308 lines
38 KiB
XML
308 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="B988983D440BA0D2FF55F2EEDCF2300D" ID-CLB-Dataset="38786" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.158827" ID-GBIF-Dataset="811e894b-7f30-43b6-ae1b-8ccfb1aa19a7" ID-ISSN="1-877354-49-X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="158827" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1466334950002" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Humberto F. Mendes, Trond Andersen & Ole A. Saether" docDate="2004" docId="03D487DAFFE3D2720F67714D88AE917F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00594.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 594" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Antillocladius Saether" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="FFEDFFA2FFF5D26A0E6F7051890E9461" masterDocTitle="A review of Antillocladius Saether, 1981; Compterosmittia Saether, 1981 and Litocladius new genus (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="82" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1698663048757" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="91EB7ED868A8139BB98D52F57B5EB284" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3FA8C89E876282A90F8EF428F3822B62">
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<mods:title id="B74E10D538EB9E236D7DFAC343325241">A review of Antillocladius Saether, 1981; Compterosmittia Saether, 1981 and Litocladius new genus (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DD542CB6A2CF2C467584191A5FEFF5BC">Humberto F. Mendes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9FC946943EE7E4DCF0A3C9DB2E5D9294">Trond Andersen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="56FC1A4782CD29E764BA8EB181D83BE8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="213DB9A876ADCE5EE6EB8D6A99AA39FD">Ole A. Saether</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="7B90F7E4236F343DF0871284F4CF8EAB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A332E911C031B4E6553AAAFDD5C6E1FE">
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<mods:date id="3C56006D30E5D361EE74FC47F7855500">2004</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="07991073C3BB8F97246E67DEC561F957" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="F6A7573CA133C8801070FF0DC24ADCCA">594</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="E02977FFD5014074C9416F3F241F2B5B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="EF78CC9CD3D5777985523A3CC6ED62E7" type="CLB-Dataset">38786</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4BA4F6138E4D93DE0224FD49D99815EC" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.158827</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D487DAFFE3D2720F67714D88AE917F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6273033" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120828977" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6273033" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D487DAFFE3D2720F67714D88AE917F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D487DAFFE3D2720F67714D88AE917F" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection id="C3676547FFE3D27C0F67714D8B1D9554" box="[264,531,283,310]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE3D27C0F67714D8B1D9554" blockId="22.[264,531,283,310]" box="[264,531,283,310]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<heading id="D08A81A0FFE3D27C0F67714D8B1D9554" bold="true" box="[264,531,283,310]" fontSize="11" level="5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0F67714D8B1D9554" ID-CoL="XMH" authority="Saether" authorityName="Saether" box="[264,531,283,310]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0F67714D8B1D9554" bold="true" box="[264,531,283,310]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0F67714D88BF9557" bold="true" box="[264,433,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Antillocladius</emphasis>
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Saether
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3676547FFE3D27C0F6771368A1695FC" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE3D27C0F6771368A1695FC" blockId="22.[264,1322,358,414]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6D11E2FFE3D27C0F6771368A1695FC" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0F6771368B43951C" ID-CoL="XMH" authority="Saether, 1981: 4" authorityName="Saether" authorityPageNumber="4" authorityYear="1981" box="[264,589,358,382]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0F6771368890951F" box="[264,414,359,382]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Antillocladius</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADC10DDFFE3D27C0FCB71378B43951C" author="Saether" box="[420,589,358,381]" page="4" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1981">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4B3DFFE3D27C0FCB71378B3D951C" author="Saether" box="[420,563,358,381]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Saether, O. A. (1981) Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) from the British West Indies, with descriptions of Antillocladius n. gen., Lipurometriocnemus n. gen., Compterosmittia n. gen. and Diplosmittia n. gen. Entomologica scandinavica, Supplement, 16, 1 - 46." type="journal article" year="1981">Saether, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 4
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADC10DDFFE3D27C0C3671378A7E951C" author="Coffman" box="[601,880,358,382]" page="160" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1986">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4B3DFFE3D27C0C3671378A35951C" author="Coffman" box="[601,827,358,382]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Coffman, W. P., Cranston, P. S., Oliver, D. R. & Saether, O. A. (1986) The pupae of Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region. Keys and diagnoses. In: Wiederholm, T. (Ed) Chironomidae of the Holarctic region. Keys and diagnoses. Part 2. Pupae. Entomologica scandinavica, Supplement, 28, 147 - 298." type="journal article" year="1986">
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Coffman
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0CD271368BFD951F" box="[701,755,359,382]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
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(1986
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 160
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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);
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADC10DDFFE3D27C0DEC71378D93951C" author="Cranston" box="[899,1181,358,382]" page="157" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1983">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4B3DFFE3D27C0DEC71378D66951C" author="Cranston" box="[899,1128,358,382]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Cranston, P. S., Oliver, D. R. & Saether, O. A. (1983) The larvae of Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region. Keys and diagnoses. In: Wiederholm, T. (Ed) Chironomidae of the Holarctic region. Keys and diagnoses. Part 1. Larvae. Entomologica scandinavica, Supplement, 19, 149 - 291." type="journal article" year="1983">
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Cranston
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0D8571368D2E951F" box="[1002,1056,359,382]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
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(1983
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 157
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
); Cranston
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0B787136885A95FF" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
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(1989: 176);
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADC10DDFFE3D27C0F8A71D78BA395FC" author="Saether" box="[485,685,390,413]" page="471" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1982">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4B3DFFE3D27C0F8A71D78B7695FC" author="Saether" box="[485,632,390,413]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Saether, O. A. (1982) Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) from SE U. S. A., with descriptions of Plhudsonia, Unniella and Platysmittia n. genera and Atelopodella n. subgen. Entomologica scandinavica, 13, 465 - 510." type="journal article" year="1982">Saether (1982</bibRefCitation>
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: 471
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</treatmentCitation>
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; 1984: 1).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3676547FFE3D27C0F67719E88969589" box="[264,408,463,488]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE3D27C0F67719E88969589" blockId="22.[264,1063,463,529]" box="[264,408,463,488]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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||
<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0F67719E88969589" box="[264,408,463,488]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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||
<typeStatus id="54C6886EFFE3D27C0F67719E88329589" box="[264,316,463,488]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3676547FFE3D27C0F5771A68B039719" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE3D27C0F5771A68D299670" blockId="22.[264,1063,463,529]" box="[312,1063,503,529]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0F5771A68A0A9670" ID-CoL="67JJF" authority="Saether, 1981" authorityName="Saether" authorityYear="1981" box="[312,772,503,529]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antecalvus">
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0F5771A68B6E9671" box="[312,608,503,528]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Antillocladius antecalvus</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4B3DFFE3D27C0C0771A68A0A9670" author="Saether" box="[616,772,503,529]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Saether, O. A. (1981) Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) from the British West Indies, with descriptions of Antillocladius n. gen., Lipurometriocnemus n. gen., Compterosmittia n. gen. and Diplosmittia n. gen. Entomologica scandinavica, Supplement, 16, 1 - 46." type="journal article" year="1981">Saether, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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, by original designation.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE3D27C0F6772168B1B9601" blockId="22.[264,1323,583,809]" box="[264,533,583,608]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0F6772168B1B9601" box="[264,533,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Other included species</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE3D27C0F57723E8C259748" blockId="22.[264,1323,583,809]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0F57723E8BE296E8" ID-CoL="5VJJL" authority="Saether, 1982" authorityName="Saether" authorityYear="1982" box="[312,748,623,649]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatus">
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0F57723E8B4696E9" box="[312,584,623,648]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Antillocladius arcuatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4B3DFFE3D27C0C20723E8BE296E8" author="Saether" box="[591,748,623,649]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Saether, O. A. (1982) Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) from SE U. S. A., with descriptions of Plhudsonia, Unniella and Platysmittia n. genera and Atelopodella n. subgen. Entomologica scandinavica, 13, 465 - 510." type="journal article" year="1982">Saether, 1982</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0C98723E8A5D96E9" ID-CoL="67JJK" box="[759,851,623,648]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biota" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0C98723E8A5D96E9" box="[759,851,623,648]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A. biota</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A57A5FFE3D27C0D35723E8AE496E8" box="[858,1002,623,649]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
;
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0D9A723E8DB296E9" ID-CoL="67JJJ" box="[1013,1212,623,648]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calakmulensis" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0D9A723E8DB296E9" box="[1013,1212,623,648]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A. calakmulensis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A57A5FFE3D27C0AAD723E883796D0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
;
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0F2972C688A696D1" ID-CoL="67JJP" box="[326,424,663,688]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="folius" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0F2972C688A696D1" box="[326,424,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A. folius</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A57A5FFE3D27C0FC072C68B4E96D0" box="[431,576,663,689]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
;
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0C2272C68BFC96D1" ID-CoL="67JJN" box="[589,754,663,688]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herradurus" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0C2272C68BFC96D1" box="[589,754,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A. herradurus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A57A5FFE3D27C0C9672C68A8496D0" box="[761,906,663,689]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
;
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0DF872C68AF296D1" ID-CoL="5VJJM" box="[919,1020,663,688]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="musci" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0DF872C68AF296D1" box="[919,1020,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A. musci</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A57A5FFE3D27C0A6B72C68D9B96D0" box="[1028,1173,663,689]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
;
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0ACE72C688D796B8" ID-CoL="5VJL6" authority="Saether, 1982" authorityName="Saether" authorityYear="1982" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pluspilalus">
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||
<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0ACE72C6882496B9" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A. pluspilalus</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4B3DFFE3D27C0F5872EE88D796B8" author="Saether" box="[311,473,703,729]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Saether, O. A. (1982) Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) from SE U. S. A., with descriptions of Plhudsonia, Unniella and Platysmittia n. genera and Atelopodella n. subgen. Entomologica scandinavica, 13, 465 - 510." type="journal article" year="1982">Saether, 1982</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0F8472EE8ADD96B8" ID-CoL="67JL6" authority="Wang and Saether, 1993" authorityName="Wang and Saether" authorityYear="1993" box="[491,979,703,729]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scalpellatus">
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||
<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0F8472EE8B9296B9" box="[491,668,703,728]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A. scalpellatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4B3DFFE3D27C0CC672EE8ADD96B8" author="Wang" box="[681,979,703,729]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Wang, X. & Saether, O. A. (1993) First Palaearctic and Oriental records of the orthoclad genus Antillocladius Saether (Diptera: Chironomidae). Entomologica scandinavica, 24, 227 - 230." type="journal article" year="1993">Wang and Saether, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0D8B72EE8B2D9760" ID-CoL="5VJKT" authority="Andersen and Contreras-Ramos, 1999" authorityName="Andersen and Contreras-Ramos" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="skartveiti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0D8B72EE8D7996B9" box="[996,1143,703,728]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A. skartveiti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4B3DFFE3D27C0AEC72EE8B2D9760" author="Andersen" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Andersen, T. & Contreras-Ramos, A. (1999) First record of Antillocladius Saether from Continental South America (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 45, 149 - 154." type="journal article" year="1999">Andersen and ContrerasRamos, 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0C5F72B68BC29761" ID-CoL="5VJL5" box="[560,716,743,768]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sooretama" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0C5F72B68BC29761" box="[560,716,743,768]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A. sooretama</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A57A5FFE3D27C0CBA72B68A699760" box="[725,871,743,769]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0D1B72B68AF89761" ID-CoL="67JKT" box="[884,1014,743,768]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ubatuba" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0D1B72B68AF89761" box="[884,1014,743,768]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A. ubatuba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A57A5FFE3D27C0D9072B68D9E9760" box="[1023,1168,743,769]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0AF272B688639749" ID-CoL="5VJKS" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venequatoriensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0AF272B688639749" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A. venequatoriensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A57A5FFE3D27C0F1B735E8B0A9748" box="[372,516,783,809]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0C7F735E8BC09749" ID-CoL="5VJL4" box="[528,718,783,808]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zempoalensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0C7F735E8BC09749" box="[528,718,783,808]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A. zempoalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A57A5FFE3D27C0CBB735E8A6F9748" box="[724,865,783,809]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0DF6735E8C299748" ID-CoL="67JKS" authority="Wang and Saether, 1993" authorityName="Wang and Saether" authorityYear="1993" box="[921,1319,783,809]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhengi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0DF6735E8D089749" box="[921,1030,783,808]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A. zhengi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC4B3DFFE3D27C0A62735E8C299748" author="Wang" box="[1037,1319,783,809]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Wang, X. & Saether, O. A. (1993) First Palaearctic and Oriental records of the orthoclad genus Antillocladius Saether (Diptera: Chironomidae). Entomologica scandinavica, 24, 227 - 230." type="journal article" year="1993">Wang and Saether, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE3D27C0F67730E8B039719" blockId="22.[264,1323,863,1289]" box="[264,525,863,888]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0F67730E8B039719" box="[264,525,863,888]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnostic characters</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3676547FFE3D27C0F5773D68B609168" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE3D27C0F5773D68B609168" blockId="22.[264,1323,863,1289]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
The imagines can be separated from other orthoclad genera by having scalpellate acrostichals at least in the middle of scutum combined with a moderately to extremely long anal point with lateral
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0C3773868B989790" box="[600,662,983,1009]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. (Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0D4773868AC29791" box="[808,972,983,1008]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pluspilalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0D4773868AC29791" box="[808,972,983,1008]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A. pluspilalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the original description is mentioned as apparently having nonscalpellate acrostichals, more recently found specimens show that scalpellate acrostichals are present.) All known females and several males have
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0F29741E888F9008" box="[326,385,1103,1129]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
apical on the wing membrane. The combination of absence of thoracic horn and presence of thornlike macrosetae will separate the pupae from other genera. The larva is distinguished by a palmate S I; pecten epipharyngis divided into about 8–15 teeth; anal segment protruding over posterior parapods; and anal
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0DFF74968AC59080" box="[912,971,1223,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
absent or perhaps reduced to single seta on minute tubercle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3676547FFE3D2720F67756E88AE917F" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE3D27C0F67756E88D19139" blockId="22.[264,1325,1343,1889]" box="[264,479,1343,1368]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0F67756E88D19139" box="[264,479,1343,1368]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Generic diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE3D27C0F577536888D91E1" blockId="22.[264,1325,1343,1889]" box="[312,387,1383,1408]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE3D27C0F577536888D91E1" box="[312,387,1383,1408]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Imago</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE3D27C0F5775DE8AD691C8" blockId="22.[264,1325,1343,1889]" box="[312,984,1423,1449]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Small to medium sized species, wing length
|
||
<quantity id="4C859B29FFE3D27C0D2C75DE8ADD91C8" box="[835,979,1423,1449]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5499999999999998" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="1.5499999999999998" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="0.8">0.8–2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE3D27C0F5775E688CC9240" blockId="22.[264,1325,1343,1889]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Female antenna with 5 flagellomeres. Male antenna with 13 flagellomeres, groove beginning at flagellomere 3, sensilla chaetica on flagellomeres 2, 3 and 13. Male antennal ratio 0.50–1.70.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE3D27C0F57767E8B1F92A0" blockId="22.[264,1325,1343,1889]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Head. Eye naked, with or without minute pubescence between ommatids, without dorsomedial extension. Temporal
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE3D27C0C0076068BA49210" box="[623,682,1623,1649]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
divided into weak inner verticals, stronger outer verticals, postorbitals absent or few. Third palpomere with about 3 sensilla clavata apically, longest 8–23 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE3D27C0F57769E8B979300" blockId="22.[264,1325,1343,1889]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Thorax. Antepronotum well developed, lobes meeting medially along short suture. Acrostichals, short, all scalpellate or anterior few simple, beginning close to antepronotum, some distance from antepronotum or in the middle of scutum; prealars uniserial; supraalar 0–1; scutellars uniserial.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE2D27D0F57714D8BFE9657" blockId="23.[264,1325,284,1888]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Wing. Anal lobe protruding to absent. Costal extension moderately to strongly developed (1/2 to 4 times the length of RM). R2+3 running and ending midway between R1 and R4+5; R4+5 ending opposite or slightly distal to M3+4; FCu far distal to RM; Cu1 straight to slightly sinuous; An ending proximal to FCu. Veins bare or with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE2D27D0D9571CD8D3B95D7" box="[1018,1077,412,438]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
on R, R1, R4+5, M1+2, M3+4, Cu, Cu1 and An. Membrane with apical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE2D27D0D5271968A769580" box="[829,888,455,481]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in female; male without
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE2D27D0AC471968DE79580" box="[1195,1257,455,481]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with few weak
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE2D27D0FED71A088B3966A" box="[386,445,497,523]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
apically in cell r4+5, or with numerous
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE2D27D0DE671A08ACA966A" box="[905,964,497,523]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
apically in cells r4+5, m1+2 and m3+4. Squama bare or with up to 15
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE2D27D0CC2724D8BE59657" box="[685,747,540,566]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE2D27D0F577217883296E9" blockId="23.[264,1325,284,1888]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Legs. Pseudospurs, sensilla chaetica and pulvilli lacking. Comb and tibial spurs normal.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE2D27D0F5772C78A8096D1" blockId="23.[264,1325,284,1888]" box="[312,910,662,688]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Abdomen. Tergites with irregularly arranged
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE2D27D0D2472C78A8796D1" box="[843,905,662,688]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE2D27D0F5772EF88D09079" blockId="23.[264,1325,284,1888]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Hypopygium. Anal point long, pointed, with strong lateral
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE2D27D0A6072EF8D4296B9" box="[1039,1100,702,728]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with microtrichia only at base or nearly to apex; apex never with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE2D27D0D4372B78A649761" box="[812,874,742,768]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Phallapodeme and aedeagal lobe well developed. Anterior margin of sternapodeme nearly straight to strongly arcuate, oral projections barely indicated to strongly developed.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE2D27D0D2073678A819731" box="[847,911,822,848]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Compterosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virga">Virga</taxonomicName>
|
||
absent or consisting of 2–6 long, strong spines. Inferior volsella highly variable; simple and rounded or triangular; with anterior dorsal triangular or digitiform part and a more rounded ventral, posterior part; posterior lobe low to prominent; consisting of a posteriomedially directed, apically simple or bifid lobe; or circular with or without additional rounded posterior extension and conspicuously set off.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE2D27D0F5774778C2B9021" blockId="23.[264,1325,284,1888]" box="[312,1317,1062,1088]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Gonostylus with or without heel; crista dorsalis absent to rounded and well developed.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE2D27D0F57741F8B049009" blockId="23.[264,1325,284,1888]" box="[312,522,1102,1128]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Megaseta normal.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE2D27D0F5774278B3D91E1" blockId="23.[264,1325,284,1888]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Female genitalia. Gonocoxapodemes curved and meeting anterior of vagina. Gonocoxite relatively well developed, with a few long
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE2D27D0D3874CF8A9C90D9" box="[855,914,1182,1208]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and additional short
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE2D27D0AE174CF8DC290D9" box="[1166,1228,1182,1208]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Tergite IX divided or undivided with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE2D27D0C0174978BA79081" box="[622,681,1222,1248]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
concentrated to lateral halves. Gonapophysis IX with large ventrolateral lobe covering apodeme lobe and apex of narrow, linelike dorsomesal lobe. Labia relatively large, pointed. Cerci small. Seminal capsules small to mediumsized, circular, with triangular neck. Spermathecal ducts with bends or loops, with weak bulbs before separate openings.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE2D27D0F5775DE887891C9" blockId="23.[264,1325,284,1888]" box="[312,374,1423,1448]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EADEFFE2D27D0F5775DE887891C9" box="[312,374,1423,1448]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE2D27D0F5775E78A8591B1" blockId="23.[264,1325,284,1888]" box="[312,907,1462,1488]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Small to medium sized, total length 2.0 to
|
||
<quantity id="4C859B29FFE2D27D0D4675E78A8991B1" box="[809,903,1462,1488]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE2D27D0F57758F88F492F9" blockId="23.[264,1325,284,1888]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Cephalothorax. Frontal
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFE2D27D0C22758F8B899199" box="[589,647,1502,1528]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
absent. Frontal apotome smooth. Antennal sheath with or without pearl row above pedicel. Ocular field with 2 reduced postorbitals. Thoracic horn absent. Three weak precorneals situated in row or narrow triangle. Apparently two median and 0–1 lateral antepronotals. Dorsocentrals very small, in two groups of two. Thorax and wing sheath smooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFE2D2720F5776F7884C95B7" blockId="23.[264,1325,284,1888]" lastBlockId="24.[264,1324,284,1310]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Abdomen. Tergite I without shagreen; tergites II–VIII covered with coarse, shagreen except along anterior margin; tergite IX with strong shagreen except along anterior and posterior margin. Sternites I and II bare; sternite III with median and lateral shagreen; sternites IV–VI with slightly more extensive median and lateral shagreen; sternites VII and VIII with extensive shagreen; sternite IX with anterolateral shagreen. Tergite II without posterior hooklets. Tergites II–VII or VIII with posterior row of weak spines. Conjunctives bare. Pedes spurii A and B absent. Apophyses weak, nearly straight. Segment II–VIII with 2 weak, hairlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFEDD2720F8D713D8B3095E7" box="[482,574,364,390]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">L setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Anal lobe with 3 thornlike macrosetae, sometimes laterally expanded; male genital sac overreaching anal lobe, female genital sac not reaching apex of lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFEDD2720F5771B58870959C" blockId="24.[264,1324,284,1310]" box="[312,382,484,509]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EADEFFEDD2720F5771B58870959C" box="[312,382,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Larva</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFEDD2720F57725D8A2D9647" blockId="24.[264,1324,284,1310]" box="[312,803,524,550]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Small to medium sized, 3.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4C859B29FFEDD2720CE7725D8BEF9647" box="[648,737,524,550]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="3.3">3.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFEDD2720F57726588D5904F" blockId="24.[264,1324,284,1310]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Head. Antenna 5segmented, less than half as long as mandible, last three segments short. Blade as long as or longer than flagellum, striated. Lauterborn organs absent, style large. S I nearly palmate with 5–6 teeth, one of them usually larger. Other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFEDD2720A1972D58DC796FF" box="[1142,1225,644,670]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">S setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
normal. No discernible labral lamellae. Pecten epipharyngis of 8–15 teeth (each of the normally scales divided into 2–5 teeth). Chaetulae laterales simple, 3 strong and sclerotised, 4–5 weak, pointed and unsclerotised. Chaetulae basales simple or bifid. Mandible with apical tooth shorter than the combined widths of 4 inner teeth, fourth tooth sometimes joined to mola. Seta subdentalis triangular. Seta interna slender, of 4–5 nearly smooth to strongly serrated branches. Mentum with large, irregular triangular, sometimes medially notched median tooth higher than 5 pairs of lateral tooth, fourth pair smaller than fifth and apparently occasionally completely reduced. Ventromental plates small, visible only below 3 outermost teeth, no beard. Maxilla without pecten galearis, lacinial chaeta reduced to rounded lamellae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFEDD2720F57746D88AE917F" blockId="24.[264,1324,284,1310]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Abdomen. Without distinct
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFEDD2720CE9746D8BCA9037" box="[646,708,1084,1110]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Anterior parapods fused for most of their lengths, with minute groups of minute claws and some longer mostly smooth claws. Procercus apparently absent, but a vestigial tubercle with one short seta may represent procercus at least in some species. Anal tubules shorter than half the length of posterior parapods (shape not clear in any available material). Posterior parapods well developed, with strong apical claws.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |