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<document id="0DE7FE80927F7C3954F6DB78828CA957" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5360.4.5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10084656" ID-ZooBank="EA1BE6F9-88E2-4357-895E-8ED415206592" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1698932936510" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Boxshall, Geoffrey A. &amp; Bernot, James P." docDate="2023" docId="03AFA377FFB5FFE9FF7A9726F272F807" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5360.4.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5360 (4)" docSource="https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5360.4.5/52133" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Caligus hemiconiati Capart 1941" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="549" masterDocId="FF96DB0FFFB1FFEDFFED9318F146FFDA" masterDocTitle="Resolving taxonomic and nomenclatural problems in the genus Caligus O. F. Müller, 1785 (Copepoda: Caligidae)" masterLastPageNumber="567" masterPageNumber="545" pageNumber="549" updateTime="1699467176205" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="87C972DD91EA12FDB0179C0AF3DE6058">Resolving taxonomic and nomenclatural problems in the genus Caligus O. F. Müller, 1785 (Copepoda: Caligidae)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BB91261FFB5FFE9FF7A9726F373FB82" blockId="4.[151,565,1086,1113]" box="[151,565,1086,1113]" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">
<heading id="D0F1A50DFFB5FFE9FF7A9726F373FB82" bold="true" box="[151,565,1086,1113]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="549" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFB5FFE9FF7A9726F373FB82" ID-CoL="PKD5" authority="Capart, 1941" authorityName="Capart" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,565,1086,1113]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hemiconiati">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFB5FFE9FF7A9726F373FB82" bold="true" box="[151,565,1086,1113]" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFB5FFE9FF7A9726F0CCFB83" bold="true" box="[151,394,1086,1113]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">Caligus hemiconiati</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFB5FFE9FE7F9726F373FB82" author="Capart, A." box="[402,565,1086,1112]" pageId="4" pageNumber="549" pagination="171 - 197" refId="ref13464" refString="Capart, A. (1941) Copepoda parasitica. In: Resultats scientifiques des croisieres du Navire-ecole belge ' Mercator'. 3 (5). Memoires du Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, 21 (2), 171 - 197, figs. 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1941">Capart, 1941</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31C41EAFFB5FFE9FF7A979FF272F807" pageId="4" pageNumber="549" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB91261FFB5FFE9FF7A979FF230FB33" blockId="4.[151,1437,1159,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">
Material examined by
<collectionCode id="ED178AA4FFB5FFE9FE76979FF0F7FB7B" box="[411,433,1159,1185]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">R</collectionCode>
. F. Cressey:
<typeStatus id="54BDACC3FFB5FFE9FDAB979FF3E4FB7B" box="[582,674,1159,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="549" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
female from
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFB5FFE9FCAC979FF58BFB7B" authority="(Bennett, 1831)" baseAuthorityName="Bennett" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[833,1229,1159,1185]" family="Tetraodontidae" genus="Ephippion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="549" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttifer">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFB5FFE9FCAC979FF557FB7B" box="[833,1041,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">Ephippion guttifer</emphasis>
(Bennett, 1831)
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFB5FFE9FAEC979FF1AFFB1F" baseAuthorityName="Bennett" baseAuthorityYear="1831" family="Tetraodontidae" genus="Hemiconiatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="549" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttifer">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFB5FFE9FAEC979FF1AFFB1F" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">Hemiconiatus guttifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) caught off the coast of
<collectingCountry id="F31152F1FFB5FFE9FDEC97B3F31CFB1F" box="[513,602,1195,1221]" name="Gambia" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">Gambia</collectingCountry>
during the Ninth cruise of the “Mercator”, loaned to
<collectionCode id="ED178AA4FFB5FFE9FB5A97B3F58BFB1F" box="[1207,1229,1195,1221]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">R</collectionCode>
. F. Cressey by the Museé royal dHistoire naturelle, Brussels (Reg. No. I.G. 10910).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB91261FFB5FFE9FF2A97EBF31CF967" blockId="4.[151,1437,1159,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">
Supplementary Description: Abdomen broad, tapering slightly towards posterior margin; caudal rami located at small distance medial to posterolateral corners of abdomen. Caudal rami (
<figureCitation id="133D0EE4FFB5FFE9FC3C960FF56FFAEB" box="[977,1065,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1243,1267]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,185,1216]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1220]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Caligus hemiconiati Capart, 1941 adult female (body length 3.2 mm). A, distal part of abdomen and caudal rami, dorsal; B, antenna, postantennal process and maxillule in situ, ventral; C, sternal furca; D, rami of leg 2 (with some setae missing on endopod); E, exopod of leg 3; F, exopod of leg 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10084662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10084662/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
) wider than long and armed with 6 setae as typical for genus. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="133D0EE4FFB5FFE9FDD59623F3CBFA8F" box="[568,653,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1243,1267]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,185,1216]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1220]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Caligus hemiconiati Capart, 1941 adult female (body length 3.2 mm). A, distal part of abdomen and caudal rami, dorsal; B, antenna, postantennal process and maxillule in situ, ventral; C, sternal furca; D, rami of leg 2 (with some setae missing on endopod); E, exopod of leg 3; F, exopod of leg 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10084662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10084662/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
) with small, pointed process on posterior margin of proximal segment, and armed with short seta proximally on subchela. Postantennal process (
<figureCitation id="133D0EE4FFB5FFE9FC209647F565FAA3" box="[973,1059,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1243,1267]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,185,1216]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1220]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Caligus hemiconiati Capart, 1941 adult female (body length 3.2 mm). A, distal part of abdomen and caudal rami, dorsal; B, antenna, postantennal process and maxillule in situ, ventral; C, sternal furca; D, rami of leg 2 (with some setae missing on endopod); E, exopod of leg 3; F, exopod of leg 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10084662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10084662/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
) strongly curved and ornamented with multisensillate papillae. Maxillule (
<figureCitation id="133D0EE4FFB5FFE9FD88969BF3FAFA47" box="[613,700,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1243,1267]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,185,1216]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1220]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Caligus hemiconiati Capart, 1941 adult female (body length 3.2 mm). A, distal part of abdomen and caudal rami, dorsal; B, antenna, postantennal process and maxillule in situ, ventral; C, sternal furca; D, rami of leg 2 (with some setae missing on endopod); E, exopod of leg 3; F, exopod of leg 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10084662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10084662/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
) with curved, tapering posterior process. Sternal furca (
<figureCitation id="133D0EE4FFB5FFE9FAD1969BF4D5FA47" box="[1340,1427,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1243,1267]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,185,1216]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1220]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Caligus hemiconiati Capart, 1941 adult female (body length 3.2 mm). A, distal part of abdomen and caudal rami, dorsal; B, antenna, postantennal process and maxillule in situ, ventral; C, sternal furca; D, rami of leg 2 (with some setae missing on endopod); E, exopod of leg 3; F, exopod of leg 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10084662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10084662/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
) with slender, strongly tapering tines; slightly asymmetrical with one tine straight and other slightly incurved. Second endopodal segment of leg 2 (
<figureCitation id="133D0EE4FFB5FFE9FE3296D3F370FA3F" box="[479,566,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1243,1267]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,185,1216]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1220]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Caligus hemiconiati Capart, 1941 adult female (body length 3.2 mm). A, distal part of abdomen and caudal rami, dorsal; B, antenna, postantennal process and maxillule in situ, ventral; C, sternal furca; D, rami of leg 2 (with some setae missing on endopod); E, exopod of leg 3; F, exopod of leg 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10084662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10084662/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
) short, broad, and with outer margin ornamented with setules; outer spine on first exopodal segment large and aligned obliquely across surface of ramus, spine on second segment similarly aligned; third exopodal segment with II, I, 5 setal formula. Leg 3 exopod (
<figureCitation id="133D0EE4FFB5FFE9FC38950BF56FF9F7" box="[981,1065,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1243,1267]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,185,1216]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1220]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Caligus hemiconiati Capart, 1941 adult female (body length 3.2 mm). A, distal part of abdomen and caudal rami, dorsal; B, antenna, postantennal process and maxillule in situ, ventral; C, sternal furca; D, rami of leg 2 (with some setae missing on endopod); E, exopod of leg 3; F, exopod of leg 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10084662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10084662/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
) with first segment lacking inner seta, bearing long, slightly curved, outer spine reaching beyond articulation separating second and third segments. Leg 4 (
<figureCitation id="133D0EE4FFB5FFE9FF0A9543F07CF9AF" box="[231,314,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1243,1267]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,185,1216]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1220]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Caligus hemiconiati Capart, 1941 adult female (body length 3.2 mm). A, distal part of abdomen and caudal rami, dorsal; B, antenna, postantennal process and maxillule in situ, ventral; C, sternal furca; D, rami of leg 2 (with some setae missing on endopod); E, exopod of leg 3; F, exopod of leg 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10084662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10084662/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
) comprising protopodal segment and 2-segmented exopod: first exopodal segment armed with long, tapering outer spine reaching almost to tip of ramus; second exopodal segment bearing 3 distal margin spines decreasing in length from inner to outer.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB91261FFB5FFE9FF2A95DFF272F807" blockId="4.[151,1437,1159,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">
Remarks: The original description was generic and provided few specific details but there were sufficient differences to enable
<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFB5FFE9FE6195F3F36FF8DF" author="Capart, A." box="[396,553,1771,1797]" pageId="4" pageNumber="549" pagination="171 - 197" refId="ref13464" refString="Capart, A. (1941) Copepoda parasitica. In: Resultats scientifiques des croisieres du Navire-ecole belge ' Mercator'. 3 (5). Memoires du Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, 21 (2), 171 - 197, figs. 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1941">Capart (1941)</bibRefCitation>
to distinguish between his new species and
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFB5FFE9FBC895F3F197F8F3" authority="Steenstrup &amp; Lutken, 1861" authorityName="Steenstrup &amp; Lutken" authorityYear="1861" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balistae">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFB5FFE9FBC895F3F5E6F8DF" box="[1061,1184,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">C. balistae</emphasis>
Steenstrup &amp; Lütken, 1861
</taxonomicName>
, which shares a similar leg 4.
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFB5FFE9FDF49417F3BCF8F3" authorityName="Capart" authorityYear="1941" box="[537,762,1807,1833]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hemiconiati">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFB5FFE9FDF49417F3BCF8F3" box="[537,762,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">Caligus hemiconiati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFB5FFE9FC679417F545F8F3" authorityName="Steenstrup &amp; Lutken" authorityYear="1861" box="[906,1027,1807,1833]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balistae">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFB5FFE9FC679417F545F8F3" box="[906,1027,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">C. balistae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in numerous characters, in particular the shape of the abdomen and caudal rami. The abdomen is widest posteriorly in
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFB5FFE9FBF6942BF5D2F897" authorityName="Steenstrup &amp; Lutken" authorityYear="1861" box="[1051,1172,1843,1869]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balistae">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFB5FFE9FBF6942BF5D2F897" box="[1051,1172,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">C. balistae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the caudal rami are located on the posterior margin directly at the posterolateral angles of the abdomen (
<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFB5FFE9FBD5944FF59FF8AB" author="Cressey, R. F." box="[1080,1241,1879,1905]" pageId="4" pageNumber="549" pagination="1 - 53" refId="ref13733" refString="Cressey, R. F. (1991) Parasitic copepods from the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, III: Caligus. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 497, 1 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.497" type="journal article" year="1991">Cressey, 1991</bibRefCitation>
: Fig. 31) whereas in
<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFB5FFE9FF599463F01EF84F" authorityName="Capart" authorityYear="1941" box="[180,344,1915,1941]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hemiconiati">
<emphasis id="B972CE73FFB5FFE9FF599463F01EF84F" box="[180,344,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="549">C. hemiconiati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the abdomen is broadest more anteriorly and the caudal rami are positioned some distance medial to the posterolateral angles of the abdomen. In addition, the caudal rami are about as long as wide in the former species, compared to distinctly wider than long in the latter.
</paragraph>
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