188 lines
21 KiB
XML
188 lines
21 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="7CA53B11EADE4E66E4013B96CF74923E">3473</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="675FDCEB7BFA33BC4B7D64D63CF5D934">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F412B41A8EDED04D0031DA1A2EF255A5">2012-09-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DCB358520C70488B4C962F7AAC27E51B">3473</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="F8101AC07B9BD12545DC0F106062E280" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F287CDA911F335E1DA83F96B5FFC5C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5257449" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5257449" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F287CDA911F335E1DA83F96B5FFC5C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F287CDA911F335E1DA83F96B5FFC5C" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection id="C3416550A911F335E1DA83F96DD9FF48" box="[151,661,151,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE436DBA911F335E1DA83F96DD9FF48" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,932]" box="[151,661,151,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="D0AC81B7A911F335E1DA83F96DD9FF48" bold="true" box="[151,661,151,176]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D58A911F335E1DA83F96DD9FF48" authority="Hallowell, 1861" authorityName="Hallowell" authorityYear="1861" box="[151,661,151,176]" class="Reptilia" family="Natricidae" genus="Amphiesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavipunctatum">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAC9A911F335E1DA83F96DD9FF48" bold="true" box="[151,661,151,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAC9A911F335E1DA83F96E9AFF48" bold="true" box="[151,470,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Amphiesma flavipunctatum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B2AA911F335E09083F66DD9FF48" author="Hallowell, E." box="[477,661,151,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="480 - 510" refId="ref31566" refString="Hallowell, E. (1861) Report upon the Reptilia of the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, under command of Capt. John Rogers, U. S. N. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1860, 480 - 510." type="journal article" year="1861">Hallowell, 1861</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3416550A911F335E1DA83D26A43FEE4" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE436DBA911F335E1DA83D26A1CFF0F" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,932]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4B11F5A911F335E1DA83D26A1CFF0F" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFA10CAA911F335E1DA83D26D83FF2C" author="Hallowell, E." box="[151,719,188,212]" page="503" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1861">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D58A911F335E1DA83D26D83FF2C" authority="Hallowell, 1861: 503" authorityName="Hallowell" authorityPageNumber="503" authorityYear="1861" box="[151,719,188,212]" class="Reptilia" family="Natricidae" genus="Amphiesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavipunctatum">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAC9A911F335E1DA83D26E81FF2C" box="[151,461,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Amphiesma flavipunctatum</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B333C86A911F335E09483D26D83FF2C" box="[473,719,188,212]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Hong Kong" location="Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="USNM 7387" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="neotype">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B2AA911F335E09483D26D83FF2C" author="Hallowell, E." box="[473,719,188,212]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="480 - 510" refId="ref31566" refString="Hallowell, E. (1861) Report upon the Reptilia of the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, under command of Capt. John Rogers, U. S. N. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1860, 480 - 510." type="journal article" year="1861">Hallowell, 1861: 503</bibRefCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.—Type locality by virtue of
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<typeStatus id="54E08879A911F335E56283D26BC4FF2C" box="[1071,1160,188,212]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
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designation: “
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<location id="8E846000A911F335E47F83D26A35FF2C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F287CDA911F335E1DA83F96B5FFC5C:8E846000A911F335E47F83D26A35FF2C" box="[1330,1401,188,212]" country="Hong Kong" name="Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Island</location>
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of
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<collectingCountry id="F34C764BA911F335E1DA838E6E53FF0F" box="[151,287,223,248]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
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”, People’s Republic of China.—Onomatophore.
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<typeStatus id="54E08879A911F335E20D838E6CEEFF00" box="[832,930,224,248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
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, by present designation:
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<specimenCode id="DBFD9EA0A911F335E5F583B16A07FF0F" box="[1208,1355,223,247]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="Museum">USNM 7387</specimenCode>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE436DBA911F335E18A826A6A43FEE4" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,932]" box="[199,1295,260,284]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Status. A valid species, for populations of southeastern Asia sharing the characters defined below.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3416550A911F335E18A82496B5FFC5C" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE436DBA911F335E18A82496DB8FDEF" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,932]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Comments. Hallowell had
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<specimenCount id="9D5DFD52A911F335E34C82466DE7FEC7" box="[513,683,295,319]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
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at hands, one from
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<collectingCountry id="F34C764BA911F335E2EC82466B67FEB8" box="[929,1067,296,320]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
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, collected by the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, and one previously deposited in the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Hallowell clearly stated that the description was made only from the ANSP specimen, stated to be in much better condition, and, indeed only the characters of a single specimen were given by Hallowell. As a consequence, the original type locality was “Canton River”, now Zhu Jiang River,
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<collectingRegion id="499FF839A911F335E50D82D96A7DFE37" box="[1088,1329,439,463]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Guangdong Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F34C764BA911F335E47082D96E27FE0C" name="China" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">People’s Republic of China</collectingCountry>
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. The
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<typeStatus id="54E08879A911F335E0E182B26D42FE0C" box="[428,526,476,500]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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was presumably ANSP 6616; see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B2AA911F335E2D082B26B1BFE0C" author="Zug, G. R. & Blackburn, J. L. & Sai Wunna Kyi" box="[925,1111,476,500]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="157 - 166" refId="ref34170" refString="Zug, G. R., Blackburn, J. L. and Sai Wunna Kyi (2006) Checkered Keelbacks (Xenochrophis - Reptilia: Serpentes: Natricidae) at the Moyingyi Wetland Bird Sanctuary, Myanmar. Hamadryad, 30 (1 / 2), 157 - 166." type="journal article" year="2006">
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Zug
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<emphasis id="B92FEAC9A911F335E29E82B36B40FE0C" box="[979,1036,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2006
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</bibRefCitation>
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; lost according to
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B2AA911F335E46182B26FADFDEF" author="Zug, G. R. & Blackburn, J. L. & Sai Wunna Kyi" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="157 - 166" refId="ref34170" refString="Zug, G. R., Blackburn, J. L. and Sai Wunna Kyi (2006) Checkered Keelbacks (Xenochrophis - Reptilia: Serpentes: Natricidae) at the Moyingyi Wetland Bird Sanctuary, Myanmar. Hamadryad, 30 (1 / 2), 157 - 166." type="journal article" year="2006">
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Zug
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<emphasis id="B92FEAC9A911F335E42F82B36AD9FE0C" box="[1378,1429,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
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. (2006)
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</bibRefCitation>
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and N. Gilmore (pers. comm.,
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<date id="FFE5101BA911F335E30D82916DA5FDEF" box="[576,745,511,535]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2009-02">February 2009</date>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE436DBA911F335E18A814A6D4CFCA4" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,932]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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In contrast to
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B2AA911F335E02F814A6D6CFDC4" author="Zug, G. R. & Blackburn, J. L. & Sai Wunna Kyi" box="[354,544,548,572]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="157 - 166" refId="ref34170" refString="Zug, G. R., Blackburn, J. L. and Sai Wunna Kyi (2006) Checkered Keelbacks (Xenochrophis - Reptilia: Serpentes: Natricidae) at the Moyingyi Wetland Bird Sanctuary, Myanmar. Hamadryad, 30 (1 / 2), 157 - 166." type="journal article" year="2006">
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<collectingRegion id="499FF839A911F335E02F814A6EC3FDC4" box="[354,399,548,572]" country="Switzerland" name="Zug" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Zug</collectingRegion>
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<emphasis id="B92FEAC9A911F335E0DB814B6E84FDC4" box="[406,456,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
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. (2006)
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</bibRefCitation>
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and in agreement with Article 73.1.2 of the
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<emphasis id="B92FEAC9A911F335E55E814A6B02FDC4" box="[1043,1102,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Code</emphasis>
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, we consider that the original description was based on a
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<typeStatus id="54E08879A911F335E09B81296D74FDA7" box="[470,568,583,607]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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and not on
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<specimenCount id="9D5DFD52A911F335E38B81266C12FD98" box="[710,862,584,608]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="generic" typeStatus="syntypes">two syntypes</specimenCount>
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. As a consequence, the designation of a
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<typeStatus id="54E08879A911F335E47881296AD7FDA7" box="[1333,1435,583,607]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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made by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B2AA911F335E04D81026E8EFD7C" author="Zug, G. R. & Blackburn, J. L. & Sai Wunna Kyi" box="[256,450,620,644]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="157 - 166" refId="ref34170" refString="Zug, G. R., Blackburn, J. L. and Sai Wunna Kyi (2006) Checkered Keelbacks (Xenochrophis - Reptilia: Serpentes: Natricidae) at the Moyingyi Wetland Bird Sanctuary, Myanmar. Hamadryad, 30 (1 / 2), 157 - 166." type="journal article" year="2006">
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<collectingRegion id="499FF839A911F335E04D81026E61FD7C" box="[256,301,620,644]" country="Switzerland" name="Zug" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Zug</collectingRegion>
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<emphasis id="B92FEAC9A911F335E07B81036E24FD7C" box="[310,360,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
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. (2006)
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</bibRefCitation>
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is invalid according to the
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<emphasis id="B92FEAC9A911F335E3B681026C7AFD7C" box="[763,822,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Code</emphasis>
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(Article 74.2). In fact,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B2AA911F335E50F81026A4FFD7C" author="Zug, G. R. & Blackburn, J. L. & Sai Wunna Kyi" box="[1090,1283,620,644]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="157 - 166" refId="ref34170" refString="Zug, G. R., Blackburn, J. L. and Sai Wunna Kyi (2006) Checkered Keelbacks (Xenochrophis - Reptilia: Serpentes: Natricidae) at the Moyingyi Wetland Bird Sanctuary, Myanmar. Hamadryad, 30 (1 / 2), 157 - 166." type="journal article" year="2006">
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<collectingRegion id="499FF839A911F335E50F81026B23FD7C" box="[1090,1135,620,644]" country="Switzerland" name="Zug" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Zug</collectingRegion>
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<emphasis id="B92FEAC9A911F335E53B81036BE5FD7C" box="[1142,1193,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
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. (2006)
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</bibRefCitation>
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involuntarily designated a
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<typeStatus id="54E08879A911F335E06581FE6ECFFD50" box="[296,387,656,680]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
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, based on the fact that the
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<typeStatus id="54E08879A911F335E3E781E16C40FD5F" box="[682,780,655,679]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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is lost. The problem is that their “potential” designation of a
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<typeStatus id="54E08879A911F335E1E081DA6E49FD34" box="[173,261,692,716]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
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is also invalid, as it does not comply with dispositions of Article 75 of the
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<emphasis id="B92FEAC9A911F335E53381DA6BF5FD34" box="[1150,1209,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Code</emphasis>
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. In agreement with Article 75.3 of the
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<emphasis id="B92FEAC9A911F335E03981B66EE3FD08" box="[372,431,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Code</emphasis>
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, we select as
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<typeStatus id="54E08879A911F335E31E81B66DE7FD08" box="[595,683,728,752]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
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the specimen USNM 7387, previously designated as
|
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<typeStatus id="54E08879A911F335E45B81B96A31FD17" box="[1302,1405,727,751]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B2AA911F335E1DA81926E23FCEC" author="Zug, G. R. & Blackburn, J. L. & Sai Wunna Kyi" box="[151,367,764,788]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="157 - 166" refId="ref34170" refString="Zug, G. R., Blackburn, J. L. and Sai Wunna Kyi (2006) Checkered Keelbacks (Xenochrophis - Reptilia: Serpentes: Natricidae) at the Moyingyi Wetland Bird Sanctuary, Myanmar. Hamadryad, 30 (1 / 2), 157 - 166." type="journal article" year="2006">
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||
<collectingRegion id="499FF839A911F335E1DA81926F88FCEC" box="[151,196,764,788]" country="Switzerland" name="Zug" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Zug</collectingRegion>
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<emphasis id="B92FEAC9A911F335E19E81936E40FCEC" box="[211,268,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
|
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. (2006)
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</bibRefCitation>
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. This action is justified by (1) the need to fix the nomenclatural status of
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D58A911F335E45481926EB0FCCF" authority="Hallowell, 1861" authorityName="Hallowell" authorityYear="1861" class="Reptilia" family="Natricidae" genus="Amphiesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavipunctatum">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAC9A911F335E45481926E73FCC0" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Amphiesma flavipunctatum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B2AA911F335E00B80716EB0FCCF" author="Hallowell, E." box="[326,508,799,823]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="480 - 510" refId="ref31566" refString="Hallowell, E. (1861) Report upon the Reptilia of the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, under command of Capt. John Rogers, U. S. N. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1860, 480 - 510." type="journal article" year="1861">Hallowell, 1861</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, (2) the destruction of the
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<typeStatus id="54E08879A911F335E26880716CC6FCCF" box="[805,906,799,823]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, and (3) the proximity between the localities of the
|
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<typeStatus id="54E08879A911F335E18D802A6E6EFCA4" box="[192,290,836,860]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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and of the
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<typeStatus id="54E08879A911F335E0ED802A6EB0FCA4" box="[416,508,836,860]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE436DBA911F335E18A80066B5FFC5C" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,932]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B333C86A911F335E18A80066B5FFC5C" collectionCode="USNM" country="Hong Kong" location="North Pacific Exploring Expedition" municipality="This" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="USNM 7387" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="neotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E08879A911F335E18A80066E6AFC78" box="[199,294,872,896]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFD9EA0A911F335E07980096E8BFC87" box="[308,455,871,895]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="Museum">USNM 7387</specimenCode>
|
||
, a juvenile male from “Island of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C764BA911F335E27580066C8CFC87" box="[824,960,871,896]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||
”, collected by the
|
||
<location id="8E846000A911F335E5C380096E5EFC5C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F287CDA911F335E1DA83F96B5FFC5C:8E846000A911F335E5C380096E5EFC5C" country="Hong Kong" municipality="This" name="North Pacific Exploring Expedition" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">North Pacific Exploring Expedition</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13602A5EA911F335E06C80E26EDCFC5C" box="[289,400,908,932]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 9" captionStart-1="FIGURE 10" captionStart-2="FIGURE 11" captionStartId-0="16.[151,250,1973,1996]" captionStartId-1="17.[151,250,1155,1178]" captionStartId-2="17.[151,250,1979,2002]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,972,1952]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,177,1134]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,1242,1958]" captionTargetId-0="figure-408@16.[151,1436,972,1952]" captionTargetId-1="figure-71@17.[151,1436,169,1134]" captionTargetId-2="figure-75@17.[151,1436,1236,1958]" captionTargetPageId-0="16" captionTargetPageId-1="17" captionTargetPageId-2="17" captionText-0="FIGURE 9. USNM 7387, Xenochrophis flavipunctatus, juvenile male, from Hong Kong. Holotype of Amphiesma flavipunctatum Hallowell, 1861. TL 398 mm. Dorsal view. Photo G. Vogel." captionText-1="FIGURE 10. USNM 7387, Xenochrophis flavipunctatus, juvenile male, from Hong Kong. Holotype of Amphiesma flavipunctatum Hallowell, 1861. TL 398 mm. Vertebral view. Photo G. Vogel." captionText-2="FIGURE 11. USNM 7387, Xenochrophis flavipunctatus, juvenile male, from Hong Kong. Holotype of Amphiesma flavipunctatum Hallowell, 1861. TL 398 mm. Lateral view of the head. Photo G. Vogel." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 9–11</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B80ACA1A911F335E0EE80E26E99FC5C" box="[419,469,908,932]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">This</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
specimen was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B2AA911F335E25880E26B43FC5C" author="Zug, G. R. & Blackburn, J. L. & Sai Wunna Kyi" box="[789,1039,908,932]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="157 - 166" refId="ref34170" refString="Zug, G. R., Blackburn, J. L. and Sai Wunna Kyi (2006) Checkered Keelbacks (Xenochrophis - Reptilia: Serpentes: Natricidae) at the Moyingyi Wetland Bird Sanctuary, Myanmar. Hamadryad, 30 (1 / 2), 157 - 166." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Zug
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FEAC9A911F335E20480E36C36FC5C" box="[841,890,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2006: 165)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |