501 lines
68 KiB
XML
501 lines
68 KiB
XML
<document id="5A452466F1196213A5EEC8AA23D87415" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.211556" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d46e2996-c73f-45d4-baca-e64203b5d1dd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="211556" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460502080567" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Fu, Xinhua, Ballantyne, Lesley & Lambkin, Christine" docDate="2012" docId="60588965A05CFFEEABB47867FB4EFC96" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03403p053.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3403" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Curtos Motschulsky" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="9C61F11DA04CFFF8AB237B57FF8BFF82" masterDocTitle="Emeia gen. nov., a new genus of Luciolinae fireflies from China (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) with an unusual trilobite-like larva, and a redescription of the genus Curtos Motschulsky" masterLastPageNumber="53" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1698312313919" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A5B7D91E3D2476669E4A1F3660368B8C">Emeia gen. nov., a new genus of Luciolinae fireflies from China (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) with an unusual trilobite-like larva, and a redescription of the genus Curtos Motschulsky</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="77CA6E6D958403F0940C3F6FF1AFDC9D">Fu, Xinhua</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F0A6AEB4A374F81A183D35FC360A8375">Ballantyne, Lesley</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="940FF999F4049A2DEB3914B701538E6B">Lambkin, Christine</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="30D8A027F440966AD1CC9311B34A64BB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F5B8C2791500E85614FD5991B32D5985">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="19FE90DD60D0456D05E42946B7B1E20C">3403</mods:number>
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<treatment id="60588965A05CFFEEABB47867FB4EFC96" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5587286" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119521541" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5587286" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:60588965A05CFFEEABB47867FB4EFC96" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/60588965A05CFFEEABB47867FB4EFC96" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection id="A0EB6BF8A05CFFE8ABB47867FE05FCC8" box="[151,398,816,842]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E84E3873A05CFFE8ABB47867FE05FCC8" blockId="16.[151,398,816,842]" box="[151,398,816,842]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="B3068F1FA05CFFE8ABB47867FE05FCC8" bold="true" box="[151,398,816,842]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05CFFE8ABB47867FE05FCC8" ID-CoL="3XJ3" authority="Motschulsky" authorityName="Motschulsky" box="[151,398,816,842]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DA85E461A05CFFE8ABB47867FE05FCC8" bold="true" box="[151,398,816,842]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="DA85E461A05CFFE8ABB47867FF62FCC8" bold="true" box="[151,233,816,842]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Curtos</emphasis>
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Motschulsky
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A0EB6BF8A05CFFE8ABB4782FFD07FC29" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="E84E3873A05CFFE8ABB4782FFD07FC29" blockId="16.[151,1437,887,940]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="C8E11F5DA05CFFE8ABB4782FFD07FC29" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05CFFE8ABB4782FFE45FC0F" ID-CoL="3XJ3" authority="Motschulsky, 1845:36" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityPageNumber="36" authorityYear="1845" box="[151,462,887,909]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DA85E461A05CFFE8ABB4782FFF57FC0F" box="[151,220,888,909]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Curtos</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="69501E62A05CFFE8ABC57820FE45FC0F" author="Motschulsky" box="[230,462,887,909]" page="36" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1845">
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<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05CFFE8ABC57820FE25FC0F" author="Motschulsky" box="[230,430,887,909]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Motschulsky, V. (1845) Remarques sur la collection de Coleopteres russes. Bulletin de la Societe Imperial des naturalists de Moscou, 18: 1 - 127." type="journal article" year="1845">Motschulsky, 1845</bibRefCitation>
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:36
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; 1853:51.
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<treatmentCitation id="69501E62A05CFFE8A91C7820FC94FC0F" author="Lacordaire" box="[575,799,887,909]" page="337" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1857">
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<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05CFFE8A91C7820FD78FC0F" author="Lacordaire" box="[575,755,887,909]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Lacordaire, T. (1857) Histoire naturelle des insectes. Genera des Coleopteres. Tome Quatrieme. Roret: Paris 579 pp." type="book" year="1857">Lacordaire, 1857</bibRefCitation>
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:337
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="69501E62A05CFFE8A80E7820FC51FC0F" author="Olivier" box="[813,986,887,909]" page="55" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1907">
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<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05CFFE8A80E7820FC30FC0F" author="Olivier" box="[813,955,887,909]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Olivier, E. (1907) Coleoptera, Lampyridae. Genera Insectorum, 53, 1 - 74 [Luciolinae, 48 - 56]." type="journal article" year="1907">Olivier, 1907</bibRefCitation>
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:55
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</treatmentCitation>
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; 1910:47.
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<treatmentCitation id="69501E62A05CFFE8AF6F782FFAA2FC0F" author="McDermott" box="[1100,1321,887,909]" page="47" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1964">
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<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05CFFE8AF6F782FFA81FC0F" author="McDermott" box="[1100,1290,887,909]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="McDermott, F. A. (1964) The taxonomy of the Lampyridae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 90, 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1964">McDermott, 1964</bibRefCitation>
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:47
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</treatmentCitation>
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; 1966:118.
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<treatmentCitation id="69501E62A05CFFE8ABE478C2FE25FC29" author="Chujo" box="[199,430,917,939]" page="59" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1970">
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<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05CFFE8ABE478C2FE04FC29" author="Chujo" box="[199,399,917,939]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Chujo, M. & Sato, M. (1970) On Japanese and Formosan species of the genus Curtos Motschulsky. Memoirs of the faculty of Education Kagawa University, Part II no 192, 59 - 65." type="journal article" year="1970">Chûjô & Satô 1970</bibRefCitation>
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:59
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="69501E62A05CFFE8AA9B78C1FD03FC29" author="Jeng" box="[440,648,918,940]" page="331" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1998">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05CFFE8AA9B78C1FDD6FC29" author="Jeng" box="[440,605,918,940]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Jeng, M. L., Yang, P. S., Sato, M., Lai, J. & Chang, J. C. (1998) The genus Curtos (Coleoptera, Lampyridae, Luciolinae) of Taiwan and Japan. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 4 (2), 331 - 347." type="journal article" year="1998">
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Jeng
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<emphasis id="DA85E461A05CFFE8AACF78C0FD92FC2E" box="[492,537,918,940]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
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. 1998
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</bibRefCitation>
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:331
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="A0EB6BF8A05CFFE8ABB4788EFC3DFC72" box="[151,950,984,1009]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="E84E3873A05CFFE8ABB4788EFC3DFC72" blockId="16.[151,1436,984,2017]" box="[151,950,984,1009]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05CFFE8ABB4788EFEB9FC73" bold="true" box="[151,306,984,1009]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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||
<typeStatus id="374A86D1A05CFFE8ABB4788EFF59FC73" box="[151,210,985,1009]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05CFFE8AA1A788EFD2EFC72" authority="Motschulsky" authorityName="Motschulsky" box="[313,677,984,1008]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mongolicus">
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<emphasis id="DA85E461A05CFFE8AA1A788EFD86FC72" box="[313,525,984,1008]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Curtos mongolicus</emphasis>
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Motschulsky
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</taxonomicName>
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by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A0EB6BF8A05CFFE8ABEA78ABFE0EFB4A" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="E84E3873A05CFFE8ABEA78ABFE0EFB4A" blockId="16.[151,1436,984,2017]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="DA85E461A05CFFE8ABEA78ABFEC8FB97" bold="true" box="[201,323,1020,1045]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Males distinguished from all other
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<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05CFFE8A9DF78ABFCFFFB96" box="[764,884,1020,1044]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Luciolinae">Luciolinae</taxonomicName>
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by the elytral punctation, which is wide and regularly spaced, and a pronounced longitudinal humeral carina; one of a group of
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<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05CFFE8AFA17F77FB71FBBA" box="[1154,1274,1056,1080]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Luciolinae">Luciolinae</taxonomicName>
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in which the aedeagal lateral lobes are visible from beneath at the sides of the median lobe, differing from other
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<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05CFFE8AE257F13FAF5FBDE" box="[1286,1406,1092,1116]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Luciolinae">Luciolinae</taxonomicName>
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in that the lateral lobes are of uneven length. Females macropterous with the same elytral characteristics as the male. Larva pale, terrestrial and soft bodied, with no plates heavily sclerotised nor darkened, and laterotergites visible at the sides of the body.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A0EB6BF8A05CFFEBABEA7F83FB0AF8EB" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E84E3873A05CFFE8ABEA7F83FD24FA92" blockId="16.[151,1436,984,2017]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="DA85E461A05CFFE8ABEA7F83FEE4FB6F" bold="true" box="[201,367,1236,1261]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Redescription</emphasis>
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. This redescription is based on the two species
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<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05CFFE8A8FE7F82FAB3FB6E" authority="Gorham" authorityName="Gorham" box="[989,1336,1236,1260]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costipennis">
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<emphasis id="DA85E461A05CFFE8A8FE7F82FB32FB6E" box="[989,1209,1237,1260]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Curtos costipennis</emphasis>
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(Gorham)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05CFFE8AEA17F82FE2DFA92" authority="Matsumura" authorityName="Matsumura" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okinawanus">
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<emphasis id="DA85E461A05CFFE8AEA17F82FE96FA92" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. okinawanus</emphasis>
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Matsumura
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</taxonomicName>
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, scored in this analysis.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E84E3873A05CFFE8ABEA7E4AFF6AF9B2" blockId="16.[151,1436,984,2017]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="DA85E461A05CFFE8ABEA7E4AFE8DFAB7" bold="true" box="[201,262,1309,1333]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Male</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="70CA24F6A05CFFE8AA3B7E4BFE29FAB6" box="[280,418,1308,1332]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 36" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[218,1317,251,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[162,1424,195,1957]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 36. Habitus Curtos costipennis. 32, 33 male, 34, 35 female, 36 larva. (32, 34, 36 dorsal, 33, 35 ventral) (Scale bar = 5 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211564/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 32, 33</figureCitation>
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). Pronotum dorsal surface without irregularities in posterolateral areas and longitudinal groove in lateral areas; punctation dense. Anterior margin not explanate. Pronotum usually subparallel-sided, with margins straight (B=C); if not subparallel-sided then with B>A and C or C> A and B often in the one species; pronotal width subequal to humeral width; anterolateral corners rounded obtuse; lateral margins without indentation at mid-point, or sinuousity in either horizontal or vertical plane; without indentation in lateral margin near posterolateral corner, and irregularities at corner; posterolateral corners rounded, obtuse, or angulate, and subequal to 90°; posterolateral corners not projecting as far as median posterior margin and separated from it by defined emarginations.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E84E3873A05CFFE8ABEA7D6AFC35F9FA" blockId="16.[151,1436,984,2017]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Hypomera closed. Median area of hypomeron not elevated in vertical direction; posterior area of hypomeron flattened and closely adpressed; pronotal width/ GHW index 1.2 or less.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E84E3873A05CFFE8ABEA7DD3FBDBF8D2" blockId="16.[151,1436,984,2017]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Elytron punctation dense, not linear, as large as that of pronotum, and regular in size and distribution; apices not deflexed; epipleuron and suture extend beyond mid-point, almost to apex but not as ridge around apex, neither thickened in apical half; no interstitial lines; elytral carina present; in horizontal specimen viewed from below epipleuron at elytral base wide, covering humerus; viewed from above the anterior margin of the epipleuron arises anterior to posterior margin of MS; epipleuron developed as a lateral ridge along most of length; sutural margins approximate along most of length in closed elytra; lateral margins sub-parallel-sided.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E84E3873A05CFFE9ABEA7C0BFEEBFF75" blockId="16.[151,1436,984,2017]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1437,151,2012]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Head moderately depressed between eyes; moderately well exposed in front of pronotum, not capable of complete retraction within prothoracic cavity; eyes moderately separated beneath at level of posterior margin of mouthpart complex; eyes above labrum moderately separated; frons-vertex junction rounded, without median elevation; posterolateral eye excavation not strongly developed, not visible in resting head position; antennal sockets on head between eyes, not contiguous, separated by <ASW or up to ASW; clypeolabral suture present, flexible, not in front of anterior eye margin when head viewed with labrum horizontal; outer edges of labrum reach inner edges of closed mandibles.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E84E3873A05DFFE9ABEA7A53FCC5FE05" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Mouthparts functional; apical segment of labial palpi non-lunate, laterally compressed, of form of a narrow triangle (widest at base and length 2–
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<date id="9C4F1EB3A05DFFE9A9057A70FDC5FEBD" box="[550,590,295,319]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">3 X</date>
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width), with inner edge entire, and at least half as long as apical maxillary palpomere. Antennae 11 segmented; length> GHW up to
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<date id="9C4F1EB3A05DFFE9A8767A1BFC0EFEE6" box="[853,901,332,356]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">2 X</date>
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GHW; no segments flattened, shortened, or expanded; pedicel not produced; FS1 not shorter than pedicel.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E84E3873A05DFFE9ABEA7AC2FE14FE4D" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Legs with inner tarsal claw not split; without MFC; no femora or tibiae swollen or curved; no basitarsi expanded or excavated.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E84E3873A05DFFE9ABEA7A8BFB76FBFE" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Abdomen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="70CA24F6A05DFFE9AA6B7A8BFE17FE76" box="[328,412,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 36" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[218,1317,251,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[162,1424,195,1957]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 36. Habitus Curtos costipennis. 32, 33 male, 34, 35 female, 36 larva. (32, 34, 36 dorsal, 33, 35 ventral) (Scale bar = 5 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211564/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
) without cuticular remnants in association with aedeagal sheath; no ventrites with curved posterior margins nor extending anteriorly into emarginated posterior margin of anterior segment; LO in
|
||
<date id="9C4F1EB3A05DFFE9AE107957FADEFD95" box="[1331,1365,512,535]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">V7</date>
|
||
entire usually occupying half or less of
|
||
<date id="9C4F1EB3A05DFFE9A9337972FDBFFDBE" box="[528,564,549,572]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">V7</date>
|
||
, and often not reaching to sides or posterior margin or into MPP (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05DFFE9AE6E7972FF7FFDDD" author="Jeng" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Jeng, M. L., Yang, P. S., Sato, M., Lai, J. & Chang, J. C. (1998) The genus Curtos (Coleoptera, Lampyridae, Luciolinae) of Taiwan and Japan. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 4 (2), 331 - 347." type="journal article" year="1998">
|
||
Jeng
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05DFFE9AEAB7972FF3FFDE2" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="70CA24F6A05DFFE9ABDE7910FE0BFDDD" box="[253,384,583,607]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 16 – 25" captionStart-1="FIGURES 26 – 30" captionStart-2="FIGURE 31" captionStartId-0="14.[151,264,1908,1931]" captionStartId-1="15.[151,264,1909,1932]" captionStartId-2="16.[151,250,716,739]" captionTargetBox-0="[167,1416,193,1850]" captionTargetBox-1="[150,1435,329,1843]" captionTargetId-0="figure@14.[165,1417,193,1880]" captionTargetId-1="figure@15.[150,1436,329,1844]" captionTargetPageId-0="14" captionTargetPageId-1="15" captionText-0="FIGURES 16 – 25. Emeia pseudosauteri male 16 – 22, female 23 – 25. 16, 17 aedeagal sheath (right margin of posterior section of sheath sternite arrowed in 16). 18, 19 aedeagus. 20 – 21 entire abdomen. 22 T 8. 23 genitalia, anterior end to top of page. 24, 25 female after prolonged soaking in ethanol, illuminated from below (extent of hind wing arrowed in 24). (16, 18, 20 22, 24 ventral, 17, 19, 21, 25 dorsal). (Scale bar = 1 mm)." captionText-1="FIGURES 26 – 30. Emeia pseudosauteri fifth instar larva SEMs. 26, 27 head. 28 maxillary palp. 29 apex apical maxillary palpomere. 30 body. (27, 28 ventral, 26, 30 dorsal)." captionText-2="FIGURE 31. Emeia pseudosauteri flash pattern male." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/211562/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/211563/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 22–31</figureCitation>
|
||
); (reaching posterior margin in some examples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05DFFE9A8E1791FFBC3FDE2" box="[962,1096,584,608]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okinawanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05DFFE9A8E1791FFBC3FDE2" box="[962,1096,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">okinawanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05DFFE9AFA1791EFA8BFDE2" box="[1154,1280,585,608]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05DFFE9AFA1791EFA8BFDE2" box="[1154,1280,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">costipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
scored here); posterior half of
|
||
<date id="9C4F1EB3A05DFFE9AA73793AFEF8FD06" box="[336,371,621,644]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">V7</date>
|
||
not arched or swollen, muscle impressions not visible in this area; neither anterior nor posterior margin of LO emarginate; LO present in
|
||
<date id="9C4F1EB3A05DFFE9A94879D8FD1BFD25" box="[619,656,655,679]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">V6</date>
|
||
, occupying almost all
|
||
<date id="9C4F1EB3A05DFFE9A8B379D8FC31FD25" box="[912,954,655,679]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">V6.</date>
|
||
MPP present, symmetrical, apex rounded, not laterally compressed, about as long as wide (L=W), not inclined dorsally nor engulfed by T8 apex, without dorsal ridge, median longitudinal trough.
|
||
<date id="9C4F1EB3A05DFFE9A946798FFD0CFD6D" box="[613,647,728,751]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">V7</date>
|
||
without median carina, median longitudinal trough, anteromedian depression on face of LO, incurving lobes or pointed projections, median ‘dimple’, or reflexed lobes; posterior margin of
|
||
<date id="9C4F1EB3A05DFFE9AA317876FEBFFCBA" box="[274,308,801,824]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">V7</date>
|
||
without PLP and posterolateral corners rounded. T7 without prolonged anterolateral corners. T8 symmetrical, width=length (some of the species depicted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05DFFE9A81D7812FC64FCDE" author="Jeng" box="[830,1007,836,861]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Jeng, M. L., Yang, P. S., Sato, M., Lai, J. & Chang, J. C. (1998) The genus Curtos (Coleoptera, Lampyridae, Luciolinae) of Taiwan and Japan. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 4 (2), 331 - 347." type="journal article" year="1998">
|
||
Jeng
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05DFFE9A85A7812FC3AFCDE" box="[889,945,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="70CA24F6A05DFFE9A8D57813FBF8FCDE" box="[1014,1139,836,860]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 16 – 25" captionStart-1="FIGURES 26 – 30" captionStart-2="FIGURE 31" captionStartId-0="14.[151,264,1908,1931]" captionStartId-1="15.[151,264,1909,1932]" captionStartId-2="16.[151,250,716,739]" captionTargetBox-0="[167,1416,193,1850]" captionTargetBox-1="[150,1435,329,1843]" captionTargetId-0="figure@14.[165,1417,193,1880]" captionTargetId-1="figure@15.[150,1436,329,1844]" captionTargetPageId-0="14" captionTargetPageId-1="15" captionText-0="FIGURES 16 – 25. Emeia pseudosauteri male 16 – 22, female 23 – 25. 16, 17 aedeagal sheath (right margin of posterior section of sheath sternite arrowed in 16). 18, 19 aedeagus. 20 – 21 entire abdomen. 22 T 8. 23 genitalia, anterior end to top of page. 24, 25 female after prolonged soaking in ethanol, illuminated from below (extent of hind wing arrowed in 24). (16, 18, 20 22, 24 ventral, 17, 19, 21, 25 dorsal). (Scale bar = 1 mm)." captionText-1="FIGURES 26 – 30. Emeia pseudosauteri fifth instar larva SEMs. 26, 27 head. 28 maxillary palp. 29 apex apical maxillary palpomere. 30 body. (27, 28 ventral, 26, 30 dorsal)." captionText-2="FIGURE 31. Emeia pseudosauteri flash pattern male." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/211562/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/211563/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 22–31</figureCitation>
|
||
have T8 wider than long), visible posterior area not narrowing abruptly, median posterior margin not emarginated in specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05DFFE9AE3D783EFA17FC02" box="[1310,1436,873,896]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05DFFE9AE3D783EFA17FC02" box="[1310,1436,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">costipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05DFFE9ABE578DBFEC7FC26" box="[198,332,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okinawanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05DFFE9ABE578DBFEC7FC26" box="[198,332,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">okinawanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
scored here (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05DFFE9AAC178DBFD1FFC26" author="Jeng" box="[482,660,908,932]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Jeng, M. L., Yang, P. S., Sato, M., Lai, J. & Chang, J. C. (1998) The genus Curtos (Coleoptera, Lampyridae, Luciolinae) of Taiwan and Japan. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 4 (2), 331 - 347." type="journal article" year="1998">
|
||
Jeng
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05DFFE9A93E78DAFDDDFC26" box="[541,598,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="70CA24F6A05DFFE9A9B878DBFC93FC26" box="[667,792,908,932]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 16 – 25" captionStart-1="FIGURES 26 – 30" captionStart-2="FIGURE 31" captionStartId-0="14.[151,264,1908,1931]" captionStartId-1="15.[151,264,1909,1932]" captionStartId-2="16.[151,250,716,739]" captionTargetBox-0="[167,1416,193,1850]" captionTargetBox-1="[150,1435,329,1843]" captionTargetId-0="figure@14.[165,1417,193,1880]" captionTargetId-1="figure@15.[150,1436,329,1844]" captionTargetPageId-0="14" captionTargetPageId-1="15" captionText-0="FIGURES 16 – 25. Emeia pseudosauteri male 16 – 22, female 23 – 25. 16, 17 aedeagal sheath (right margin of posterior section of sheath sternite arrowed in 16). 18, 19 aedeagus. 20 – 21 entire abdomen. 22 T 8. 23 genitalia, anterior end to top of page. 24, 25 female after prolonged soaking in ethanol, illuminated from below (extent of hind wing arrowed in 24). (16, 18, 20 22, 24 ventral, 17, 19, 21, 25 dorsal). (Scale bar = 1 mm)." captionText-1="FIGURES 26 – 30. Emeia pseudosauteri fifth instar larva SEMs. 26, 27 head. 28 maxillary palp. 29 apex apical maxillary palpomere. 30 body. (27, 28 ventral, 26, 30 dorsal)." captionText-2="FIGURE 31. Emeia pseudosauteri flash pattern male." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/211562/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/211563/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 22–31</figureCitation>
|
||
depict the posterior margin of T8 medially emarginated); widest across middle with lateral margins slightly convex-sided; without prolonged posterolateral corners, median posterior projections, not extending conspicuously beyond posterior margin of
|
||
<date id="9C4F1EB3A05DFFE9AF3D7882FBC8FC6E" box="[1054,1091,981,1004]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">V7</date>
|
||
; posterior margin not inclined ventrally not engulfing posterior margin of
|
||
<date id="9C4F1EB3A05DFFE9A9AB78AEFD21FB92" box="[648,682,1017,1040]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">V7</date>
|
||
nor MPP; T8 ventral surface without median longitudinal trough; without lateral depressed troughs, asymmetrical projections, median posterior ridge; concealed anterolateral arms of T8 short and narrow, not laterally emarginated before their origins, not expanded dorsoventrally; without bifurcation of inner margin and ventrally directed pieces; lateral margins of T8 not enfolding sides of
|
||
<date id="9C4F1EB3A05DFFE9AFF07F32FB76FBFE" box="[1235,1277,1125,1148]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">V7.</date>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E84E3873A05DFFE9ABEA7FDFFEC6FAB2" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
Aedeagal sheath approx. 3 times as long as wide; without bulbous paraprocts; similar in outline to aedeagal sheath of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05DFFE9AA247FFBFE32FB46" authority="Olliff" authorityName="Olliff" box="[263,441,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Atyphella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05DFFE9AA247FFBFEF9FB46" box="[263,370,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Atyphella</emphasis>
|
||
Olliff
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with sheath sternite emarginate on its right side from point of articulation with tergite; anterior half of sternite broad, apically rounded; tergite without lateral arms extending anteriorly at sides of sheath sternite; tergite with small projecting pieces along posterior margin of tergite 9, anterior margin without transverse band.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E84E3873A05DFFE9ABEA7E6BFE4DF9D2" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Aedeagus length/width 2.5–3/1; LL lack lateral appendages; LL visible from beneath at sides of ML, LL/ML moderate to wide; LL of unequal length, slightly shorter than ML, separated longitudinally by most of their length; LL apices rounded and inturned when viewed from the side; dorsal base of LL symmetrical, not excavated; LL without lateral hairy appendages along their outer ventral margins, not produced preapically nor narrowly on inner apical margin; without projection on left LL; inner margins without slender leaf-like projection; ML symmetrical, without paired lateral teeth and tooth to left side, not strongly arched, apex not shaped like arrowhead, not bulbous, not inclined ventrally; BP not strongly sclerotised, not hooded, in two distinct pieces while not strongly emarginated along anterior margin.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E84E3873A05DFFE9ABEA7D0BFE08F886" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05DFFE9ABEA7D0BFEABF9F6" bold="true" box="[201,288,1628,1652]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="70CA24F6A05DFFE9AA0D7D0BFE27F9F6" box="[302,428,1628,1652]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 36" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[218,1317,251,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[162,1424,195,1957]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 36. Habitus Curtos costipennis. 32, 33 male, 34, 35 female, 36 larva. (32, 34, 36 dorsal, 33, 35 ventral) (Scale bar = 5 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211564/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 34, 35</figureCitation>
|
||
). Macropterous and assumed capable of flight. Similar in colour and dorsal facies to male. Elytral punctation as large as that of pronotum, evenly spaced; no interstitial lines; elytral carina present. No legs or parts thereof swollen and /or curved. LO in
|
||
<date id="9C4F1EB3A05DFFE9A9BD7DF3FD4BF93E" box="[670,704,1700,1724]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">V6</date>
|
||
entire, without any elevations or depressions or ridges on
|
||
<date id="9C4F1EB3A05DFFE9AE517DF2FA1CF93E" box="[1394,1431,1701,1724]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">V7</date>
|
||
; median posterior margin of
|
||
<date id="9C4F1EB3A05DFFE9AAF57D9EFE73F962" box="[470,504,1737,1760]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">V7</date>
|
||
shallowly emarginate; median posterior margin of
|
||
<date id="9C4F1EB3A05DFFE9AF677D9FFBEDF962" box="[1092,1126,1736,1760]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">V8</date>
|
||
broadly and shallowly. No obvious bursa plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E84E3873A05DFFEBABEA7C47FB0AF8EB" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2012]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,1765,2006]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05DFFE9ABEA7C47FE99F8AA" bold="true" box="[201,274,1808,1832]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Larva</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="70CA24F6A05DFFE9AA017C47FE2CF8AA" box="[290,423,1808,1832]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 32 – 36" captionStart-1="FIGURES 37 – 42" captionStartId-0="18.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionStartId-1="19.[151,264,1667,1690]" captionTargetBox-0="[218,1317,251,1920]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,193,1646]" captionTargetId-0="figure@18.[162,1424,195,1957]" captionTargetId-1="figure@19.[151,1436,193,1646]" captionTargetPageId-0="18" captionTargetPageId-1="19" captionText-0="FIGURES 32 – 36. Habitus Curtos costipennis. 32, 33 male, 34, 35 female, 36 larva. (32, 34, 36 dorsal, 33, 35 ventral) (Scale bar = 5 mm)." captionText-1="FIGURES 37 – 42. Curtos costipennis larval head SEMs. 37 anterior; 38, 39 entire head; 40 detail anterior margin; 41 outer margin tip of mandible; 42 left antenna (37 dorsal surface uppermost; 38 dorsal; 39, 40 42 ventral)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/211564/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/211565/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 36–42</figureCitation>
|
||
). Terrestrial, pale soft bodied; with 3 thoracic and 10 abdominal terga; lateral margins of thoracic and abdominal terga not explanate and flattened; lateral margins of abdominal tergum 10 parallel-sided; arrangement of ventral surface conforming to that described for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05DFFE9A8497C0EFEF7F816" authority="Olivier (Ballantyne & Rasainthiran Menayah 2002)" authorityName="Olivier (Ballantyne & Rasainthiran Menayah" authorityYear="2002" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Pteroptyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="valida">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05DFFE9A8497C0EFBA8F8F2" box="[874,1059,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pteroptyx valida</emphasis>
|
||
Olivier (Ballantyne & Rasainthiran Menayah 2002)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: an elongate pleural suture runs from anterior margin of mesothorax to posterior margin of abdominal segment 9, delimiting laterotergites bearing spiracles above and laterosternites and a single median sterna element below; the median thoracic sternal elements are divided into two, each margined by laterotergites (only the mesothoracic laterotergites bearing spiracles). Head and antennae of typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05FFFEBAF747DB2FB44F97F" box="[1111,1231,1765,1789]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Luciolinae">Luciolinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
form as described in Ballantyne and Rasainthiran Menayah (2002); mandibles lacking inner tooth; antennae with short slender terminal segment surmounted by hairs; sense cone shorter than
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90E678E3A05FFFEBA80D7C7AFCDDF8C7" box="[814,854,1837,1861]" name="American Samoa" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
3; maxillary and labial apical palpomeres elongated pointed with terminal sense organs. Legs: without brush of hairs from apex of tibiotarsus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="BC8E68FBA05EFFEAABB47CEDFE84F86D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211564/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" targetBox="[218,1317,251,1920]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="E84E3873A05EFFEAABB47CEDFE84F86D" blockId="18.[151,1436,1978,2031]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05EFFEAABB47CEDFEC5F852" bold="true" box="[151,334,1978,2001]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURES 32–36</emphasis>
|
||
. Habitus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05EFFEAAA927CECFDE4F852" box="[433,623,1979,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05EFFEAAA927CECFDE4F852" box="[433,623,1979,2000]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Curtos costipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 32, 33 male, 34, 35 female, 36 larva. (32, 34, 36 dorsal, 33, 35 ventral) (Scale bar= 5mm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="BC8E68FBA05FFFEBABB47DD4FB0FF93A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211565/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" targetBox="[151,1435,193,1646]" targetPageId="19">
|
||
<paragraph id="E84E3873A05FFFEBABB47DD4FB0FF93A" blockId="19.[151,1436,1667,1721]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05FFFEBABB47DD4FEDDF91B" bold="true" box="[151,342,1667,1690]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">FIGURES 37–42.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05FFFEBAA7E7DD2FD96F918" box="[349,541,1669,1690]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05FFFEBAA7E7DD2FD96F918" box="[349,541,1669,1690]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Curtos costipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larval head SEMs. 37 anterior; 38, 39 entire head; 40 detail anterior margin; 41 outer margin tip of mandible; 42 left antenna (37 dorsal surface uppermost; 38 dorsal; 39, 40 42 ventral).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0EB6BF8A05FFFEEABEA7C22FB4EFC96" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="E84E3873A05FFFEBABEA7C22FAF4F857" blockId="19.[151,1437,1765,2006]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05FFFEBABEA7C22FEC5F80C" bold="true" box="[201,334,1909,1934]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05FFFEBAAFF7C21FDA3F80F" box="[476,552,1910,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05FFFEBAAFF7C21FDA3F80F" box="[476,552,1910,1933]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Curtos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was established by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05FFFEBA83B7C22FC75F80F" author="Motschulsky" box="[792,1022,1909,1933]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Motschulsky, V. (1845) Remarques sur la collection de Coleopteres russes. Bulletin de la Societe Imperial des naturalists de Moscou, 18: 1 - 127." type="journal article" year="1845">Motschulsky (1845)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for a single species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05FFFEBAFD57C21FA17F80F" box="[1270,1436,1909,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mongolicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05FFFEBAFD57C21FA17F80F" box="[1270,1436,1909,1933]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. mongolicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which he designated as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="374A86D1A05FFFEBAAEF7CCDFE77F830" box="[460,508,1946,1970]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
|
||
. It appears that no subsequent revision of the genus actually included an examination of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="374A86D1A05FFFEBAA327CE9FECAF854" box="[273,321,1982,2006]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
|
||
(Jeng pers. com.) and here we address
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05FFFEBA9DA7CE9FBF6F857" authority="Chujo & Sato (1970)" authorityName="Chujo & Sato" authorityYear="1970" box="[761,1149,1981,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05FFFEBA9DA7CE9FCCDF857" box="[761,838,1982,2005]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Curtos</emphasis>
|
||
sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05FFFEBA8B17CEAFBF6F857" author="Chujo" box="[914,1149,1981,2005]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Chujo, M. & Sato, M. (1970) On Japanese and Formosan species of the genus Curtos Motschulsky. Memoirs of the faculty of Education Kagawa University, Part II no 192, 59 - 65." type="journal article" year="1970">Chûjô & Satô (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05FFFEBAF907CE9FAF0F857" box="[1203,1403,1981,2006]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Jeng, M. L., Yang, P. S., Sato, M., Lai, J. & Chang, J. C. (1998) The genus Curtos (Coleoptera, Lampyridae, Luciolinae) of Taiwan and Japan. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 4 (2), 331 - 347." type="journal article">
|
||
Jeng
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05FFFEBAFCD7CE8FAADF857" box="[1262,1318,1981,2006]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1998)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="BC8E68FBA058FFECABB47C70FDDFF855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211566/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" targetBox="[151,1392,193,1809]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="E84E3873A058FFECABB47C70FDDFF855" blockId="20.[151,1436,1831,2007]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A058FFECABB47C70FED8F8BE" bold="true" box="[151,339,1831,1854]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FIGURES 43–49.</emphasis>
|
||
Characters and states. Adult males and females. 43
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A058FFECA8437C70FB11F8BF" authority="Thancharoen" authorityName="Thancharoen" box="[864,1178,1831,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Luciola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aquatilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A058FFECA8437C70FB86F8BF" box="[864,1037,1831,1853]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Luciola aquatilis</emphasis>
|
||
Thancharoen
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: T8, aedeagal sheath, and sclerites surrounding sheath (T8=tergite 8; 1, 2, 3= sclerites right side, ventral and left side in order; AS=aedeagal sheath; AE=aedeagus). 44
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A058FFECAA7F7C33FDE9F8F8" authority="Olivier" authorityName="Olivier" box="[348,610,1892,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Luciola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cingulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A058FFECAA7F7C33FD99F8F8" box="[348,530,1892,1914]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Luciola cingulata</emphasis>
|
||
Olivier
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype male terminal abdomen (MCSN). 45
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A058FFECAF737C33FB16F8F8" box="[1104,1181,1892,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Luciola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A058FFECAF737C33FB16F8F8" box="[1104,1181,1892,1914]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Luciola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
near
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A058FFECAFF97C33FAB4F8F8" box="[1242,1343,1892,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Luciola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="substriata">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A058FFECAFF97C33FAB4F8F8" box="[1242,1343,1892,1914]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">substriata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
terminal abdomen (ANIC). 46, 47 undescribed species 8 Figure 2 number 20: 46 male abdomen; 47 female genitalia anterior end to right (styli arrowed). 48, 49 Male of undescribed species New Caledonia 2 Figure 7 number 18: 48, 49 head (ANIC). (43–47 ventral; 48 left lateral; 49 dorsal). (Scale bar= 1mm)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="BC8E68FBA059FFEDABB47E15FBC7FA56" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211567/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" targetBox="[151,1435,193,1325]" targetPageId="21">
|
||
<paragraph id="E84E3873A059FFEDABB47E15FBC7FA56" blockId="21.[151,1437,1346,1492]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A059FFEDABB47E15FED8FADA" bold="true" box="[151,339,1346,1369]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FIGURES 50–55.</emphasis>
|
||
Characters and states. Larvae. 50, 51
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A059FFEDA9F27E14FC5CFADA" authority="Olivier" authorityName="Olivier" box="[721,983,1346,1369]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Luciola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypocrita">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A059FFEDA9F27E14FC0EFADB" box="[721,901,1347,1369]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Luciola hypocrita</emphasis>
|
||
Olivier
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 50 metatergum and abdominal terga 1–7; 51 thoracic terga 1–3 (ANIC). 52, 53, 54, 55 undescribed species New Caledonia 1 Figure 7 number 17: 52 abdominal terga 1–5 (projections along posterior margin at sides of median line arrowed); 53 thoracic terga 1–3; 54 abdominal segments 1–5 (posterior projections of laterotergites, laterosternites and median sternal plates arrowed in order from outside in). 55 brush of hairs at apex of tibiotarsi legs 2, 3 (QMBA). (50–53 dorsal; 54 ventral; 55 lateral). (Scale bar= 1mm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E84E3873A059FFEDABEA7D57FF64F826" blockId="21.[151,1437,1536,2028]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Motschulsky’s (1845) description, in citing but not elaborating on differences between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A059FFEDAF8E7D56FA10F99A" box="[1197,1435,1536,1560]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A059FFEDAF8E7D56FB72F99A" box="[1197,1273,1537,1560]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Curtos</emphasis>
|
||
(Lampyridae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A059FFEDABE57D73FE86F9BE" box="[198,269,1572,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Drilidae" genus="Drilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A059FFEDABE57D73FE86F9BE" box="[198,269,1572,1596]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Drilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(a non firefly genus of the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A059FFEDA9B37D73FD65F9BE" box="[656,750,1572,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Drilidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Drilidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) was inadequate, as were supplementary descriptions of both the genus and
|
||
<typeStatus id="374A86D1A059FFEDAA1E7D1EFEE6F9E3" box="[317,365,1609,1633]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A059FFEDAAFB7D1FFD25F9E2" author="Motschulsky" box="[472,686,1608,1632]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Motschulsky, V. (1852) Lampyrides. Etudes entomologiques, 1, 25 - 58." type="journal article" year="1852">Motschulsky 1852</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A059FFEDA9987D1FFD7CF9E2" author="Motschulsky" box="[699,759,1608,1632]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Motschulsky, V. (1854) Lampyrides. Etudes entomologiques, 3, 15 - 26, 47 - 62." type="journal article" year="1854">1854</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A059FFEDA82F7D1EFCD3F9E2" box="[780,856,1609,1632]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A059FFEDA82F7D1EFCD3F9E2" box="[780,856,1609,1632]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Curtos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was redefined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A059FFEDAF0E7D1FFA95F9E2" author="Chujo" box="[1069,1310,1608,1632]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Chujo, M. & Sato, M. (1970) On Japanese and Formosan species of the genus Curtos Motschulsky. Memoirs of the faculty of Education Kagawa University, Part II no 192, 59 - 65." type="journal article" year="1970">Chûjô & Satô (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
who highlighted several features they considered distinctive including the strong elytral punctation and the presence of a ‘post-humeral costa’ (the elytral carina).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A059FFEDA97C7DC7FC4FF92A" author="Ballantyne" box="[607,964,1680,1704]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Ballantyne, L. A. & Lambkin, C. L. (2009) Systematics of Indo-Pacific fireflies with a redefinition of Australasian Atyphella Olliff, Madagascan Photuroluciola Pic, and description of seven new genera from the Luciolinae (Coleoptera: Lampyridae). Zootaxa, 1997, 1 - 188." type="journal article" year="2009">Ballantyne and Lambkin (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found these two characters useful in helping to define the genus. Chûjô & Satô’s key (1970 page 60) distinguished
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A059FFEDA8FC7DE2FBA0F94E" box="[991,1067,1717,1740]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A059FFEDA8FC7DE2FBA0F94E" box="[991,1067,1717,1740]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Curtos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A059FFEDAF517DE3FB44F94E" box="[1138,1231,1716,1740]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A059FFEDAF517DE3FB40F94E" box="[1138,1227,1716,1740]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Luciola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Luciola</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
While
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A059FFEDAE017DE3FEF7F972" author="Ballantyne" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Ballantyne, L. A. & Lambkin, C. L. (2009) Systematics of Indo-Pacific fireflies with a redefinition of Australasian Atyphella Olliff, Madagascan Photuroluciola Pic, and description of seven new genera from the Luciolinae (Coleoptera: Lampyridae). Zootaxa, 1997, 1 - 188." type="journal article" year="2009">Ballantyne and Lambkin (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
have begun the process of subdividing the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A059FFEDA8877D8FFC72F972" box="[932,1017,1752,1776]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Luciola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A059FFEDA8877D8FFC72F972" box="[932,1017,1752,1776]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Luciola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and defining
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A059FFEDAFB07D8FFB63F972" box="[1171,1256,1752,1776]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Luciola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A059FFEDAFB07D8FFB63F972" box="[1171,1256,1752,1776]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Luciola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C1B6591AA059FFEDAFCC7D8EFAA0F972" box="[1263,1323,1753,1776]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, it has not been possible to determine what species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A059FFEDA9AB7DABFC1CF896" authority="Chujo and Sato" authorityName="Chujo and Sato" box="[648,919,1788,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Luciola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A059FFEDA9AB7DABFD56F896" box="[648,733,1788,1812]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Luciola</emphasis>
|
||
Chûjô and Satô
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
used in their key. Of the five characters they used, the usefulness of two, the shape and dentition of the apical labial palpomere and the semicircular shape of the pronotum is hereby challenged. The dentition of the apical labial palpomere is very variable in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A059FFEDAFD37C13FAE3F8DE" box="[1264,1384,1860,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Luciolinae">Luciolinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<tableCitation id="A5730DC8A059FFEDABB47C3FFF62F802" box="[151,233,1896,1920]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,235,292,313]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,342,1272]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="TABLE 3. Luciolinae genera recognised here, and attributes." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/BC8E68FBA046FFF2ABB47A73FC88FEB8" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" tableUuid="BC8E68FBA046FFF2ABB47A73FC88FEB8">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
) with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="374A86D1A059FFEDAA787C3EFE00F803" box="[347,395,1897,1921]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A059FFEDAACA7C3FFD07F802" box="[489,652,1896,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Luciola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="italica">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A059FFEDAACA7C3FFD07F802" box="[489,652,1896,1920]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Luciola italica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) having a broad triangular apical palpomere with the inner margin dentate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E84E3873A059FFEEABEA7CE7FC5BFE9E" blockId="21.[151,1437,1536,2028]" lastBlockId="22.[151,1437,151,789]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A059FFEDAA357CE7FE05F84A" box="[278,398,1968,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Luciolinae">Luciolinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
examined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A059FFEDA9087CE7FC1BF84A" author="Ballantyne" box="[555,912,1968,1992]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Ballantyne, L. A. & Lambkin, C. L. (2009) Systematics of Indo-Pacific fireflies with a redefinition of Australasian Atyphella Olliff, Madagascan Photuroluciola Pic, and description of seven new genera from the Luciolinae (Coleoptera: Lampyridae). Zootaxa, 1997, 1 - 188." type="journal article" year="2009">Ballantyne and Lambkin (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
over ten genera have a pronotum that could be described as semicircular in outline from above (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A059FFEDA9C97C83FBA7F86E" author="Ballantyne" box="[746,1068,2004,2028]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Ballantyne, L. A. & Lambkin, C. L. (2009) Systematics of Indo-Pacific fireflies with a redefinition of Australasian Atyphella Olliff, Madagascan Photuroluciola Pic, and description of seven new genera from the Luciolinae (Coleoptera: Lampyridae). Zootaxa, 1997, 1 - 188." type="journal article" year="2009">Ballantyne & Lambkin 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="70CA24F6A059FFEDAF177C83FB1CF86E" box="[1076,1175,2004,2028]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[193,1326,213,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[172,1414,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Habitus Emeia pseudosauteri. 1, 2 male; 3, 4 female; 5, 6 larva (1, 3, 5 dorsal; 2, 4, 6 ventral) (Scale bar = 5 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211557/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs 4, 5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="70CA24F6A059FFEDAF877C83FB66F86E" box="[1188,1261,2004,2028]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 15" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1883,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,628,1861]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,628,1862]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 15. Characters and states. Adult males. 10 – 12 Luciola indica Motschulsky male. 13 – 15 undescribed species 7 (Figure 7 number 4) male. 10, 11 whole body, (character 119); 12 aedeagus (character 271); 13, 14 terminal abdomen; 15 T 8 (10, 13, 15 ventral, 11, 12, 14 dorsal (characters 121 – 123)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211561/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">12, 15</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="70CA24F6A059FFEEAFDA7C83FF3DFF2D" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 25" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1908,1931]" captionTargetBox="[167,1416,193,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[165,1417,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 25. Emeia pseudosauteri male 16 – 22, female 23 – 25. 16, 17 aedeagal sheath (right margin of posterior section of sheath sternite arrowed in 16). 18, 19 aedeagus. 20 – 21 entire abdomen. 22 T 8. 23 genitalia, anterior end to top of page. 24, 25 female after prolonged soaking in ethanol, illuminated from below (extent of hind wing arrowed in 24). (16, 18, 20 22, 24 ventral, 17, 19, 21, 25 dorsal). (Scale bar = 1 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211562/files/figure.png" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">17, 19, 21, 23, 25</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="70CA24F6A05AFFEEABE27BC0FF6BFF2D" box="[193,224,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 36" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[218,1317,251,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[162,1424,195,1957]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 36. Habitus Curtos costipennis. 32, 33 male, 34, 35 female, 36 larva. (32, 34, 36 dorsal, 33, 35 ventral) (Scale bar = 5 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211564/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">34</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="70CA24F6A05AFFEEABC87BC0FE82FF2D" box="[235,265,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 37 – 42" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1667,1690]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,193,1646]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 37 – 42. Curtos costipennis larval head SEMs. 37 anterior; 38, 39 entire head; 40 detail anterior margin; 41 outer margin tip of mandible; 42 left antenna (37 dorsal surface uppermost; 38 dorsal; 39, 40 42 ventral)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211565/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">40</figureCitation>
|
||
, 63, 64, 65, 67, 68–74, 76, 77, 78, 118, 122–129, 137, 147, 150, 151, 158, 159, 166, 169, 177, 187, 196, 207–210, 229, 230, 255–263, 284, 285, 317, 318, 330–335, 337–340, 379, 382, 397, 407, 417, 418, 446, 447, 462, 469, 480, 490, 499, 504). The two species examined here, as well as most of the species pictured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05AFFEEAE057BB7FF6AFE9E" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Jeng, M. L., Yang, P. S., Sato, M., Lai, J. & Chang, J. C. (1998) The genus Curtos (Coleoptera, Lampyridae, Luciolinae) of Taiwan and Japan. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 4 (2), 331 - 347." type="journal article">
|
||
Jeng
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05AFFEEAE417BB6FA17FF7A" box="[1378,1436,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1998)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
have a pronotum where the sides are best described as subparallel.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E84E3873A05AFFEEABEA7A7FFBF9FE4D" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05AFFEEABEA7A7FFE10FEBD" box="[201,411,295,320]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Jeng, M. L., Yang, P. S., Sato, M., Lai, J. & Chang, J. C. (1998) The genus Curtos (Coleoptera, Lampyridae, Luciolinae) of Taiwan and Japan. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 4 (2), 331 - 347." type="journal article">
|
||
Jeng
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05AFFEEAA2B7A7EFECEFEC2" box="[264,325,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1998)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
revised
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05AFFEEA9207A7FFDC4FEBD" box="[515,591,296,319]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05AFFEEA9207A7FFDC4FEBD" box="[515,591,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Curtos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90E678E3A05AFFEEA9DA7A70FCC0FEBD" box="[761,843,295,319]" name="Taiwan" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and while not giving a generic redescription they mentioned the usefulness of the non toothed apex of the apical maxillary (not labial) palpomere (error confirmed by Jeng pers. com.), and the humeral carina, as taxonomic characters. All the species they figured had distinctive elytral punctation, a well defined humeral carina and lateral lobes of the aedeagus of uneven lengths, all features used in defining
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05AFFEEAA717AEFFE15FE4D" box="[338,414,440,463]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05AFFEEAA717AEFFE15FE4D" box="[338,414,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Curtos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in keys to genera in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05AFFEEA9AB7AE0FC65FE4D" author="Ballantyne" box="[648,1006,439,463]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Ballantyne, L. A. & Lambkin, C. L. (2009) Systematics of Indo-Pacific fireflies with a redefinition of Australasian Atyphella Olliff, Madagascan Photuroluciola Pic, and description of seven new genera from the Luciolinae (Coleoptera: Lampyridae). Zootaxa, 1997, 1 - 188." type="journal article" year="2009">Ballantyne and Lambkin (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and herein.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E84E3873A05AFFEEABEA7A8BFBC0FD4E" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05AFFEEABEA7A8BFE1BFE76" author="Geisthardt" box="[201,400,476,500]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Geisthardt, M. (2004) New and Known fireflies from Mount Emei (China) (Coleoptera: Lampyridae). Mitteilungen des Internationalen entomologischen Vereins, 29 (1 / 2), 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="2004">Geisthardt (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05AFFEEA93B7A8AFDEFFE76" box="[536,612,477,500]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05AFFEEA93B7A8AFDEFFE76" box="[536,612,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Curtos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
well defined in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05AFFEEA8657A8BFC35FE76" box="[838,958,476,500]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Luciolinae">Luciolinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of the “impressions at the base of the posterior angles” in the pronotum. This feature was not used in the male characters analysed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05AFFEEAE697AA8FE30FDBE" author="Ballantyne" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Ballantyne, L. A. & Lambkin, C. L. (2009) Systematics of Indo-Pacific fireflies with a redefinition of Australasian Atyphella Olliff, Madagascan Photuroluciola Pic, and description of seven new genera from the Luciolinae (Coleoptera: Lampyridae). Zootaxa, 1997, 1 - 188." type="journal article" year="2009">Ballantyne and Lambkin (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, nor herein, as such depressions are common to almost all species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05AFFEEAFF57973FAC5FDBE" box="[1238,1358,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Luciolinae">Luciolinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
examined thus far (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05AFFEEAA487910FD3EFDDD" author="Ballantyne" box="[363,693,583,607]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Ballantyne, L. A. & Lambkin, C. L. (2009) Systematics of Indo-Pacific fireflies with a redefinition of Australasian Atyphella Olliff, Madagascan Photuroluciola Pic, and description of seven new genera from the Luciolinae (Coleoptera: Lampyridae). Zootaxa, 1997, 1 - 188." type="journal article" year="2009">Ballantyne & Lambkin 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
previously quoted figures of dorsal pronota).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05AFFEEAFED791FFA17FDDD" box="[1230,1436,583,608]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Jeng, M. L., Yang, P. S., Sato, M., Lai, J. & Chang, J. C. (1998) The genus Curtos (Coleoptera, Lampyridae, Luciolinae) of Taiwan and Japan. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 4 (2), 331 - 347." type="journal article">
|
||
Jeng
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05AFFEEAE2F791EFACCFDE2" box="[1292,1351,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1998)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated the females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05AFFEEAA8C793AFE70FD06" box="[431,507,621,644]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05AFFEEAA8C793AFE70FD06" box="[431,507,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Curtos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are macropterous, and the larvae milky white, living in moist soil and preying on small snails.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C604582A05AFFEEAA1779D8FE4CFD25" author="Chen" box="[308,455,655,679]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Chen, T. R. (2003) The fireflies of Taiwan. Field Image publisher, Taipei, 255 pp. (in Chinese)." type="book" year="2003">Chen (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
illustrated the larvae, and Ballantyne and Lambkin’s phylogenetic analysis (2009) included the scoring of the morphological characters for one species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05AFFEEA89B79E2FB8FFD4E" box="[952,1028,693,716]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05AFFEEA89B79E2FB8FFD4E" box="[952,1028,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Curtos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larva.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E84E3873A05AFFEEABEA798FFB4EFC96" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05AFFEEABEA798FFE9DFD6D" box="[201,278,728,751]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05AFFEEABEA798FFE9DFD6D" box="[201,278,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Curtos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is presently known from 19 species from SE Asia especially
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90E678E3A05AFFEEA8C67980FBA3FD6D" box="[997,1064,727,751]" name="China" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
including
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90E678E3A05AFFEEAF867980FB7CFD6D" box="[1189,1271,727,751]" name="Taiwan" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="A5730DC8A05AFFEEAE2B7980FAE8FD6D" box="[1288,1379,727,751]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="22.[151,235,836,857]" captionTargetBox="[151,1228,885,1846]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="TABLE 4. Species of Curtos Motschulsky." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/BC8E68FBA05AFFEEABB47813FDC6FCDB" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" tableUuid="BC8E68FBA05AFFEEABB47813FDC6FCDB">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). No recent revision addresses all these species and there is as yet no key to all the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF143F0A05AFFEEAF5179AAFB35FC96" box="[1138,1214,765,788]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Curtos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA85E461A05AFFEEAF5179AAFB35FC96" box="[1138,1214,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Curtos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |