414 lines
52 KiB
XML
414 lines
52 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="0E608F72D20F30782A3353F14AB16710">Integrative taxonomic review of the genus Rhodostrophia Hübner, 1823 and its allied genus Tanaotrichia Warren, 1893 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) from the Western Himalaya</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FF0F48F0C617EB05AA49B374454EBEFA">Bandyopadhyay, Uttaran</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FBA5ACE2853FC6DDBB01F2D22B43AA26">Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun- 248001, Uttarakhand, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="54285D86035B09083C23AAE8368DE07A">Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun- 248001, Uttarakhand, India. & Graphic Era (Deemed to be) University, Bell Road Clement Town, Dehradun- 248002, Uttarakhand, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3B5A3F4662F2EB54DC3AB0C55DB2A7C3">Chandra, Kailash</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DE2DABA02AEA9676B5DFC2262227F95F">Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata- 700053, West Bengal, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4CCE040EBC616D4EB6FF5CC086D5BF47">Hausmann, Axel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="76CFD2D3A367F0AF4EF22A10924ECEBC">Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns (SNSB) - Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM), Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247 Munich, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03B38793FFF9FFABB4814F140B86FC4A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B38793FFF9FFABB4814F140B86FC4A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B38793FFF9FFABB4814F140B86FC4A" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
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<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF9FFAAB4814F140938FD9B" blockId="18.[151,625,546,608]" box="[151,625,546,573]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF9FFAAB4814F140938FD9B" ID-CoL="93CY7" authority="(Moore, 1868)" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[151,625,546,573]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vinacearia">
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<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB4814F140921FD9B" bold="true" box="[151,616,546,573]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
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<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB4814F140A8BFD9B" bold="true" box="[151,450,546,573]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Rhodostrophia vinacearia</emphasis>
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(Moore, 1868
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</emphasis>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C300650EFFF9FFAAB4814F700A98FD04" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF9FFAAB4814F700A04FDC7" blockId="18.[151,625,546,608]" box="[151,333,582,608]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
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[
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<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF9FFAAB4884F700A55FDC7" box="[158,284,582,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–28" captionStartId="17.[151,265,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,181,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-18@17.[200,1387,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 17–28. Habitus images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 17. R. pelloniaria (17a–17b: Male, Holotype, NHMUK). 18. R. khasiana (18a–18b: Female, Syntype, NHMUK). 19–22. R. stigmatica (19a–19b: Male, 20a–20b: Female, 21a–21b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK, 22a–22b: Female, Syntype, NHMUK). 23–26. R. tristrigalis (23a–23b: Male, 24a–24b: Female, 25a–25b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK, 26a–26b: Female, Syntype, NHMUK). 27–28. R. vinacearia (27a–27b: Female, 28a–28b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915538" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915538/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Fig. 27–28</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF9FFAAB53E4F700A0FFDC7" box="[296,326,582,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–62" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[237,1350,191,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[229,1359,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 48–62. Male genitalia images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 48–54. Male 8th Abdominal Sternite. 48. R. borealis, 49. R. cinerascens*, 50. R. herbicolens, 51. R. pelloniaria, 52. R. stigmatica, 53. R. tristrigalis, 54. T. prasonaria trilineata. 55–62. Female genitalia images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 55. R. borealis, 56. R. cinerascens*, 57. R. herbicolens, 58. R. pelloniaria, 59. R. stigmatica, 60. R. tristrigalis, 61. R. vinacearia, 62. T. prasonaria trilineata. *Specimens and genitalia slide at ZSM-SNSB, Munich; slides and photos prepared by Dr Axel Hausmann." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915546" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915546/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">61</figureCitation>
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]
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF9FFAAB4814FBD0A98FD04" blockId="18.[151,1437,651,889]" box="[151,465,651,675]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
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[TL: North
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<collectingCountry id="F30D7615FFF9FFAAB51B4FBD0AC0FD04" box="[269,393,651,675]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">East Bengal</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F30D7615FFF9FFAAB5824FBD0A82FD04" box="[404,459,651,675]" name="India" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">India</collectingCountry>
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]
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||
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C300650EFFF9FFAAB4814F9F0FA5FCDE" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF9FFAAB4814F9F0F6DFD66" blockId="18.[151,1437,651,889]" box="[151,1060,681,705]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF9FFAAB4814F9F0AB8FD66" authority="Moore, 1867" authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,497,681,705]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Anisodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vinacearia">
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||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB4814F9F0A2CFD66" box="[151,357,681,705]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Anisodes vinacearia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B74FFF9FFAAB57A4F9C0AB8FD66" author="Moore, F." box="[364,497,681,705]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" refId="ref21851" refString="Moore, F. (1867) On Lepidoptera insects of Bengal. Part III. In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. Academic Press, London, pp. 1097." type="journal volume" year="1867">Moore, 1867</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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,
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||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB5ED4F9F08A0FD66" box="[507,1001,681,705]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London</emphasis>
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||
: 642.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF9FFAAB4814FFE0FB9FD47" blockId="18.[151,1437,651,889]" box="[151,1264,712,736]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF9FFAAB4814FFE0AD6FD47" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[151,415,712,736]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vinacearia">
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||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB4814FFE0AD6FD47" box="[151,415,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Rhodostrophia vinacearia</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B74FFF9FFAAB5BB4FFE0918FD47" author="Hampson, G. F." box="[429,593,712,736]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" refId="ref21322" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1895) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma (Moths), Vol. 3. Geometridae. Taylor and Francis, London, xxviii + 546 pp." type="book" year="1895">Hampson, 1895</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
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||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB64D4FFE0FEAFD47" box="[603,1187,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
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||
The Fauna of
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<collectingCountry id="F30D7615FFF9FFAAB6FC4FFE0824FD47" box="[746,877,712,736]" name="India" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">British India</collectingCountry>
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||
, including
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||
<collectingCountry id="F30D7615FFF9FFAAB7CB4FFE0F6CFD47" box="[989,1061,712,736]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Ceylon</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
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||
<collectingCountry id="F30D7615FFF9FFAAB0414FFF0FD6FD47" box="[1111,1183,713,736]" name="Myanmar" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Burma</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
3: 455.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF9FFAAB4814FD10E1BFD58" blockId="18.[151,1437,651,889]" box="[151,1362,743,767]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF9FFAAB4814FD10AD6FD59" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[151,415,743,767]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vinacearia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB4814FD10AD6FD59" box="[151,415,743,767]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Rhodostrophia vinacearia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B74FFF9FFAAB5BB4FD1096FFD58" author="Prout, L. B." box="[429,550,743,767]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" pagination="1912 - 1916" refId="ref22131" refString="Prout, L. B. (1913) The Palaearctic Geometrae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), The Macrolepidoptera of the World. Vol. 4. Verlag A. Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 1 - 479, pls. 1 - 25. [1912 - 1916]" type="book chapter" year="1913">Prout, 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB6264FD1090CFD59" box="[560,581,743,766]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">In</emphasis>
|
||
: Seitz, A. (Ed.) (1912–1916):
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB76C4FD10F97FD58" box="[890,1246,743,767]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">The Macrolepidoptera of the world</emphasis>
|
||
, vol. 4: 42.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF9FFAAB4814E330A60FC9B" blockId="18.[151,1437,651,889]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF9FFAAB4814E330AE9FCBA" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[151,416,773,797]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vinacearia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB4814E330AE9FCBA" box="[151,416,773,797]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Rhodostrophia vinacearia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B74FFF9FFAAB5B94E300960FCBA" author="Prout, L. B." box="[431,553,773,797]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" pagination="1920 - 1941" refId="ref22189" refString="Prout, L. B. (1938) The Indo-Australian Geometridae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), The Macrolepidoptera of the Indo-Australian Fauna. Vol. 12. Verlag A. Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 1 - 356, pls. 1 - 41 + 50. [1920 - 1941]" type="journal article" year="1938">Prout, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB6224E300900FCBA" box="[564,585,774,797]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">In</emphasis>
|
||
: Seitz, A. (Ed.) (1920–1941):
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB7954E330FA2FCBA" box="[899,1259,773,797]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">The Macrolepidoptera of the world</emphasis>
|
||
, vol. 12: 145, pl. 15, fig. d.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF9FFAAB4814E750FA5FCDE" blockId="18.[151,1437,651,889]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF9FFAAB4814E750AEBFCFD" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[151,418,835,859]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vinacearia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB4814E750AEBFCFD" box="[151,418,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Rhodostrophia vinacearia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
; Joshi
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB5E74E75096EFCFC" box="[497,551,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF9FFAAB6654E7509F6FCFD" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[627,703,835,858]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="class">Insecta</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF9FFAAB6DD4E750803FCFC" box="[715,842,835,859]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Heterocera (Moths).
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB0264E750A10FCDE" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
|
||
Faunal Diversity of Biogeographic Zones of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D7615FFF9FFAAB5324E570A10FCDE" box="[292,345,865,889]" name="India" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: North-East. Published by the Director, Zoological Survey of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D7615FFF9FFAAB7C64E570F4EFCDE" box="[976,1031,865,889]" name="India" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Kolkata, 511–576 pp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C300650EFFF9FFAAB4814E9109BCFC42" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF9FFAAB4814E9109BCFC42" blockId="18.[151,1437,935,2042]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB4814E910ACBFC66" bold="true" box="[151,386,935,961]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B723CD8FFF9FFAAB59F4E9109BCFC42" collectingDate="2020-10-09" collectorName="S. Kumari." country="India" elevation="1455" latitude="32.26927" location="Nora" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="76.28972" municipality="Dhauladhar Mountain Range" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Himachal Pradesh">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB59F4E910A92FC66" bold="true" box="[393,475,935,961]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D7615FFF9FFAAB59F4E910A92FC66" box="[393,475,935,961]" name="India" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1CFD0CFFF9FFAAB5FC4E9E0944FC65" box="[490,525,936,962]" count="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF867FFF9FFAAB60C4E9109A3FC66" box="[538,746,935,961]" country="India" name="Himachal Pradesh" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Himachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Dist. Kangra,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC1ACFFFFF9FFAAB7864E910F9EFC65" box="[912,1239,935,962]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Dhauladhar Mountain Range</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EC5605EFFF9FFAAB0F44E9E0E54FC65" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B38793FFF9FFABB4814F140B86FC4A:8EC5605EFFF9FFAAB0F44E9E0E54FC65" box="[1250,1309,936,962]" country="India" latitude="32.26927" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="76.28972" municipality="Dhauladhar Mountain Range" name="Nora" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" stateProvince="Himachal Pradesh">Nora</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2E5042FFF9FFAAB13E4E910BE7FC41" degrees="32.26927" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" precision="1" value="32.26927">32.26927° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2E5042FFF9FFAAB4AF4EFD0A1FFC41" box="[185,342,971,998]" degrees="076.28972" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" precision="1" value="76.28972">076.28972° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE29B60FFF9FFAAB5744EFD0AF0FC41" box="[354,441,971,998]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.455" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="1455.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0037D1B6FFF9FFAAB5744EFD0AF0FC41" box="[354,441,971,998]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.455" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="1455.0">1455 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA41045FFF9FFAAB5D24EFA0977FC41" box="[452,574,972,998]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" value="2020-10-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE0E9ADFFF9FFAAB5D24EFA0977FC41" box="[452,574,972,998]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" value="2020-10-09">09.X.2020</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
; leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26EF5353FFF9FFAAB66C4EFA09BCFC42" box="[634,757,971,998]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">S. Kumari.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C300650EFFF9FFAAB4D14ED908A5F97D" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF9FFAAB4D14ED90A12FBAE" blockId="18.[151,1437,935,2042]" box="[199,347,1007,1033]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB4D14ED90A12FBAE" bold="true" box="[199,347,1007,1033]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF9FFAAB4D14925090FFB89" blockId="18.[151,1437,935,2042]" box="[199,582,1043,1070]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
|
||
Forewing length: Female:
|
||
<quantity id="4CE29B60FFF9FFAAB5E64922090BFB89" box="[496,578,1044,1070]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF9FFAAB4D149010A49F981" blockId="18.[151,1437,935,2042]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB4D149010A52FBF6" box="[199,283,1079,1105]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Female</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB538490E0AD1FBF5" box="[302,408,1080,1106]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
filiform in famale. Vertex whitish and with a slight pale brownish-grey tint. Frons dark chestnut-brown. Labial palpi short, directed upward slightly reaching the base of frons, ochreous-brown with slight rose-red irroration. Collar, tegulae, patagia, and dorsal thoracic and abdominal region pale ochreous with a minor grey tint. Ventral side with slight rose-red irroration especially on the femur and tibial part of the foretibia. Legs feature as described for female of the genus.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB68749FE09B4FB46" box="[657,765,1224,1249]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Forewing</emphasis>
|
||
pale ochreous with slight greyish tint, elongated with acute apex. Basal costal border chestnut-brown. Three chestnut or vinous-brown transverse lines. Antemedial line bends sharply below costa, slightly out curved, runs obliquely towards the inner margin and continues to the hindwing. Postmedial line oblique, slightly sinuous with diffused concolorous shade on the outer side, obsolescent towards costa. Submarginal line thinner and wavy. Marginal line dark chestnut-brown. Discocellular dot comparatively large, dark black with chestnut-brown scales.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB6BA484D0853FA32" box="[684,794,1403,1429]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Hindwing</emphasis>
|
||
colour and markings similar to forewing; basal half of costal margin paler; discocellular dot smaller.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB68948A9085DFA1E" box="[671,788,1439,1465]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Underside</emphasis>
|
||
dark yellow with chestnut-brown irroration especially on the basal half of the forewing, markings as on upper side, darker, prominent, chestnut-brown and without antemedial line; inner margin pale yellow and without irroration. Discocellular dot prominent, dark black and slightly elongated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF9FFAAB4894B3D0BBDF981" box="[159,244,1547,1574]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–28" captionStartId="17.[151,265,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,181,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-18@17.[200,1387,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 17–28. Habitus images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 17. R. pelloniaria (17a–17b: Male, Holotype, NHMUK). 18. R. khasiana (18a–18b: Female, Syntype, NHMUK). 19–22. R. stigmatica (19a–19b: Male, 20a–20b: Female, 21a–21b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK, 22a–22b: Female, Syntype, NHMUK). 23–26. R. tristrigalis (23a–23b: Male, 24a–24b: Female, 25a–25b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK, 26a–26b: Female, Syntype, NHMUK). 27–28. R. vinacearia (27a–27b: Female, 28a–28b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915538" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915538/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF9FFAAB4D14B1908A5F97D" blockId="18.[151,1437,935,2042]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB4D14B190ACFF9EE" box="[199,390,1583,1609]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF9FFAAB5824B190AA1F9EE" box="[404,488,1583,1609]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–62" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[237,1350,191,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[229,1359,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 48–62. Male genitalia images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 48–54. Male 8th Abdominal Sternite. 48. R. borealis, 49. R. cinerascens*, 50. R. herbicolens, 51. R. pelloniaria, 52. R. stigmatica, 53. R. tristrigalis, 54. T. prasonaria trilineata. 55–62. Female genitalia images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 55. R. borealis, 56. R. cinerascens*, 57. R. herbicolens, 58. R. pelloniaria, 59. R. stigmatica, 60. R. tristrigalis, 61. R. vinacearia, 62. T. prasonaria trilineata. *Specimens and genitalia slide at ZSM-SNSB, Munich; slides and photos prepared by Dr Axel Hausmann." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915546" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915546/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
|
||
): Papillae anales oval, setose, distal margins with a small central concavity; posterior apophyses three times the length of anterior apophyses. Ductus bursae comparatively shorter than the corpus bursae, strongly sclerotised, except for a non-slerotised submedian area, wider with a moderately acute protrusion near antrum. Corpus bursae membranous, ovally-elongated, signum collar-shaped signum next to the junction with ductus bursae. 7
|
||
<superScript id="7C6F9BCDFFF9FFAAB55A4B890A10F96A" attach="left" box="[332,345,1727,1741]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">th</superScript>
|
||
sternite sclerotised, posterior margin smooth and concave.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C300650EFFF9FFABB4D14BD50F67FF73" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF9FFABB4D14BD50F67FF73" blockId="18.[151,1437,935,2042]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,150,1005]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB4D14BD50A9DF95A" bold="true" box="[199,468,1763,1789]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Differential diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF9FFAAB5C94BD20932F95A" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[479,635,1764,1789]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vinacearia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB5C94BD20932F95A" box="[479,635,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">R. vinacearia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF9FFAAB74D4BD20891F95A" box="[859,984,1763,1789]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB74D4BD20891F95A" box="[859,984,1763,1789]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">R. similata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF9FFAAB0014BD20FF9F95A" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1889" box="[1047,1200,1764,1789]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigmatica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB0014BD20FF9F95A" box="[1047,1200,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">R. stigmatica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF9FFAAB0D54BD50E04F959" box="[1219,1357,1763,1790]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–28" captionStartId="17.[151,265,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,181,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-18@17.[200,1387,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 17–28. Habitus images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 17. R. pelloniaria (17a–17b: Male, Holotype, NHMUK). 18. R. khasiana (18a–18b: Female, Syntype, NHMUK). 19–22. R. stigmatica (19a–19b: Male, 20a–20b: Female, 21a–21b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK, 22a–22b: Female, Syntype, NHMUK). 23–26. R. tristrigalis (23a–23b: Male, 24a–24b: Female, 25a–25b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK, 26a–26b: Female, Syntype, NHMUK). 27–28. R. vinacearia (27a–27b: Female, 28a–28b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915538" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915538/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Figs. 19–22</figureCitation>
|
||
) in its external appearance. However, it is distinguishable by the discocellular dot, larger than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF9FFAAB07E4A3E0FA8F886" box="[1128,1249,1799,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB07E4A3E0FA8F886" box="[1128,1249,1799,1825]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">R. similata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but smaller than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF9FFAAB4814A1A0A82F8E1" authority="(Prout 1938)" baseAuthorityName="Prout" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[151,459,1836,1862]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigmatica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB4814A1A0A67F8E2" box="[151,302,1836,1861]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">R. stigmatica</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B74FFF9FFAAB5294A1A0A8AF8E1" author="Prout, L. B." box="[319,451,1836,1862]" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" pagination="1920 - 1941" refId="ref22189" refString="Prout, L. B. (1938) The Indo-Australian Geometridae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), The Macrolepidoptera of the Indo-Australian Fauna. Vol. 12. Verlag A. Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 1 - 356, pls. 1 - 41 + 50. [1920 - 1941]" type="journal article" year="1938">Prout 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; postmedial line comparatively more outwardly curved (than the two species) below costa while strongly incurved on the posterior half near inner margin with the concolourous outer shade more obsolescent towards costa (distinct throughout in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF9FFAAB6C54A420806F82A" box="[723,847,1907,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB6C54A420806F82A" box="[723,847,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">R. similata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and replaced by a single, distinct line followed by traces of a very indistinct shade giving an impression of the outer margin of the postmedial band in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF9FFAAB0EE4AAE0EC5F816" baseAuthorityName="Prout" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[1272,1420,1944,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigmatica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF9FFAAB0EE4AAE0EC5F816" box="[1272,1420,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">R. stigmatica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The female genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF9FFAAB5804A8D0AA2F872" box="[406,491,1979,2005]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–62" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[237,1350,191,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[229,1359,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 48–62. Male genitalia images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 48–54. Male 8th Abdominal Sternite. 48. R. borealis, 49. R. cinerascens*, 50. R. herbicolens, 51. R. pelloniaria, 52. R. stigmatica, 53. R. tristrigalis, 54. T. prasonaria trilineata. 55–62. Female genitalia images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 55. R. borealis, 56. R. cinerascens*, 57. R. herbicolens, 58. R. pelloniaria, 59. R. stigmatica, 60. R. tristrigalis, 61. R. vinacearia, 62. T. prasonaria trilineata. *Specimens and genitalia slide at ZSM-SNSB, Munich; slides and photos prepared by Dr Axel Hausmann." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915546" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915546/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
|
||
) is characterised by a distinct rather acute protrusion near antrum; comparatively deep and narrow central concavity on the posterior margin of the papillae anales; posterior margin of the 7
|
||
<superScript id="7C6F9BCDFFF9FFAAB1214AE90E0DF84A" attach="left" box="[1335,1348,2015,2029]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="77">th</superScript>
|
||
sternite smooth and concave (irregular in
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB6064DA109E3FF17" box="[528,682,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB6064DA109EFFF17" baseAuthorityName="Prout" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[528,678,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigmatica">R. stigmatica</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF8FFABB6A74DA1084DFF16" box="[689,772,150,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–62" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[237,1350,191,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[229,1359,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 48–62. Male genitalia images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 48–54. Male 8th Abdominal Sternite. 48. R. borealis, 49. R. cinerascens*, 50. R. herbicolens, 51. R. pelloniaria, 52. R. stigmatica, 53. R. tristrigalis, 54. T. prasonaria trilineata. 55–62. Female genitalia images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 55. R. borealis, 56. R. cinerascens*, 57. R. herbicolens, 58. R. pelloniaria, 59. R. stigmatica, 60. R. tristrigalis, 61. R. vinacearia, 62. T. prasonaria trilineata. *Specimens and genitalia slide at ZSM-SNSB, Munich; slides and photos prepared by Dr Axel Hausmann." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915546" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915546/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
|
||
); ductus bursae with small, non-sclerotised submedian area (sclerotised throughout and strongly bent medially in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB6E64D8D0F69FF72" authority=", Cui et al. 2019" authorityName="Cui" authorityYear="2019" box="[752,1056,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB6E64D8D0839FF72" box="[752,880,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">R. similata,</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B74FFF8FFABB76E4D8D0F69FF72" author="Cui, L. & Xue, D. & Jiang, N." box="[888,1056,187,213]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" pagination="337 - 353" refId="ref20976" refString="Cui, L., Xue, D. & Jiang, N. (2019) Description of two new species of Rhodostrophia Hubner, 1823 from China (Lepidoptera, geometridae). Zootaxa, 4563 (2), 337 - 353. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4563.2.7" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Cui
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB7B14D8D0896FF72" box="[935,991,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C300650EFFF8FFABB4D14DE8095CFEE6" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF8FFABB4D14DE80A61FEBA" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,1005]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB4D14DE80AF3FF5F" bold="true" box="[199,442,222,248]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">
|
||
Distribution:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D7615FFF8FFABB5674DE80AFCFF5F" box="[369,437,222,248]" name="India" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF867FFF8FFABB5DE4DE90915FF5E" box="[456,604,223,249]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B74FFF8FFABB6644DE909B3FF5E" author="Prout, L. B." box="[626,762,223,249]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" pagination="1912 - 1916" refId="ref22131" refString="Prout, L. B. (1913) The Palaearctic Geometrae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), The Macrolepidoptera of the World. Vol. 4. Verlag A. Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 1 - 479, pls. 1 - 25. [1912 - 1916]" type="book chapter" year="1913">Prout 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B74FFF8FFABB71A4DE90801FF5E" author="Prout, L. B." box="[780,840,223,249]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" pagination="1920 - 1941" refId="ref22189" refString="Prout, L. B. (1938) The Indo-Australian Geometridae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), The Macrolepidoptera of the Indo-Australian Fauna. Vol. 12. Verlag A. Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 1 - 356, pls. 1 - 41 + 50. [1920 - 1941]" type="journal article" year="1938">1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF867FFF8FFABB7744DE90897FF5E" box="[866,990,223,249]" country="India" name="Meghalaya" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Meghalaya</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Joshi
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB02B4DE90F34FF5E" box="[1085,1149,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021).
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB0F74DE90E2DFF5E" bold="true" box="[1249,1380,223,249]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Elsewhere:</emphasis>
|
||
Not documented.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF8FFABB4D14C10095CFEE6" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,1005]" box="[199,533,294,321]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB4D14C100A21FEE6" bold="true" box="[199,360,294,321]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Genetic data:</emphasis>
|
||
Not generated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C300650EFFF8FFABB4D14C7C0899FE52" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF8FFABB4D14C7C0899FE52" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,1005]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB4D14C7C0A04FEC3" bold="true" box="[199,333,330,356]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Bionomics:</emphasis>
|
||
The life history and larval stages of this species have not yet been documented. The earlier (only) documentation of adults was from the Eastern parts (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF867FFF8FFABB6E84C5908D9FE2E" box="[766,912,367,393]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF867FFF8FFABB7DB4C590F02FE2E" box="[973,1099,367,393]" country="India" name="Meghalaya" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Meghalaya</collectingRegion>
|
||
) of the IHR. This is the first documentation of this species from the Western Himalayan region, that is, the DMR. However, in our field surveys, we observed only a single female specimen flying in the Tropical Dry deciduous forests (5B/C2) (with few pine trees scattered in the adjoining areas) in the
|
||
<quantity id="4CE29B60FFF8FFABB6924CED0856FE52" box="[644,799,475,501]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="1550.0" valueMax="1700.0" valueMin="1400.0">1400–1700 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation zone.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C300650EFFF8FFABB4D14CC90B86FC4A" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA53685FFF8FFABB4D14CC90B86FC4A" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,1005]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB4D14CC90A74FDBE" bold="true" box="[199,317,511,537]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
The above description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB6684CC90852FDBF" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[638,795,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vinacearia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB6684CC90852FDBF" box="[638,795,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">R. vinacearia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is based on a single female specimen in the primary collection from the North Western Himalayan region (DMR). The specimen was identified under the species name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB4814F710A66FDC7" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[151,303,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vinacearia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB4814F710A66FDC7" box="[151,303,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">R. vinacearia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as it differs from the two other closely related species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB7884F710F7AFDC7" baseAuthorityName="Prout" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[926,1075,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigmatica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB7884F710F7AFDC7" box="[926,1075,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">R. stigmatica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(discussed in this study) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB1924F710BB8FD22" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB1924F710BB8FD22" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">R. similata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(discussed and illustrated from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D7615FFF8FFABB6494F5D09EBFD22" box="[607,674,619,645]" name="China" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B74FFF8FFABB6D94F5D0836FD22" author="Cui, L. & Xue, D. & Jiang, N." box="[719,895,619,645]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" pagination="337 - 353" refId="ref20976" refString="Cui, L., Xue, D. & Jiang, N. (2019) Description of two new species of Rhodostrophia Hubner, 1823 from China (Lepidoptera, geometridae). Zootaxa, 4563 (2), 337 - 353. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4563.2.7" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Cui
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB7164F5D0873FD22" box="[768,826,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Also, according to the species description and diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB5354FB90AF1FD0F" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[291,440,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vinacearia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB5354FB90AF1FD0F" box="[291,440,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">R. vinacearia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
provided in the literature, the specimen seems to resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB0294FB90F9DFD0F" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[1087,1236,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vinacearia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB0294FB90F9DFD0F" box="[1087,1236,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">R. vinacearia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
more closely than the other two species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B74FFF8FFABB5824F850978FD6A" author="Moore, F." box="[404,561,691,717]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" refId="ref21851" refString="Moore, F. (1867) On Lepidoptera insects of Bengal. Part III. In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. Academic Press, London, pp. 1097." type="journal volume" year="1867">Moore (1867)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the species based on a male specimen, and the original description was very short and generalistic. Also, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A18827FFF8FFABB6924FE109AFFD56" box="[644,742,727,753]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF8FFABB6EF4FE10807FD56" box="[761,846,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–28" captionStartId="17.[151,265,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,181,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-18@17.[200,1387,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 17–28. Habitus images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 17. R. pelloniaria (17a–17b: Male, Holotype, NHMUK). 18. R. khasiana (18a–18b: Female, Syntype, NHMUK). 19–22. R. stigmatica (19a–19b: Male, 20a–20b: Female, 21a–21b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK, 22a–22b: Female, Syntype, NHMUK). 23–26. R. tristrigalis (23a–23b: Male, 24a–24b: Female, 25a–25b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK, 26a–26b: Female, Syntype, NHMUK). 27–28. R. vinacearia (27a–27b: Female, 28a–28b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915538" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915538/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
) appears to be more similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB0D24FE10E15FD57" baseAuthorityName="Prout" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[1220,1372,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigmatica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB0D24FE10E15FD57" box="[1220,1372,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">R. stigmatica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A00FFF8FFABB1794FE10BABFCB2" captionStart="FIGURES 17–28" captionStartId="17.[151,265,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,181,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-18@17.[200,1387,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 17–28. Habitus images of Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia spp. 17. R. pelloniaria (17a–17b: Male, Holotype, NHMUK). 18. R. khasiana (18a–18b: Female, Syntype, NHMUK). 19–22. R. stigmatica (19a–19b: Male, 20a–20b: Female, 21a–21b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK, 22a–22b: Female, Syntype, NHMUK). 23–26. R. tristrigalis (23a–23b: Male, 24a–24b: Female, 25a–25b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK, 26a–26b: Female, Syntype, NHMUK). 27–28. R. vinacearia (27a–27b: Female, 28a–28b: Male, Syntype, NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13915538" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13915538/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Fig. 19–22</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B74FFF8FFABB4E04FCD0AC6FCB2" author="Butler, A. G." box="[246,399,763,789]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" pagination="121 - 138" refId="ref20898" refString="Butler, A. G. (1889) Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the Collection of the British Museum. Part 7. Order of the Trustees, London, 176 pp., pls. 121 - 138." type="book chapter" year="1889">Butler (1889)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
independently described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB6A54FCD0800FCB3" baseAuthorityName="Prout" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[691,841,763,788]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigmatica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB6A54FCD0800FCB3" box="[691,841,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">R. stigmatica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Dharamshala,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DEF867FFF8FFABB0224FCD0E4FFCB2" box="[1076,1286,763,789]" country="India" name="Himachal Pradesh" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">Himachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D7615FFF8FFABB1044FCD0E06FCB2" box="[1298,1359,763,789]" name="India" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Later,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B74FFF8FFABB4814E290A6EFC9E" author="Prout, L. B." box="[151,295,799,825]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" pagination="1912 - 1916" refId="ref22131" refString="Prout, L. B. (1913) The Palaearctic Geometrae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), The Macrolepidoptera of the World. Vol. 4. Verlag A. Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 1 - 479, pls. 1 - 25. [1912 - 1916]" type="book chapter" year="1913">Prout (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found a similarity between the type of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB6FA4E2908CCFC9F" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[748,901,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vinacearia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB6FA4E2908CCFC9F" box="[748,901,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">R. vinacearia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the specimens of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB0904E290E6BFC9F" box="[1158,1314,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB0904E290E57FC9F" baseAuthorityName="Prout" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[1158,1310,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigmatica">R. stigmatica</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and based on the prioritisation, the former was considered the valid name and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB7B24E750F50FCFB" baseAuthorityName="Prout" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[932,1049,835,860]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigmatica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB7B24E750F50FCFB" box="[932,1049,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">stigmatica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the aberration. However, upon further examination of both species, they were further separated as independent species by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B74FFF8FFABB09A4E510E57FC26" author="Prout, L. B." box="[1164,1310,871,897]" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" pagination="1920 - 1941" refId="ref22189" refString="Prout, L. B. (1938) The Indo-Australian Geometridae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), The Macrolepidoptera of the Indo-Australian Fauna. Vol. 12. Verlag A. Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 1 - 356, pls. 1 - 41 + 50. [1920 - 1941]" type="journal article" year="1938">Prout (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Therefore, in future research, one should consider the comprehensive examinations of both the type and other specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D06FFF8FFABB4814E990A66FC6F" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[151,303,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rhodostrophia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vinacearia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA97FFF8FFABB4814E990A66FC6F" box="[151,303,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="78">R. vinacearia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the NHMUK collection to evaluate the validity of the species and potential re-designation of the type.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |