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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.254.3952" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8631c771-5ff6-4aa3-82b1-9b892d4736d8" ID-PMC="PMC3561924" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-254-109" ID-PubMed="23378819" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-254-109" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 254" ModsDocTitle="Taxonomic study of the genus Thisizima Walker, 1864 in China, with descriptions of two new species (Lepidoptera, Tineidae)" checkinTime="1451247811322" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Yang, Linlin, Li, Houhun &amp; Kendrick, Roger C." docDate="2012" docId="4858FD5D4386E986D614804220D40352" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 254: 109-120" docOrigin="ZooKeys 254" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.254.3952" docTitle="Thisizima Walker 1864" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="112" masterDocId="6600FF8DFFE8FFB4C10AFFE4FFBEFFFD" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic study of the genus Thisizima Walker, 1864 in China, with descriptions of two new species (Lepidoptera, Tineidae)" masterLastPageNumber="120" masterPageNumber="109" pageNumber="110" updateTime="1668155064926" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Taxonomic study of the genus Thisizima Walker, 1864 in China, with descriptions of two new species (Lepidoptera, Tineidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Yang, Linlin</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Li, Houhun</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kendrick, Roger C.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>254</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>109</mods:start>
<mods:end>120</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.254.3952</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.254.3952</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-254-109</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152039429" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4858FD5D4386E986D614804220D40352" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4858FD5D4386E986D614804220D40352" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="110" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="110">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Thisizima" authority="Walker, 1864" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1864" class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thisizima Walker, 1864</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="110" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="110">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thisizima</taxonomicName>
Walker, 1864: 820.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="110" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="110">Type species:</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="110">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima ceratella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceratella">Thisizima ceratella</taxonomicName>
Walker, 1864: 820, by monotypy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="111" type="generic characters">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="111" start="start">Generic</pageBreakToken>
characters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
Head with tufts of erect piliform scales. Antenna (Figs 5, 6) about 1.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of forewing in male, and 0.75
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length in female; scape expanded, pecten with fewer than 15 bristles; flagellum compressed broadly and flatly, although considerably broader in male, with appressed scales, cilia not visible without removal of scales. Maxillary palpus rather reduced, minute, 1/3 length of first segment of labial palpus, 4-segmented, segmental ratio 2:1:1.5:1. Labial palpus (Figs 7, 8) rather long, almost 2.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
height of head, curved, ascending; segmental ratio 1:2:2; second segment with dense forwards projecting piliform scales, with 67 lateral bristles; third segment with appressed scales, slender and pointed, without vom
<normalizedToken originalValue="Raths">Rath's</normalizedToken>
organ. Forewing (Fig. 4) with costa moderately arched, apex roundly obtuse, termen obliquely rounded; unicolored or bicolored; all veins separate, R1 from basal 1/4 of cell, R3 from upper angle, R5 to apex, M3 close to CuA1 at base, CuA1 from lower angle of cell, forked portion of A1+2 about 1/3 length of vein, trace of CuP weak, cell closed, with trace of chorda and M stem; retinaculum in male subcostal, elongately triangular, with broad base and curled apex. Hind wing (Fig. 4) with costa moderately arched, apex rounded, slightly pointed than forewing, termen more oblique than forewing; all veins present, Rs parallel to Sc+R1, CuA2 from middle of lower margin of cell, trace of CuP weak, cell closed, with weak trace of M stem; frenulum with one stout bristle, sharp toward apex, angled at basal one third in male; also one bristle in female, much slender and shorter than in male. Legs smoothly scaled, except hind tibia with moderately elongate scales; foretibial epiphysis absent, hind tarsus without spine; tibial spur pattern 0-2-4, mid leg with outer spur about half length of inner spur, hind leg with outer mid spur about 0.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of inner spur, outer proximal spur about 0.6
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of inner spur.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Male genitalia. Corema absent in eighth segment. Vinculum rather broad, forming a strongly sclerotized cylinder with ill-defined tegumen. Uncus bilobate. Gnathos and subscaphium absent. Valva complex, base broad, scattered with strong hairs on outer surface; apodeme short, digitate. Transtilla absent.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
Female genitalia. Corethrogyne present in seventh segment, invaginated into three intersegmental pouches. Ovipositor short and broad; papillae anales large, setose, sclerotized laterally; with one membranous dorsal sac and three ventral sacs between papillae anales, flower-like on top view. Apophyses short, apophysis posterior about 0.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of apophysis anterior. Ostium located on seventh sternite. Antrum distinct, anatropous.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="111" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
The elongate, curved, ascending labial palpus of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thisizima</taxonomicName>
is quite similar to that of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Tinissa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tinissa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tinissa</taxonomicName>
Walker, 1864 in
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Scardiinae">Scardiinae</taxonomicName>
, to that of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Euplocamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euplocamus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Euplocamus</taxonomicName>
Latreille, 1809 and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Psecadioides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psecadioides" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Psecadioides</taxonomicName>
Butler, 1881 in
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Euplocaminae">Euplocaminae</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thisizima</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished by the antenna with flagellum strongly flattened in both sexes; while the antenna is filiform in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Tinissa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tinissa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tinissa</taxonomicName>
, and bipectinate in male and filiform in female in
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Euplocaminae">Euplocaminae</taxonomicName>
. Besides, R4 and R5 on the forewing are separated in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thisizima</taxonomicName>
, but stalked in the last three genera. The corethrogyne of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thisizima</taxonomicName>
in female is invaginated into three intersegmental pouches that can also be found in
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Perissomasticinae">Perissomasticinae</taxonomicName>
, but its other female characters are quite different from those of the members in
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Perissomasticinae">Perissomasticinae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="111" type="biology">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Little is known about its biology. The living habitat is shown in figures 12 and 13.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="111" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">China (Fujian, Hainan, Hong Kong); Burma, Thailand, West Malaysia, India, Sikkim, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, the Andaman Islands and the Anambas Islands.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thisizima</taxonomicName>
was placed in
<taxonomicName family="Tineidae" lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" rank="family">Tineidae</taxonomicName>
since its establishment. The genus belongs to
<taxonomicName family="Tineidae" lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" rank="family">Tineidae</taxonomicName>
without doubt, represented by the head with erect piliform scales, the subovate forewing with R4 terminating on costa, the male retinaculum arising from Sc, and the female abdomen with corethrogyne in the seventh segment. However, its subfamily position has not been assigned due to some characters that indicate the uniqueness of this genus: the strongly flattened antenna, the rather reduced maxillary palpus, the absence of foretibial epiphysis and the position of ostium. The shape of the labial palpus may suggest its affiliation with
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Scardiinae">Scardiinae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Euplocaminae">Euplocaminae</taxonomicName>
; the corethrogyne in female may suggest its affiliation with
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Perissomasticinae">Perissomasticinae</taxonomicName>
. The status of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thisizima</taxonomicName>
might be settled with further work on its morphology and biology.
</paragraph>
<subSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" type="checklist of the genus thisizima walker, 1864">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
Checklist of the genus
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thisizima</taxonomicName>
Walker, 1864
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
1.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima antiphanes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antiphanes">Thisizima antiphanes</taxonomicName>
Meyrick, 1894
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima antiphanes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antiphanes">Thisizima antiphanes</taxonomicName>
Meyrick, 1894: 27.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Type locality: Burma.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Depository of type: BMNH (HT).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Distribution: Burma and Thailand.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
2.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima bovina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bovina">Thisizima bovina</taxonomicName>
Meyrick, 1928
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima bovina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bovina">Thisizima bovina</taxonomicName>
Meyrick, 1928: 428.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Type locality: Andaman Islands.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Depository of type: Unknown.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Distribution: Andaman Islands.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
3.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima bubalopa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubalopa">Thisizima bubalopa</taxonomicName>
Meyrick, 1911
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima bubalopa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubalopa">Thisizima bubalopa</taxonomicName>
Meyrick, 1911: 125.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Type locality: Sri Lanka (Peradeniya); India (Nilgiris).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Depository of types: BMNH (ST).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Distribution: Sri Lanka and India.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
4.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima ceratella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceratella">Thisizima ceratella</taxonomicName>
Walker, 1864
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima ceratella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceratella">Thisizima ceratella</taxonomicName>
Walker, 1864: 820.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Type locality: India.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Depository of type: BMNH (HT).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Distribution: India, Burma, Thailand, West Malaysia and Anambas Islands.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="112" start="start">5</pageBreakToken>
.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima fasciaria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciaria">Thisizima fasciaria</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">Type locality: China (Fujian).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">Depository of type: NKU (HT &amp; PT), KFBG (PT).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">Distribution: China (Fujian, Hong Kong).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">
6.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima sedilis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sedilis">Thisizima sedilis</taxonomicName>
Meyrick, 1907
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima sedilis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sedilis">Thisizima sedilis</taxonomicName>
Meyrick, 1907: 989.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">Type locality: Bhutan; Sikkim.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">Depository of type: IMK (ST).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">Distribution: Bhutan, Sikkim, Burma and Thailand.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">
7.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Thisizima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thisizima subceratella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subceratella">Thisizima subceratella</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">Type locality: China (Fujian).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">Depository of type: NKU (HT &amp; PT), KFBG (PT).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">Distribution: China (Fujian, Hainan, Hong Kong).</paragraph>
</subSection>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>