276 lines
38 KiB
XML
276 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="D2A3F720E5CB27F44DB18E4386225D12" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.193731" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4bf51a1d-077f-46dc-bd30-e582ffbf11ce" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="193731" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460169130497" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lohrmann, Volker & Ohl, Michael" docDate="2010" docId="03B3C46B39041C02FF672626DAAD0941" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02384p043.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2384" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Liosphex atratus Lohrmann, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="FF8ABC13390F1C0FFFF02244D9340A13" masterDocTitle="World revision of the wasp genus Liosphex Townes, 1977 (Hymenoptera: Rhopalosomatidae)" masterLastPageNumber="43" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698235918724" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="F2B05C79D8AE4623075D9DD5949395E7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="588EDCAF42C34289D35CD0322D139470">
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<mods:title id="5E68E1470DCC582539DB63C36EE20270">World revision of the wasp genus Liosphex Townes, 1977 (Hymenoptera: Rhopalosomatidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="614C0C353D632A53DE0ADD8CB8370CB7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8AD36D4911BB0354CB7111595A925D55">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="54ECC711C4C788E7AD778C732B39C65A">Lohrmann, Volker</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="F5BFF203B14477F0A2DFA75CE2D53910" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F5379AE7848E3F4F741A8FB224CF6141">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="DB07F104AD8EFC65746ED872DD64CA05">Ohl, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="AF977D063BE739A1604BA4F1ED1F2937">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A49FCCA4235315B8D4779D1C4CD3B0C6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="908AE4DC33451FBFE93AD35984918CEF">
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<mods:date id="E5DD7FE83257E4CA5AEF0CA0EC4A7D7F">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="F9BE06AD05C69DDC00AD747DCCBB3DAA" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5C23715E6FE07D7D61BE713B845CB334">2384</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="3FB782AE5E5C9D52418EA676E2656738">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="0DF420B0CDCFDF7706A6400B15294E99">43</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="0C22F31B1FC1B3BA281FD6B7FF072D2E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="014E7519B51BAC11A14CB890D7D2D5FC" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.193731</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6520C1CBD93EC90927967519640525BD" type="GBIF-Dataset">4bf51a1d-077f-46dc-bd30-e582ffbf11ce</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="742255152BCC529A4E480EE3E7E443F1" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5DE965CCB36D3AC0F960A54C01D654DC" type="Zenodo-Dep">193731</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B3C46B39041C02FF672626DAAD0941" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6209703" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124956323" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6209703" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D265B89D-AB7B-4C8B-B6E1-9FA694030058" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B3C46B39041C02FF672626DAAD0941" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<subSubSection id="C30026F639041C04FF672626DB000E8C" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA5757D39041C04FF672626DB600E6F" blockId="11.[151,596,1122,1183]" box="[151,596,1122,1148]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<heading id="D0EDC21139041C04FF672626DB600E6F" bold="true" box="[151,596,1122,1148]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B96EA96F39041C04FF672626DB600E6F" bold="true" box="[151,596,1122,1148]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A0EFE39041C04FF672626D8DB0E6F" ID-CoL="3V835" authority="Lohrmann" authorityName="Lohrmann" box="[151,495,1122,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Rhopalosomatidae" genus="Liosphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B96EA96F39041C04FF672626D8560E6F" bold="true" box="[151,354,1122,1148]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Liosphex atratus</emphasis>
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Lohrmann
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25D141439041C04FE072626DB600E6F" box="[503,596,1122,1148]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA5757D39041C04FF6726C1DB000E8C" blockId="11.[151,596,1122,1183]" box="[151,564,1157,1183]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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(
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<figureCitation id="132169F839041C04FF6F26C1D83D0E8C" box="[159,265,1157,1183]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="4.[151,272,1734,1758]" captionTargetBox="[206,1380,271,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[206,1381,271,1710]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Liosphex atratus sp. nov. Ƥ (indicating points of measurements). 1: head in dorsal view; 2: head in frontal view. Liosphex boreus sp. nov. Ƥ. 3: forewing; 4: hindwing; 5 details of forewing; 6: details of forewing. Liosphex trichopleurum Ƥ. 7: shape of m-cu. Abbreviations. cl: clypeus, e: eye, H 1 Rs: height of 1 Rs, IOD: distance between lateral ocelli, lb: labrum, LID: lower interorbital distance, LOD: diameter of lateral ocellus, L 1 Rs: length of 1 Rs, mb: mandible, MOD: diameter of median ocellus, OOD: ocular-ocellar distance, sp: subantennal plate, t: torulus, UID: upper interorbital distance." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193732/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 1, 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132169F839041C04FEE526C1D8650E8C" box="[277,337,1157,1183]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="8.[151,276,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[206,1380,381,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[206,1381,381,1820]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Liosphex trichopleurum Ƥ. 8: forewing cell 1 Rs; 13: mesosoma in lateral view (showing the distribution of setae). Liosphex atratus sp. nov. Ƥ. 9: forewing cell 1 Rs; 11 & 12: mesosoma in lateral view; general morphology (11) and showing the distribution of setae (12). Liosphex varius Ƥ. 10: forewing cell 1 Rs. Abbreviations: al: anal lobe, bh: basal hamuli, ep: endophragmal pit, es: epistrnal scrobe, hpl: humural plate, jl: jugal lobe, msc: mesoscutum, mn: metanotum, msl: mesosternal lobe, msm: mesepimeron, mss: mesepisternum, mtm: metepimeron, mts: metepisternum, pn: pronotum, prl: pronotal lobe, ps: parapsidal sulcus, sp: spiracle, st: streptaulus, tg: tegula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193733/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">9, 12</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132169F839041C04FEAE26C1D8E20E8C" box="[350,470,1157,1183]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="9.[151,272,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[206,1380,194,1558]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[206,1381,194,1558]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Liosphex trichopleurum Ƥ. 14: forebasitarsus. Liosphex atratus sp. nov. Ƥ. 15: forebasitarsus; 21: apex of hindtibia in lateral view; 24: tergite III. Liosphex bribri sp. nov. Ƥ. 16: head in frontal view; 19: pronotum in dorsal view. Liosphex guarani sp. nov. Ƥ. 17: head in frontal view; 23: apex of hindtibia in lateral view. Liosphex longicornis sp. nov. Ƥ. 18: head in frontal view. Liosphex maleku sp. nov. Ƥ. 20: pronotum in dorsal view. Liosphex boreus sp. nov. Ƥ. 22: apex of hindtibia in lateral view; 25: tergite III. Abbreviations: bt: basitarsus, ht: hindtibia, its: inseration of tibialspur, Lac: Length of antennal cleaner, Lbt: Length of forebasitarsomere." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193734/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">14, 21, 24</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132169F839041C04FE1226C1DB190E8C" box="[482,557,1157,1183]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 – 31" captionStartId="12.[151,269,1610,1634]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,194,1588]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[207,1381,194,1589]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 29 – 31. Liosphex atratus sp. nov. (holotype) Ƥ. 29: head in dorsal view; 30: habitus in lateral view; 31: habitus in dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193736/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">29–31</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30026F639041C04FF67268BDD0B0FD9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA5757D39041C04FF67268BDC6C0EF9" blockId="11.[151,1437,1231,2004]" box="[151,1368,1231,1258]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B96EA96F39041C04FF67268BD8240EFA" bold="true" box="[151,272,1231,1257]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<typeStatus id="54A1CBDF39041C04FF67268BD83F0EFA" box="[151,267,1231,1257]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Female.
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<collectingCountry id="F30D35ED39041C04FE8C2694DB130EF9" box="[380,551,1232,1258]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
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: Limón,
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<quantity id="4CE2D89839041C04FD632694DBE20EF9" box="[659,726,1232,1258]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="km" value="16.0">16km</quantity>
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W. Guápiles,
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<quantity id="4CE2D89839041C04FC8C2694DAF60EF9" box="[892,962,1232,1258]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="400.0">400m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFA453BD39041C04FC3D2694DD510EF9" box="[973,1125,1232,1258]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1991-04-01">1 April 1991</date>
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||
, P.Hanson (
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||
<collectionCode id="ED0BEDB839041C04FB1F2694DC780EF9" box="[1263,1356,1232,1258]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ww9x-1v7b" name="Museo de Insectos" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">MUCR</collectionCode>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BA5757D39041C04FF3426B1DD0B0FD9" blockId="11.[151,1437,1231,2004]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39041C04FF3426B1D87F0F1C" bold="true" box="[196,331,1269,1295]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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||
<typeStatus id="54A1CBDF39041C04FF3426B1D8720F1C" box="[196,326,1269,1295]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<collectingCountry id="F30D35ED39041C04FEA326B1DB360F1C" box="[339,514,1269,1295]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
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||
: same data as
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<typeStatus id="54A1CBDF39041C04FD4326B1DA280F1C" box="[691,796,1269,1295]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
but
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<date id="FFA453BD39041C04FCA326B1DAC40F1C" box="[851,1008,1269,1295]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1992-04-01">1 April 1992</date>
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||
, P.Hanson (1 Ƥ,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED0BEDB839041C04FB4D26B1DC2E0F1C" box="[1213,1306,1269,1295]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ww9x-1v7b" name="Museo de Insectos" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">MUCR</collectionCode>
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||
); Alajuela, San Ramón, Reserva Biológica Alberto Brenes,
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||
<quantity id="4CE2D89839041C04FD1A275EDA070F27" box="[746,819,1306,1332]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="900.0">900m</quantity>
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||
,
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||
<date id="FFA453BD39041C04FCB0275EDAF40F27" box="[832,960,1306,1332]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2000-05">May 2000</date>
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, P. Hanson (1 Ƥ,
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<collectionCode id="ED0BEDB839041C04FB6A275EDDCD0F27" box="[1178,1273,1306,1332]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ww9x-1v7b" name="Museo de Insectos" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">MUCR</collectionCode>
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||
); Puntarenas, Peninsula de Osa, Cerro Rincón,
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<quantity id="4CE2D89839041C04FDDB2704DB4E0F49" box="[555,634,1344,1370]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.45" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="745.0">745 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFA453BD39041C04FD772704DA290F49" box="[647,797,1344,1370]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1991-03">March 1991</date>
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, Hanson & Godoy (1 Ƥ,
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<collectionCode id="ED0BEDB839041C04FBBF2704DD990F49" box="[1103,1197,1344,1370]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ww9x-1v7b" name="Museo de Insectos" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">MUCR</collectionCode>
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||
);
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<collectingCountry id="F30D35ED39041C04FB312704DC020F49" box="[1217,1334,1344,1370]" name="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
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: Sinola,
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<quantity id="4CE2D89839041C04FF672721D9EC0F6C" box="[151,216,1381,1407]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mi" value="20.0">20mi</quantity>
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||
. E. Concordia, 3000’,
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<date id="FFA453BD39041C04FE162721DB9C0F6C" box="[486,680,1381,1407]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1964-08-12">12 August 1964</date>
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||
, W. R. M. Mason (1 Ƥ,
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<collectionCode id="ED0BEDB839041C04FC3C2721DD2C0F6C" box="[972,1048,1381,1407]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">CNCI</collectionCode>
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||
); Chiapas, San Christobal de las Casas, 11000’,
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||
<date id="FFA453BD39041C04FEA327CEDB3F0FB7" box="[339,523,1418,1444]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1962-08-04">4 August 1962</date>
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||
, H. E. Milliron (1 3,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED0BEDB839041C04FCE827CEDA520FB7" box="[792,870,1418,1444]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">CNCI</collectionCode>
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||
); Veracruz, S Ixhuatlan (SE Huatusco), coffee plantations along gravel road,
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||
<quantity id="4CE2D89839041C04FE0A27F4DB790FD9" box="[506,589,1456,1482]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="1130.0">1130m</quantity>
|
||
,
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||
<date id="FFA453BD39041C04FDA927F4DA2B0FD9" box="[601,799,1456,1482]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1990-07-17" valueMax="1990-07-18" valueMin="1990-07-17">17–18 July 1990</date>
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||
, I. Yarom (2 3,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED0BEDB839041C04FC2E27F4DD070FD9" box="[990,1075,1456,1482]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34264" name="University of Kansas - Biodiversity Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">SEMC</collectionCode>
|
||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30026F639041C04FF342791DAC30CDC" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5757D39041C04FF342791DBC20C97" blockId="11.[151,1437,1231,2004]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39041C04FF342791D8770FFC" bold="true" box="[196,323,1493,1519]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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This species is quite similar to
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A0EFE39041C04FD492791DA1C0FFD" box="[697,808,1493,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Rhopalosomatidae" genus="Liosphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39041C04FD492791DA1C0FFD" box="[697,808,1493,1518]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. boreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A0EFE39041C04FC912791DAF10FFD" box="[865,965,1493,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Rhopalosomatidae" genus="Liosphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bribri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39041C04FC912791DAF10FFD" box="[865,965,1493,1518]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. bribri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
especially in color pattern. It can easily been differentiated from
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A0EFE39041C04FE4E27BFDB170C07" box="[446,547,1531,1556]" class="Insecta" family="Rhopalosomatidae" genus="Liosphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bribri">
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||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39041C04FE4E27BFDB170C07" box="[446,547,1531,1556]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. bribri</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
by the anterior margin of the pronotum which is not notched in
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A0EFE39041C04FAD127BFDCA00C07" box="[1313,1428,1531,1556]" class="Insecta" family="Rhopalosomatidae" genus="Liosphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
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||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39041C04FAD127BFDCA00C07" box="[1313,1428,1531,1556]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
. The basal angle of the 1Rs cell of the forewing which is less than 90° in
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A0EFE39041C04FC072464DD5E0C2A" box="[1015,1130,1568,1593]" class="Insecta" family="Rhopalosomatidae" genus="Liosphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39041C04FC072464DD5E0C2A" box="[1015,1130,1568,1593]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. atratus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differentiates this species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A0EFE39041C04FF272401D8710C4D" box="[215,325,1605,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Rhopalosomatidae" genus="Liosphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39041C04FF272401D8710C4D" box="[215,325,1605,1630]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. boreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
where this angle is at least 90°. Additionally, the mouthparts are almost dark brown to black in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A0EFE39041C04FF67242FD83D0C97" box="[151,265,1643,1668]" class="Insecta" family="Rhopalosomatidae" genus="Liosphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39041C04FF67242FD83D0C97" box="[151,265,1643,1668]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and pale brown to yellowish in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A0EFE39041C04FD72242FDBDB0C97" box="[642,751,1643,1668]" class="Insecta" family="Rhopalosomatidae" genus="Liosphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39041C04FD72242FDBDB0C97" box="[642,751,1643,1668]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. boreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5757D39041C04FF3424D4DAC30CDC" blockId="11.[151,1437,1231,2004]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
The females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A0EFE39041C04FE7024D4D8C20CBA" box="[384,502,1680,1705]" class="Insecta" family="Rhopalosomatidae" genus="Liosphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39041C04FE7024D4D8C20CBA" box="[384,502,1680,1705]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are unique among all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A0EFE39041C04FCF324D4DA5B0CBA" box="[771,879,1680,1705]" class="Insecta" family="Rhopalosomatidae" genus="Liosphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39041C04FCF324D4DA5B0CBA" box="[771,879,1680,1705]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Liosphex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having the hindtibia with two conspicuous, spinelike bristles on each side of insertion of shorter apical spur (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132169F839041C04FC6224F1DADE0CDC" box="[914,1002,1717,1743]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="9.[151,272,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[206,1380,194,1558]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[206,1381,194,1558]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Liosphex trichopleurum Ƥ. 14: forebasitarsus. Liosphex atratus sp. nov. Ƥ. 15: forebasitarsus; 21: apex of hindtibia in lateral view; 24: tergite III. Liosphex bribri sp. nov. Ƥ. 16: head in frontal view; 19: pronotum in dorsal view. Liosphex guarani sp. nov. Ƥ. 17: head in frontal view; 23: apex of hindtibia in lateral view. Liosphex longicornis sp. nov. Ƥ. 18: head in frontal view. Liosphex maleku sp. nov. Ƥ. 20: pronotum in dorsal view. Liosphex boreus sp. nov. Ƥ. 22: apex of hindtibia in lateral view; 25: tergite III. Abbreviations: bt: basitarsus, ht: hindtibia, its: inseration of tibialspur, Lac: Length of antennal cleaner, Lbt: Length of forebasitarsomere." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193734/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30026F639041C02FF34249EDAAD0941" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5757D39041C04FF34249EDADC0D99" blockId="11.[151,1437,1231,2004]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39041C04FF34249EDB330CE7" bold="true" box="[196,519,1754,1780]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Description of the female.</emphasis>
|
||
Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132169F839041C04FDAD249EDBFC0CE7" box="[605,712,1754,1780]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="4.[151,272,1734,1758]" captionTargetBox="[206,1380,271,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[206,1381,271,1710]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Liosphex atratus sp. nov. Ƥ (indicating points of measurements). 1: head in dorsal view; 2: head in frontal view. Liosphex boreus sp. nov. Ƥ. 3: forewing; 4: hindwing; 5 details of forewing; 6: details of forewing. Liosphex trichopleurum Ƥ. 7: shape of m-cu. Abbreviations. cl: clypeus, e: eye, H 1 Rs: height of 1 Rs, IOD: distance between lateral ocelli, lb: labrum, LID: lower interorbital distance, LOD: diameter of lateral ocellus, L 1 Rs: length of 1 Rs, mb: mandible, MOD: diameter of median ocellus, OOD: ocular-ocellar distance, sp: subantennal plate, t: torulus, UID: upper interorbital distance." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193732/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 1, 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132169F839041C04FD25249EDBC30CE7" box="[725,759,1754,1780]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 – 31" captionStartId="12.[151,269,1610,1634]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,194,1588]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[207,1381,194,1589]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 29 – 31. Liosphex atratus sp. nov. (holotype) Ƥ. 29: head in dorsal view; 30: habitus in lateral view; 31: habitus in dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193736/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">29</figureCitation>
|
||
): Maximum width in frontal view
|
||
<quantity id="4CE2D89839041C04FB60249EDDDF0CE7" box="[1168,1259,1754,1780]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="4CE2D89839041C04FB0A249EDCA50CE7" box="[1274,1425,1754,1780]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
]. UID 1.55× [1.4–1.55×] LID. Distance between eye and insertion of antennae smaller than shortest distance between eye and mandible. Flagellomeres short (flagellomere II 2.9× [2.8–3.1×], flagellomere VII 1.8× [1.8– 1.9×] as long as wide). Apical bristles present on flagellomeres I–V, longer bristle on flagellomere I 1.0× its length. OOD 2.4× [2.2–2.5×], IOD 1.2× [1.2×], MOD 1.0× [1.0×] LOD.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5757D39041C04FF3425D1DAD50DC7" blockId="11.[151,1437,1231,2004]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Mesosoma (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132169F839041C04FEAA25D1D8D30DBC" box="[346,487,1941,1967]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="8.[151,276,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[206,1380,381,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[206,1381,381,1820]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Liosphex trichopleurum Ƥ. 8: forewing cell 1 Rs; 13: mesosoma in lateral view (showing the distribution of setae). Liosphex atratus sp. nov. Ƥ. 9: forewing cell 1 Rs; 11 & 12: mesosoma in lateral view; general morphology (11) and showing the distribution of setae (12). Liosphex varius Ƥ. 10: forewing cell 1 Rs. Abbreviations: al: anal lobe, bh: basal hamuli, ep: endophragmal pit, es: epistrnal scrobe, hpl: humural plate, jl: jugal lobe, msc: mesoscutum, mn: metanotum, msl: mesosternal lobe, msm: mesepimeron, mss: mesepisternum, mtm: metepimeron, mts: metepisternum, pn: pronotum, prl: pronotal lobe, ps: parapsidal sulcus, sp: spiracle, st: streptaulus, tg: tegula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193733/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 11–12</figureCitation>
|
||
): Length of mesosoma:
|
||
<quantity id="4CE2D89839041C04FCE125D1DA440DBC" box="[785,880,1941,1967]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
[2.5–3.0 mm]. Anterior margin of pronotum without median notch (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="132169F839041C04FE1525FEDB080DC7" box="[485,572,1978,2004]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="9.[151,272,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[206,1380,194,1558]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[206,1381,194,1558]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Liosphex trichopleurum Ƥ. 14: forebasitarsus. Liosphex atratus sp. nov. Ƥ. 15: forebasitarsus; 21: apex of hindtibia in lateral view; 24: tergite III. Liosphex bribri sp. nov. Ƥ. 16: head in frontal view; 19: pronotum in dorsal view. Liosphex guarani sp. nov. Ƥ. 17: head in frontal view; 23: apex of hindtibia in lateral view. Liosphex longicornis sp. nov. Ƥ. 18: head in frontal view. Liosphex maleku sp. nov. Ƥ. 20: pronotum in dorsal view. Liosphex boreus sp. nov. Ƥ. 22: apex of hindtibia in lateral view; 25: tergite III. Abbreviations: bt: basitarsus, ht: hindtibia, its: inseration of tibialspur, Lac: Length of antennal cleaner, Lbt: Length of forebasitarsomere." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193734/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
). Streptaulus in lateral view curved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6525F539031C03FF67240ED8000C97" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193736/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" targetBox="[208,1380,194,1588]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5757D39031C03FF67240ED8000C97" blockId="12.[151,1436,1610,1668]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39031C03FF67240ED8690C71" bold="true" box="[151,349,1610,1634]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURES 29–31.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A0EFE39031C03FE93240EDB200C72" box="[355,532,1610,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Rhopalosomatidae" genus="Liosphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39031C03FE93240EDB200C72" box="[355,532,1610,1633]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Liosphex atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39031C03FDEB2408DB530C72" bold="true" box="[539,615,1612,1633]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25D141439031C03FDEB2408DB530C72" box="[539,615,1612,1633]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype) Ƥ. 29: head in dorsal view; 30: habitus in lateral view; 31: habitus in dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5757D39031C03FF342494DA3D0D27" blockId="12.[151,1437,1744,2031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Wings: Maximum length of forewing:
|
||
<quantity id="4CE2D89839031C03FD6D2494DBCF0CF9" box="[669,763,1744,1770]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="4CE2D89839031C03FCFA2494DA920CF9" box="[778,934,1744,1770]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.699999999999999" metricValueMax="7.3" metricValueMin="6.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="6.699999999999999" valueMax="7.3" valueMin="6.1">6.1–7.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
], 2.5× [2.45–2.5×] as long as mesosoma. Forewing 1cu-a inclivous, distad of M by 1.8× [1.8–2.3×] its length. M-cu distinctly curved. 1Rs 2.2–2.5× as long as high, its basal angle smaller than 90° (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132169F839031C03FD42255EDBCE0D27" box="[690,762,1818,1844]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="8.[151,276,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[206,1380,381,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[206,1381,381,1820]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Liosphex trichopleurum Ƥ. 8: forewing cell 1 Rs; 13: mesosoma in lateral view (showing the distribution of setae). Liosphex atratus sp. nov. Ƥ. 9: forewing cell 1 Rs; 11 & 12: mesosoma in lateral view; general morphology (11) and showing the distribution of setae (12). Liosphex varius Ƥ. 10: forewing cell 1 Rs. Abbreviations: al: anal lobe, bh: basal hamuli, ep: endophragmal pit, es: epistrnal scrobe, hpl: humural plate, jl: jugal lobe, msc: mesoscutum, mn: metanotum, msl: mesosternal lobe, msm: mesepimeron, mss: mesepisternum, mtm: metepimeron, mts: metepisternum, pn: pronotum, prl: pronotal lobe, ps: parapsidal sulcus, sp: spiracle, st: streptaulus, tg: tegula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193733/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5757D39031C03FF342504DB460DB7" blockId="12.[151,1437,1744,2031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Legs: Forebasitarsomere short, length of antennal cleaner 0.45× [0.4–0.45×] its length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132169F839031C03FB332504DC2E0D49" box="[1219,1306,1856,1882]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="9.[151,272,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[206,1380,194,1558]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[206,1381,194,1558]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Liosphex trichopleurum Ƥ. 14: forebasitarsus. Liosphex atratus sp. nov. Ƥ. 15: forebasitarsus; 21: apex of hindtibia in lateral view; 24: tergite III. Liosphex bribri sp. nov. Ƥ. 16: head in frontal view; 19: pronotum in dorsal view. Liosphex guarani sp. nov. Ƥ. 17: head in frontal view; 23: apex of hindtibia in lateral view. Liosphex longicornis sp. nov. Ƥ. 18: head in frontal view. Liosphex maleku sp. nov. Ƥ. 20: pronotum in dorsal view. Liosphex boreus sp. nov. Ƥ. 22: apex of hindtibia in lateral view; 25: tergite III. Abbreviations: bt: basitarsus, ht: hindtibia, its: inseration of tibialspur, Lac: Length of antennal cleaner, Lbt: Length of forebasitarsomere." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193734/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mid- and hindfemur with a few bristles spread over its distal dorsal area. Hindtibia with two bristles on each side of insertion of shorter apical spur (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132169F839031C03FDFD25CEDB500DB7" box="[525,612,1930,1956]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="9.[151,272,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[206,1380,194,1558]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[206,1381,194,1558]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Liosphex trichopleurum Ƥ. 14: forebasitarsus. Liosphex atratus sp. nov. Ƥ. 15: forebasitarsus; 21: apex of hindtibia in lateral view; 24: tergite III. Liosphex bribri sp. nov. Ƥ. 16: head in frontal view; 19: pronotum in dorsal view. Liosphex guarani sp. nov. Ƥ. 17: head in frontal view; 23: apex of hindtibia in lateral view. Liosphex longicornis sp. nov. Ƥ. 18: head in frontal view. Liosphex maleku sp. nov. Ƥ. 20: pronotum in dorsal view. Liosphex boreus sp. nov. Ƥ. 22: apex of hindtibia in lateral view; 25: tergite III. Abbreviations: bt: basitarsus, ht: hindtibia, its: inseration of tibialspur, Lac: Length of antennal cleaner, Lbt: Length of forebasitarsomere." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193734/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5757D39031C03FF3425F4D8F90DFC" blockId="12.[151,1437,1744,2031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Metasoma: Tergite I 1.9× [1.4–1.9×] as long as wide. Visible parts of tergites covered all over with regularly distributed hairs.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5757D39021C02FF3422DCDBB40B31" blockId="13.[151,1437,152,850]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Color (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="132169F839021C02FEAD22DCD8DE0AA1" box="[349,490,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 – 31" captionStartId="12.[151,269,1610,1634]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,194,1588]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[207,1381,194,1589]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 29 – 31. Liosphex atratus sp. nov. (holotype) Ƥ. 29: head in dorsal view; 30: habitus in lateral view; 31: habitus in dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193736/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 30–31</figureCitation>
|
||
): Basically dark brown to black except the following: labrum, clypeus except median black spot, gena, inner part of eye notch, anterior and posterior margin of propodeum and anterior part of metasomal segment II yellowish. Ventral side of antennae orange to pale brown. Wings pale brown, more intensive on anterior part of the forewing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5757D39021C02FF342369DA470BA4" blockId="13.[151,1437,152,850]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Pilosity: Body, including legs, largely covered with dense setae. Setae slightly shorter on head, mesoscutum and scutellum, and lacking on following structures: occiput, ventrolateral side of pronotum, median area of mesepisternum, ventral part of metepimeron, posteroventral of metepisternum, median part of lateral side of propodeum and anteroventral half of hindfemur.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5757D39021C02FF342386DC360BCF" blockId="13.[151,1437,152,850]" box="[196,1282,450,476]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39021C02FF342386D8D90BCF" bold="true" box="[196,493,450,476]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description of the male.</emphasis>
|
||
Head, mesosoma and metasoma as in female except the following:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5757D39021C02FF3423ACDA8F0834" blockId="13.[151,1437,152,850]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Head: Maximum width in frontal view
|
||
<quantity id="4CE2D89839021C02FD6423ACDA110811" box="[660,805,488,514]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Flagellomere II 2.5–2.7×, flagellomere VII 1.8–2.2× as long as wide. Longer bristle on flagellomere I 0.5–1.0× its length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5757D39021C02FF342076DBD8085F" blockId="13.[151,1437,152,850]" box="[196,748,562,588]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Mesosoma: Length of mesosoma:
|
||
<quantity id="4CE2D89839021C02FDA72076DBDC085F" box="[599,744,562,588]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="2.7" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="2.5">2.5–2.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5757D39021C02FF34201CDCA80861" blockId="13.[151,1437,152,850]" box="[196,1436,600,626]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Wings: Maximum length of forewing:
|
||
<quantity id="4CE2D89839021C02FD7A201CDA2F0861" box="[650,795,600,626]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.05" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="6.05" valueMax="6.6" valueMin="5.5">5.5–6.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Forewing 1cu-a distad from M by 1.9–2.1× its length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5757D39021C02FF342039DBBD08AF" blockId="13.[151,1437,152,850]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Legs: Hindtibia without an additional bristle at its distal apex (which is characteristic for the female of this species). Tarsomeres II–IV with plantulae.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5757D39021C02FF342083DC190914" blockId="13.[151,1437,152,850]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39021C02FF342083D86908F2" bold="true" box="[196,349,711,737]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Life history.</emphasis>
|
||
Almost nothing is known about the life history of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A0EFE39021C02FC4D208CDDB008F2" box="[957,1156,712,737]" class="Insecta" family="Rhopalosomatidae" genus="Liosphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39021C02FC4D208CDDB008F2" box="[957,1156,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Liosphex atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Only five females and three males are known, and these were collected at an altitude of
|
||
<quantity id="4CE2D89839021C02FC6220A9DD120914" box="[914,1062,749,775]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.875" metricValueMax="3.35" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="1875.0" valueMax="3350.0" valueMin="400.0">400–3350 m</quantity>
|
||
from April to August.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5757D39021C02FF342156DAAD0941" blockId="13.[151,1437,152,850]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39021C02FF342156D889093F" bold="true" box="[196,445,786,812]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Etymological note.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A0EFE39021C02FD232156DA180938" box="[723,812,786,811]" class="Insecta" family="Rhopalosomatidae" genus="Liosphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EA96F39021C02FD232156DA180938" box="[723,812,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ comes from Latin and means “dressed in black” referring to the almost completely black coloration of the species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |