155 lines
17 KiB
XML
155 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="8E77454CECD67DE0B6CC434D6DB0E0BB" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3693.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5f8f53af-f522-4d05-a0ec-b7495aed4c66" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="249157" ID-ZooBank="46D89ABD-850E-45AE-A978-DDEF689F2EC9" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460654361247" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Longino, John T." docDate="2013" docId="03DB87F700099F07FF60F8E97339FCFD" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03693p151.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3693 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Eurhopalothrix procera Emery 1897" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="137" masterDocId="FFE2FF8F002A9F23FFF7FFEE727DFF82" masterDocTitle="A review of the Central American and Caribbean species of the ant genus Eurhopalothrix Brown and Kempf, 1961 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), with a key to New World species" masterLastPageNumber="151" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="136" updateTime="1698344459312" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="5E86D8DA9FB1180CD63AC04F082E6B08">A review of the Central American and Caribbean species of the ant genus Eurhopalothrix Brown and Kempf, 1961 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), with a key to New World species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="40E2FA83E41EB6A57705A34268AF5E51">Longino, John T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A0CF847C3E62B88221E6DEABACC22E57">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F452D07E7FFA2A5E9357F9B499BA2990">
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<mods:date id="7A461D8D693313B03E64F23D693D6FFE">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="52935723881EA38DC13FDD936CDC9596">3693</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="32E73DA652FB8D1A28C99240206023A7">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F89C176194E4F16EF55E867DEB3B50B1" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3693.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DB87F700099F07FF60F8E97339FCFD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6158586" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119573343" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6158586" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DB87F700099F07FF60F8E97339FCFD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB87F700099F07FF60F8E97339FCFD" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="137" pageId="35" pageNumber="136">
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<subSubSection id="C368656A00099F00FF60F8E97171F845" pageId="35" pageNumber="136" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCD36E100099F00FF60F8E97012F8A3" blockId="35.[151,623,1799,1858]" box="[151,623,1799,1825]" pageId="35" pageNumber="136">
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<heading id="D085818D00099F00FF60F8E97012F8A3" bold="true" box="[151,623,1799,1825]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="136" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D6200099F00FF60F8E97012F8A3" ID-CoL="3CZQN" authority="Emery, 1897" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1897" box="[151,623,1799,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eurhopalothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procera">
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<emphasis id="B906EAF300099F00FF60F8E97012F8A3" bold="true" box="[151,623,1799,1825]" pageId="35" pageNumber="136">
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<emphasis id="B906EAF300099F00FF60F8E973C5F8A3" bold="true" box="[151,440,1799,1825]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="136">Eurhopalothrix procera</emphasis>
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(Emery, 1897)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCD36E100099F00FF60F8C47284F8C0" blockId="35.[151,623,1799,1858]" box="[151,249,1834,1858]" pageId="35" pageNumber="136">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13492A6400099F00FF68F8C4728CF8C0" box="[159,241,1834,1858]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1209,1232]" captionTargetBox="[302,1284,193,1163]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[302,1284,193,1178]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 36. Distribution maps of Eurhopalothrix species, Central American region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249191/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="136">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCD36E100099F00FF60F89C71EDF825" blockId="35.[151,1435,1906,1992]" pageId="35" pageNumber="136">
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D6200099F00FF60F89C7048F80A" authority="Emery, 1897: 572" authorityName="Emery" authorityPageNumber="572" authorityYear="1897" box="[151,565,1906,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Rhopalothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procera">
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<emphasis id="B906EAF300099F00FF60F89C730EF80A" box="[151,371,1906,1928]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="136">Rhopalothrix procera</emphasis>
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Emery, 1897: 572
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 14,
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<figureCitation id="13492A6400099F00FD7DF89C70ABF80A" box="[650,726,1906,1928]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1604,1627]" captionTargetBox="[302,1284,1169,1579]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[302,1284,1169,1579]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 18. Eurhopalothrix floridana worker (USA, CASENT 0006100). Images from AntWeb (April Nobile)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249172/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="136">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54C9884300099F00FD15F89D7148F80A" box="[738,821,1907,1928]" pageId="35" pageNumber="136" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
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worker, queen: New
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<collectingCountry id="F365767100099F00FBE2F89C761CF80A" box="[1045,1121,1906,1928]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="35" pageNumber="136">Guinea</collectingCountry>
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, Berlinhafen (= Aitape), Seleo Island, Friedrich-Wilhemshafen (= Madang) [MSNG] (not examined).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCD36E100099F00FF60F85E7171F845" blockId="35.[151,1435,1906,1992]" box="[151,780,1967,1992]" pageId="35" pageNumber="136">For additional synonymy see Brown and Kempf (1960).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C368656A000E9F07FF60FF797339FCFD" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BCD36E1000E9F07FF60FF79767DFD95" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,895]" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">
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<emphasis id="B906EAF3000E9F07FF60FF797365FF32" bold="true" box="[151,280,151,176]" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">Comments</emphasis>
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. A single alate queen from La Selva Biological Station in
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<collectingCountry id="F3657671000E9F07FC57FF797664FF2D" box="[928,1049,151,175]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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closely matches
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D62000E9F07FB2FFF777732FF32" box="[1240,1359,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Rhopalothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procera">
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<emphasis id="B906EAF3000E9F07FB2FFF777732FF32" box="[1240,1359,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">E. procera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, based on literature descriptions and images on AntWeb. The specimen was obtained in a canopy fogging sample in October, 1994, as part of a large-scale arthropod survey project. In spite of intensive sampling for ants at this site (Longino
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<emphasis id="B906EAF3000E9F07FEF1FEEB734AFE9E" box="[262,311,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">et al</emphasis>
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., 2002), no other specimens were collected, and this single queen remains the only known specimen of
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D62000E9F07FF40FEC7734DFEC2" box="[183,304,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Rhopalothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procera">
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<emphasis id="B906EAF3000E9F07FF40FEC7734DFEC2" box="[183,304,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">E. procera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the New World. This is remarkable, because
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D62000E9F07FC89FEC7718AFEC2" box="[894,1015,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Rhopalothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procera">
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<emphasis id="B906EAF3000E9F07FC89FEC7718AFEC2" box="[894,1015,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">E. procera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a polytypic species found in New
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<collectingCountry id="F3657671000E9F07FF60FEA27295FEE6" box="[151,232,332,356]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">Guinea</collectingCountry>
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and multiple Pacific islands west of New
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<collectingCountry id="F3657671000E9F07FD3FFEA27164FEE6" box="[712,793,332,356]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">Guinea</collectingCountry>
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(Brown and Kempf, 1960; Taylor, 1968, 1980; AntWeb, 2013), and related species also occur in this region (Taylor, 1968, 1970, 1980). Taylor (1980) describes
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D62000E9F07FAD2FE9F77E1FE0A" box="[1317,1436,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Rhopalothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procera">
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<emphasis id="B906EAF3000E9F07FAD2FE9F77E1FE0A" box="[1317,1436,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">E. procera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as "Widespread in rain forest and marginal habitats; East Indies,
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<collectingCountry id="F3657671000E9F07FC62FE7A766BFE2E" box="[917,1046,404,428]" name="Philippines" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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, Melanesia, Polynesia east to the Samoan Islands, and Cape York Peninsula ..." Its occurrence on multiple oceanic islands and in marginal habitats suggests a high dispersal ability and raises the possibility that it is an adventive species in
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<collectingCountry id="F3657671000E9F07FAE5FE3277E4FE76" box="[1298,1433,476,500]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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. Alternatively, it may be a relict lineage with a rare Neotropical representative.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCD36E1000E9F07FF30FDCA718FFD4E" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,895]" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D62000E9F07FF30FDCA73A8FDBE" box="[199,469,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eurhopalothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procera">
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<emphasis id="B906EAF3000E9F07FF30FDCA73A8FDBE" box="[199,469,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">Eurhopalothrix procera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has the double tooth row found in
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D62000E9F07FC85FDCB71A7FDBE" box="[882,986,549,572]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eurhopalothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gravis">
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<emphasis id="B906EAF3000E9F07FC85FDCB71A7FDBE" box="[882,986,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">E. gravis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and relatives. The double tooth row is visible on the La Selva queen and on the AntWeb image of a queen from the
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<collectingCountry id="F3657671000E9F07FBF2FDA976FEFDDD" box="[1029,1155,583,607]" name="Philippines" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54C98843000E9F07FB64FDA97680FDDD" box="[1171,1277,583,607]" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D62000E9F07FAD3FDA77360FD06" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eurhopalothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="procera" subSpecies="subdentatus">
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<emphasis id="B906EAF3000E9F07FAD3FDA77360FD06" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">E. procera subdentatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[Donisthorpe, 1942], a junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D62000E9F07FCE1FD8371F2FD06" box="[790,911,621,644]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eurhopalothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procera">
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<emphasis id="B906EAF3000E9F07FCE1FD8371F2FD06" box="[790,911,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">E. procera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). It is unknown whether other species in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D62000E9F07FF60FD7F7292FD2A" box="[151,239,657,680]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eurhopalothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procera">
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<emphasis id="B906EAF3000E9F07FF60FD7F7292FD2A" box="[151,239,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">procera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group also have the double tooth row. Cursory examination of the three Old World species
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D62000E9F07FB03FD7F770BFD2A" box="[1268,1398,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eurhopalothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis id="B906EAF3000E9F07FB03FD7F770BFD2A" box="[1268,1398,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">E. australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D62000E9F07FA73FD7F72AAFD4E" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eurhopalothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubia">
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<emphasis id="B906EAF3000E9F07FA73FD7F72AAFD4E" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">E. dubia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D62000E9F07FEE3FD5B73DCFD4E" box="[276,417,693,716]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eurhopalothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omnivaga">
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<emphasis id="B906EAF3000E9F07FEE3FD5B73DCFD4E" box="[276,417,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">E. omnivaga</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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showed that these species lack the double tooth row.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCD36E1000E9F07FF30FD397339FCFD" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,895]" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">
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The labrum of the La Selva queen is elongate, triangular, with two small lobes at the apex. The labrum is visible on the image of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D62000E9F07FE24FD1370A7FC96" box="[467,730,764,788]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eurhopalothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="procera" subSpecies="subdentatus">
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<emphasis id="B906EAF3000E9F07FE24FD1370A7FC96" box="[467,730,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">E. procera subdentatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<typeStatus id="54C98843000E9F07FD14FD127135FC96" box="[739,840,764,788]" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, and appears similar. The La Selva queen is smaller and with narrower head than other known
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D62000E9F07FD8DFCCF708FFCBA" box="[634,754,801,824]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eurhopalothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procera">
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<emphasis id="B906EAF3000E9F07FD8DFCCF708FFCBA" box="[634,754,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">E. procera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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queens. Brown and Kempf (1960) report worker HW 0.98– 1.35 and CI 106–111, with queens being the same as or slightly larger than workers. The La Selva queen has HW 0.91 and CI 95.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |