302 lines
27 KiB
XML
302 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5186674" ID-ISSN="1639-4798" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5186674" approvalRequired="33" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="30" approvalRequired_for_treatments="3" checkinTime="1628768458020" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Rogers, Zachary S." docDate="2005" docId="885D7354FFDC507174EEFB28FF2BFCF7" docLanguage="en" docName="Adansonia.27.2.89-111.pdf" docOrigin="Adansonia (3) 27 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:7E81836D30F26F6CECD5F7ABFAAC2CA1.1:Adansonia.2005-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="7E81836D30F26F6CECD5F7ABFAAC2CA1" docStyleName="Adansonia.2005-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Octolepis Oliv." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="93" masterDocId="74640B2CFFDE5075764AFFE9FFE6FFDA" masterDocTitle="A revision of Octolepis Oliv. (Thymelaeaceae, Octolepidoideae)" masterLastPageNumber="111" masterPageNumber="89" pageId="2" pageNumber="91" updateTime="1628769410060" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of Octolepis Oliv. (Thymelaeaceae, Octolepidoideae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rogers, Zachary S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Adansonia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2005</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="series">
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<mods:title>3</mods:title>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>27</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>89</mods:start>
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<mods:end>111</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5186674</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1639-4798</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5186674</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:885D7354FFDC507174EEFB28FF2BFCF7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/885D7354FFDC507174EEFB28FF2BFCF7" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="2" pageNumber="91">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="91" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[676,890,1217,1242]" box="[676,890,1217,1242]" pageId="2" pageNumber="91">
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<heading box="[676,890,1217,1242]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="91" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName authority="Oliv." box="[676,890,1217,1242]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[676,830,1217,1242]" pageId="2" pageNumber="91">OCTOLEPIS</emphasis>
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Oliv.
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[703,1081,1275,1298]" box="[703,1081,1275,1298]" pageId="2" pageNumber="91">
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<bibCitation box="[703,1078,1275,1298]" journal="J. Linn. Soc. Bot." page="161" pageId="2" pageNumber="91" score="49.626889429125114" volume="8" year="1865">J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 8: 161, t. 12 (1865)</bibCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="91" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[676,1209,1331,1379]" box="[703,1209,1331,1354]" pageId="2" pageNumber="91">
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<taxonomicName authority="Baill., Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris" box="[703,1138,1331,1354]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Makokoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[703,791,1331,1354]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="91">Makokoa</emphasis>
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Baill., Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris
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</taxonomicName>
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1: 619
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[676,1209,1331,1379]" box="[676,1096,1356,1379]" pageId="2" pageNumber="91">
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(1886). —
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<typeStatus box="[787,841,1356,1379]" pageId="2" pageNumber="91">Type</typeStatus>
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:
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<taxonomicName authority="Baill." authorityName="Baill." box="[851,1096,1356,1379]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Makokoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congolana">
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<emphasis box="[851,1038,1356,1379]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="91">Makokoa congolana</emphasis>
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Baill.
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="2" pageNumber="91" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[703,1018,1412,1435]" box="[703,1018,1412,1435]" pageId="2" pageNumber="91">
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<typeStatus box="[703,751,1412,1435]" pageId="2" pageNumber="91">TYPE</typeStatus>
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. —
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<taxonomicName authority="Oliv." box="[796,1018,1412,1435]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="casearia">
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<emphasis box="[796,960,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="91">Octolepis casearia</emphasis>
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Oliv.
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[676,1210,1462,1702]" lastBlockId="3.[676,1209,726,1089]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="2" pageNumber="91">
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Shrubs or trees; plants monoecious (Africa) or dioecious (
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<collectingCountry box="[809,948,1493,1518]" name="Madagascar" pageId="2" pageNumber="91">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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); bark longitudinally striate, sometimes lenticellate. Leaves alternate or opposite, often discolorous, caducous or persistent on mature stems, estipulate; leaf blades glabrous adaxially, sparsely covered with inconspicuous adpressed indument abaxially or glabrescent (trichomes
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<emphasis box="[924,933,1677,1702]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="91">c</emphasis>
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.
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<quantity box="[947,1055,1677,1702]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="91" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5-1 mm</quantity>
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long), margin entire, ± revolute; midrib grooved adaxially, raised abaxially; venation brochidodromous; fine venation reticulate; leaf buds conduplicately folded, covered with dense indument; petioles grooved adaxially, articulate, drying darker than midrib. Inflorescences axillary and fasciculate (Malagasy species), or lateral (or sublateral) and borne on short woody compact racemose axes (African species); inflorescence bracts absent; pedicels articulate. Flowers white, small, bisexual or unisexual; staminate and pistillate flowers of similar size and shape; floral tube absent; sepals 4-6, imbricate, reflexed or spreading, rarely erect, persistent in fruit; petals scale-like, 4 or 5 (10), bifid, divided nearly to base, adnate to receptacle, persistent in fruit; stamens twice the number of petals, (8) 10 (12) (20), straight in bud, ± inserted in a single whorl, persistent in fruit; anthers oblong, introrse, basifixed. Staminate flowers with a minute pistillode; pistillode obscured by many erect receptacle trichomes. Pistillate flowers with (8) 10 (12) (20) persistent staminodes; rudimentary anthers globose or undifferentiated; subgynoecial disc absent; gynoecium 3-6-carpellate, sessile; carpels uniovulate; ovary superior, usually one to several locules aborting, densely pubescent, surrounded by many erect receptacle trichomes; ovules minute, anatropous, pendulous; style terminal, straight, persistent; stigma globose, lobed, papilliate. Fruits green-yellow or white (
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<taxonomicName box="[197,324,1646,1671]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="casearia">
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<emphasis box="[197,217,1646,1671]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">O</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[236,324,1646,1671]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">casearia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), loculicidal capsules, subspheroidal to ovoid-pyramidal, developed carpels producing longitudinal lines of dehiscence; dehiscence lines depressed or ± plane, often bicarinate on both sides of line; pericarp dry and thin, or fleshy and thicker. Seeds brown or black, ovoid, triangular or circular in cross section, edges rounded, adaxial side often costate, curved, abaxial side costate, other sides curved or ± flat; seed coat crustaceous, thin, outer epidermis puberulent, indument red-orange, denser near poles, inner epidermis finely striate; endosperm copious; cotyledons longitudinally curved, thin (
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<emphasis box="[685,694,1064,1089]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">c</emphasis>
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.
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<quantity box="[708,838,1064,1089]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5-1.5 mm</quantity>
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thick).
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</paragraph>
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<caption box="[265,1057,204,221]" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" startId="3.[265,276,204,221]">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[265,1057,204,221]" box="[265,1057,204,221]" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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TABLE 1. — Morphological differences in
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<taxonomicName box="[602,686,204,221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[602,686,204,221]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Octolepis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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between sect.
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<taxonomicName box="[814,898,204,221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[814,898,204,221]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Octolepis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and sect.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[986,1052,204,221]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Dioicae</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<table box="[113,1194,248,627]" gridcols="3" gridrows="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<tr box="[113,1194,248,268]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<td box="[113,358,248,268]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[113,215,248,268]" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Character</emphasis>
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</td>
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<td box="[401,820,248,268]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[529,683,248,268]" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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Sect.
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<taxonomicName box="[587,683,248,268]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[587,683,248,268]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Octolepis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</td>
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<td box="[859,1194,248,268]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[956,1090,248,268]" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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Sect.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1014,1090,248,268]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Dioicae</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[113,1194,295,315]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<td box="[113,358,295,315]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Sexual system</td>
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<td box="[401,820,295,315]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">monoecious</td>
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<td box="[859,1194,295,315]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">dioecious</td>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[113,1194,319,339]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<td box="[113,358,319,339]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Habit</td>
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<td box="[401,820,319,339]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">shrubs 2-4 m tall, rarely trees to 7 m tall</td>
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<td box="[859,1194,319,339]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">trees to 20 m tall</td>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[113,1194,343,363]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<td box="[113,358,343,363]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Leaves</td>
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<td box="[401,820,343,363]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">persistent</td>
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<td box="[859,1194,343,363]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">caducous</td>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[113,1194,367,387]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<td box="[113,358,367,387]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Inflorescence position</td>
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<td box="[401,820,367,387]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">lateral or sublateral, borne on foliated stems</td>
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<td box="[859,1194,367,387]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">axillary, usually borne on defoliated</td>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[113,1194,391,411]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1">
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<td box="[859,1194,391,411]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">stems</td>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[113,1194,415,435]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<td box="[113,358,415,435]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Inflorescence type</td>
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<td box="[401,820,415,435]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">compact racemose axes (often</td>
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<td box="[859,1194,415,435]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">fasciculate</td>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[113,1194,439,459]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<td box="[113,1194,439,459]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">elongating into spurs)</td>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[113,1194,463,483]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<td box="[113,358,463,483]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Petal orientation</td>
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<td box="[401,820,463,483]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">erect</td>
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<td box="[859,1194,463,483]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">adpressed to sepals</td>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[113,1194,487,507]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<td box="[113,358,487,507]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Petal lobe shape</td>
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<td box="[401,820,487,507]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">broadly oblong</td>
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<td box="[859,1194,487,507]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">narrowly triangular</td>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[113,1194,511,531]" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<td box="[113,358,511,531]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Lobe length/width ratio</td>
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<td box="[401,820,511,531]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<emphasis box="[401,419,511,531]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">c.</emphasis>
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1-1.5:1
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</td>
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<td box="[859,1194,511,531]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<emphasis box="[859,876,511,531]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">c.</emphasis>
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4-7:1
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[113,1194,535,555]" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<td box="[113,358,535,555]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Petal lobe apex</td>
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<td box="[401,820,535,555]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">broadly truncate or rounded</td>
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<td box="[859,1194,535,555]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">acute, rounded at tip</td>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[113,1194,559,579]" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<td box="[113,358,559,579]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Petal indument</td>
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<td box="[401,820,559,579]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">tomentose or tomentose-strigose</td>
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<td box="[859,1194,559,579]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">strigose</td>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[113,1194,583,603]" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<td box="[113,358,583,603]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Petal trichome orientation</td>
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<td box="[401,820,583,603]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">no particular direction</td>
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<td box="[859,1194,583,603]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">toward receptacle</td>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[113,1194,607,627]" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<td box="[113,358,607,627]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Pericarp</td>
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<td box="[401,820,607,627]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">dry, thin, smooth</td>
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<td box="[859,1194,607,627]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">fleshy, thick, rugose or rugulose</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[676,1209,1125,1702]" box="[676,1160,1125,1150]" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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INFRAGENERIC CLASSIFICATION OF
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<taxonomicName box="[1046,1160,1125,1150]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1046,1160,1125,1150]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">OCTOLEPIS</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[676,1209,1125,1702]" lastBlockId="4.[113,647,205,813]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
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<taxonomicName box="[703,908,1156,1181]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="casearia">
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<emphasis box="[703,908,1156,1181]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Octolepis casearia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the continental African species, differs significantly from the Malagasy taxa by a number of vegetative, floral, and fruit characters (
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<tableCitation box="[810,895,1248,1273]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="3.[265,276,204,221]" captionText="TABLE 1. — Morphological differences in Octolepis between sect. Octolepis and sect. Dioicae." pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Table 1</tableCitation>
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). The petals of
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<taxonomicName box="[1084,1209,1248,1273]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="casearia">
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<emphasis box="[1084,1104,1248,1273]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">O</emphasis>
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|
.
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<emphasis box="[1123,1209,1248,1273]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">casearia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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|
<figureCitation box="[686,804,1278,1303]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[676,687,1516,1533]" captionTargetBox="[676,1205,204,1499]" captionTargetId="figure-744@4.[676,1205,204,1500]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 1. — SEM microphotograph of the petals in Octolepis: A, O. casearia (sect. Octolepis), adaxial surface of sepals (S) and abaxial surface of petal lobes (L). The arrow indicates the point where two erect lobes meet to form a single deeply divid- ed bifid petal. The stamens located just above petal lobes are out of frame; B, papilliate abaxial surface of the petal shown in A at higher magnification; C, O. dioica (sect. Dioicae), adaxial surface of a bifid petal. A, B, Breteler et al. 9450, WAG pickled sample; C, Razakamalala 748, MO pickled sample." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5186676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5186676/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
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) have an obvious papilliate surface sculpturing. In
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<taxonomicName box="[846,944,1309,1334]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dioica">
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<emphasis box="[846,866,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">O</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
<emphasis box="[881,944,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">dioica</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<figureCitation box="[959,1044,1309,1334]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[676,687,1516,1533]" captionTargetBox="[676,1205,204,1499]" captionTargetId="figure-744@4.[676,1205,204,1500]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 1. — SEM microphotograph of the petals in Octolepis: A, O. casearia (sect. Octolepis), adaxial surface of sepals (S) and abaxial surface of petal lobes (L). The arrow indicates the point where two erect lobes meet to form a single deeply divid- ed bifid petal. The stamens located just above petal lobes are out of frame; B, papilliate abaxial surface of the petal shown in A at higher magnification; C, O. dioica (sect. Dioicae), adaxial surface of a bifid petal. A, B, Breteler et al. 9450, WAG pickled sample; C, Razakamalala 748, MO pickled sample." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5186676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5186676/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
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), the petals are also papilliate, but the sculpture pattern is rarely evident because of the dense indument covering the lobes. Petal indument in
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<taxonomicName box="[991,1108,1401,1426]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="casearia">
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<emphasis box="[991,1011,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">O</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
<emphasis box="[1026,1108,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">casearia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
is always tomentose or tomentose-strigose, usually concentrated along the margin and apex of the lobes, and the trichomes are not oriented in a particular direction. The petal indument of
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[676,774,1554,1579]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dioica">
|
|
<emphasis box="[676,696,1554,1579]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">O</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
<emphasis box="[711,774,1554,1579]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">dioica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
|
is representative of the other Malagasy species and is characterized as strigose (never tomentose) on both surfaces with the individual trichomes always oriented toward the receptacle (receptacle located just outside the bottom of the frame in
|
|
<figureCitation box="[214,327,205,230]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[676,687,1516,1533]" captionTargetBox="[676,1205,204,1499]" captionTargetId="figure-744@4.[676,1205,204,1500]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 1. — SEM microphotograph of the petals in Octolepis: A, O. casearia (sect. Octolepis), adaxial surface of sepals (S) and abaxial surface of petal lobes (L). The arrow indicates the point where two erect lobes meet to form a single deeply divid- ed bifid petal. The stamens located just above petal lobes are out of frame; B, papilliate abaxial surface of the petal shown in A at higher magnification; C, O. dioica (sect. Dioicae), adaxial surface of a bifid petal. A, B, Breteler et al. 9450, WAG pickled sample; C, Razakamalala 748, MO pickled sample." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5186676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5186676/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="93">Figure 1C</figureCitation>
|
|
). Populations of African and Malagasy
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[225,321,236,261]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis box="[225,321,236,261]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="93">Octolepis</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are separated geographically by
|
|
<emphasis box="[147,156,266,291]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="93">c</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
<quantity box="[170,273,266,291]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="93" unit="km" value="3000.0">3000 km</quantity>
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|
.
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</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="4.[113,647,205,813]" pageId="4" pageNumber="93">
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|
In addition to the substantial morphological and geographical differences, these two groups
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[113,258,358,383]" form="distinct" pageId="4" pageNumber="93" rank="form">form distinct</taxonomicName>
|
|
monophyletic lineages. Combined
|
|
<emphasis box="[113,145,389,414]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="93">rbc</emphasis>
|
|
L and
|
|
<emphasis box="[217,258,389,414]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="93">trn-</emphasis>
|
|
F sequence data taken from the five recognized Malagasy species, both varieties of
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[113,234,450,475]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="casearia">
|
|
<emphasis box="[113,234,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="93">O. casearia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and a sample of
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[442,572,450,475]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decalepis">
|
|
<emphasis box="[442,572,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="93">O. decalepis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis box="[592,646,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="93">sensu</emphasis>
|
|
Gilg), indicate that each group is monophyletic with 99% bootstrap support (WURDACK unpubl. data).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="4.[113,647,205,813]" pageId="4" pageNumber="93">
|
|
Based on these strong lines of supporting evidence, the following infrageneric classification for
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[152,248,634,659]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[152,248,634,659]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="93">Octolepis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is proposed, to stress the significant differences between these two groups. Two sections are recognized here: sect.
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[488,590,696,721]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[488,590,696,721]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="93">Octolepis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(the sole continental African species,
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[471,589,726,751]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="casearia">
|
|
<emphasis box="[471,589,726,751]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="93">O. casearia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) and sect.
|
|
<emphasis box="[177,266,757,782]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="93">Dioicae</emphasis>
|
|
Z.S.Rogers (the five Malagasy species).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |