170 lines
16 KiB
XML
170 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="9F1B1E38BCFB940AA1ECB13CE91D4F01">Freshwater fishes of Iraq: a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="568EDA89CFB87E8D0A615A6FAF891B28">Çiçek, Erdoğan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4F492BB2FCEA08FE2078677551E4B633">Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Nevşehir Hacı BektaşVeli University, Nevşehir, Türkiye</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="245B644D2D84F4D9778D10E1EEFC1B98">Jawad, Laith</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7C0E1D0438188A93E4E39B6A96EDD502">School of Environmental and Animal Sciences, Unitec Institute of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C54763A4DC271729A5223BA091A750A3">Eagderi, Soheil</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A556D7ED7DF57A0C9837D587ABEC5BDF">Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F2A26633694E9D546B463E705BCD025E">Esmaeili, Hamid Reza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CDFF6E2955ADCA11B0B7385EF265A72C">Ichthyology and Molecular Systematics Research Laboratory, Zoology Section, Department of Biology, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2272ED7FF8172D9E60B744870AB77E15">Mouludi-Saleh, Atta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="97A132DFA3B6C9B12CCC5138CFE8A60C">Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BABCBF6ACCB57664BD001AAEB063815B">Sungur, Sevil</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="54E2800C346F928FDE02744212EBC35E">Health Services Vocational School, Nevşehir Hacı BektaşVeli University, Nevşehir, Türkiye</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9C3D998F4C550F02521DAC47779103CC">Fricke, Ronald</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CE9DA024B6E6BCE1427A00355086B434">Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde in Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="EF20CCD7B9C0DC5A0091981BE2994048">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="970EB08ADB005FBDEBDBFB1BF8965ABD">2023-10-17</mods:number>
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<treatment id="D65887E4FFB6FF9898C8D7B2FD0FFC2D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D65887E4FFB6FF9898C8D7B2FD0FFC2D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D65887E4FFB6FF9898C8D7B2FD0FFC2D" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB6FF9898C8D7B2FC48FE11" box="[151,902,439,466]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="0506819EFFB6FF9898C8D7B2FC48FE11" bold="true" box="[151,902,439,466]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB6FF9898C8D7B2FC48FE11" bold="true" box="[151,902,439,466]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName id="99F14D71FFB6FF9898C8D7B2FDF7FE11" ID-CoL="3F7VR" authority="Girard, 1859" authorityName="Girard" authorityYear="1859" box="[151,569,439,466]" family="Poeciliidae" genus="Gambusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="holbrooki">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB6FF9898C8D7B2FE41FE12" bold="true" box="[151,399,439,466]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Gambusia holbrooki</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB6FF9899C8D7B2FDF7FE11" author="Girard, C. F." box="[407,569,439,465]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="56 - 68" refId="ref37692" refString="Girard, C. F. (1859) Ichthyological notices. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 11, 56 - 68." type="journal article" year="1859">Girard, 1859</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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[I]—Eastern mosquitofish
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB6FF9898C8D7DEFCD9FDA1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB6FF9898C8D7DEFCD9FDA1" blockId="29.[151,1437,439,1006]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB6FF9898C8D7DEFED4FE35" bold="true" box="[151,282,475,501]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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Original description:
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<taxonomicName id="99F14D71FFB6FF989A51D7DEFC0EFE35" authority="Girard, 1859: 390" authorityName="Girard" authorityPageNumber="390" authorityYear="1859" box="[526,960,475,502]" family="Poeciliidae" genus="Gambusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="holbrooki">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB6FF989A51D7DEFD3AFE35" box="[526,756,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Gambusia holbrooki</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB6FF989AA5D7DEFC0EFE35" author="Girard, C. F." box="[762,960,475,502]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="56 - 68" refId="ref37692" refString="Girard, C. F. (1859) Ichthyological notices. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 11, 56 - 68." type="journal article" year="1859">Girard, 1859: 390</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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[Palatka, eastern Florida, (Palatka, eastern Florida and Charleston,
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<collectingRegion id="9C35F810FFB6FF9899A9D7FAFD6BFDD9" box="[502,677,511,537]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">South Carolina</collectingRegion>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB6FF989AE6D7FAFD3BFDD9" box="[697,757,511,537]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USA</collectingCountry>
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;
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<typeStatus id="814A8850FFB6FF989B5ED7FAFCA2FDD9" box="[769,876,511,537]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">lectotype</typeStatus>
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: ANSP 6976;
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<typeStatus id="814A8850FFB6FF989C51D7FAFBBBFDD9" box="[1038,1141,511,537]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">lectotype</typeStatus>
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selected by Huber (2019: 64)].—
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB6FF98996ED426FEACFDFD" box="[305,354,547,573]" name="Iraq" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Iraq</collectingCountry>
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synonyms: None.—Revisions:
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<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB6FF989A9AD426FC17FDFD" author="Rauchenberger, M." box="[709,985,547,573]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 74" refId="ref42731" refString="Rauchenberger, M. (1989) Systematics and biogeography of the genus Gambusia (Cyprinodontiformes: Poecilidae). American Museum Novitates, 2951, 1 - 74." type="journal article" year="1989">Rauchenberger (1989: 3)</bibRefCitation>
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.—Illustration:
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<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB6FF989CD6D426FEAEFDA1" author="McEachran, J. D. & Fechhelm, J. D." pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref40675" refString="McEachran, J. D. & Fechhelm, J. D. (1998) Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico. Vol. 1. Myxiniformes to Gasterosteiformes. Univeersity of Texas Press, Austin, Texas, 1112 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.7560 / 752061" type="book" year="1998">McEachran & Fechhelm (1998: 924</bibRefCitation>
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, fig.);
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<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB6FF9899F6D442FD41FDA1" author="Esmaeili, H. R." box="[425,655,583,609]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="295 - 318" refId="ref35785" refString="Esmaeili, H. R. (2021) Checklist of freshwater fishes of southwestern wetlands of Iran. In: Jawad, L. A. (Ed.), Southern Iraq's Marshes: Their Environment and Conservation. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 295 - 318. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 030 - 66238 - 7 _ 17" type="book chapter" year="2021">Esmaeili (2021: 313</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 17.18).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB6FF9898C8D46EFCEFFD32" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB6FF9898C8D46EFCEFFD32" blockId="29.[151,1437,439,1006]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB6FF9898C8D46EFE88FD45" bold="true" box="[151,326,619,645]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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Status in
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB6FF989955D46EFE8FFD45" box="[266,321,619,645]" name="Iraq" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Iraq</collectingCountry>
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.
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</emphasis>
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First record from Iraq by the government of Iraq during 1950s to combat malaria); confirmed by
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<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB6FF9898BCD48AFEB1FD69" author="Jawad, L." box="[227,383,655,681]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="581 - 593" refId="ref38468" refString="Jawad, L. (2003) Impact of environmental change on the freshwater fish fauna of Iraq. International Journal of Environmental Studies, 60 (6), 581 - 593. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 0020723032000087934" type="journal article" year="2003">Jawad (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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; Al-Faisal
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB6FF9899A3D495FDE1FD69" box="[508,559,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al</emphasis>
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. (2014).—Iraq materials: Fish Collection of the Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq; Fish collection at the Marine Science Centre, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB6FF9898C8D4FEFB47FC41" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB6FF9898C8D4FEFB47FC41" blockId="29.[151,1437,439,1006]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB6FF9898C8D4FEFE73FCD5" bold="true" box="[151,445,763,789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
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Distribution in
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB6FF989A36D4F9FD54FCD6" box="[617,666,764,790]" name="Iraq" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Iraq</collectingCountry>
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: Widespread all basins of
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB6FF989BEBD4FEFC2CFCD5" box="[948,994,763,789]" name="Iraq" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Iraq</collectingCountry>
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.—General distribution: North America: Atlantic and Gulf Coast drainages, eastern
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB6FF989AE8D51AFD3DFCF9" box="[695,755,799,825]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USA</collectingCountry>
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; widely introduced elsewhere for mosquito control.—Habitat: This species often occurs in shallow, often stagnant ponds and the shallow edges of lakes and streams where predatory fishes are largely absent and temperatures are high. Freshwater, brackish.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB6FF9898C8D58EFB12FC09" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB6FF9898C8D58EFD2BFC65" blockId="29.[151,1437,439,1006]" box="[151,741,907,934]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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||
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB6FF9898C8D58EFE6AFC65" bold="true" box="[151,420,907,933]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Economic importance.</emphasis>
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No commercial importance.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB6FF9898C8D5AAFB12FC09" blockId="29.[151,1437,439,1006]" box="[151,1244,943,970]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB6FF9898C8D5AAFE75FC09" bold="true" box="[151,443,943,969]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Reasons of introduction.</emphasis>
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Bio-control: to prevent eutrophication, aquatic plants, and pest control.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB6FF9898C8D5D6FD0FFC2D" box="[151,705,979,1006]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="conservation">
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB6FF9898C8D5D6FD0FFC2D" blockId="29.[151,1437,439,1006]" box="[151,705,979,1006]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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||
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB6FF9898C8D5D6FEF1FC2D" bold="true" box="[151,319,979,1005]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Conservation.</emphasis>
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Not relevant (introduced species).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
</treatment>
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||
</document> |