treatments-xml/data/D6/58/87/D65887E4FFB2FF9C98C8D76BFD86FC40.xml
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<mods:title id="33C28E813E5738A6092404E6248FB26E">Freshwater fishes of Iraq: a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="5E14E3E2672DF486A3ACA77A705569EC">Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Nevşehir Hacı BektaşVeli University, Nevşehir, Türkiye</mods:affiliation>
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<heading id="0506819EFFB2FF9C98C8D76BFD11FE48" bold="true" box="[151,735,366,393]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="99F14D71FFB2FF9C98C8D76BFDCBFE48" ID-CoL="6YPTG" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[151,517,366,393]" family="Siluridae" genus="Silurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glanis">
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C98C8D76BFE8EFE49" bold="true" box="[151,320,366,393]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Silurus glanis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB2FF9C9918D76BFDCBFE48" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[327,517,366,392]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref40481" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, ii + 824 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[I]—Wels catfish
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB2FF9C98C8D797FB92FE34" blockId="25.[151,1437,366,896]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C98C8D797FED4FE6C" bold="true" box="[151,282,402,428]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
Original description:
<taxonomicName id="99F14D71FFB2FF9C9A47D797FC65FE6C" authority="Linnaeus, 1758: 304" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="304" authorityYear="1758" box="[536,939,402,429]" family="Siluridae" genus="Silurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glanis">
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C9A47D797FD7BFE6C" box="[536,693,402,428]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Silurus glanis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB2FF9C9A9FD797FC65FE6C" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[704,939,402,429]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref40481" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, ii + 824 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758: 304</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[Orient, less frequently in European lakes;
<typeStatus id="814A8850FFB2FF9C98BCD7B2FE87FE11" box="[227,329,439,465]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">syntypes</typeStatus>
: BMNH 1853.11.12.168 (1, skin), NRM 59 (1)].—
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9B21D7B3FC7CFE10" box="[894,946,438,464]" name="Iraq" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Iraq</collectingCountry>
synonyms: None.—Revisions:
<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB2FF9C9D49D7B2FED8FE34" author="Berg, L. S." pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 496" refId="ref33166" refString="Berg, L. S. (1949) Ryby presnych vod SSSR i sopredelnych stan. [Freshwater fishes of the U. S. S. R. and adjacent countries]. Vol. 2. 4 th Edition. Opredeliteli po faune SSSR. [Guide to the Fauna of the U. S. S. R.], Moskva. Freshwater fishes of the U. S. S. R. and adjacent countries, No. 29, 467 - 925. [in Russian, English translation appeared in Israel Program of Scientific Translation, Jerusalem, 1964, pp. 1 - 496]" type="journal article" year="1949">Berg (1949: 904)</bibRefCitation>
.—Illustration:
<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB2FF9C999CD7DEFD7AFE35" author="Berg, L. S." box="[451,692,474,501]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 496" refId="ref33166" refString="Berg, L. S. (1949) Ryby presnych vod SSSR i sopredelnych stan. [Freshwater fishes of the U. S. S. R. and adjacent countries]. Vol. 2. 4 th Edition. Opredeliteli po faune SSSR. [Guide to the Fauna of the U. S. S. R.], Moskva. Freshwater fishes of the U. S. S. R. and adjacent countries, No. 29, 467 - 925. [in Russian, English translation appeared in Israel Program of Scientific Translation, Jerusalem, 1964, pp. 1 - 496]" type="journal article" year="1949">Berg (1949: 904905</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 656657);
<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB2FF9C9B2DD7DFFB96FE34" author="Jawad, L. A. &amp; Abed, J. &amp; Mohsen, Z. &amp; Al-Janabi, M." box="[882,1112,474,501]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="85 - 100" refId="ref38786" refString="Jawad, L. A., Abed, J., Mohsen, Z. &amp; Al-Janabi, M. (2021 a) A confirmed record of the European catfish Silurus glanis L., 1758 (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes: Siluridae) from the southern marshes of Iraq, with a new anatomical set of characters to separate S. glanis and S. triostegus. Integrative Systematics: Stuttgart Contributions to Natural History, 3 (1), 85 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.18476 / insy. v 03. a 6" type="journal article" year="2021">
Jawad
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C9BE0D7DEFC3EFE34" box="[959,1008,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
. (2021a)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB2FF9C98C8D7FBFCA9FDFD" blockId="25.[151,1437,366,896]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C98C8D7FBFE87FDD8" bold="true" box="[151,329,510,536]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Status in
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9952D7FBFE8AFDD8" box="[269,324,510,536]" name="Iraq" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Iraq</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
First record from Iraq by anecdotal reports of
<taxonomicName id="99F14D71FFB2FF9C9B31D7FAFC1FFDD8" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[878,977,510,537]" family="Siluridae" genus="Silurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glanis">
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C9B31D7FAFCB2FDD9" box="[878,892,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C9BD2D7FBFC1FFDD8" box="[909,977,510,536]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">glanis</emphasis>
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in an unspecified locality in Iraq exist; confirmed by Jawad
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C9992D426FE30FDFC" box="[461,510,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
. (2020).—Iraq materials: None.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB2FF9C98C8D443FC80FD0C" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB2FF9C98C8D443FC80FD0C" blockId="25.[151,1437,366,896]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C98C8D443FE06FDA0" bold="true" box="[151,456,582,608]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
Distribution in
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9ADCD442FD7AFDA1" box="[643,692,583,609]" name="Iraq" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Iraq</collectingCountry>
: unspecified locality in
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9B94D442FC36FDA1" box="[971,1016,583,609]" name="Iraq" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Iraq</collectingCountry>
exists.—General distribution: North America; Eastern Europe to central Asia. Widely introduced elsewhere.—Habitat: This species inhabits large and medium-sized lowland rivers, backwaters, and well-vegetated lakes. Spawns in shallow, warm, and well vegetated riverine habitats without current. Freshwater.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB2FF9C98C8D4D3FD09FD30" blockId="25.[151,1437,366,896]" box="[151,711,726,752]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C98C8D4D3FE6AFD30" bold="true" box="[151,420,726,752]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Economic importance.</emphasis>
Commercially important.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB2FF9C98C8D4FFFB8DFCD4" blockId="25.[151,1437,366,896]" box="[151,1091,762,789]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C98C8D4FFFE75FCD4" bold="true" box="[151,443,762,788]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Reasons of introduction.</emphasis>
Fisheries: enhancement of wild stocks and sports fishing.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB2FF9C98C8D51BFD86FC40" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB2FF9C98C8D51BFD86FC40" blockId="25.[151,1437,366,896]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB2FF9C98C8D51BFEF1FCF8" bold="true" box="[151,319,798,824]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Conservation.</emphasis>
Conservation Status in
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB2FF9C9A2DD51AFD6DFCF9" box="[626,675,799,825]" name="Iraq" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Iraq</collectingCountry>
: Unknown.—IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023).—Threats: HAB.—Low sensitivity to human activities.—Not considered a keystone species.—Decline status: Unknown.—Low priority for conservation action.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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