203 lines
23 KiB
XML
203 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document id="25FF2EC39FCD41304B4B22A2AF7BD7BE" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.190065" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ff6281cd-edec-483a-b003-f83d2c35fd82" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="190065" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461107490221" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Branstetter, Michael G." docDate="2009" docId="03A0D36A11459D0CFF3F63A21723F818" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02221p057.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2221" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Stenamma Westwood" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="FF99AB1211449D0EFFA8642F144EFFA8" masterDocTitle="The ant genus Stenamma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) redefined, with a description of a new genus Propodilobus" masterLastPageNumber="57" masterPageNumber="41" pageNumber="42" updateTime="1698593666267" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="D6434F2879DB0BE161E80106C28D605A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="D73DDDD1345870A18EDC4B3AE7D32918">
|
||
<mods:title id="A8E74929AC76B6D524441F61E9053B40">The ant genus Stenamma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) redefined, with a description of a new genus Propodilobus</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="0684EF95AC60E45F26DAA4AE6FE2F3A3" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="041EF250C602BEE10698A23AFBF81A1E">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="EDFC6A2DA90168AA2966FB4A6AF2E1F9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="DE0914F222ED35CD5055AFD3F81B84C2">Branstetter, Michael G.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="CE40042B1DDEB214A7455641D0D3096C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="EAA050927EFC74B8BDE9E1B77D3771D0" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="083E576CBBA64B15C083EE59652DF8D4">
|
||
<mods:title id="7269918A593C77D005DFBB57AB8B43D8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="B20BA5C450B640196F4F70C0722C6A2E">
|
||
<mods:date id="8EA8F30E7C90C50226B94D5A5AFE7DB7">2009</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="4BB1709ACCC63316FE07DF07C37FCFF8" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="10066C91F9C7A6AF1272767BC9288732">2221</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="78E7645FD4B3BFA65D7F9D399EAE3756" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="94A3EB99204DC36C8CBA73221B331AE0">41</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="E4C658F3135858A3D0707F1DB5BB37F7">57</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="92A5BAE742715BBF50EEAC8D50853650">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B46E67E0B47B084DA129E59E5120EAC0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.190065</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="5C365818523CB6E4D4B4F8AE834DA575" type="GBIF-Dataset">ff6281cd-edec-483a-b003-f83d2c35fd82</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2D9C5988B6CDBBE9D66C3D4E2E1E203B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="61F81891A3DC87943C56BB9F93D38257" type="Zenodo-Dep">190065</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="763BEA2D020303F11C7C6F12CE604FC8" type="ZooBank">AFB7BDC6-2973-482F-BEB5-4878BCBFA4B3</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03A0D36A11459D0CFF3F63A21723F818" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5682096" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119623713" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5682096" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A0D36A11459D0CFF3F63A21723F818" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A0D36A11459D0CFF3F63A21723F818" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31331F711459D0FFF3F63A215D0F80F" box="[151,414,1933,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11459D0FFF3F63A215D0F80F" blockId="1.[151,414,1933,1959]" box="[151,414,1933,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<heading id="D0FED51011459D0FFF3F63A215D0F80F" bold="true" box="[151,414,1933,1959]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11459D0FFF3F63A215D0F80F" ID-CoL="7MDH" authority="Westwood" authorityName="Westwood" box="[151,414,1933,1959]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stenamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11459D0FFF3F63A215D0F80F" bold="true" box="[151,414,1933,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11459D0FFF3F63A21558F80F" bold="true" box="[151,278,1933,1959]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Stenamma</emphasis>
|
||
Westwood
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31331F711459D0CFF3F63F9173EFEA7" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11459D0FFF3F63F91069F845" blockId="1.[151,1063,2006,2029]" box="[151,1063,2006,2029]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11459D0FFF3F63F915B9F845" ID-CoL="7MDH" authority="Westwood, 1839: 219" authorityName="Westwood" authorityPageNumber="219" authorityYear="1839" box="[151,503,2006,2029]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stenamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11459D0FFF3F63F9154AF845" box="[151,260,2006,2029]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Stenamma</emphasis>
|
||
Westwood, 1839: 219
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Type-species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11459D0FFD3263F917C9F845" ID-CoL="4ZTRD" box="[666,903,2006,2029]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stenamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11459D0FFD3263F917C9F845" box="[666,903,2006,2029]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Stenamma westwoodii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by monotypy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF3F64B7150CFF67" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,271]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFF3F64B715B8FF07" authority="Mayr, 1861: 76" authorityName="Mayr" authorityPageNumber="76" authorityYear="1861" box="[151,502,152,175]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asemorhoptrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFF3F64B7150CFF07" box="[151,322,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Asemorhoptrum</emphasis>
|
||
Mayr, 1861: 76
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Type-species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFD3464B71701FF07" box="[668,847,152,175]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Myrmica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFD3464B71701FF07" box="[668,847,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Myrmica lippula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by monotypy. [Synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFB1164B71169FF07" ID-CoL="7MDH" box="[1209,1319,152,175]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stenamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFB1164B71169FF07" box="[1209,1319,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Stenamma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by André, 1883: 310.]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF3F64F7173EFEA7" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,271]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFF3F64F71585FF47" authority="Santschi, 1921: 68" authorityName="Santschi" authorityPageNumber="68" authorityYear="1921" box="[151,459,216,239]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Theryella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFF3F64F714B3FF47" box="[151,253,216,239]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Theryella</emphasis>
|
||
Santschi, 1921: 68
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Type-species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFDC464F71752FF47" box="[620,796,216,239]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Theryella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myops">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFDC464F71752FF47" box="[620,796,216,239]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Theryella myops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(provisional junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFBDB64F71125FF47" ID-CoL="4ZTR3" box="[1139,1387,216,239]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stenamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctiventre">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFBDB64F71125FF47" box="[1139,1387,216,239]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Stenamma punctiventre</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), by monotypy. [Synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFE5064D71628FEA7" ID-CoL="7MDH" box="[504,614,248,271]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stenamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFE5064D71628FEA7" box="[504,614,248,271]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Stenamma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Santschi, 1923: 136.]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31331F711469D0CFF3F65111723F818" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF3F651110CCFDCF" blockId="2.[151,1437,318,692]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFF3F65111589FEF0" bold="true" box="[151,455,318,344]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFE94651115F0FEF0" box="[316,446,318,344]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stenamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFE94651115F0FEF0" bold="true" box="[316,446,318,344]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Stenamma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A new diagnosis of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFD5865101722FEF0" box="[752,876,319,344]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stenamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFD5865101722FEF0" box="[752,876,319,344]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Stenamma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
worker caste is presented followed by a short discussion on interspecific variation and how to distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFC2B654A104FFED6" box="[899,1025,357,382]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stenamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFC2B654A104FFED6" box="[899,1025,357,382]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Stenamma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from closely related genera. The classification of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF981F8D11469D0CFEF265A3164EFE0E" author="Bolton" box="[346,512,396,422]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" refString="Bolton, B. (2003) Synopsis and classification of Formicidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, Gainesville, Florida, 370 pp." type="book" year="2003">Bolton (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFDF565A31698FE0D" box="[605,726,396,421]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stenamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFDF565A31698FE0D" box="[605,726,396,421]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Stenamma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFC3365A31065FE0E" box="[923,1067,396,422]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Stenammini">Stenammini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which, as currently defined, is not monophyletic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF981F8D11469D0CFED2659D161CFE64" author="Brady" box="[378,594,434,460]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" refString="Brady, S. G., Schultz, T. R., Fisher, B. L. & Ward, P. S. (2006) Evaluating alternative hypotheses for the early evolution and diversification of ants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103, 18172 - 18177." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Brady
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFE65659D1644FE63" box="[461,522,434,459]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF981F8D11469D0CFDF7659D1704FE64" author="Moreau" box="[607,842,434,460]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" refString="Moreau, C. S., Bell, C. D., Vila, R., Archiblad, S. B. & Pierce, N. E. (2006) Phylogeny of the ants: Diversification in the age of the angiosperms. Science, 312, 101 - 104." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Moreau
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFD6C659D174FFE63" box="[708,769,434,459]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFCF6659D1797FE63" box="[862,985,434,459]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stenamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFCF6659D1797FE63" box="[862,985,434,459]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Stenamma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
instead is more closely related to the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFF4465F615ADFE5B" authority="Mayr" authorityName="Mayr" box="[236,483,473,499]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFF4465F615D0FE5A" box="[236,414,473,498]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Aphaenogaster</emphasis>
|
||
Mayr
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFDB465F616F5FE5B" authority="Forel" authorityName="Forel" box="[540,699,473,499]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Messor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFDB465F6163DFE5A" box="[540,627,473,498]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Messor</emphasis>
|
||
Forel
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, suggesting that the older tribal classification of Emery (1921), which included these genera together, should be reconsidered. Some of the characters mentioned here may help to diagnose the group formed by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFDF26608169CFDE8" box="[602,722,551,576]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stenamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFDF26608169CFDE8" box="[602,722,551,576]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Stenamma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFD4A660817DCFDE8" box="[738,914,551,576]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFD4A660817DCFDE8" box="[738,914,551,576]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Aphaenogaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFC7C66081067FDE8" box="[980,1065,551,576]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Messor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFC7C66081067FDE8" box="[980,1065,551,576]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Messor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Standard images of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFA8B660811D2FDE8" box="[1315,1436,551,576]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stenamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFA8B660811D2FDE8" box="[1315,1436,551,576]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Stenamma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
representing species from different biogeographic regions are shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13327EF911469D0CFC4866621030FDCF" box="[992,1150,589,615]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 16" captionStartId="6.[151,274,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,194,1829]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 16. Full-face, profile, and dorsal images of several Stenamma species, representing the Palearctic, Nearctic, and Neotropical regions. Figures 2 – 4: S. debile CASENT 0605171 (Bavaria, Germany). Figures 4 – 6: S. nipponense CASENT 0605172 (Hokkaido, Japan). Figures 8 – 9: S. dyscheres CASENT 0171182 (CA, USA). Figures 11 – 13: S. expolitum CASENT 0600043 (Heredia Prov., Costa Rica). Figures 14 – 16: S. diversum CASENT 0605173 (Izabal, Guatemala)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190067/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Figures 2–16</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6E665C169BFD1C" blockId="2.[151,1437,318,692]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFF6E665C169EFD25" bold="true" box="[198,720,627,654]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Diagnosis of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0919FF11469D0CFE34665B1654FD26" box="[412,538,628,654]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stenamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DBE6E11469D0CFE34665B1654FD26" bold="true" box="[412,538,628,654]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Stenamma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
worker caste.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
With characters of the Myrmicinae as described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF981F8D11469D0CFAE4665B14A6FD1C" author="Bolton" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" refString="Bolton, B. (2003) Synopsis and classification of Formicidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, Gainesville, Florida, 370 pp." type="book" year="2003">Bolton (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and the following more specific features:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D66C71532FCE7" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">1. Mandible triangular to elongate triangular; masticatory margin usually with 6–8 teeth or denticles (rarely 9 or 10) which decrease in size irregularly from apex to base; teeth on basal half frequently reduced and poorly defined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D677315E0FCDE" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" box="[197,430,860,886]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">2. Palp formula 4,3.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D67AD1586FC6B" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">3. Apex of anterior clypeal margin with a small to prominent notch or concavity, never smoothly convex or with a projecting tooth.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D67FF1058FC42" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" box="[197,1046,976,1002]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">4. Anterior clypeal margin usually lacking a strong isolated median seta.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D67D91534FB9F" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">5. Median portion of clypeus often longitudinally bicarinate and with area between carinae slightly to strongly depressed.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D606B1684FB2C" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">6. Posteromedial margin of clypeus narrowed and prolonged backward between frontal lobes; width not exceeding that of frontal lobes in full-face view.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D60BE10A8FB03" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" box="[197,1254,1169,1195]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">7. Frontal lobes small and closely approximated, not entirely covering antennal insertions.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D609716A4FB7A" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" box="[197,746,1208,1234]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">8. Antennal scrobes and frontal carinae absent.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D60F110C6FB50" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" box="[197,1160,1246,1272]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">9. Torular lobe present and visible in full-face view projecting over condylar bulb.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D612A1097FAEE" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">10. Compound eyes located slightly to distinctly in front of midlength of side of head (excluding mandibles), small to moderate in size, usually with 2–12 ommatidia across greatest diameter.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D617D1118FAC4" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" box="[197,1366,1362,1388]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">11. Antenna 12 segmented and terminating in a distinct to indistinct 4-segmented club (ACI 60-70).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D61561751FA3B" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" box="[197,799,1401,1427]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">12. Posteroventral corners of head lacking grooves.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D618F1068FA48" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">13. Promesonotum convex in profile, often low domed-convex and very prominent; faint impression or line marking track of former promesonotal suture sometimes present dorsally.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D61C2166AF9AF" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" box="[197,548,1517,1543]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">14. Metanotal groove present.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D623B1139F986" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" box="[197,1399,1556,1582]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">15. Propodeum usually armed with a pair of teeth or short spines (rarely unarmed or with long spines).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D621414B5F9D3" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">16. Propodeal lobes present and prominent, rounded to quadrate in shape, never long and projecting dorsally.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D62A716EBF90A" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" box="[197,677,1672,1698]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">17. Middle and hind tibiae lacking spurs.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D62811602F960" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" box="[197,588,1710,1736]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">18. Pretarsal claws small, simple.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D62FA1088F947" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" box="[197,1222,1749,1775]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">19. Petiole with a long, anterior peduncle and sometimes with an anteroventral process.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D62D31523F895" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">20. Postpetiole with short peduncle and low node often slightly longer than broad, never distinctively broader than long.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D6366170CF8CB" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" box="[197,834,1865,1891]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">21. Postpetiolar node always wider than petiolar node.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D635F1005F822" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" box="[197,1099,1904,1930]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">22. Basigastral striae often present on anterior margin of abdominal tergite 4.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6627C11469D0CFF6D63B91723F818" blockId="2.[151,1437,744,1968]" box="[197,877,1942,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">23. Metasternal process present and often well developed.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |