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<document id="FDCB04B882DABF50A60A8E3D4A4B3395" ID-CLB-Dataset="102839" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.555.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="947781ac-a9a2-443c-bdfd-5c88dac6ea0e" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6875613" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1658413909071" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wadmare, Neha &amp; Karthick, Balasubramanian" docDate="2022" docId="E93BC556FFF3DA6C1DDBC38DE1EA7AE0" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.555.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 555 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.555.1.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B. Karthick 2022, nom. nov., stat. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="48" masterDocId="1502BD2EFFF6DA6A1D53C313E3207834" masterDocTitle="Revisiting two Stauroneis Ehrenberg (Bacillariophyta) from H. P. Gandhi’s Diatom collection: Notes on Ultrastructure, Types and Nomenclature" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="42" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1699359892745" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="A68434677AF029EB15E8C33250C177E8">Revisiting two Stauroneis Ehrenberg (Bacillariophyta) from H. P. Gandhi’s Diatom collection: Notes on Ultrastructure, Types and Nomenclature</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="367FBC021080989B7533343D7ADD6947">Wadmare, Neha</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="89EDC98930835972BC4024E8911882FF" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1188-3489</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="F80B75FC82E42106689FD196CE7178BD">Biodiversity and Palaeobiology, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India- 411004 &amp; Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India- 411007 &amp; nehawadmare @ aripune. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1188 - 3489</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BA7281A76CA670437873426CC1C71BB0" type="email">nehawadmare@aripune.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="7E9787E6333023549DC42CF3FC43008C">Karthick, Balasubramanian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="02E060534D45E2312EF440CC7A372CE6">Biodiversity and Palaeobiology, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India- 411004 &amp; Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India- 411007 &amp; karthickbala @ aripune. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4066 - 2458</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F154B2B4B0954B5339E9BFBEDB860733" type="email">karthickbala@aripune.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="2E2099EF65EE9EA0BEE4565BA9198C2E">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="8C1B24F0A6452C2E4445F5D34DBB5270">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BA11E8A966F4B5CE60F09278BA271BDC">2022-07-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4D8DD82CCB68D462D3DF3770F0C93A00">555</mods:number>
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<treatment id="E93BC556FFF3DA6C1DDBC38DE1EA7AE0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6886191" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197841491" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6886191" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E93BC556FFF3DA6C1DDBC38DE1EA7AE0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E93BC556FFF3DA6C1DDBC38DE1EA7AE0" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
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<heading id="3A65C32CFFF3DA6F1DDBC38DE3DD78EF" bold="true" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" reason="1">
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1DDBC38DE3DD78EF" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="A6920FC3FFF3DA6F1DDBC38DE1C77883" authority="Wadmare &amp; B. Karthick" authorityName="Wadmare &amp; B. Karthick" authorityYear="2022" box="[136,743,157,184]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Stauroneidaceae" genus="Stauroneis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="dharwarensis" status="nom. nov., stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1DDBC38DE28D788C" bold="true" box="[136,429,157,184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Stauroneis dharwarensis</emphasis>
Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick
</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1FA0C38DE006788C" bold="true" box="[755,806,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">nom</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1E69C38DE044788C" bold="true" box="[826,868,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">nov</emphasis>
.,
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1E2CC38DE087788C" bold="true" box="[895,935,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">stat</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1EE8C38DE0C5788C" bold="true" box="[955,997,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="F9A968C5FFF3DA6F1952C38EE7A8788C" box="[1025,1160,157,184]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 19–31" captionStart-1="FIGURES 32–36" captionStart-2="FIGURES 37–41" captionStartId-0="5.[136,243,853,875]" captionStartId-1="5.[136,243,1981,2003]" captionStartId-2="7.[136,243,1041,1063]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,461,829]" captionTargetBox-1="[237,1350,973,1956]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,190,1017]" captionTargetId-0="figure-118@5.[151,1435,461,829]" captionTargetId-1="figure-170@5.[237,1350,973,1956]" captionTargetId-2="figure-24@7.[151,1435,190,1017]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionText-0="FIGURES 19–31. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., 19. Original illustration of Gandhi (1959a: 104, 105, Fig. 25). 20–31. Light micrographs (DIC) from the type material (AHMA Sr 48), Fig. 24 represents the lectotype. Scale bar = 10 µm." captionText-1="FIGURES 32–36. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., SEM, external valve views. 32, 36. External views of an entire valve. 33. Stauros with tear-drop central raphe ends. 34, 35. Deflected terminal raphe fissures. Scale bars = 4 µm (Figs 32–36)." captionText-2="FIGURES 37–41. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., SEM, internal valve views. 37, 38. Internal views of an entire valve. 37, 39.Apices showing terminal raphe fissures as helictoglossae. 40. Stauros thick bearing deflected central raphe ends. 39–41. Areolae with hymen layer. Scale bars = 4 µm (Figs 37–41)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875625" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875629" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875631" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6875625/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6875629/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6875631/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Figs 19–41</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F9A968C5FFF3DA6F19C8C38EE7D1788C" box="[1179,1265,157,184]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–31" captionStartId="5.[136,243,853,875]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,461,829]" captionTargetId="figure-118@5.[151,1435,461,829]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 19–31. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., 19. Original illustration of Gandhi (1959a: 104, 105, Fig. 25). 20–31. Light micrographs (DIC) from the type material (AHMA Sr 48), Fig. 24 represents the lectotype. Scale bar = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875625" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6875625/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
represents the
<typeStatus id="BE29CAE2FFF3DA6F1DDBC3D2E3D578EF" box="[136,245,193,219]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="298827CBFFF3DA6F1DDBC21EE2BC7972" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="612D7440FFF3DA6F1DDBC21EE2BC7972" blockId="5.[136,1452,269,435]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1DDBC21EE3CD7917" bold="true" box="[136,237,269,291]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Basionym</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="A6920FC3FFF3DA6F1C5FC21DE13C7916" authority="H. P. Gandhi" authorityName="H. P. Gandhi" box="[268,540,269,291]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Stauroneidaceae" form="indica" genus="Stauroneis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="form" species="anceps">
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1C5FC21DE29F7917" box="[268,447,270,291]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Stauroneis anceps</emphasis>
f.
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1CB3C21EE13C7916" box="[480,540,269,290]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="050309B1FFF3DA6F1F11C21EE1F07917" author="Gandhi, H. P." box="[578,720,269,291]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" pagination="98 - 116" refId="ref6075" refString="Gandhi, H. P. (1959 a) The freshwater diatom flora from Mugad, Dharwar District with some ecological notes. Ceylon Journal of Science (Biology Section) 2: 98 - 116." type="journal article" year="1959">Gandhi 1959a</bibRefCitation>
,
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1F8EC21EE7BA7917" box="[733,1178,269,291]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
<collectingCountry id="198534D0FFF3DA6F1F8EC21EE0017916" box="[733,801,269,290]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Ceylon</collectingCountry>
Journal of Science (Biology Section)
</emphasis>
, p. 104, 105, fig. 25 (here reproduced as
<figureCitation id="F9A968C5FFF3DA6F1C1AC222E2B07972" box="[329,400,305,327]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–31" captionStartId="5.[136,243,853,875]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,461,829]" captionTargetId="figure-118@5.[151,1435,461,829]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 19–31. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., 19. Original illustration of Gandhi (1959a: 104, 105, Fig. 25). 20–31. Light micrographs (DIC) from the type material (AHMA Sr 48), Fig. 24 represents the lectotype. Scale bar = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875625" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6875625/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="298827CBFFF3DA6F1DDBC246E64C7986" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="612D7440FFF3DA6F1DDBC246E16679BB" blockId="5.[136,1452,269,435]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1DDBC246E39A795E" bold="true" box="[136,186,341,362]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Type</emphasis>
:—
<materialsCitation id="D1FA7E1DFFF3DA6F1D84C245E16179BA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3864843303" collectingDate="1949-08-14" collectorName="Mr. H. P. Gandhi" country="India" latitude="15.443" location="Dharwar" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="74.912" municipality="Dharwar" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Karnataka">
<collectingCountry id="198534D0FFF3DA6F1D84C245E200795F" box="[215,288,342,363]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">INDIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="8149EE3AFFF3DA6F1C7BC246E25E795F" box="[296,382,341,363]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Dharwar</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="A356BAA2FFF3DA6F1CD4C246E2CD795F" box="[391,493,341,363]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
.
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pools from paddy and millet fields watercourses during rains,
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,
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.
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<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1D8BC269E3D579BB" box="[216,245,378,399]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Mr</emphasis>
.
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.
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.
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1C60C26AE25B79BA" box="[307,379,377,398]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Gandhi</emphasis>
</collectorName>
on
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<collectingDate id="0568AB68FFF3DA6F1CCCC26AE16179BA" box="[415,577,377,399]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" value="1949-08-14">
14
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August 1949
</emphasis>
</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="612D7440FFF3DA6F1DDBC28EE64C7986" blockId="5.[136,1452,269,435]" box="[136,1388,413,435]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
<materialsCitation id="D1FA7E1DFFF3DA6F1DDBC28EE64C7986" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3864843304" box="[136,1388,413,435]" collectionCode="AHMA" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1DDBC28EE2847987" bold="true" box="[136,420,413,435]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
<typeStatus id="BE29CAE2FFF3DA6F1DDBC28EE3CD7986" box="[136,237,413,434]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
(designated here)
</emphasis>
:—Agharkar Research Institute (
<collectionCode id="0783EC85FFF3DA6F1F8FC28EE0087986" box="[732,808,413,434]" country="India" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15265" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15265" name="Agharkar Research Institute, Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" type="Herbarium">AHMA</collectionCode>
) Gandhi Collection! Slide- Sr 48, here illustrated as
<figureCitation id="F9A968C5FFF3DA6F1872C28EE6487986" box="[1313,1384,413,435]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–31" captionStartId="5.[136,243,853,875]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,461,829]" captionTargetId="figure-118@5.[151,1435,461,829]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 19–31. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., 19. Original illustration of Gandhi (1959a: 104, 105, Fig. 25). 20–31. Light micrographs (DIC) from the type material (AHMA Sr 48), Fig. 24 represents the lectotype. Scale bar = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875625" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6875625/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="35ED24C8FFF3DA6F1DDBC046E38F7B87" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875625" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6875625" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6875625/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" startId="5.[136,243,853,875]" targetBox="[151,1435,461,829]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="612D7440FFF3DA6F1DDBC046E38F7B87" blockId="5.[136,1451,853,947]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1DDBC046E21B7B5E" bold="true" box="[136,315,853,875]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">FIGURES 19–31.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A6920FC3FFF3DA6F1C13C045E0367B5F" authority="Wadmare &amp; B. Karthick" authorityName="Wadmare &amp; B. Karthick" authorityYear="2022" box="[320,790,853,875]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Stauroneidaceae" genus="Stauroneis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="dharwarensis" status="nom. nov., stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1C13C045E10D7B5E" box="[320,557,853,875]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Stauroneis dharwarensis</emphasis>
Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="48D51529FFF3DA6F1E48C045E0FA7B5F" box="[795,986,854,875]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1E48C045E0647B5F" box="[795,836,854,875]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">nom</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1E03C045E0537B5F" box="[848,883,854,875]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">nov</emphasis>
.,
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1ED7C045E0877B5F" box="[900,935,854,875]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">stat</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1EE1C045E0F57B5F" box="[946,981,854,875]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, 19. Original illustration of
<bibRefCitation id="050309B1FFF3DA6F19B5C046E6877B5E" author="Gandhi, H. P." box="[1254,1447,853,875]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" pagination="98 - 116" refId="ref6075" refString="Gandhi, H. P. (1959 a) The freshwater diatom flora from Mugad, Dharwar District with some ecological notes. Ceylon Journal of Science (Biology Section) 2: 98 - 116." type="journal article" year="1959">Gandhi (1959a: 104</bibRefCitation>
, 105, Fig. 25). 20–31. Light micrographs (DIC) from the type material (AHMA Sr 48), Fig. 24 represents the lectotype. Scale bar = 10 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="35ED24C8FFF3DA6F1DDBC4AEE3F3702F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875629" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6875629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6875629/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" startId="5.[136,243,1981,2003]" targetBox="[237,1350,973,1956]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="612D7440FFF3DA6F1DDBC4AEE3F3702F" blockId="5.[136,1452,1981,2075]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1DDBC4AEE21C7FE6" bold="true" box="[136,316,1981,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">FIGURES 32–36.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A6920FC3FFF3DA6F1C17C4AEE0017FE7" authority="Wadmare &amp; B. Karthick" authorityName="Wadmare &amp; B. Karthick" authorityYear="2022" box="[324,801,1981,2003]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Stauroneidaceae" genus="Stauroneis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="dharwarensis" status="nom. nov., stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1C17C4AEE1137FE6" box="[324,563,1981,2002]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Stauroneis dharwarensis</emphasis>
Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="48D51529FFF3DA6F1E7BC4AEE0CC7FE6" box="[808,1004,1981,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1E7BC4AEE0717FE6" box="[808,849,1981,2002]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">nom</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1E0CC4AEE0A27FE6" box="[863,898,1981,2002]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">nov</emphasis>
.,
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1EC6C4AEE0987FE6" box="[917,952,1981,2002]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">stat</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF3DA6F1E96C4AEE0C87FE6" box="[965,1000,1981,2002]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, SEM, external valve views. 32, 36. External views of an entire valve. 33. Stauros with tear-drop central raphe ends. 34, 35. Deflected terminal raphe fissures. Scale bars = 4 µm (Figs 32–36).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="298827CBFFF0DA6C1DDBC38DE0A07A14" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" type="description">
<paragraph id="612D7440FFF0DA6C1DDBC38DE23B797C" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,725]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF0DA6C1DDBC38DE232788C" bold="true" box="[136,274,158,184]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Description</emphasis>
:—LM (
<figureCitation id="F9A968C5FFF0DA6C1C21C38DE2D8788C" box="[370,504,158,184]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–31" captionStartId="5.[136,243,853,875]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,461,829]" captionTargetId="figure-118@5.[151,1435,461,829]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 19–31. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., 19. Original illustration of Gandhi (1959a: 104, 105, Fig. 25). 20–31. Light micrographs (DIC) from the type material (AHMA Sr 48), Fig. 24 represents the lectotype. Scale bar = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875625" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6875625/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Figs 19–31</figureCitation>
): Valves broadly lanceolate with constricted, subrostrate to rostrate apices. Length 32.0–64.0 µm, breadth 12.0–15.0 µm. Axial area narrow, widening at centre. Stauros bow-tie shaped, widening towards valve margin. Raphe slightly coarse with straight central raphe ends, terminal raphe fissures unilaterally deflected. Striae strongly radial punctate, 17–19/10 µm. Areolae punctate to transapically elongated, discernible in LM. (n= 36).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="612D7440FFF0DA6C1DEEC241E0A07A14" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,725]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">
SEM (
<figureCitation id="F9A968C5FFF0DA6C1C56C241E2A97958" box="[261,393,338,364]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 32–36" captionStart-1="FIGURES 37–41" captionStartId-0="5.[136,243,1981,2003]" captionStartId-1="7.[136,243,1041,1063]" captionTargetBox-0="[237,1350,973,1956]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,190,1017]" captionTargetId-0="figure-170@5.[237,1350,973,1956]" captionTargetId-1="figure-24@7.[151,1435,190,1017]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="FIGURES 32–36. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., SEM, external valve views. 32, 36. External views of an entire valve. 33. Stauros with tear-drop central raphe ends. 34, 35. Deflected terminal raphe fissures. Scale bars = 4 µm (Figs 32–36)." captionText-1="FIGURES 37–41. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., SEM, internal valve views. 37, 38. Internal views of an entire valve. 37, 39.Apices showing terminal raphe fissures as helictoglossae. 40. Stauros thick bearing deflected central raphe ends. 39–41. Areolae with hymen layer. Scale bars = 4 µm (Figs 37–41)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875629" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875631" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6875629/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6875631/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Figs 32–41</figureCitation>
): Externally (
<figureCitation id="F9A968C5FFF0DA6C1F4DC241E1807958" box="[542,672,338,364]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–36" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1981,2003]" captionTargetBox="[237,1350,973,1956]" captionTargetId="figure-170@5.[237,1350,973,1956]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 32–36. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., SEM, external valve views. 32, 36. External views of an entire valve. 33. Stauros with tear-drop central raphe ends. 34, 35. Deflected terminal raphe fissures. Scale bars = 4 µm (Figs 32–36)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6875629/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Figs 32–36</figureCitation>
), valves linear-lanceolate with axial area narrow throughout but wider at centre (
<figureCitation id="F9A968C5FFF0DA6C1DA8C265E2A379A4" box="[251,387,374,400]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–36" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1981,2003]" captionTargetBox="[237,1350,973,1956]" captionTargetId="figure-170@5.[237,1350,973,1956]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 32–36. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., SEM, external valve views. 32, 36. External views of an entire valve. 33. Stauros with tear-drop central raphe ends. 34, 35. Deflected terminal raphe fissures. Scale bars = 4 µm (Figs 32–36)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6875629/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Figs 32, 36</figureCitation>
). Central raphe ends tear-drop shaped (
<figureCitation id="F9A968C5FFF0DA6C1E14C265E0EE79A4" box="[839,974,374,400]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–36" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1981,2003]" captionTargetBox="[237,1350,973,1956]" captionTargetId="figure-170@5.[237,1350,973,1956]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 32–36. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., SEM, external valve views. 32, 36. External views of an entire valve. 33. Stauros with tear-drop central raphe ends. 34, 35. Deflected terminal raphe fissures. Scale bars = 4 µm (Figs 32–36)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6875629/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Figs 32, 33</figureCitation>
). Terminal raphe fissures continuing onto mantle (
<figureCitation id="F9A968C5FFF0DA6C1DB6C289E24B7981" box="[229,363,410,437]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–36" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1981,2003]" captionTargetBox="[237,1350,973,1956]" captionTargetId="figure-170@5.[237,1350,973,1956]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 32–36. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., SEM, external valve views. 32, 36. External views of an entire valve. 33. Stauros with tear-drop central raphe ends. 34, 35. Deflected terminal raphe fissures. Scale bars = 4 µm (Figs 32–36)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6875629/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Figs 34, 35</figureCitation>
). Striae uniseriate, composed of transapically elongated areolae,
<quantity id="A66AD9A5FFF0DA6C1902C289E7967980" box="[1105,1206,410,436]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.604" metricValueMax="7.112" metricValueMin="6.096" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" unit="in" value="26.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="24.0">24–28 in</quantity>
10 µm (
<figureCitation id="F9A968C5FFF0DA6C1849C289E6BF7981" box="[1306,1439,410,437]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–36" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1981,2003]" captionTargetBox="[237,1350,973,1956]" captionTargetId="figure-170@5.[237,1350,973,1956]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 32–36. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., SEM, external valve views. 32, 36. External views of an entire valve. 33. Stauros with tear-drop central raphe ends. 34, 35. Deflected terminal raphe fissures. Scale bars = 4 µm (Figs 32–36)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6875629/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Figs 33–35</figureCitation>
). Internally (
<figureCitation id="F9A968C5FFF0DA6C1C50C2ADE2A479EC" box="[259,388,446,472]" captionStart="FIGURES 37–41" captionStartId="7.[136,243,1041,1063]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1017]" captionTargetId="figure-24@7.[151,1435,190,1017]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 37–41. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., SEM, internal valve views. 37, 38. Internal views of an entire valve. 37, 39.Apices showing terminal raphe fissures as helictoglossae. 40. Stauros thick bearing deflected central raphe ends. 39–41. Areolae with hymen layer. Scale bars = 4 µm (Figs 37–41)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875631" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6875631/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Figs 37–41</figureCitation>
), stauros broad, thickened and expanded (
<figureCitation id="F9A968C5FFF0DA6C1E01C2ADE0DC79EC" box="[850,1020,446,472]" captionStart="FIGURES 37–41" captionStartId="7.[136,243,1041,1063]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1017]" captionTargetId="figure-24@7.[151,1435,190,1017]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 37–41. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., SEM, internal valve views. 37, 38. Internal views of an entire valve. 37, 39.Apices showing terminal raphe fissures as helictoglossae. 40. Stauros thick bearing deflected central raphe ends. 39–41. Areolae with hymen layer. Scale bars = 4 µm (Figs 37–41)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875631" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6875631/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Figs 37, 38, 40</figureCitation>
). Central raphe ends slightly deflected, terminating onto well-developed stauros (
<figureCitation id="F9A968C5FFF0DA6C1F0CC2F1E1C479C8" box="[607,740,482,508]" captionStart="FIGURES 37–41" captionStartId="7.[136,243,1041,1063]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1017]" captionTargetId="figure-24@7.[151,1435,190,1017]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 37–41. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., SEM, internal valve views. 37, 38. Internal views of an entire valve. 37, 39.Apices showing terminal raphe fissures as helictoglossae. 40. Stauros thick bearing deflected central raphe ends. 39–41. Areolae with hymen layer. Scale bars = 4 µm (Figs 37–41)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875631" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6875631/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Figs 38, 40</figureCitation>
). Terminal raphe fissures terminating onto helictoglossae (
<figureCitation id="F9A968C5FFF0DA6C1829C2F1E3F27A14" captionStart="FIGURES 37–41" captionStartId="7.[136,243,1041,1063]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1017]" captionTargetId="figure-24@7.[151,1435,190,1017]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 37–41. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., SEM, internal valve views. 37, 38. Internal views of an entire valve. 37, 39.Apices showing terminal raphe fissures as helictoglossae. 40. Stauros thick bearing deflected central raphe ends. 39–41. Areolae with hymen layer. Scale bars = 4 µm (Figs 37–41)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875631" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6875631/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Figs 38, 39</figureCitation>
). Striae radiate, areolae with hymen occlusions (
<figureCitation id="F9A968C5FFF0DA6C1FA2C115E0547A14" box="[753,884,518,544]" captionStart="FIGURES 37–41" captionStartId="7.[136,243,1041,1063]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1017]" captionTargetId="figure-24@7.[151,1435,190,1017]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 37–41. Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov., SEM, internal valve views. 37, 38. Internal views of an entire valve. 37, 39.Apices showing terminal raphe fissures as helictoglossae. 40. Stauros thick bearing deflected central raphe ends. 39–41. Areolae with hymen layer. Scale bars = 4 µm (Figs 37–41)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6875631" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6875631/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Figs 39–41</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="298827CBFFF0DA6C1DEEC139E7717AB8" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="612D7440FFF0DA6C1DEEC139E7717AB8" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,725]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF0DA6C1DEEC139E20A7A70" bold="true" box="[189,298,554,580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Remarks</emphasis>
:—Valve dimensions of the specimens examined in the present study have a wider size range than H. P. Gandhi in the original description- length 54.0–58.0 µm; width 14.4 µm (see
<tableCitation id="2C1041FBFFF0DA6C1EA3C15DE7677A5C" box="[1008,1095,590,616]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="6.[136,216,774,795]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of morphological characteristics of taxa similar to Stauroneis dharwarensis Wadmare &amp; B.Karthick nom. nov., stat. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/35ED24C8FFF0DA6C1DDBC015E3FF7B0B" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" tableUuid="35ED24C8FFF0DA6C1DDBC015E3FF7B0B">Table 2</tableCitation>
). This taxon is also observed in Sr 46, collected by H. P. Gandhi from the same site at the same time and date as Sr 48.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="298827CBFFF0DA6C1DEEC185E1EA7AE0" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="612D7440FFF0DA6C1DEEC185E1EA7AE0" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,725]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF0DA6C1DEEC185E21E7A84" bold="true" box="[189,318,662,688]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Etymology</emphasis>
:—The specific epithet “
<taxonomicName id="A6920FC3FFF0DA6C1F1CC185E1C67A84" authorityName="Wadmare &amp; B. Karthick" authorityYear="2022" box="[591,742,662,688]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Stauroneidaceae" genus="Stauroneis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="dharwarensis">
<emphasis id="53E6A852FFF0DA6C1F1CC185E1C67A84" box="[591,742,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">dharwarensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” refers to the
<typeStatus id="BE29CAE2FFF0DA6C1ED1C184E0927A85" box="[898,946,663,689]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
locality Mugad, Dharwar district,
<collectingRegion id="A356BAA2FFF0DA6C1862C185E6877A84" box="[1329,1447,662,688]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
, where H. P. Gandhi originally collected the sample.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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