595 lines
74 KiB
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595 lines
74 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="13619EF23029DA2F0B9925E15A890717">Revision of the Highly Specialized Ant Genus Discothyrea (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Afrotropics with X-Ray Microtomography and 3 D Cybertaxonomy</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE512FFFCFCC4FDC0BFFB013E" ID-CoL="6CZPD" authority="Santschi, 1914" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1914" box="[818,1257,597,620]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="traegaordhi">
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<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFCC4FDC0BF51013E" box="[818,1091,597,620]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Discothyrea traegaordhi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE160ADE512FFFCFBBFFDC0BFFB013E" author="Santschi, F." box="[1097,1257,597,620]" journalOrPublisher="I. Tragardh. Goteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps och Vitterhets Samhalles Handlingar" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" pagination="1 - 44" part="15" refId="ref66765" refString="Santschi, F. 1914. Meddelanden fran Goteborgs Musei Zoologiska Afdelning. 3. Fourmis du Natal et du Zoulouland recoltees par le Dr. I. Tragardh. Goteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps och Vitterhets Samhalles Handlingar 15: 1 - 44." title="Meddelanden fran Goteborgs Musei Zoologiska Afdelning. 3. Fourmis du Natal et du Zoulouland recoltees par le Dr" type="journal article" year="1914">Santschi, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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(
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E512FFFCFCCCFDEDB88101DD" box="[826,915,632,655]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[146,173,1283,1300]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1247]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,147,1248]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4. Maps showing the known distribution ranges of Afrotropical Discothyrea species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542140/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Figs. 4R</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E512FFFCFC56FDEDB8AF01DD" box="[928,957,632,655]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[146,173,1454,1471]" captionTargetBox="[155,1434,149,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[154,1434,147,1419]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 6. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in full-face view (the remainder of the body virtually removed). All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation.Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542144" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542144/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">6R</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E512FFFCFC3DFDEDB8FA01DD" box="[971,1000,632,655]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[146,173,1457,1474]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1421]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[152,1435,147,1422]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 7. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile (the remainder of the body virtually removed).All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation. Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542148/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">7R</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E512FFFCFC00FDEDBF0101DD" box="[1014,1043,632,655]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[146,172,1457,1474]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1421]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[152,1435,147,1422]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the right mandible in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed).All Afrotropical species are shown,species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation.Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542150/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">8R</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E512FFFCFBD7FDEDBF2C01DD" box="[1057,1086,632,655]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[146,173,1457,1474]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1421]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[152,1435,147,1422]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 9. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in profile (the remainder of the body virtually removed). All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation.Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542152/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">9R</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E512FFFCFBBDFDEDBF6101DD" box="[1099,1139,632,655]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[146,173,1457,1474]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1421]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[152,1435,147,1422]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 10. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the body in dorsal view with focus on mesosoma.All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation. Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542154/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">10R</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E512FFFCFB74FDEDBFB401DD" box="[1154,1190,632,655]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[146,173,1454,1471]" captionTargetBox="[155,1434,149,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[154,1434,147,1419]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 11. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the posterior propodeum in posterior view (the remainder of the body virtually removed). All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation. Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542156" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542156/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">11R</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E512FFFCFB41FDEDBFF301DD" box="[1207,1249,632,655]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[146,173,1454,1471]" captionTargetBox="[155,1434,149,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[154,1434,147,1419]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 12. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the petiole and gaster in profile (the remainder of the body virtually removed).All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation.Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542158" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542158/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">12R</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E512FFFCFB18FDEDBE0B01DD" box="[1262,1305,632,655]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[146,173,534,551]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,499]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[152,1435,147,499]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 13. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of mesotibiae and mesotarsi with mesotibial apicoventral spur, if present, colorized in green. (A) D. gaia, (B) D. poweri, (C) D. traegaordhi, (D) D. dryad, (E) D. maia, (F) D. wakanda." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542160" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542160/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">13C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E512FFFCFAD0FDEDBE5D01DD" box="[1318,1359,632,655]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[146,173,1454,1471]" captionTargetBox="[155,1434,149,1419]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[154,1434,147,1419]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 14. Diagnostic plate showing differences in body pilosity. (A) D. mixta (CASENT0235473),(B) D. oculata (CASENT0235467),(C) D. aisnetu (CASENT0235475), (D) D.athene (CASENT0235476),(E) D.chimera (CASENT0235471),(F) D.damato (CASENT0247362),(G) D.dryad (CASENT0247371),(H) D.gaia (CASENT0247040), (I) D. gryphon (CASENT0247367), (J) D. hawkesi (CASENT0235470), (K) D. kalypso (CASENT0235468), (L) D. maia (CASENT0790541), (M) D. michelae (CASENT0235469), (N) D. patrizii (CASENT0235472), (O) D. penthos (CASENT0247383), (P) D. poweri (SAM-ENT-0011509), (Q) D. schulzei (CASENT0247370), (R) D. traegaordhi (CASENT0790122), (S) D. venus (CASENT0247017), (T) D. wakanda (CASENT0790326).With the exception of F, L, R,T, all other images are from https://www.antweb.org—photographers Michele Esposito and Will Ericson." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542162" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542162/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">14R</figureCitation>
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,
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE512FFFCFCC4FD0DBFCD01B9" blockId="71.[818,1367,597,748]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E512FFFCFCC4FD0DB88001FD" box="[818,914,664,687]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[146,173,1654,1671]" captionTargetBox="[249,1339,148,1619]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[248,1339,147,1619]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 15. Antennal anatomy showing flagellar fusion in Discothyrea. (A) D. mixta (CASENT0285473)—light microscopy, (B) D. traegaordhi (CASENT0790122) —light microscopy, (C) D. traegaordhi (CASENT0790122)—equivalent view to 15B but performed with surface volume rendering, (D) Zasphinctus sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 (CASENT0764654)—sagittal section of surface volume rendering, (E) D. traegaordhi (CASENT0790122)—sagittal section of surface volume rendering, (F) D. mixta (CASENT0790542)—surface volume rendering showing each antennomere in different color, (G) D. mixta (CASENT0790542)—equivalent view to 15F but sagittal section, (H) D. dryad (CASENT0247374)—sagittal section of surface volume rendering showing each antennomere in different color, (I) D. gryphon (CASENT0790103),sagittal section of surface volume rendering showing each antennomere in different color." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542164" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542164/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">15B, 15E</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E512FFFCFC56FD0DB8A901FD" box="[928,955,664,687]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="69.[818,845,1890,1907]" captionTargetBox="[819,1440,975,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@69.[819,1440,975,1854]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="Fig. 54. Stacked digital color images of D. traegaordhi Santschi,1914 neotype (CASENT0790122). (A) body in profile, (B) body in dorsal view, (C) head in full-face view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542240" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542240/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">54</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E512FFFCFC3EFD0DB8F101FD" box="[968,995,664,687]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="70.[146,173,1782,1799]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,147,1747]" captionTargetId="figure@70.[202,1386,147,1747]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Fig. 55. Still images from shaded surface display volume renderings of D. traegaordhi Santschi, 1914 neotype (CASENT0790122) showing virtually segmented body parts.(A) Body in dorsal view,(B) body in profile,(C) head in full-face view,(D) head in dorsal view,(E) head in anterodorsal view,(F) head in anterior view, (G) head in profile, (H) head in ventral view, (I) posterior propodeum in posterior view,(J) petiole in profile, (K) petiole and gaster in profile, (L) petiole in dorsal view,(M) petiole in anterior view, (N) petiole oblique anterior view, (O) gaster in dorsal view,(P) petiole in ventral view,(Q) abdominal sternite 3 in ventral view, (R) mesotibia and mesotarsus in anterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542242" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542242/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">55</figureCitation>
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; Supp Video S18 [online only])
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<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE512FFFCFCC4FD2EBFA7019C" authority="Santschi, 1914: 3" authorityName="Santschi" authorityPageNumber="3" authorityYear="1914" box="[818,1205,699,718]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="traegaordhi">
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<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFCC4FD2EBF1D019C" box="[818,1039,699,718]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Discothyrea traegaordhi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE160ADE512FFFCFBE0FD2EBFA7019C" author="Santschi, F." box="[1046,1205,699,718]" journalOrPublisher="I. Tragardh. Goteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps och Vitterhets Samhalles Handlingar" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" pagination="1 - 44" part="15" refId="ref66765" refString="Santschi, F. 1914. Meddelanden fran Goteborgs Musei Zoologiska Afdelning. 3. Fourmis du Natal et du Zoulouland recoltees par le Dr. I. Tragardh. Goteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps och Vitterhets Samhalles Handlingar 15: 1 - 44." title="Meddelanden fran Goteborgs Musei Zoologiska Afdelning. 3. Fourmis du Natal et du Zoulouland recoltees par le Dr" type="journal article" year="1914">Santschi, 1914: 3</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by monotypy
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<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE512FFFCFCC4FD4DBF8B01B9" authority="Arnold, 1916: 160" authorityName="Arnold" authorityPageNumber="160" authorityYear="1916" box="[818,1177,728,748]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hewitti">
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<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFCC4FD4DB8F401B9" box="[818,998,728,747]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Discothyrea hewitti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE160ADE512FFFCFC1AFD4DBF8B01B9" author="Arnold, G." box="[1004,1177,728,748]" journalOrPublisher="Ann. South African Mus." pageId="71" pageNumber="72" pagination="159 - 270" part="14" refId="ref64556" refString="Arnold, G. 1916. A monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. Part II. Ponerinae, Dorylinae. Ann. South African Mus. 14: 159 - 270." title="A monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. Part II. Ponerinae, Dorylinae" type="journal article" year="1916">Arnold, 1916: 160</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFB54FD4DBFCD01B9" bold="true" box="[1186,1247,728,747]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Syn. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E512FFFCFCC4FC8DBF220453" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE512FFFCFCC4FC8DB8A60079" blockId="71.[818,1443,792,1134]" box="[818,948,792,811]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E512FFFCFCC4FC8DB8A60079" bold="true" box="[818,948,792,811]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFCC4FC8DB8A60079" bold="true" box="[818,948,792,811]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Type Material</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE512FFFCFCC4FCA0BF3C00D1" blockId="71.[818,1443,792,1134]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFCC4FCA0B8F3001B" bold="true" box="[818,993,821,841]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
Of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE512FFFCFCA4FCA3B8C9001A" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1914" box="[850,987,821,841]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="traegaordhi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFCA4FCA3B8C9001A" bold="true" box="[850,987,821,841]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">D. traegaordhi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E512FFFCFC1EFCA0BF3C00D1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560153" collectingDate="1905-03-21" collectorName="I. Tragardh" country="South Africa" location="Natal" municipality="Pietermaritzburg" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFC1EFCA0BF75001A" bold="true" box="[1000,1127,821,840]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE512FFFCFC1EFCA0BF71001A" box="[1000,1123,821,840]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
pinned worker,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE512FFFCFAF6FCA3BEB0001B" box="[1280,1442,822,841]" name="South Africa" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E512FFFCFCC4FCC6B87A0034" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE512FFF1FCC4FDC0BEB10212:8EAF4B87E512FFFCFCC4FCC6B87A0034" box="[818,872,851,870]" country="South Africa" municipality="Pietermaritzburg" name="Natal" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Natal</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAB8726E512FFFCFC82FCC6BF020034" box="[884,1040,851,870]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Pietermaritzburg</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE512FFFCFBEAFCC6BF960034" box="[1052,1156,851,870]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1905-03-21">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E512FFFCFBEAFCC6BF960034" box="[1052,1156,851,870]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1905-03-21">21.III.1905</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFB62FCC6BFEF0034" box="[1172,1277,850,870]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE512FFFCFB62FCC6BFEF0034" box="[1172,1277,850,870]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">I. Trägårdh</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) (not in NHMB, apparently lost; see below).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE512FFFCFCA4FC18BF9400AB" blockId="71.[818,1443,792,1134]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E512FFFCFCA4FC18BF9400AB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560151" collectingDate="1977-01-20" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="W. L. & D. E. Brown" country="South Africa" elevation="900" latitude="-29.5616" location="Pietermaritzburg" longLatPrecision="48" longitude="30.323" municipality="Town Bush" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" specimenCode="CASENT0790122" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="neotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFCA4FC18BFB500F2" bold="true" box="[850,1191,909,929]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE512FFFCFCA4FC18B8A900F2" box="[850,955,909,928]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="neotype">NEOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
, by present designation
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, pinned worker,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE512FFFCFAA0FC1BB89600EC" name="South Africa" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE512FFFCFC6FFC3EBF3C00EC" box="[921,1070,939,958]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAB8726E512FFFCFBB4FC3EBFAA00EC" box="[1090,1208,939,958]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Town Bush</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, near
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E512FFFCFAFEFC3EBEB000EC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE512FFF1FCC4FDC0BEB10212:8EAF4B87E512FFFCFAFEFC3EBEB000EC" box="[1288,1442,939,958]" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.5616" longLatPrecision="48" longitude="30.323" municipality="Town Bush" name="Pietermaritzburg" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Pietermaritzburg</location>
|
||
[
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE512FFFCFCC1FC5DB8860089" box="[823,916,968,987]" degrees="29.5616" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" precision="5" value="-29.5616">−29.5616</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE512FFFCFC69FC5DB8F10089" box="[927,995,968,987]" degrees="30.323" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" precision="55" value="30.323">30.323</geoCoordinate>
|
||
],
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E512FFFCFC02FC5DBF20008E" box="[1012,1074,968,988]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="m" value="900.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE512FFFCFC02FC5DBF20008E" box="[1012,1074,968,988]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, native forest,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE512FFFCFB48FC5DBE0A0089" box="[1214,1304,968,987]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1977-01-20">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E512FFFCFB48FC5DBE0A0089" box="[1214,1304,968,987]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1977-01-20">20.I.1977</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFAD1FC5CB86300AA" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE512FFFCFAD1FC5CB86300AA" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">W.L. & D.E. Brown</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED618599E512FFFCFC72FC73B8DC00AB" box="[900,974,998,1017]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD6B527E512FFFCFC20FC73BF9300AB" box="[982,1153,998,1017]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">CASENT0790122</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE512FFFCFCA4FB96B88E073C" blockId="71.[818,1443,792,1134]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFCA4FB96B8FB0744" bold="true" box="[850,1001,1026,1046]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
Of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE512FFFCFC8CFB96B8F10747" authorityName="Arnold" authorityYear="1916" box="[890,995,1026,1046]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hewitti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFC8CFB96B8F10747" bold="true" box="[890,995,1026,1046]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">D. hewitti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E512FFFCFC0EFB96B88A073C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560145" collectingDate="1915-04" collectionCode="AMGS, SAMC" country="South Africa" elevation="533" location="Grahamstown" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFC0EFB96BF7B0744" bold="true" box="[1016,1129,1027,1046]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE512FFFCFC0EFB96BF7B0744" box="[1016,1129,1027,1046]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="syntype">SYNTYPES</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, two pinned queens,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE512FFFCFAA3FB96B8940761" name="South Africa" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E512FFFCFC65FBB5BF080761" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE512FFF1FCC4FDC0BEB10212:8EAF4B87E512FFFCFC65FBB5BF080761" box="[915,1050,1056,1075]" country="South Africa" name="Grahamstown" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Grahamstown</location>
|
||
[−33.3, 26.53333], ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E512FFFCFAF1FBB5BE5B0766" box="[1287,1353,1056,1076]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.33" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="m" value="533.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE512FFFCFAF1FBB5BE5B0766" box="[1287,1353,1056,1076]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.33" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="m" value="533.0">533 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE512FFFCFAA1FBB5BEB00761" box="[1367,1442,1056,1075]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1915-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E512FFFCFAA1FBB5BEB00761" box="[1367,1442,1056,1075]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1915-04">IV.1915</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFCCFFBABB8690702" box="[825,891,1086,1104]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Hewitt</emphasis>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED618599E512FFFCFC69FBABB8F60703" box="[927,996,1086,1105]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jk9j-qt42" name="Albany Museum" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">AMGS</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED618599E512FFFCFC0BFBABBF520703" box="[1021,1088,1086,1105]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
|
||
: SAM-ENT-11508) [
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED618599E512FFFCFAD4FBABBE760703" box="[1314,1380,1086,1105]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
|
||
type examined]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE512FFFCFCC4FB0DBF4506C4" blockId="71.[818,1442,1176,1430]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFCC4FB0DB8D207F9" box="[818,960,1176,1195]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Virtual dataset.</emphasis>
|
||
Volumetric raw data (in DICOM format), 3D rotation video, still images of surface volume rendering, and 3D surface (in PLY format) of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE512FFFCFBF9FB46BF4507B4" box="[1039,1111,1235,1254]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(CASENT0790122) in addition to stacked digital color images illustrating head in full-face view, profile and dorsal views of the body. The data are deposited at Dryad (Hita Garcia et al. 2019, http://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.3qm4183) and can be freely accessed as virtual representation of the species. In addition to the data at Dryad, we also provide a freely accessible 3D surface model at Sketchfab (Model 18).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE512FFFCFCC4FA5DB8C50689" blockId="71.[818,1443,1480,1793]" box="[818,983,1480,1499]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E512FFFCFCC4FA5DB8C50689" bold="true" box="[818,983,1480,1499]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFCC4FA5DB8C50689" bold="true" box="[818,983,1480,1499]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Nontype Material</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE512FFFCFCC4FA73BF220453" blockId="71.[818,1443,1480,1793]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E512FFFCFCC4FA73BE8F0544" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560154" collectingDate="1985-10-27" collectorName="H. G. Robertson" country="South Africa" elevation="1200" latitude="-32.23333" location="Mountain Zebra National Park" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.46667" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE512FFFCFCC4FA73B8CB06AB" box="[818,985,1510,1529]" name="South Africa" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE512FFFCFC13FA73BF7606AB" box="[997,1124,1510,1529]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E512FFFCFB86FA70BE8C06AA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE512FFF1FCC4FDC0BEB10212:8EAF4B87E512FFFCFB86FA70BE8C06AA" box="[1136,1438,1509,1528]" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.23333" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.46667" name="Mountain Zebra National Park" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Mountain Zebra National Park</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE512FFFCFCC4F996B88A0544" box="[818,920,1539,1558]" degrees="32.23333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" precision="1" value="-32.23333">−32.23333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE512FFFCFC5DF996BF140544" box="[939,1030,1539,1558]" degrees="25.46667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" precision="1" value="25.46667">25.46667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E512FFFCFBEEF996BF780544" box="[1048,1130,1539,1558]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="m" value="1200.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE512FFFCFBEEF996BF780544" box="[1048,1130,1539,1558]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE512FFFCFB8BF996BFF30544" box="[1149,1249,1539,1558]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1985-10-27">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E512FFFCFB8BF996BFF30544" box="[1149,1249,1539,1558]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1985-10-27">27.X.1985</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFB01F996BE870544" box="[1271,1429,1539,1558]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE512FFFCFB01F996BE870544" box="[1271,1429,1539,1558]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">H.G. Robertson</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E512FFFCFCC4F9B4BF4A0503" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560152" collectingDate="1986-04-05" collectorName="H. G. Robertson" country="South Africa" elevation="4" latitude="-33.566" location="Port Alfred" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="27.0166" municipality="Riet River" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE512FFFCFCC4F9B4B8BD0561" box="[818,943,1568,1588]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAB8726E512FFFCFC4FF9B5BF0A0561" box="[953,1048,1568,1587]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Riet River</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
near
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E512FFFCFBB9F9B4BFAA0561" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE512FFF1FCC4FDC0BEB10212:8EAF4B87E512FFFCFBB9F9B4BFAA0561" box="[1103,1208,1568,1588]" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.566" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="27.0166" municipality="Riet River" name="Port Alfred" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Port Alfred</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE512FFFCFB35F9B5BE030561" box="[1219,1297,1568,1587]" degrees="33.566" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" precision="55" value="-33.566">−33.566</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE512FFFCFAEAF9B5BE790561" box="[1308,1387,1568,1587]" degrees="27.0166" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" precision="5" value="27.0166">27.0166</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E512FFFCFA60F9B5B8570503" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="m" value="4.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE512FFFCFA60F9B5B8570503" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="m" value="4.0">4 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE512FFFCFCA6F9A8B8B90502" box="[848,939,1597,1616]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1986-04-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E512FFFCFCA6F9A8B8B90502" box="[848,939,1597,1616]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1986-04-05">5.IV.1986</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFC4CF9ABBF420502" box="[954,1104,1597,1617]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE512FFFCFC4CF9ABBF420502" box="[954,1104,1597,1617]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">H.G. Robertson</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E512FFFCFB93F9ABBF6E05D9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560147" collectingDate="1987-11-24" collectorName="S. Endrody-Younga" country="South Africa" elevation="80" location="Port St Johns" municipality="Silaka" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE512FFFCFB93F9ABBFF00503" box="[1125,1250,1598,1617]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAB8726E512FFFCFB1BF9A8BE350502" box="[1261,1319,1597,1616]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Silaka</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, near
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E512FFFCFA97F9ABB87A053C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE512FFF1FCC4FDC0BEB10212:8EAF4B87E512FFFCFA97F9ABB87A053C" country="South Africa" municipality="Silaka" name="Port St Johns" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Port St Johns</location>
|
||
, −31.65, 29.5, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E512FFFCFBE1F9CEBF58053C" box="[1047,1098,1627,1646]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="m" value="80.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE512FFFCFBE1F9CEBF58053C" box="[1047,1098,1627,1646]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="m" value="80.0">80 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, indigenous wet forest along stream,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE512FFFCFCC4F9EDB88F05D9" box="[818,925,1656,1675]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1987-11-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E512FFFCFCC4F9EDB88F05D9" box="[818,925,1656,1675]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1987-11-24">24.XI.1987</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFC40F9EDBF6705D9" box="[950,1141,1656,1675]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE512FFFCFC40F9EDBF6705D9" box="[950,1141,1656,1675]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">S. Endrody-Younga</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E512FFFCFB62F9EDBE8F0594" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560146" collectingDate="1977-01-26" collectorName="W. L. & D. E. Brown" country="South Africa" elevation="30" latitude="-28.365" location="Mtubatuba" longLatPrecision="73" longitude="32.336" municipality="Dukuduku Forest Reserve" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE512FFFCFB62F9EDBE3B05D9" box="[1172,1321,1656,1675]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAB8726E512FFFCFAC8F9EDB8AD05FB" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Dukuduku Forest Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E512FFFCFC3BF900BF2205FA" box="[973,1072,1685,1704]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="km" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">12–15 km</quantity>
|
||
E.
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E512FFFCFBAEF900BFD005FA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE512FFF1FCC4FDC0BEB10212:8EAF4B87E512FFFCFBAEF900BFD005FA" box="[1112,1218,1685,1704]" country="South Africa" latitude="-28.365" longLatPrecision="73" longitude="32.336" municipality="Dukuduku Forest Reserve" name="Mtubatuba" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Mtubatuba</location>
|
||
, [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE512FFFCFB20F900BE3305FA" box="[1238,1313,1685,1704]" degrees="28.365" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" precision="55" value="-28.365">-28.365</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE512FFFCFAC6F900BE6705FA" box="[1328,1397,1685,1704]" degrees="32.336" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" precision="55" value="32.336">32.336</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E512FFFCFCC4F926B8760594" box="[818,868,1715,1734]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="m" value="30.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE512FFFCFCC4F926B8760594" box="[818,868,1715,1734]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, coast vine forest on sand,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE512FFFCFB9CF926BFD60594" box="[1130,1220,1715,1734]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1977-01-26">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E512FFFCFB9CF926BFD60594" box="[1130,1220,1715,1734]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1977-01-26">26.I.1977</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFB25F926BE870597" box="[1235,1429,1715,1734]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE512FFFCFB25F926BE870597" box="[1235,1429,1715,1734]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">W.L. & D.E. Brown</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E512FFFCFCC4F945BF3E0453" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560178" collectingDate="1977-09-23" collectorName="D. J. Brothers" country="South Africa" elevation="25" location="St. Lucia Estuary" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE512FFFCFCC4F945B8D505B1" box="[818,967,1744,1763]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E512FFFCFC21F945BF9205B6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE512FFF1FCC4FDC0BEB10212:8EAF4B87E512FFFCFC21F945BF9205B6" box="[983,1152,1744,1764]" country="South Africa" name="St. Lucia Estuary" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">St. Lucia Estuary</location>
|
||
, [-28.382, 32.41], ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E512FFFCFA90F945BE8C05B6" box="[1382,1438,1744,1764]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="m" value="25.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE512FFFCFA90F945BE8C05B6" box="[1382,1438,1744,1764]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE512FFFCFCC4F97BB88E0453" box="[818,924,1774,1793]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1977-09-23">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E512FFFCFCC4F97BB88E0453" box="[818,924,1774,1793]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1977-09-23">23.IX.1977</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFC5FF97BBF310452" box="[937,1059,1773,1792]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE512FFFCFC5FF97BBF310452" box="[937,1059,1773,1792]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">D.J. Brothers</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E512FFF3FCC4F8A6B96403B1" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE512FFFCFCC4F8A6B89E0414" blockId="71.[818,1442,1843,1950]" box="[818,908,1843,1862]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E512FFFCFCC4F8A6B89E0414" bold="true" box="[818,908,1843,1862]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFCC4F8A6B89E0414" bold="true" box="[818,908,1843,1862]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE512FFF3FCC4F8C5B96403B1" blockId="71.[818,1442,1843,1950]" lastBlockId="72.[146,770,149,228]" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
The following character combination distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE512FFFCFAEEF8C4BEB30431" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1914" box="[1304,1441,1872,1891]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="traegaordhi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE512FFFCFAEEF8C4BEB30431" box="[1304,1441,1872,1891]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">D. traegaordhi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the remainder of the species complex: smaller species (WL 0.51–0.57); shorter antennal scapes (SI 50–55); apicoventral mesotibial spur present; relatively shorter legs (HFI 54–58); petiole relatively thinner (DPeI 235–289; LPeI 236–313); gastral terga without erect setae, only with appressed pubescence.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E51DFFF1FF64FE8BBADF01E4" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51DFFF3FF64FE8BB9320262" blockId="72.[146,770,285,481]" box="[146,544,285,305]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E51DFFF3FF64FE8BB9320262" bold="true" box="[146,544,285,305]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51DFFF3FF64FE8BB9320262" bold="true" box="[146,544,285,305]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
Worker Measurements and Indices (
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51DFFF3FE2BFE8BBAFB0263" bold="true" box="[477,489,286,305]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 10)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51DFFF3FF64FEAEBA6A02B2" blockId="72.[146,770,285,481]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
EL 0.03–0.05; HL 0.47–0.52; HW 0.39–0.43; SL 0.24–0.28;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE51DFFF3FD12FEAEB810021C" box="[740,770,315,334]" name="Philippines" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">PH</collectingCountry>
|
||
0.25–0.28; PW 0.24–0.31; DML 0.33–0.39; PrH 0.29–0.33; WL 0.51–0.57; HFL 0.28–0.32; PeL 0.07–0.09; PeW 0.19–0.23; LT3 0.28–0.35; LT4 0.34–0.43; OI 7–10; CI 82–84; SI 50–55; LMI 47–52; DMI 48–55; DMI2 67–76; ASI 113–124; HFI 54–58; DPeI 235–289; LPeI 236–313.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51DFFF3FF64FD8EBA55017C" blockId="72.[146,771,539,1936]" box="[146,327,539,558]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E51DFFF3FF64FD8EBA55017C" bold="true" box="[146,327,539,558]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51DFFF3FF64FD8EBA55017C" bold="true" box="[146,327,539,558]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Worker Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51DFFF3FF64FDADB91307BC" blockId="72.[146,771,539,1936]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51DFFF3FF64FDADBBD60119" box="[146,196,568,587]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Head</emphasis>
|
||
somewhat longer than broad (CI 82–84), posterior head margin straight to weakly convex, posterodorsal corners of head broadly rounded; sides of head in frontal view convex; eyes present, relatively large (OI 7–10), round, usually comprising five to eight ommatidia, placed about a third of the way between anterolateral corner of gena and posterior head margin; eyes visible in frontal view; frontal lamella fairly short and roughly triangular in profile, apex rounded to acute; lamella not translucent across its disc, lacking a distinct fenestra; medial clypeus convex, lateral clypeus curving shallowly between antennal sockets and anterolateral corners of head, bearing short, curved setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51DFFF3FDDCFCCBB96A0023" box="[554,632,862,881]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Antenna</emphasis>
|
||
with short to moderately long scape (SI 50–55), scape slightly expanded apically, gently bent; pedicel subglobose, approximately as long as broad to slightly broader than long; apparent antennomere count seven to nine, but eight in most cases, flagellomeres basad apical club highly compressed, taken together shorter than apical club.
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51DFFF3FD36FC65B8100751" box="[704,770,1008,1027]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Ventral</emphasis>
|
||
head with low, V-shaped preoccipital ridge with short, triangular anteromedial projection; median area of hypostoma broadly triangular, arms narrowed, similar in width across their length; palpal formula not examined.
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51DFFF3FE84FBF0BAD8072A" box="[370,458,1125,1144]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Mandible</emphasis>
|
||
edentate except for long, square to crenulate prebasal angle; basal angle rounded to squared; ectal face with carina originating at basal angle, becoming confluent with masticatory margin at around apical one-third, leaving narrow depressed region including prebasal angle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0F4DD4E51DFFF3FCC4FBB0BEB1073B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542244" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3542244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542244/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" startId="72.[818,844,1061,1078]" targetBox="[819,1440,147,1026]" targetPageId="72">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51DFFF3FCC4FBB0BEB1073B" blockId="72.[818,1443,1061,1129]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51DFFF3FCC4FBB0B86A0764" bold="true" box="[818,888,1061,1078]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Fig. 56.</emphasis>
|
||
Stacked digital color images of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51DFFF3FB45FBB0BE160764" authority="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo, 2019" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[1203,1284,1061,1078]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51DFFF3FB45FBB0BE160764" box="[1203,1284,1061,1078]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">D. venus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2377C35E51DFFF3FAE2FBB0BE5E0764" box="[1300,1356,1061,1078]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
paratype (CASENT0247017—from https://www.antweb.org, photographer Michele Esposito).(A) body in profile,(B) body in dorsal view,(C) head in full-face view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51DFFF3FF44FB6CBAAB0541" blockId="72.[146,771,539,1936]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51DFFF3FF44FB6CBA060659" box="[178,276,1273,1291]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
weakly convex, pronotum either slightly higher than propodeum or at about same height; in dorsal view, mesosoma conspicuously slender and elongate (DMI 48–55; DMI2 73–83), moderately narrowed posteriorly, pronotum somewhat wider than propodeum; pronotal humeri rounded; posterior propodeal margin straight to very slightly concave; posterodorsal corners of propodeum rounded, without denticles or strong angles; declivitous face of propodeum slightly concave in profile and oblique posterior view; propodeal spiracle distinct, directed posterolaterally; propodeal lobes short, rounded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51DFFF3FF44F98BBAA80539" blockId="72.[146,771,539,1936]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51DFFF3FF44F98BBBCF0562" box="[178,221,1566,1584]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
short (HFI 54–58); mesotibia with distinct apicoventral spur; mesobasitarsus relatively short, subequal in length to tarsomeres II–IV taken together.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51DFFF3FF44F9E0BBED04C2" blockId="72.[146,771,539,1936]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51DFFF3FF44F9E0BA3E05DA" box="[178,300,1653,1672]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Petiolar node</emphasis>
|
||
weakly attenuated dorsally, about 2.4 to 3.1 times higher than long (LPeI 236–313) in profile anterior face of node straight to weakly convex, apex peaked, petiolar dorsum straight or sloping down anteriorly, posterior face subvertical; in dorsal view, node approximately rectangular, about 2.3 to 2.9 times broader than long (DPeI 235–289), sides divergent posteriorly; in anterior view, petiolar outline broadly pentagonal to round, angles rounded; in oblique anterior view; anterior face flat; subpetiolar process variable in shape, moderately long, broadly lobate, subrectangular to rectangular.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51DFFF3FCA4FB07BF7506DD" blockId="72.[818,1442,1170,1922]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51DFFF3FCA4FB07BF0C07F7" box="[850,1054,1170,1189]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Abdominal segment 3</emphasis>
|
||
campaniform, widest just anterad end of segment; tergite slightly anteriorly prolonged over petiole; sternite evenly curved to posteriorly bulging in profile;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE51DFFF3FB15FB58BE1207B2" box="[1251,1280,1229,1248]" name="American Samoa" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
3 without median ridge, posterior lobe broad and indistinct; prora carinate, concave in ventral view; AT4 around 1.1 to 1.2 times longer than AT3 (ASI 105–124); AT4 evenly rounded hemidemispherical;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE51DFFF3FAD7FAB0BE2E066A" box="[1313,1340,1317,1336]" name="American Samoa" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
4 with anterior lip overlapping about median two-third the width of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE51DFFF3FAA5FAD7BE630607" box="[1363,1393,1346,1365]" name="American Samoa" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
3, anterior face convex in ventral view; successive abdominal segments short, telescopic, often concealed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51DFFF3FCA4FA0FBE330528" blockId="72.[818,1442,1170,1922]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51DFFF3FCA4FA0FB8BB06FF" box="[850,937,1434,1453]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Sculpture</emphasis>
|
||
of head, mesosoma, petiole, and abdominal segment 3 shallowly punctate-reticulate; mandibles moderately shining with piligerous punctulae; punctae on lateral mesosoma somewhat larger but sparser; absent or nearly so on declivitous face of propodeum, the disc of which more strongly shining than remainder of mesosoma; fine rugulae present on ventrolateral and declivitous surfaces of propodeum; AT4 with minute but distinct, very densely arranged piligerous punctae, clearly shinier than AT3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51DFFF3FCA4F910B8FE0415" blockId="72.[818,1442,1170,1922]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51DFFF3FCA4F910B88F05CA" box="[850,925,1669,1688]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Setation</emphasis>
|
||
mostly consisting of appressed white pubescence, more or less evenly distributed over entire body, sometimes more diluted on head; abdominal segments five through seven with long, flexuous standing setae; appendages with well-developed, evenly distributed appressed pubescence; ectal face of mandible with abundant, curved, appressed to decumbent setae; with row of straight, stout setae on masticatory margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51DFFF3FCA4F8C7BFB804D0" blockId="72.[818,1442,1170,1922]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51DFFF3FCA4F8C7B8950437" box="[850,903,1874,1893]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Color</emphasis>
|
||
unicolorous luteous to matte orange brown to darker chestnut brown with lighter appendages.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0F4DD4E51CFFF2FF64F963BAE4043F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542246" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3542246" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542246/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" startId="73.[146,173,1782,1799]" targetBox="[202,1386,147,1747]" targetPageId="73">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51CFFF2FF64F963BAE4043F" blockId="73.[146,1444,1782,1901]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51CFFF2FF64F963BBDE0455" bold="true" box="[146,204,1782,1799]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 57.</emphasis>
|
||
Still images from shaded surface display volume renderings of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51CFFF2FD10F963B83C0455" authority="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo, 2019" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[742,814,1782,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51CFFF2FD10F963B83C0455" box="[742,814,1782,1799]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">D. venus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2377C35E51CFFF2FCC3F963B8710455" box="[821,867,1782,1799]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
holotype (CASENT0790116) showing virtually segmented body parts. (A) Body in dorsal view, (B) body in profile, (C) head in full-face view, (D) head in dorsal view, (E) head in anterodorsal view, (F) head in anterior view, (G) head in profile, (H) head in ventral view, (I) posterior propodeum in posterior view, (J) petiole in profile, (K) petiole and gaster in profile, (L) petiole in dorsal view, (M) petiole in anterior view, (N) petiole oblique anterior view, (O) gaster in dorsal view, (P) petiole in ventral view, (Q) abdominal sternite 3 in ventral view, (R) mesotibia and mesotarsus in anterior view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51FFFF1FF64FDCCBADF01E4" blockId="74.[146,770,601,694]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FF64FDCCBBFE0138" bold="true" box="[146,236,601,618]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Model 19.</emphasis>
|
||
3D surface model of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51FFFF1FE3CFDCCB9B80138" authority="Santschi, 1914" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1914" box="[458,682,601,618]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FE3CFDCCB90E0138" box="[458,540,601,618]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. venus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE160ADE51FFFF1FDDDFDCCB9B80138" author="Santschi, F." box="[555,682,601,618]" journalOrPublisher="I. Tragardh. Goteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps och Vitterhets Samhalles Handlingar" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 44" part="15" refId="ref66765" refString="Santschi, F. 1914. Meddelanden fran Goteborgs Musei Zoologiska Afdelning. 3. Fourmis du Natal et du Zoulouland recoltees par le Dr. I. Tragardh. Goteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps och Vitterhets Samhalles Handlingar 15: 1 - 44." title="Meddelanden fran Goteborgs Musei Zoologiska Afdelning. 3. Fourmis du Natal et du Zoulouland recoltees par le Dr" type="journal article" year="1914">Santschi, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE51FFFF1FD4FFDCCB8130138" box="[697,769,601,618]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(CASENT0790116). An interactive version of this model is available in the HTML version of this article online and at https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/ e0479eb664da4ecdb93ad9091e
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE51FFFF1FE79FD30BADA01E4" box="[399,456,677,694]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="81-12-02">120281</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E51FFFF1FF64FD48B9760037" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51FFFF1FF64FD48BA6A01A2" blockId="74.[146,770,733,869]" box="[146,376,733,752]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E51FFFF1FF64FD48BA6A01A2" bold="true" box="[146,376,733,752]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FF64FD48BA6A01A2" bold="true" box="[146,376,733,752]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Distribution and Biology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51FFFF1FF64FD6FB9760037" blockId="74.[146,770,733,869]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
At present,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51FFFF1FF0EFD6EBA6F005F" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1914" box="[248,381,762,781]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="traegaordhi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FF0EFD6EBA6F005F" box="[248,381,762,781]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. traegaordhi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE51FFFF1FDC0FD6FB9BA005F" box="[566,680,762,781]" name="South Africa" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134B01D9E51FFFF1FD45FD6FB9E4005F" box="[691,758,762,781]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[146,173,1283,1300]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1247]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,147,1248]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4. Maps showing the known distribution ranges of Afrotropical Discothyrea species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542140/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Fig. 4R</figureCitation>
|
||
). It seems to be moderately distributed from the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE51FFFF1FDCCFC8DB9A00079" box="[570,690,792,811]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
to Kwa- Zulu Natal. Based on the limited data available,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51FFFF1FDA6FCA0B9C5001A" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1914" box="[592,727,821,840]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="traegaordhi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FDA6FCA0B9C5001A" box="[592,727,821,840]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. traegaordhi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
prefers forested habitats at low to medium elevations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E51FFFF1FF64FC0FBEB10212" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51FFFF1FF64FC0FBBE400FF" blockId="74.[146,771,922,1939]" box="[146,246,922,941]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E51FFFF1FF64FC0FBBE400FF" bold="true" box="[146,246,922,941]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FF64FC0FBBE400FF" bold="true" box="[146,246,922,941]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51FFFF1FF64FC22B9CC065F" blockId="74.[146,771,922,1939]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
The original
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE51FFFF1FEDAFC22BA690098" box="[300,379,951,970]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
with the data
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE51FFFF1FDBDFC2DB9ED0099" box="[587,767,952,971]" name="South Africa" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Natal, Pietermaritzburg,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE51FFFF1FE54FC40B91500BA" box="[418,519,981,1000]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="1905-03-21">21.III.1905</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FDDBFC40B99900BA" box="[557,651,981,1000]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Tragaordh</emphasis>
|
||
) (NHMB: CASENT0915310) is presumably lost. The pin with the original label located in the collection of NHMB lacks a specimen. This was confirmed by us, as well as by the curatorial staff of NHMB. Since the original description does not provide sufficient diagnostic information to properly delineate this species and no type material exists, we consider it necessary to designate a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE51FFFF1FE76FB10BAD507CA" box="[384,455,1157,1176]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in order to clarify and stabilize the taxonomic and nomenclatorial status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51FFFF1FDFEFB36B99C07E7" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1914" box="[520,654,1186,1205]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="traegaordhi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FDFEFB36B99C07E7" box="[520,654,1186,1205]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. traegaordhi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The chosen
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE51FFFF1FF64FB55BBCB0781" box="[146,217,1216,1235]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is from the same area around Pietermaritzburg in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE51FFFF1FD52FB2ABBD707A2" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Kwa-Zulu Natal</collectingRegion>
|
||
as the original
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE51FFFF1FEA5FB48BAB007A2" box="[339,418,1245,1264]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
representing a very close geographical approximation to the type location from the original publication.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51FFFF1FF44FA8DBADC0502" blockId="74.[146,771,922,1939]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
In the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51FFFF1FE3FFA8DB9A50678" authority="Arnold (1916)" authorityName="Arnold" authorityYear="1916" box="[457,695,1303,1322]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hewitti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FE3FFA8DB93A0678" box="[457,552,1303,1322]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. hewitti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE160ADE51FFFF1FDD9FA82B9A50678" author="Arnold, G." box="[559,695,1303,1322]" journalOrPublisher="Ann. South African Mus." pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="159 - 270" part="14" refId="ref64556" refString="Arnold, G. 1916. A monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. Part II. Ponerinae, Dorylinae. Ann. South African Mus. 14: 159 - 270." title="A monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. Part II. Ponerinae, Dorylinae" type="journal article" year="1916">Arnold (1916)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
already suggested that both taxa could represent the same species, but due to the lack of workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51FFFF1FE71FAC6BAF40637" authorityName="Arnold" authorityYear="1916" box="[391,486,1362,1381]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hewitti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FE71FAC6BAF40637" box="[391,486,1362,1381]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. hewitti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and queens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51FFFF1FD8FFAC6B8130637" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1914" box="[633,769,1362,1381]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="traegaordhi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FD8FFAC6B8130637" box="[633,769,1362,1381]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. traegaordhi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
he hesitated to unite them under one name. Later,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE160ADE51FFFF1FD85FAE5B81006D0" author="Brown, W. L." box="[627,770,1391,1411]" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool." pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="173 - 362" part="118" refId="ref64825" refString="Brown, W. L. 1958 a. Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. II. Tribe Ectatommini (Hymenoptera). Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 118: 173 - 362." title="Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. II. Tribe Ectatommini (Hymenoptera)" type="journal article" year="1958">Brown (1958a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
opined that the only dissimilarities between the two taxa are typical caste-specific differences. Based on the comparison of one
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE51FFFF1FD4AFA3FB81006EF" box="[700,770,1450,1469]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
queen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51FFFF1FF10FA5DBA510688" authorityName="Arnold" authorityYear="1916" box="[230,323,1479,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hewitti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FF10FA5DBA510688" box="[230,323,1479,1498]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. hewitti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with two queens associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51FFFF1FD80FA5DB9EE0688" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1914" box="[630,764,1479,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="traegaordhi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FD80FA5DB9EE0688" box="[630,764,1479,1498]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. traegaordhi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we are able to solve this problem. Since the material of both does not show any significant morphological differences, it is apparent that both species are conspecific. Consequently, we propose
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51FFFF1FD7AF9B5B9FB0560" authorityName="Arnold" authorityYear="1916" box="[652,745,1567,1586]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hewitti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FD7AF9B5B9FB0560" box="[652,745,1567,1586]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. hewitti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51FFFF1FEB7F9A8BAD50502" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1914" box="[321,455,1597,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="traegaordhi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FEB7F9A8BAD50502" box="[321,455,1597,1616]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. traegaordhi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51FFFF1FF44F9CFBE9F0394" blockId="74.[146,771,922,1939]" lastBlockId="74.[818,1442,149,198]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
As noted above,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51FFFF1FEA0F9CEBAF2053F" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1914" box="[342,480,1626,1645]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="traegaordhi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FEA0F9CEBAF2053F" box="[342,480,1626,1645]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. traegaordhi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be grouped with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51FFFF1FD4DF9CEB810053F" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[699,770,1627,1645]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FD4DF9CEB810053F" box="[699,770,1627,1645]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. gaia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51FFFF1FF32F9EDBA3E05D8" baseAuthorityName="Arnold" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[196,300,1656,1674]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poweri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FF32F9EDBA3E05D8" box="[196,300,1656,1674]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. poweri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
since they all possess a conspicuously large apicoventral spur on the mesotibia and relatively large eyes (OI 7–10). Nevertheless, the separation of these three species is straightforward.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51FFFF1FF1EF95ABAD705B0" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1914" box="[232,453,1743,1762]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="traegaordhi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FF1EF95ABAD705B0" box="[232,453,1743,1762]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Discothyrea traegaordhi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a considerably thinner petiole (DPeI 235–289; LPeI 236–313) and shorter antennal scapes (SI 50–55) than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51FFFF1FEFBF89EBA7E044F" baseAuthorityName="Arnold" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[269,364,1803,1821]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poweri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FEFBF89EBA7E044F" box="[269,364,1803,1821]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. poweri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(DPeI 135–173; LPeI 152–194; SI 61–68). In addition, the latter species is also much larger (WL 0.67–0.84 vs. WL 0.51–0.57) and has longer legs (HFI 61–69 vs. HFI 54–58).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51FFFF1FF64F8F7BA3F0427" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[146,301,1890,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FF64F8F7BA3F0427" box="[146,301,1890,1909]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Discothyrea gaia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possesses numerous erect setae, especially on AT3, and a generally thicker petiole (DPeI 192–255; LPeI 194–264), both distinguishing it clearly from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE51FFFF1FBB1FF03BFDD03FA" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1914" box="[1095,1231,149,168]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="traegaordhi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FBB1FF03BFDD03FA" box="[1095,1231,149,168]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. traegaordhi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Otherwise, these two species are morphologically very close and could be sister species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51FFFF1FCC4FF66B89A0254" blockId="74.[818,1443,243,321]" box="[818,904,243,262]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E51FFFF1FCC4FF66B89A0254" bold="true" box="[818,904,243,262]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE51FFFF1FCC4FF66B89A0254" bold="true" box="[818,904,243,262]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Variation</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE51FFFF1FCC4FE85BEB10212" blockId="74.[818,1443,243,321]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">There is some slight variation in the thickness of the petiole and the coarseness of the sculpture, but all well within species-specific boundaries.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |