treatments-xml/data/D6/58/87/D65887E4FFAEFF8098C8D7FBFD86FBBC.xml
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<document id="F8CB06F3C61C3EAC44DFB3FA59DDF50B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5357.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10012543" ID-ZooBank="7CDE221A-1E73-416D-A984-23E64D9451A6" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="diego" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1697528271103" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Çiçek, Erdoğan, Jawad, Laith, Eagderi, Soheil, Esmaeili, Hamid Reza, Mouludi-Saleh, Atta, Sungur, Sevil &amp; Fricke, Ronald" docDate="2023" docId="D65887E4FFAEFF8098C8D7FBFD86FBBC" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5357.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5357 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5357.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Chanos chanos" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="2A61FF9CFFABFF85985FD605FFCEFFC0" masterDocTitle="Freshwater fishes of Iraq: a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023" masterLastPageNumber="49" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1697639214288" updateUser="diego" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="F1717BF36D567C0FE5A57F170BE967FB">Freshwater fishes of Iraq: a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5A1133F33249DDA046C159DBFE8CF88D">Çiçek, Erdoğan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="899029616F9E01D33802C5D2F7E38D6D">Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Nevşehir Hacı BektaşVeli University, Nevşehir, Türkiye</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9586D78FDAA26F93837F0162B246FE17">Jawad, Laith</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A7BB0E95ADEC22DEC5758C4E55F643B9">Eagderi, Soheil</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7909AEB5224F5758D459220301CC1292">Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="879006A2B7C89998944AEB5200DCA510">Esmaeili, Hamid Reza</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DC2D084F2FE6149BBB723CDC44FE9AD1">Ichthyology and Molecular Systematics Research Laboratory, Zoology Section, Department of Biology, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A0F146F4F60E24145BD52D79910D004E">Mouludi-Saleh, Atta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8D9FE550D4C4B341579A0AD2D494C65F">Sungur, Sevil</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="25017DBC651BEAAFCF765ABC48F6035E">Health Services Vocational School, Nevşehir Hacı BektaşVeli University, Nevşehir, Türkiye</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="85C2FFDABF2EEAC9AB110522F8A13B51">Fricke, Ronald</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="ED641B7F3D18269ECEEC9EC5CEBD9E33">Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde in Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFAEFF8098C8D7FBFD2AFDD8" box="[151,740,510,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFAEFF8098C8D7FBFD2AFDD8" blockId="5.[151,1437,510,1148]" box="[151,740,510,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<heading id="0506819EFFAEFF8098C8D7FBFD2AFDD8" bold="true" box="[151,740,510,537]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFAEFF8098C8D7FBFD2AFDD8" bold="true" box="[151,740,510,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="99F14D71FFAEFF8098C8D7FBFDE3FDD8" ID-CoL="TM62" authority="(Fabricius, 1775)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[151,557,510,537]" family="Chanidae" genus="Chanos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gonorynchiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chanos">
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFAEFF8098C8D7FBFE9FFDD9" bold="true" box="[151,337,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Chanos chanos</emphasis>
(Fabricius, 1775)
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[N]—Milkfish
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFAEFF8098C8D427FC96FD44" blockId="5.[151,1437,510,1148]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFAEFF8098C8D427FED4FDFC" bold="true" box="[151,282,546,572]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="EE993CAFFFAEFF80997CD427FC9AFD44" collectionCode="ZMUC" country="Saudi Arabia" location="Saudi Arabia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="P17154" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
Original description:
<taxonomicName id="99F14D71FFAEFF809A47D427FCEBFDFC" authority="Fabricius" authorityName="Fabricius" box="[536,805,546,572]" family="Mugilidae" genus="Mugil" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mugiliformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chanos">
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFAEFF809A47D427FD7DFDFC" box="[536,691,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Mugil chanos</emphasis>
Fabricius
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in Niebuhr (ex Forsskål) 1775: 74, xiv [Jeddah,
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFAEFF809D03D427FEFCFDA0" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
, Red Sea (not Mediterranean Sea);
<typeStatus id="814A8850FFAEFF809A9BD443FCE4FDA0" box="[708,810,582,608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="38E0AE37FFAEFF809B69D443FC49FDA0" box="[822,903,582,608]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ZMUC</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="0E579E89FFAEFF809BD1D443FC2AFDA1" box="[910,996,582,609]" collectionCode="ZMUC" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P17154</specimenCode>
(dry skin)].—
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFAEFF809CDCD443FB7DFDA0" box="[1155,1203,582,608]" name="Iraq" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Iraq</collectingCountry>
synonyms: None.— Revisions: None.—Illustration: Randall (2005: 60, fig.)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFAEFF8098C8D48BFB9CFD69" box="[151,1106,654,681]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFAEFF8098C8D48BFB9CFD69" blockId="5.[151,1437,510,1148]" box="[151,1106,654,681]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFAEFF8098C8D48BFE8DFD68" bold="true" box="[151,323,654,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Status in
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFAEFF809958D48BFEF0FD68" box="[263,318,654,680]" name="Iraq" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Iraq</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
First record from Iraq by
<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFAEFF809A37D48BFC8EFD68" author="Qasim, A. M. &amp; Mutlak, F. M. &amp; Al-Faisal, A. J. &amp; Jawad, L. A. J." box="[616,832,654,681]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="83 - 87" refId="ref42576" refString="Qasim, A. M., Mutlak, F. M., Al-Faisal, A. J. &amp; Jawad, L. A. J. (2019) December. Reports on the presence of the milkfish Chanos chanos (Forsskal, 1775) (Gonorynchiformes: Chanidae) in the Shatt al-Arab River, Basrah, and in the marine waters of Iraq, with notes on its tolerance to freshwater. Anales de Biologia, 41, 83 - 87. https: // doi. org / 10.6018 / analesbio. 41.12" type="journal article" year="2019">
Qasim
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFAEFF809AE7D48AFD27FD68" box="[696,745,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al</emphasis>
. (2019)
</bibRefCitation>
.—Iraq materials: None.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFAEFF8098C8D4B7FD5CFC2C" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFAEFF8098C8D4B7FD5CFC2C" blockId="5.[151,1437,510,1148]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFAEFF8098C8D4B7FE0CFD0C" bold="true" box="[151,450,690,716]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
Distribution in
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFAEFF809A2AD4B6FD68FD0D" box="[629,678,691,717]" name="Iraq" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Iraq</collectingCountry>
: Shatt al-Arab River.—General distribution: Red Sea; Indo-Pacific:
<collectingRegion id="9C35F810FFAEFF8098BCD4D3FE5DFD30" box="[227,403,726,752]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFAEFF8099F9D4D3FDF1FD30" box="[422,575,726,752]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">South Africa</collectingCountry>
), East Africa, Persian Gulf,
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFAEFF809BD0D4D3FBC4FD30" box="[911,1034,726,752]" name="Seychelles" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFAEFF809C46D4D3FB6CFD30" box="[1049,1186,726,752]" name="Madagascar" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, and Mascarenes (
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFAEFF809D20D4D2FE8BFCD4" name="Réunion" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">La Réunion</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFAEFF80990CD4FFFE0DFCD4" box="[339,451,762,788]" name="Mauritius" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
, and Rodrigues) east to Hawaiian Islands (
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFAEFF809BE7D4FFFBC8FCD4" box="[952,1030,762,788]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
), north to southern
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFAEFF809CB0D4FEFAFCFCD5" box="[1263,1330,763,789]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Japan</collectingCountry>
, south to
<collectingRegion id="9C35F810FFAEFF8098BCD51AFE7FFCF8" box="[227,433,798,825]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="9C35F810FFAEFF8099E1D51AFD43FCF8" box="[446,653,798,825]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFAEFF809AC1D51BFCC6FCF8" box="[670,776,798,824]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Australia</collectingCountry>
) and
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFAEFF809B12D51BFC36FCF8" box="[845,1016,798,824]" name="Norfolk Island" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Norfolk Island</collectingCountry>
; eastern Pacific: southern
<collectingRegion id="9C35F810FFAEFF809D74D51BFA53FCF8" box="[1323,1437,798,824]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">California</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFAEFF8098B3D547FEF7FC9C" box="[236,313,834,860]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
) south to northern
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFAEFF809A47D546FD80FC9D" box="[536,590,835,861]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Peru</collectingCountry>
, including
<collectingRegion id="9C35F810FFAEFF809A91D547FC53FC9C" box="[718,925,834,860]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Galapagos Islands</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFAEFF809BF1D547FBDCFC9C" box="[942,1042,834,860]" name="Ecuador" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
); Mediterranean Sea immigrant.— Habitat: This species is a marine species that enters estuaries and rivers. It is a benthopelagic, amphidromous species that occurs in tropical waters between depths of 1 and
<specimenCount id="48F7FD7BFFAEFF809BF0D58FFC3FFC65" box="[943,1009,906,933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="generic">
<quantity id="99099B17FFAEFF809BF0D58FFC23FC65" box="[943,1005,906,933]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
It is found in offshore marine waters and shallow coastal embayments; it also frequently enters estuaries and occasionally penetrates freshwater streams. Freshwater, brackish, marine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFAEFF8098C8D5F3FD09FBD0" blockId="5.[151,1437,510,1148]" box="[151,711,1014,1040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFAEFF8098C8D5F3FE6AFBD0" bold="true" box="[151,420,1014,1040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Economic importance.</emphasis>
Commercially important.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFAEFF8098C8D21FFD86FBBC" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFAEFF8098C8D21FFD86FBBC" blockId="5.[151,1437,510,1148]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFAEFF8098C8D21FFEF1FBF4" bold="true" box="[151,319,1050,1076]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Conservation.</emphasis>
Conservation status in
<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFAEFF809A0BD21EFD4BFBF5" box="[596,645,1051,1077]" name="Iraq" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Iraq</collectingCountry>
: Unknown.—IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023).—Threats: COM, FIT.—Low sensitivity to human activities.—Not considered a keystone species.—Decline status: Unknown.—Low priority for conservation action.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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