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<mods:title id="341FC3155F2B083FF37B7988D52690AA">The Nevrorthidae, mistaken at all times: phylogeny and review of present knowledge (Holometabola, Neuropterida, Neuroptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5A53161ADC97C0C41C15A9E5C5295C5C">Aspoeck, Ulrike</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="9E45BB91A2184DF5D14A8193E319B99C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132650060" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9E45BB91A2184DF5D14A8193E319B99C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9E45BB91A2184DF5D14A8193E319B99C" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
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<paragraph id="3BB28AD2C36717D4A4549493EA108C92" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
<taxonomicName id="3A8AC194EEC57791CEE51154A45B4220" ID-CoL="47GZP" authority="Nakahara, 1958" authorityName="Nakahara" authorityYear="1958" class="Insecta" family="Nevrorthidae" genus="Nipponeurorthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nipponeurorthus pallidinervis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidinervis">
<pageBreakToken id="68AB2D97D97548EBDDAD1063E149BC86" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" start="start">Nipponeurorthus</pageBreakToken>
pallidinervis Nakahara, 1958
</taxonomicName>
Figs 4
<normalizedToken id="53A5254FA22E06C2000AD209A687A7DD" originalValue="fg">f-g</normalizedToken>
; 11
<normalizedToken id="99961C6D4A456E38032FB39733841887" originalValue="gk">g-k</normalizedToken>
; 16
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E270AAE01F2A269D1B01CD61120ABD75" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="206A43D5305D7AC44B1181CFBACC0BCA" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
<taxonomicName id="3C65DEF2A2D0B10D3C2BE14E51FAD42C" class="Insecta" family="Nevrorthidae" genus="Nipponeurorthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nipponeurorthus pallidinervis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidinervis">
<pageBreakToken id="835703F2E8100AB0E3704617136CF262" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" start="start">Nipponeurorthus</pageBreakToken>
pallidinervis
</taxonomicName>
Nakahara, 1958: 25 (odescr, figs: wing, gs male, female);
<bibRefCitation id="B154EE539B487C6EC9870B882F1355C0" author="Kuwayama, S" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects" pageId="20" pageNumber="97" pagination="325 - 412" title="A revisional synopsis of the Neuroptera in Japan." volume="4" year="1962">Kuwayama 1962</bibRefCitation>
(fig. body, wings);
<bibRefCitation id="DA6A9C52A84E0C76E8298FD9F5B2BAF6" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Zwick 1967</bibRefCitation>
(figs: gs female);
<bibRefCitation id="E98F50977BB97AC9D96E22D03B31FBA1" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Hayashi 2005</bibRefCitation>
(list, distr, figs); U.
<normalizedToken id="A870FD4E4CE063CE0FB678C0EE6E8804" originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
and H.
<normalizedToken id="D02973E83997FEF7EF394AEB3F77CDD5" originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
2008a (compmorphol, figs: gs male); U.
<normalizedToken id="F3225CCE376381DF4A5C1D3D41A9D121" originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
and H.
<normalizedToken id="02202F53F0D158392858419919CA3E87" originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
2008b (fig: distrmap);
<bibRefCitation id="5047E0BC5A71271BF890B295E7BBE093" author="Liu, XY" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="20" pageNumber="97" pagination="224 - 232" title="New species of the genus Nipponeurorthus Nakahara, 1958 (Neuroptera: Nevrorthidae) from China." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3838.2.7" volume="3838" year="2014">Liu et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
(key, fig: distrmap).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5A4234FF398BC8A5AC8D9C7167D68C25" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="96CBC89FF775AEA30C29E70CF74AF0C6" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B794383B7CCD6B21BFD3C731A421363F" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Japan (Hokkaido: Jozankei).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="05F46736F5D10108626818105AD246C6" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="male">
<paragraph id="CF76051E957CEE69E1E0B00E8C88FCCC" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Male.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6ADF7C199345AC19A0DDBB084098AA99" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Forewing length 8.8-9.8 mm, hindwing length 7.4-8.6 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B6889152547E7B835A1F832FA211F4A1" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Head yellow. Antennae yellow. Mouthparts yellow; mandibles with brownish tips.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3127406FF25E9BCB06DA51595A7837A7" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Thorax yellow. Legs yellow. Wings transparent, immaculate, with pterostigmatic areas yellow; longitudinal veins yellow; crossveins mostly dark brown, except for those on pterostigmatic areas yellow.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0DF99B058DA83F2648EF4DD84A9EF39E" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Abdomen yellow, dorsally purplish brown. Gonocoxite 9 robust on proximal half, with a small hairy tubercle on inner surface; distal half strongly incurved; gonostylus 9 spinous and unforked. Ectoproct broad, directed posteroventrad, with posterior margin slightly concaved, and with a pair of subtriangular ventral projection. Complex of gonocoxites + gonostyli + gonapophyses10 transversely broad; lateral arms nearly as long as distal projections, arcuate, medially with a pair of projections, which are straightly directed dorsad and widened on distal half; distal projections digitiform, straightly and parallelly directed dorsad with each other. Gonocoxites 11 present as a simple, transverse, sclerotized band; gonostyli 11 present as posteriorly bifurcated sclerite.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E54AB51B20FAD9891A0F8ADE72A6F44E" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="female">
<paragraph id="E26CE7A0C2C1A189C0BDA1591A2630C1" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Female.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9007F1F587C95C8B4C348959896F9A72" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Forewing length 9.1-11.4 mm, hindwing length 8.0-9.9 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3D6C3747780CF3618319700E4FC553A" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Fused gonocoxites 8 about 2.0 times as long as tergite 8, flatly plate-like. Gonapophyses 8 subtriangular, largely covered by gonocoxite 8, lateral margins distinctly sclerotized. Bursa copulatrix sac-like, suboval, slightly longer than tergite 8, with distal portion laterally expanded in ventral view, marginally and internally with several sclerotized bands.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6AC2F5F842CC6B2419A4C4E4FBFD110F" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B6644271AE9312DCF543B50D1B107E77" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Specimens examined and records published.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6CE97875E2DC0D1321011162341716CB" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Supplementary material 1. Holotype male (by original designation): Japan, &quot;Jozankei, Hokkaido, July 17-18, 1956, Waro Nakahara&quot; (NSMT).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1C5BC1D60F9C8023916934A6EC32B13A" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="324F3B4318260ED9B3DA44F460E39D8B" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Biology and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B8F82AE236386F78B6B028C2B5513DAD" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
Adults have been taken from
<normalizedToken id="8F0DD2870B499E7BCC12F9BC47DEB61D" originalValue="MayJuly">May-July</normalizedToken>
, most specimens were collected in July. No data concerning the vertical distribution are available. The larva is unknown, however,
<bibRefCitation id="BA975DF5C5B416096046FF67B8AC5701" author="Nakahara, W" journalOrPublisher="Mushi" pageId="20" pageNumber="97" pagination="19 - 32" title="The Neurorthinae, a new subfamily of the Sisyridae (Neuroptera)." volume="32" year="1958">Nakahara (1958)</bibRefCitation>
hypothesized an aquatic life style of the larva due to the findings of adults along rivers and brooks.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AC577686A9FB4AE7F5E3062236C0946F" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="818C320AFDE94699F38B12AAC39EF23E" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4851F218FF782BE795AD0C3F13770CAA" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Tsushima Island).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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