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<document id="31AD2B02696FF569792599F910835BA0" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5360.4.5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10084656" ID-ZooBank="EA1BE6F9-88E2-4357-895E-8ED415206592" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1698932936510" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Boxshall, Geoffrey A. &amp; Bernot, James P." docDate="2023" docId="03AFA377FFBAFFE6FF7A90B7F191F93B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5360.4.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5360 (4)" docSource="https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5360.4.5/52133" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Caligus elongatus von Nordmann 1832" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="556" masterDocId="FF96DB0FFFB1FFEDFFED9318F146FFDA" masterDocTitle="Resolving taxonomic and nomenclatural problems in the genus Caligus O. F. Müller, 1785 (Copepoda: Caligidae)" masterLastPageNumber="567" masterPageNumber="545" pageNumber="556" updateTime="1701687868325" updateUser="diego" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="A6F3610AB6AA11828B465C4324C110FB">Resolving taxonomic and nomenclatural problems in the genus Caligus O. F. Müller, 1785 (Copepoda: Caligidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="7BA7E4C84DB743373D531230E919A050">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, 20560, USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<heading id="D0F1A50DFFBAFFE6FF7A90B7F560FC13" bold="true" box="[151,1062,943,970]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FF7A90B7F560FC13" bold="true" box="[151,1062,943,970]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">
<subSubSection id="C31C41EAFFBAFFE6FF7A90B7F369FC13" box="[151,559,943,970]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BB91261FFBAFFE6FF7A90B7F369FC13" blockId="11.[151,1062,943,970]" box="[151,559,943,970]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FF7A90B7F0BFFC13" ID-CoL="PKCX" authority="Guiart, 1913" authorityName="Guiart" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,505,943,970]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guerini">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FF7A90B7F015FC13" bold="true" box="[151,339,943,970]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">Caligus guerini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBAFFE6FEB690B7F0BFFC13" author="Guiart, J." box="[347,505,943,969]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref14356" refString="Guiart, J. (1913) Crustaces commensaux et parasites de la baie de Concarneau. Bulletin Institute Oceanographique, Monaco, 264, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1913">Guiart, 1913</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31C41EAFFBAFFE6FDDA90B7F560FC13" box="[567,1062,943,970]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB91261FFBAFFE6FDDA90B7F560FC13" blockId="11.[151,1062,943,970]" box="[567,1062,943,970]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FDDA90B7F567FC13" ID-CoL="PKC6" authority="von Nordmann, 1832" authorityName="von Nordmann" authorityYear="1832" box="[567,1057,943,970]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FDDA90B7F256FC10" bold="true" box="[567,784,943,970]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">Caligus elongatus</emphasis>
von Nordmann, 1832
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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</heading>
<subSubSection id="C31C41EAFFBAFFE6FF7A90EFF191F93B" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB91261FFBAFFE6FF7A90EFF508FB33" blockId="11.[151,1437,1015,1761]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">
The original description of
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FE2A90E0F37EFBCB" authorityName="Guiart" authorityYear="1913" box="[455,568,1016,1042]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guerini">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FE2A90E0F37EFBCB" box="[455,568,1016,1042]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">C. guerini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was based on a single ovigerous female
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FC1190EFF515FBCB" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1785" box="[1020,1107,1015,1041]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FC1190EFF515FBCB" box="[1020,1107,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">Caligus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
found settled on a
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FACB90E0F4DAFBCB" authorityName="J. V. F. Lamouroux" authorityYear="1813" box="[1318,1436,1016,1041]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Laminariaceae" genus="Laminaria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Laminariales" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FACB90E0F4DAFBCB" box="[1318,1436,1016,1041]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">Laminaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
frond collected on the Glenan Islands off the
<collectingRegion id="49C2DC83FFBAFFE6FD7E9703F3A9FBEF" box="[659,751,1051,1077]" country="France" name="Bretagne" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">Brittany</collectingRegion>
coast in northern
<collectingCountry id="F31152F1FFBAFFE6FC549704F543FBEC" box="[953,1029,1052,1078]" name="France" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">France</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBAFFE6FBF99703F5EEFBEF" author="Guiart, J." box="[1044,1192,1051,1077]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref14356" refString="Guiart, J. (1913) Crustaces commensaux et parasites de la baie de Concarneau. Bulletin Institute Oceanographique, Monaco, 264, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1913">Guiart, 1913</bibRefCitation>
). The description was very brief and was largely focused on overall body proportions. It was supported by a single illustration showing the
<typeStatus id="54BDACC3FFBAFFE6FF2D977CF1B6FBA4" box="[192,240,1124,1150]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">type</typeStatus>
female in dorsal view.
<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBAFFE6FE1C977BF3CFFBA7" author="Guiart, J." box="[497,649,1123,1149]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref14356" refString="Guiart, J. (1913) Crustaces commensaux et parasites de la baie de Concarneau. Bulletin Institute Oceanographique, Monaco, 264, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1913">Guiart (1913)</bibRefCitation>
gave the body length as
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, the width as
<quantity id="4CFEBF84FFBAFFE6FB99977BF58AFBA4" box="[1140,1228,1123,1150]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
, and noted that the genital complex showed spots of reddish pigment. This species has never been reported since the original description although it was listed in
<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBAFFE6FE5897B3F3C1FB1F" author="Yamaguti, S." box="[437,647,1195,1221]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" refId="ref17221" refString="Yamaguti, S. (1963) Parasitic Copepoda &amp; Branchiura of Fishes. Interscience Publishers, New York, London, Sydney, 104 pp." type="book" year="1963">Yamagutis (1963)</bibRefCitation>
compendium, in the catalogue of
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FBF997B3F583FB1F" box="[1044,1221,1195,1221]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FBF997B3F52DFB1F" box="[1044,1131,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">Caligus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBAFFE6FB1997B3F1A2FB30" author="Margolis, L. &amp; Kabata, Z. &amp; Parker, R. R." pageId="11" pageNumber="556" pagination="1 - 117" refId="ref15173" refString="Margolis, L., Kabata, Z. &amp; Parker, R. R. (1975) Catalogue and synopsis of Caligus, a genus of Copepoda (Crustacea) parasitic on fishes. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 192, 1 - 117." type="journal article" year="1975">
Margolis
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FA8F97B4F4DBFB1F" box="[1378,1437,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">et al.</emphasis>
(1975)
</bibRefCitation>
, and it is listed on the World of Copepods website (
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).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB91261FFBAFFE6FF2A97EBF092F9AC" blockId="11.[151,1437,1015,1761]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">
The
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FF1797EBF0ECFAD7" box="[250,426,1267,1293]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FF1797EBF017FAD7" box="[250,337,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">Caligus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
found in the waters off northwestern Europe are well known and were reviewed in detail by
<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBAFFE6FF51960FF018FAEB" author="Kabata, Z." box="[188,350,1303,1329]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" refId="ref14762" refString="Kabata, Z. (1979) Parasitic Copepoda of British fishes. The Ray Society, London, 468 pp." type="book" year="1979">Kabata (1979)</bibRefCitation>
in his landmark monograph. Of these species,
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FC959600F444FAEB" ID-CoL="PKC6" authority="von Nordmann, 1832" authorityName="von Nordmann" authorityYear="1832" box="[888,1282,1303,1330]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FC959600F541FAEB" box="[888,1031,1303,1330]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">C. elongatus</emphasis>
von Nordmann, 1832
</taxonomicName>
is the closest fit to the inadequately described
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FDE69624F338FA8F" ID-CoL="PKCX" authorityName="Guiart" authorityYear="1913" box="[523,638,1340,1366]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guerini">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FDE69624F338FA8F" box="[523,638,1340,1366]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">C. guerini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Both species have the same female body length:
<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBAFFE6FB5A9623F41FFA8F" author="Kabata, Z." box="[1207,1369,1339,1365]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" refId="ref14762" refString="Kabata, Z. (1979) Parasitic Copepoda of British fishes. The Ray Society, London, 468 pp." type="book" year="1979">Kabata (1979)</bibRefCitation>
gives the length range for
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FE909678F34DFAA3" ID-CoL="PKC6" authorityName="von Nordmann" authorityYear="1832" box="[381,523,1375,1402]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FE909678F34DFAA3" box="[381,523,1375,1402]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">C. elongatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as
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. Female
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FCE29678F2DBFAA3" ID-CoL="PKC6" authorityName="von Nordmann" authorityYear="1832" box="[783,925,1375,1402]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FCE29678F2DBFAA3" box="[783,925,1375,1402]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">C. elongatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also often show reddish-brown pigmentation spots all over the body including the genital complex and have been found free swimming away from any host sufficiently frequently to be included in a student manual for the identification of coastal marine zooplankton (
<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBAFFE6FA8C96BFF051FA3F" author="Todd, C. D. &amp; Laverack, M. S. &amp; Boxshall, G. A." pageId="11" pageNumber="556" refId="ref16672" refString="Todd, C. D., Laverack, M. S. &amp; Boxshall, G. A. (1996) Coastal Marine Zooplankton: A practical manual for students. 2 nd Edition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 106 pp." type="book" year="1996">
Todd
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FF7A96D4F188FA3F" box="[151,206,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">et al.</emphasis>
, 1996
</bibRefCitation>
). The size of the abdomen as illustrated for
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FD1896D4F220FA3F" ID-CoL="PKCX" authorityName="Guiart" authorityYear="1913" box="[757,870,1484,1510]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guerini">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FD1896D4F220FA3F" box="[757,870,1484,1510]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">C. guerini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is smaller relative to the genital complex than in
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FA6E96D4F042F9D3" ID-CoL="PKC6" authorityName="von Nordmann" authorityYear="1832" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FA6E96D4F042F9D3" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">C. elongatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but the triangular shape of the abdomen depicted in Guiarts figure is extraordinary and almost certainly inaccurate. Other species in the European fauna that have a short abdomen, such as
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FBD8950CF412F9F7" ID-CoL="68TZG" authority="T. Scott, 1902" authorityName="T. Scott" authorityYear="1902" box="[1077,1364,1555,1582]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="labracis">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FBD8950CF5F7F9F7" box="[1077,1201,1555,1582]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">C. labracis</emphasis>
T. Scott, 1902
</taxonomicName>
, differ in body length (
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for
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FE219520F30EF98B" ID-CoL="68TZG" authorityName="T. Scott" authorityYear="1902" box="[460,584,1591,1618]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="labracis">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FE219520F30EF98B" box="[460,584,1591,1618]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">C. labracis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and their general habitus is more squat compared to the elongate habitus of
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FF7A9544F063F9AF" ID-CoL="PKC6" authorityName="von Nordmann" authorityYear="1832" box="[151,293,1627,1654]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FF7A9544F063F9AF" box="[151,293,1627,1654]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">C. elongatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FEB69544F08BF9AF" ID-CoL="PKCX" authorityName="Guiart" authorityYear="1913" box="[347,461,1628,1654]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guerini">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FEB69544F08BF9AF" box="[347,461,1628,1654]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">C. guerini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB91261FFBAFFE6FF2A9567F191F93B" blockId="11.[151,1437,1015,1761]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">
The deposition of the
<typeStatus id="54BDACC3FFBAFFE6FE549598F0AFF940" box="[441,489,1664,1690]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">type</typeStatus>
specimen is unknown (
<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBAFFE6FD009567F290F940" author="Margolis, L. &amp; Kabata, Z. &amp; Parker, R. R." box="[749,982,1663,1690]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" pagination="1 - 117" refId="ref15173" refString="Margolis, L., Kabata, Z. &amp; Parker, R. R. (1975) Catalogue and synopsis of Caligus, a genus of Copepoda (Crustacea) parasitic on fishes. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 192, 1 - 117." type="journal article" year="1975">
Margolis
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FCB49598F2D6F943" box="[857,912,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">et al.</emphasis>
, 1975
</bibRefCitation>
) and in the absence of any other data, we propose to treat
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FEA095BBF3D7F967" ID-CoL="PKCX" authority="Guiart, 1913" authorityName="Guiart" authorityYear="1913" box="[333,657,1699,1725]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guerini">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FEA095BBF0BAF967" box="[333,508,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">Caligus guerini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBAFFE6FDEE95BBF3D7F967" author="Guiart, J." box="[515,657,1699,1725]" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref14356" refString="Guiart, J. (1913) Crustaces commensaux et parasites de la baie de Concarneau. Bulletin Institute Oceanographique, Monaco, 264, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1913">Guiart, 1913</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
as a junior subjective synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBAFFE6FBF795BBF194F93B" ID-CoL="PKC6" authority="von Nordmann, 1832" authorityName="von Nordmann" authorityYear="1832" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBAFFE6FBF795BBF5A3F967" box="[1050,1253,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="556">Caligus elongatus</emphasis>
von Nordmann, 1832
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>