C00FF5FFE09FCE9A044" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA5502FEF318C00FF5FFE09FCE9A044" blockId="7.[151,1436,461,516]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0A7701EF318C00FF5FFE09FCE9A044" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF318C00FF5FFE09FDC6A3A4" authority="Schenkel, 1963: 49" authorityName="Schenkel" authorityPageNumber="49" authorityYear="1963" box="[151,631,461,484]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Scotophaeoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
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<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF318C00FF5FFE09FE2AA3A4" box="[151,411,461,484]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Scotophaeoides sinensis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABB763EEF318C00FE6CFE09FDC6A3A4" author="Schenkel" box="[420,631,461,484]" page="49" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" year="1963">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B2DDEEF318C00FE6CFE09FDFFA3A4" author="Schenkel" box="[420,590,461,484]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" refString="Schenkel, E. (1963) Ostasiatische Spinnen aus dem Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Serie A, Zoologie (Paris), 25, 1 - 481." type="journal article" year="1963">Schenkel, 1963</bibRefCitation>
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: 49
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, f. 24;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABB763EEF318C00FD0FFE09FBA6A3A4" author="Song" box="[711,1047,461,484]" page="454" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" year="1999">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B2DDEEF318C00FD0FFE09FC51A3A4" author="Song" box="[711,992,461,484]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" refString="Song, D. X., Zhu, M. S. & Chen, J. (1999) The Spiders of China. Hebei Science & Technology Publishing House, Shijiazhuang, 640 pp." type="book" year="1999">Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999</bibRefCitation>
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: 454
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABB763EEF318C00FBECFE09FACEA3A4" author="Song" box="[1060,1407,461,484]" page="209" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" year="2004">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B2DDEEF318C00FBECFE09FAF9A3A4" author="Song" box="[1060,1352,461,484]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" refString="Song, D. X., Zhu, M. S. & Zhang, F. (2004) Fauna Sinica: Invertebrata Vol. 39: Arachnida: Araneae: Gnaphosidae. Science Press, Beijing, ix + 362 pp." type="book" year="2004">Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004</bibRefCitation>
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: 209
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</treatmentCitation>
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, f. 124A–C;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABB763EEF318C00FEE7FE29FE4FA044" author="Murphy" box="[303,510,493,516]" page="589" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" year="2007">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B2DDEEF318C00FEE7FE29FE7BA044" author="Murphy" box="[303,458,493,516]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" refString="Murphy, J. (2007) Gnaphosid genera of the world. British Arachnological Society, St Neots, Cambridgeshire, 1: i - xii, 1 - 92; 2: i - 11, 93 - 605." type="journal article" year="2007">Murphy, 2007</bibRefCitation>
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: 589
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</treatmentCitation>
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, f. 596–597.
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<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF318C00FD42FE28FCE0A044" bold="true" box="[650,849,492,516]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">New combination</emphasis>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30003A4EF318C00FF5FFDF7FB1EA4F8" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BA5502FEF318C00FF5FFDF7FBEBA082" blockId="7.[151,1437,563,1131]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">
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<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF318C00FF5FFDF7FEAAA00D" bold="true" box="[151,283,563,589]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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This species is similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF318C00FD94FDF0FBD7A00E" authority="Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001" authorityName="Deeleman-Reinhold" authorityYear="2001" box="[604,1126,564,590]" class="Arachnida" family="Liocranidae" genus="Sphingius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="songi">
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<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF318C00FD94FDF0FCAFA00D" box="[604,798,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Sphingius songi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B2DDEEF318C00FCEEFDF0FBD7A00E" author="Deeleman-Reinhold" box="[806,1126,564,590]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" refString="Deeleman-Reinhold, C. L. (2001) Forest spiders of South East Asia: with a revision of the sac and ground spiders (Araneae: Clubionidae, Corinnidae, Liocranidae, Gnaphosidae, Prodidomidae and Trochanterriidae). Brill, Leiden, 591 pp." type="book" year="2001">Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(cf.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B2DDEEF318C00FB69FDF0FF64A034" author="Deeleman-Reinhold" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" refString="Deeleman-Reinhold, C. L. (2001) Forest spiders of South East Asia: with a revision of the sac and ground spiders (Araneae: Clubionidae, Corinnidae, Liocranidae, Gnaphosidae, Prodidomidae and Trochanterriidae). Brill, Leiden, 591 pp." type="book" year="2001">Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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, 499, figs. 855–856), both of them with smooth female carapace, globose spermatheca and oval bursa, but can be distinguished from the latter by having copulatory openings with smaller opening radius, epigyne with two small anterior hoods, and by the shape and length of the copulatory duct.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA5502FEF318C00FF0DFD0AFC00A62B" blockId="7.[151,1437,563,1131]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">
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<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF318C00FF0DFD0AFE32A0A8" bold="true" box="[197,387,718,744]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Redescription.</emphasis>
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Female (from Guangxi). Body length 3.22–3.98. One specimen was measured, total length 3.84: carapace 1.76 long, 1.44 wide; abdomen 2.07 long, 1.40 wide. Carapace nearly ovoid in dorsal view, light brown, surface smooth, without granulations on margin. Thoracic groove line-shaped, somewhat reduced, fronted by a dark triangular mark. Eyes in two transverse rows; AER slightly recurved, PER straight in dorsal view (
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<figureCitation id="13214CAAEF318C00FE9FFCADFE02A1C3" box="[343,435,873,899]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 20" captionStartId="8.[151,272,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[232,1353,189,1794]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[226,1360,183,1809]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 20. Sphingius sinensis (Schenkel, 1963). 13. Female body, dorsal view. 14. Female abdomen, ventral view. 15. Endites, labium and sternum of female, ventral view. 16. Female left leg III, lateral view. 17. Eye region of male, dorsal view. 18. Epigyne, ventral view. 19. Vulva, dorsal view. 20. Vulva, dorsal view (another specimen). acb = apical combing brush; b = bursa; h = hood; is = intercoxal sclerites; pt = precoxal triangles; s = spermatheca; tdm = triangular dark marking; tg = thoracic groove. Scale bars: 1 mm (13 – 16); 0.5 mm (17 – 20)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191652/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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). Eye diameters: AME 0.08, ALE 0.09, PME 0.10, PLE 0.09. Eye interdistances: AME–AME 0.10, AME–ALE 0.10, PME–PME 0.13, PME–PLE 0.10; MOA 0.20 long, front width 0.23, back width 0.32. Chelicerae with three promarginal and two retromarginal teeth. Endites, labium and sternum light brown. Sternum shield-shaped, without granulations on surface, lateral margin with precoxal triangles and intercoxal sclerites. Space above the coxae and below the carapace with longitudinal, sclerotized pleural bars. Leg spination: femora I-IV with one small dorsal spine, tibia III
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<date id="FFA476EFEF318C00FC13FBEEFBA9A604" box="[987,1048,1066,1092]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">v2-2</date>
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-1, p0-1-0; metatarsus III v0-2-0; tibia IV
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<date id="FFA476EFEF318C00FF30FB95FE9AA62B" box="[248,299,1105,1131]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">v1-1</date>
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-2, metatarsus IV
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<date id="FFA476EFEF318C00FDC8FB95FD85A62B" box="[512,564,1105,1131]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">v1-1</date>
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-0. Leg formula: 4123 (
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<tableCitation id="C6986594EF318C00FC8FFB95FC10A62B" box="[839,929,1105,1131]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,239,1182,1206]" captionText="TABLE 3. Leg measurements of Sphingius sinensis (Schenkel, 1963), female" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Table 3</tableCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF6500A7EF318C00FF5FFB5AFC65A6F5" box="[151,980,1182,1206]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">
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<paragraph id="8BA5502FEF318C00FF5FFB5AFC65A6F5" blockId="7.[151,1322,1182,1427]" box="[151,980,1182,1206]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">
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TABLE 3. Leg measurements of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF318C00FE34FB5AFC31A6F5" authority="(Schenkel, 1963)" authorityName="Schenkel" authorityYear="1963" baseAuthorityName="Schenkel" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[508,896,1182,1205]" class="Arachnida" family="Liocranidae" genus="Sphingius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
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<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF318C00FE34FB5AFD70A6F5" box="[508,705,1182,1205]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Sphingius sinensis</emphasis>
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(Schenkel, 1963)
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</taxonomicName>
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, female
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BA5502FEF318C00FEFBFB15FB01A45E" blockId="7.[151,1322,1182,1427]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,1501,1952]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total I 1.48 0.58 0.99 0.85 0.81 4.71 II 1.13 0.58 0.72 0.76 0.72 3.91 III 0.81 0.49 0.59 0.58 0.56 3.03 IV 1.58 0.63 0.99 1.49 0.95 5.64 Abdomen lacking dorsal or ventral scuta, dorsum dark gray, and with two pairs of muscular impressions; venter with two rows of longitudinal line segments, spinnerets at the end of the abdomen.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA5502FEF318C00FF0DF9EEFB1EA4F8" blockId="7.[151,1437,1501,1952]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">
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Epigyne as illustrated (
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<figureCitation id="13214CAAEF318C00FE1AF9EEFDD0A404" box="[466,609,1578,1604]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 20" captionStartId="8.[151,272,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[232,1353,189,1794]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[226,1360,183,1809]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 20. Sphingius sinensis (Schenkel, 1963). 13. Female body, dorsal view. 14. Female abdomen, ventral view. 15. Endites, labium and sternum of female, ventral view. 16. Female left leg III, lateral view. 17. Eye region of male, dorsal view. 18. Epigyne, ventral view. 19. Vulva, dorsal view. 20. Vulva, dorsal view (another specimen). acb = apical combing brush; b = bursa; h = hood; is = intercoxal sclerites; pt = precoxal triangles; s = spermatheca; tdm = triangular dark marking; tg = thoracic groove. Scale bars: 1 mm (13 – 16); 0.5 mm (17 – 20)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191652/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Figs. 18–20</figureCitation>
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). Epigynal plate with two small atrial hoods and indistinct impressions anteriorly. Copulatory openings concave, expanded to funnel-shaped ducts connecting the bursae and spermathecae. Bursae, small, nearly globose, situated beneath but ectal to the copulatory openings; spermathecae posterior, large, globose to kidney-shaped, copulatory ducts thick and long.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30003A4EF318C00FF0DF901FD7BA49F" box="[197,714,1733,1759]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" type="distribution">
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||
<paragraph id="8BA5502FEF318C00FF0DF901FD7BA49F" blockId="7.[151,1437,1501,1952]" box="[197,714,1733,1759]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">
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<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF318C00FF0DF901FED4A49F" bold="true" box="[197,357,1733,1759]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F30D10BFEF318C00FEA4F901FE03A49F" box="[364,434,1733,1759]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">China</collectingCountry>
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(Guangxi, Guangdong)
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5502FEF318C00FF0DF92FFEE3A513" blockId="7.[151,1437,1501,1952]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">
|
||
Type material.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A1EE8DEF318C00FE4CF928FE40A546" box="[388,497,1772,1798]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female, collected from Canton (now known as Guangdong),
|
||
<date id="FFA476EFEF318C00FB01F928FA29A546" box="[1225,1432,1772,1798]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" value="1925-01-12">January 12, 1925</date>
|
||
, deposited in the National Museum of Natural History in Paris, examined and re-illustrated in detail by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B2DDEEF318C00FF5FF8FDFEFEA513" author="Murphy" box="[151,335,1849,1875]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" refString="Murphy, J. (2007) Gnaphosid genera of the world. British Arachnological Society, St Neots, Cambridgeshire, 1: i - xii, 1 - 92; 2: i - 11, 93 - 605." type="journal article" year="2007">Murphy (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5502FEF318C00FF0DF89BFC52A5E0" blockId="7.[151,1437,1501,1952]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B725A72EF318C00FF0DF89BFE76A5E0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1503125492" collectingDate="1989-07" collectionCode="MHBU" collectorName="Y. Q. Zhang" country="China" location="Nanning City" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Guangxi Zhuang">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF318C00FF0DF89BFE08A539" bold="true" box="[197,441,1887,1913]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D10BFEF318C00FE09F8A4FD92A53A" box="[449,547,1888,1914]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">CHINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning City, 1♀,
|
||
<date id="FFA476EFEF318C00FB15F8A4FAE3A53A" box="[1245,1362,1888,1914]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" value="1989-07">July 1989</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D10BFEF318C00FA97F8A4FAC5A53A" box="[1375,1396,1888,1914]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Q. Zhang leg.; Nanning City,
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B725A72EF318C00FE07F842FC6EA5E0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1503125489" box="[463,991,1926,1952]" collectingDate="1982-08" collectionCode="MHBU" collectorName="Y. Q. Zhang" country="China" location="Nanning City" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Guangxi Zhuang">
|
||
3♀,
|
||
<date id="FFA476EFEF318C00FDCAF842FD2AA5E0" box="[514,667,1926,1952]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" value="1982-08">August 1982</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D10BFEF318C00FD6FF842FD0DA5E0" box="[679,700,1926,1952]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Q. Zhang leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0BC8EAEF318C00FCB0F842FC66A5E0" box="[888,983,1926,1952]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">MHBU</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6500A7EF3E8C0FFF5FF8EEFBE7A58C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191652/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" targetBox="[232,1353,189,1794]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5502FEF3E8C0FFF5FF8EEFBE7A58C" blockId="8.[151,1437,1834,1996]" pageId="8" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF3E8C0FFF5FF8EEFED2A502" bold="true" box="[151,355,1834,1858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="39">FIGURES 13–20.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF3E8C0FFEA2F8EEFD4DA501" authority="(Schenkel, 1963)" authorityName="Schenkel" authorityYear="1963" baseAuthorityName="Schenkel" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[362,764,1834,1857]" class="Arachnida" family="Liocranidae" genus="Sphingius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF3E8C0FFEA2F8EEFD84A501" box="[362,565,1834,1857]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="39">Sphingius sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Schenkel, 1963)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 13. Female body, dorsal view. 14. Female abdomen, ventral view. 15. Endites, labium and sternum of female, ventral view. 16. Female left leg III, lateral view. 17. Eye region of male, dorsal view. 18. Epigyne, ventral view. 19.Vulva, dorsal view. 20. Vulva, dorsal view (another specimen). acb= apical combing brush; b= bursa; h= hood; is= intercoxal sclerites; pt= precoxal triangles; s= spermatheca; tdm= triangular dark marking; tg= thoracic groove. Scale bars: 1 mm (13–16); 0.5 mm (17–20).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30003A4EF3F8C0EFF0DFF53FE40A103" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5502FEF3F8C0EFF0DFF53FCB3A3A7" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,835]" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF3F8C0EFF0DFF53FEF0A2F1" bold="true" box="[197,321,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF3F8C0EFE18FF5CFD3CA2F1" box="[464,653,152,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Scotophaeoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF3F8C0EFE18FF5CFD3CA2F1" box="[464,653,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Scotophaeoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was established by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B2DDEEF3F8C0EFC4BFF5CFBFBA2F2" author="Schenkel" box="[899,1098,152,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" refString="Schenkel, E. (1963) Ostasiatische Spinnen aus dem Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Serie A, Zoologie (Paris), 25, 1 - 481." type="journal article" year="1963">Schenkel (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and for more than 40 years remained monotypic, and only known from a single female, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A1EE8DEF3F8C0EFC05FF7AFB8DA298" box="[973,1084,190,216]" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF3F8C0EFBA0FF7BFEE3A2BF" authority="Schenkel, 1963" authorityName="Schenkel" authorityYear="1963" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Scotophaeoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF3F8C0EFBA0FF7BFA2CA298" box="[1128,1437,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Scotophaeoides sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B2DDEEF3F8C0EFF5FFF21FEE3A2BF" author="Schenkel" box="[151,338,229,255]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" refString="Schenkel, E. (1963) Ostasiatische Spinnen aus dem Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Serie A, Zoologie (Paris), 25, 1 - 481." type="journal article" year="1963">Schenkel, 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, collected from Canton. In 1986, Prof. Da-Xiang Song examined Schenkel’s
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A1EE8DEF3F8C0EFB38FF21FA92A2BF" box="[1264,1315,229,255]" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen deposited in the National Museum of Natural History in Paris, and illustrated the eye region and chelicerae, but limited by various conditions, he maintained it in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF3F8C0EFCEAFEF6FC72A30C" box="[802,963,306,332]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gnaphosidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B2DDEEF3F8C0EFC07FEF6FB1BA30C" box="[975,1194,306,332]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" refString="Song, D. X., Zhu, M. S. & Zhang, F. (2004) Fauna Sinica: Invertebrata Vol. 39: Arachnida: Araneae: Gnaphosidae. Science Press, Beijing, ix + 362 pp." type="book">
|
||
Song
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF3F8C0EFBDDFEF6FBE3A30B" box="[1045,1106,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2004)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
later mentioned the species, but only referred to the original description. However, in his original sketches (kept in Hebei University), there is an anterior view of the chelicerae, which indicates that this species is similar to some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF3F8C0EFF5FFE62FEAFA380" box="[151,286,422,448]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Corinnidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Murphy examined the single
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A1EE8DEF3F8C0EFD40FE62FD0AA380" box="[648,699,422,448]" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen, and stated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF3F8C0EFC3FFE63FBC2A380" box="[1015,1139,423,448]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Scotophaeoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF3F8C0EFC3FFE63FBC2A380" box="[1015,1139,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">S. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not a gnaphosid but possibly a Castianeirine,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF3F8C0EFE75FE09FD4FA3A7" authority="Murphy 2007" authorityName="Murphy" authorityYear="2007" box="[445,766,461,487]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
|
||
Corinnidae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B2DDEEF3F8C0EFD87FE09FD44A3A7" author="Murphy" box="[591,757,461,487]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" refString="Murphy, J. (2007) Gnaphosid genera of the world. British Arachnological Society, St Neots, Cambridgeshire, 1: i - xii, 1 - 92; 2: i - 11, 93 - 605." type="journal article" year="2007">Murphy 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5502FEF3F8C0EFF0DFE30FB58A01B" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,835]" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF3F8C0EFE09FE30FD84A04D" box="[449,565,500,525]" class="Arachnida" family="Liocranidae" genus="Sphingius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF3F8C0EFE09FE30FD84A04D" box="[449,565,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Sphingius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resemble, to some extent,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF3F8C0EFCBCFE30FB38A04E" authority="Keyserling" authorityName="Keyserling" box="[884,1161,500,526]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Castianeira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF3F8C0EFCBCFE30FC4EA04D" box="[884,1023,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Castianeira</emphasis>
|
||
Keyserling
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in general appearance. For example, both mimic ants, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF3F8C0EFDFEFDDEFD1BA073" box="[566,682,538,563]" class="Arachnida" family="Liocranidae" genus="Sphingius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF3F8C0EFDFEFDDEFD1BA073" box="[566,682,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Sphingius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the latter by the male palp with median apophysis, embolus and conductor, while in the latter the male palp has only one outgrowth, the embolus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5502FEF3F8C0EFF0DFDACFE40A103" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,835]" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">
|
||
While examining the spider specimens collected from Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, by Prof. Yongqiang Zhang, we found four female specimens (see above), whose genital organs were identical to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF3F8C0EFE5BFD71FDA3A08E" box="[403,530,693,718]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Scotophaeoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF3F8C0EFE5BFD71FDA3A08E" box="[403,530,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">S. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while other characters also conformed to the diagnostic characters of the genus
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF3F8C0EFF20FD18FEDAA0B5" box="[232,363,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF3F8C0EFF20FD18FED6A0B5" box="[232,359,732,757]" class="Arachnida" family="Liocranidae" genus="Sphingius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphingius</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
We also considered the geographic distribution (Guangdong is next to Guangxi), and therefore here transfer the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF3F8C0EFDF1FCC6FCEFA15B" box="[569,862,770,795]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Scotophaeoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF3F8C0EFDF1FCC6FCEFA15B" box="[569,862,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Scotophaeoides sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF3F8C0EFC4EFCC6FC4CA15B" box="[902,1021,770,795]" class="Arachnida" family="Liocranidae" genus="Sphingius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF3F8C0EFC4EFCC6FC4CA15B" box="[902,1021,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Sphingius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, thus placing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF3F8C0EFB60FCC6FAD4A15B" box="[1192,1381,770,795]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Scotophaeoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF3F8C0EFB60FCC6FAD4A15B" box="[1192,1381,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Scotophaeoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A2BACEF3F8C0EFEBEFCEDFE58A102" box="[374,489,809,834]" class="Arachnida" family="Liocranidae" genus="Sphingius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E8C3DEF3F8C0EFEBEFCEDFE58A102" box="[374,489,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Sphingius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |