196 lines
18 KiB
XML
196 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="319E5FF049A484D5668D44DE89BE37ED" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5357.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10012543" ID-ZooBank="7CDE221A-1E73-416D-A984-23E64D9451A6" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="diego" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1697528271103" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Çiçek, Erdoğan, Jawad, Laith, Eagderi, Soheil, Esmaeili, Hamid Reza, Mouludi-Saleh, Atta, Sungur, Sevil & Fricke, Ronald" docDate="2023" docId="D65887E4FFB2FF9F98C8D07AFD0FFE6D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5357.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5357 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5357.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Heteropneustes fossilis" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="2A61FF9CFFABFF85985FD605FFCEFFC0" masterDocTitle="Freshwater fishes of Iraq: a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023" masterLastPageNumber="49" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="26" updateTime="1697649769362" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="17BF96EB2A5D04F2B2DD81CED1F6B157">Freshwater fishes of Iraq: a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="BB9F5C5DFBE3CCCB97D9166B7537917C" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D0C099B509CB6B4DBE2490C8BC64C47C">Çiçek, Erdoğan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E614B48D07AD1EA341CBE848B12063BA">Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Nevşehir Hacı BektaşVeli University, Nevşehir, Türkiye</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3B713ED306B30B5FFE1AE396B24BAF87">Jawad, Laith</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0D867B263D698072A7AFA2FE946896BD">School of Environmental and Animal Sciences, Unitec Institute of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="62F2DEE42086BCFD37FE79B91D6A1986">Eagderi, Soheil</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DB7D89EA55A130CC8604411DC01AB4DC">Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BD81E3904A8AB3D0A41E9064F82C9ABF">Esmaeili, Hamid Reza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9AC67D962101DF6E727F392B0AFF5878">Ichthyology and Molecular Systematics Research Laboratory, Zoology Section, Department of Biology, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="ACB067718233507AF299B81C8B77A9C1">Mouludi-Saleh, Atta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="890A20F3BA82E8D751AA3C46BE57A45B">Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3C99D38EC1DC54516AF9A8DDF493DB42">Sungur, Sevil</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="10F9B794B9B655C08C1834151163E72D">Health Services Vocational School, Nevşehir Hacı BektaşVeli University, Nevşehir, Türkiye</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="93A5F8D0745CFC2128CB773893540071">Fricke, Ronald</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CF293DA69EA91E0EC24F59F3E6789DE3">Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde in Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="C1F5F55745394674D2565DF8E77704D6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A6C6C49FAF82E480E0ECF8F4A3E120BB">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C222389D8CB6ECE23166625846C9FAA9">2023-10-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FBA5DD541F643B57A8EB472DDFB23856">5357</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="7C5FECB54E3692F2E9359DFFDE32D510">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="D65887E4FFB2FF9F98C8D07AFD0FFE6D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10019198" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10019198" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D65887E4FFB2FF9F98C8D07AFD0FFE6D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D65887E4FFB2FF9F98C8D07AFD0FFE6D" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB2FF9C98C8D07AFD20F958" box="[151,750,1662,1689]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB2FF9C98C8D07AFD20F958" blockId="25.[151,1437,1662,2013]" box="[151,750,1662,1689]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<heading id="0506819EFFB2FF9C98C8D07AFD20F958" bold="true" box="[151,750,1662,1689]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C98C8D07AFD20F958" bold="true" box="[151,750,1662,1689]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<taxonomicName id="99F14D71FFB2FF9C98C8D07AFD97F958" ID-CoL="3LC74" authority="(Bloch, 1794)" baseAuthorityName="Bloch" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[151,601,1662,1689]" family="Heteropneustidae" genus="Heteropneustes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fossilis">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C98C8D07AFE63F959" bold="true" box="[151,429,1662,1689]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Heteropneustes fossilis</emphasis>
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(
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||
<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB2FF9C99E2D07BFD9FF958" author="Bloch, M. E." box="[445,593,1662,1688]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="361 - 396" refId="ref33495" refString="Bloch, M. E. (1794) Naturgeschichte der auslandischen Fische. Vol. 8. Verfasser, Berlin, iv + 174, pls. 361 - 396." type="journal article" year="1794">Bloch, 1794</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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[I]—Singee
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB2FF9C98C8D0A7FD2BF8C4" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB2FF9C98C8D0A7FD2BF8C4" blockId="25.[151,1437,1662,2013]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C98C8D0A7FED4F97C" bold="true" box="[151,282,1698,1724]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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Original description:
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<taxonomicName id="99F14D71FFB2FF9C9A49D0A7FC4EF97C" authority="Bloch, 1794: 46" authorityName="Bloch" authorityPageNumber="46" authorityYear="1794" box="[534,896,1698,1724]" family="Siluridae" genus="Silurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fossilis">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C9A49D0A7FD73F97C" box="[534,701,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Silurus fossilis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB2FF9C9A9AD0A7FC4EF97C" author="Bloch, M. E." box="[709,896,1698,1724]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="361 - 396" refId="ref33495" refString="Bloch, M. E. (1794) Naturgeschichte der auslandischen Fische. Vol. 8. Verfasser, Berlin, iv + 174, pls. 361 - 396." type="journal article" year="1794">Bloch, 1794: 46</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Pl. 370 (fig. 2) [
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9C15D0A7FB04F97C" box="[1098,1226,1698,1724]" name="India" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Tranquebar</collectingCountry>
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||
[
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9C83D0A7FA5CF97C" box="[1244,1426,1698,1724]" name="India" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Tharangambadi</collectingCountry>
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],
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C98BCD0C3FEEEF920" box="[227,288,1734,1760]" name="India" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">India</collectingCountry>
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;
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<typeStatus id="814A8850FFB2FF9C9971D0C3FE57F920" box="[302,409,1734,1760]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">lectotype</typeStatus>
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: ZMB 3074].—
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9A12D0C3FDB3F920" box="[589,637,1734,1760]" name="Iraq" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Iraq</collectingCountry>
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synonyms: None.—Revisions: Ratmuangkhwang
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C9CE1D0C2FB3FF920" box="[1214,1265,1734,1760]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
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. (2014: 82).— Illustration:
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<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB2FF9C9933D0EFFDEBF8C4" author="Bloch, M. E." box="[364,549,1770,1796]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="361 - 396" refId="ref33495" refString="Bloch, M. E. (1794) Naturgeschichte der auslandischen Fische. Vol. 8. Verfasser, Berlin, iv + 174, pls. 361 - 396." type="journal article" year="1794">Bloch (1794: 46</bibRefCitation>
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, Pl. 370 (fig. 2)).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB2FF9C98C8D10BFB83F855" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB2FF9C98C8D10BFB83F855" blockId="25.[151,1437,1662,2013]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C98C8D10BFE86F8E8" bold="true" box="[151,328,1806,1832]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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Status in
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9953D10BFE8DF8E8" box="[268,323,1806,1832]" name="Iraq" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Iraq</collectingCountry>
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.
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</emphasis>
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First record from Iraq by
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<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB2FF9C9A22D10BFCEFF8E8" author="Khalaf, K. T." box="[637,801,1806,1832]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref39800" refString="Khalaf, K. T. (1961) The marine and freshwater fishes of Iraq. Al-Rabitta Press, Baghdad: 164 pp." type="book" year="1961">Khalaf (1961)</bibRefCitation>
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. This species has been introduced in Iraq in late 1950s (
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<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB2FF9C98B4D137FEB5F88D" author="Jawad, L. A." box="[235,379,1842,1869]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="52 - 61" refId="ref38658" refString="Jawad, L. A. (2015) The Indian catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch, 1794) Envenomation - A report of four cases from Basrah and Maysan, South of Iraq. TOFIQ Journal of Medical Sciences, 2 (2), 52 - 61." type="journal article" year="2015">Jawad, 2015</bibRefCitation>
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) and Al-Hassan & Muhsin (1986) from the marine waters of Iraq; confirmed by Al-Hassan & Muhsin (1986); Al-Faisal
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C9A57D152FDF4F8B0" box="[520,570,1878,1904]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
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. (2014).—Iraq materials: Fish Collection of the Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB2FF9F98C8D19BFBF3FE81" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="distribution">
|
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB2FF9F98C8D19BFBF3FE81" blockId="25.[151,1437,1662,2013]" lastBlockId="26.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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||
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C98C8D19BFE71F878" bold="true" box="[151,447,1950,1976]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
|
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Distribution in
|
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9A32D19AFD50F879" box="[621,670,1951,1977]" name="Iraq" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Iraq</collectingCountry>
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: Euphrates River.—General distribution: South Asia:
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9CAFD19BFA9CF878" box="[1264,1362,1950,1976]" name="Pakistan" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9D03D19BFA56F878" box="[1372,1432,1950,1976]" name="India" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C98BCD1C7FE9AF81C" box="[227,340,1986,2012]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C993FD1C7FE7AF81C" box="[352,436,1986,2012]" name="Bhutan" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C999FD1C7FDC8F81C" box="[448,518,1986,2012]" name="Nepal" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9A4DD1C7FD56F81C" box="[530,664,1986,2012]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9AFCD1C6FCDCF81D" box="[675,786,1987,2013]" name="Myanmar" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9B41D1C7FC4AF81C" box="[798,900,1986,2012]" name="Thailand" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9B9FD1C6FC38F81D" box="[960,1014,1987,2013]" name="Laos" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Laos</collectingCountry>
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and?
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9C65D1C7FB4CF81C" box="[1082,1154,1986,2012]" name="China" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">China</collectingCountry>
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. Introduced in
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9D73D1C6FA92F81D" box="[1324,1372,1987,2013]" name="Iran" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Iran</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9D37D1C6FA56F81D" box="[1384,1432,1987,2013]" name="Iraq" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Iraq</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB1FF9F98BCD692FEEFFF71" box="[227,289,151,177]" name="Syria" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Syria</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB1FF9F993FD692FE7FFF71" box="[352,433,151,177]" name="Turkey" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
.—Habitat: This species inhabits freshwater and, rarely, brackish waters as well. This is primarily a fish of ponds, ditches, creeks, swamps, and marshes, but it is sometimes found in muddy rivers. Its air-breathing apparatus enables it to exist in almost any kind of water quality. Generally, during the dry season, it lives in semi-liquid and semi-dry mud, and, even when the mud dries, they take their bodies to the bottom of the fissures and crevices formed by the cracking mud. Freshwater.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB1FF9F98C8D74FFB8DFE49" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB1FF9F98C8D74FFD09FEA5" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,429]" box="[151,711,330,357]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB1FF9F98C8D74FFE6AFEA4" bold="true" box="[151,420,330,356]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Economic importance.</emphasis>
|
||
Commercially important.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB1FF9F98C8D76AFB8DFE49" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,429]" box="[151,1091,366,393]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB1FF9F98C8D76AFE75FE48" bold="true" box="[151,443,366,393]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Reasons of introduction.</emphasis>
|
||
Fisheries: enhancement of wild stocks and sports fishing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB1FF9F98C8D797FD0FFE6D" box="[151,705,402,429]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB1FF9F98C8D797FD0FFE6D" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,429]" box="[151,705,402,429]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB1FF9F98C8D797FEF1FE6C" bold="true" box="[151,319,402,428]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Not relevant (introduced species).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |