180 lines
20 KiB
XML
180 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="B42269CB523BA3F53552CCD8ABAC178E" ID-CLB-Dataset="38786" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.158827" ID-GBIF-Dataset="811e894b-7f30-43b6-ae1b-8ccfb1aa19a7" ID-ISSN="1-877354-49-X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="158827" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1466334950002" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Humberto F. Mendes, Trond Andersen & Ole A. Saether" docDate="2004" docId="03D487DAFFB2D2230F6776C688E997BF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00594.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 594" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Litocladius Mendes, Andersen & Saether, 2004, new genus" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="74" masterDocId="FFEDFFA2FFF5D26A0E6F7051890E9461" masterDocTitle="A review of Antillocladius Saether, 1981; Compterosmittia Saether, 1981 and Litocladius new genus (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="82" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="72" updateTime="1698663048757" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="637CE001388BC7D58994ECA37D61DB23" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A420EDD9C74B81F0219480FED767C384">
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<mods:title id="DE41A9693A99B49B39EC9F95F000164C">A review of Antillocladius Saether, 1981; Compterosmittia Saether, 1981 and Litocladius new genus (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="CB4E095D09A41DC8DC9AA98E4F64C326">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="35F217664C5F913FB4F231AC762908BD">Humberto F. Mendes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="50E8F411833A505887131A296FE7660A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E899B3FAC03692CEC97E7086F59C9FFD">Trond Andersen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="DDEE5C3E8D311F2D166F88E50CF24C82">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6F3C2D3C4A1319EFC005EDF78A474921">Ole A. Saether</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F3DEAC816B1882BA558016582383D813">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="F8BD0D173FA894BD0D51ABEF313B0E04">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="91BF54DBD35948A9F21003EDCEE1236E">
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<mods:date id="B00491FED6ED4FC28EC84A5E9522797D">2004</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="69207B8F7180A212DC01F074AB7FE188" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="11423D7066DB04B4C68680BFC4C94850">594</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="469E4547894265A5E22FC4570D9B4596">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="03D487DAFFB2D2230F6776C688E997BF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3507558" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120828994" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3507558" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D487DAFFB2D2230F6776C688E997BF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D487DAFFB2D2230F6776C688E997BF" lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<subSubSection id="C3676547FFB2D22D0F6776C68B1992D0" box="[264,535,1687,1713]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFB2D22D0F6776C68B1992D0" blockId="71.[264,535,1687,1713]" box="[264,535,1687,1713]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<heading id="D08A81A0FFB2D22D0F6776C68B1992D0" bold="true" box="[264,535,1687,1713]" fontSize="11" level="5" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFB2D22D0F6776C68B1992D0" bold="true" box="[264,535,1687,1713]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFB2D22D0F6776C6888192D0" ID-CoL="5FQT" box="[264,399,1687,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFB2D22D0F6776C6888192D0" bold="true" box="[264,399,1687,1713]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Litocladius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A57A5FFB2D22D0FF876C68B1992D0" box="[407,535,1687,1713]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3676547FFB2D22D0F6776B38BB79345" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFB2D22D0F6776B38896929A" blockId="71.[264,697,1762,1828]" box="[264,408,1762,1787]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFB2D22D0F6776B38896929A" box="[264,408,1762,1787]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<typeStatus id="54C6886EFFB2D22D0F6776B38832929A" box="[264,316,1762,1787]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFB2D22D0F57775B8BB79345" blockId="71.[264,697,1762,1828]" box="[312,697,1802,1828]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFB2D22D0F57775B8B109342" box="[312,542,1802,1827]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mateusi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFB2D22D0F57775B8B109342" box="[312,542,1802,1827]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Litocladius mateusi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A57A5FFB2D22D0C4A775B8BBB9345" box="[549,693,1802,1828]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3676547FFBDD2220F67714D8A3E9647" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBDD2220F67714D8B039554" blockId="72.[264,1321,284,550]" box="[264,525,284,309]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFBDD2220F67714D8B039554" box="[264,525,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Diagnostic characters</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBDD2220F5771158A3E9647" blockId="72.[264,1321,284,550]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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The imagines can be separated from other orthoclad genera by having scalpellate acrostichals, long
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFBDD2220FB1713D8B1795E7" box="[478,537,364,390]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Compterosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virga">virga</taxonomicName>
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with lateral lamellae, short costal extension,
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFBDD2220A5C713D8D6395E7" box="[1075,1133,364,390]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
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on squama and long anal point with lateral
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFBDD2220C3871C58B9B95CF" box="[599,661,404,430]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
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. The male may have a few
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFBDD2220D8871C58D2F95CF" box="[999,1057,404,430]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
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apically on the wing, while the female has numerous
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFBDD2220CEB71ED8BB095B7" box="[644,702,444,470]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
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on the wing membrane. The pupa can be separated from that of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFBDD2220FF171B58A39959F" authority="Goetghebuer" authorityName="Goetghebuer" box="[414,823,484,510]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Gymnometriocnemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFBDD2220FF171B58B99959C" box="[414,663,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Gymnometriocnemus</emphasis>
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Goetghebuer
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</taxonomicName>
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by lacking frontal
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFBDD2220A7671B58D5D959F" box="[1049,1107,484,510]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
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and by having all thoracic
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFBDD2220F02725D88A99647" box="[365,423,524,550]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
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reduced. The larva is not known.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3676547FFBDD2220F67720D8DA296A7" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBDD2220F67720D888B9614" blockId="72.[264,1323,604,710]" box="[264,389,604,629]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFBDD2220F67720D888B9614" box="[264,389,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Etymology</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBDD2220F5772D58DA296A7" blockId="72.[264,1323,604,710]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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From Greek,
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFBDD2220FB772D58B1C96FC" box="[472,530,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">litos,</emphasis>
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meaning plain, simple, referring both to the reduced pupa and the “normal “ inferior volsella; and
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFBDD2220C1072FD8BFC96A4" box="[639,754,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">– cladius,</emphasis>
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a common ending among orthoclads.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3676547FFBDD2230F6772AD88E997BF" lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBDD2220F6772AD88D19774" blockId="72.[264,1325,764,1883]" box="[264,479,764,789]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFBDD2220F6772AD88D19774" box="[264,479,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Generic diagnosis</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBDD2220F577375888D975C" blockId="72.[264,1325,764,1883]" box="[312,387,804,829]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis id="B909EADEFFBDD2220F577375888D975C" box="[312,387,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Imago</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBDD2220F57731D8AE39707" blockId="72.[264,1325,764,1883]" box="[312,1005,844,870]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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Small to medium sized species, wing length about
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<quantity id="4C859B29FFBDD2220DE3731D8AE49707" box="[908,1002,844,870]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBDD2220F57732588B797BF" blockId="72.[264,1325,764,1883]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Female antenna with 5 flagellomeres. Male antenna with 13 flagellomeres, groove beginning at flagellomere 3, sensilla chaetica on flagellomeres 2, 3 and 13. Male antennal ratio about 1.5.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBDD2220F5773BD8AB19037" blockId="72.[264,1325,764,1883]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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Head. Eye naked, without dorsomedial extension. Temporal
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFBDD2220A7F73BD8D459067" box="[1040,1099,1004,1030]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
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divided into weak inner verticals, stronger outer verticals, postorbitals absent or few. Third palpomere with about 3 sensilla clavata apically, longest about 20 µm long.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBDD2220F5774358D2D90AF" blockId="72.[264,1325,764,1883]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Thorax. Antepronotum well developed, lobes meeting medially along short suture. Acrostichals short, anterior few simple, posterior scalpellate, beginning close to antepronotum, prealars uniserial; supraalar 0–1; scutellars uniserial.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBDD2220F57748D8C139118" blockId="72.[264,1325,764,1883]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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Wing. Anal lobe developed. Costa at most moderately extended. R2+3 running and ending midway between R1 and R4+5; R4+5 ending slightly distal to M3+4; FCu far distal to RM; Cu1 straight; An ending proximal to FCu. Veins bare in male. Membrane with apical
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFBDD2220F67750E884D9118" box="[264,323,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
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in female; male with or without few weak
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFBDD2220D53750E8A799118" box="[828,887,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
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apically in cell r4+5, Squama setose.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBDD2220F5775D8883291AA" blockId="72.[264,1325,764,1883]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Legs. Pseudospurs, sensilla chaetica and pulvilli lacking. Comb and tibial spurs normal.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBDD2220F5775888A809192" blockId="72.[264,1325,764,1883]" box="[312,910,1497,1523]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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Abdomen. Tergites with irregularly arranged
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFBDD2220D2475888A879192" box="[843,905,1497,1523]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBDD2220F5776508BC292DA" blockId="72.[264,1325,764,1883]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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Hypopygium. Anal point long, pointed, with few lateral
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFBDD2220D8376508D24927A" box="[1004,1066,1537,1563]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
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, without microtrichia near apex. Phallapodeme and aedeagal lobe well developed. Anterior margin of sternapodeme weakly arcuate, oral projections moderately developed.
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFBDD2220D8376008D23920A" box="[1004,1069,1617,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Compterosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virga">Virga</taxonomicName>
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consisting of 2 long, strong spines with lateral lamellae. Inferior volsella with anterior dorsal triangular part and a more rounded ventral, posterior part.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBDD2220F5776988832936A" blockId="72.[264,1325,764,1883]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Gonostylus without heel; crista dorsalis rounded and well developed. Megaseta normal.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBDD2230F5777488B1A95CF" blockId="72.[264,1325,764,1883]" lastBlockId="73.[264,1325,284,990]" lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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Female genitalia. Gonocoxapodemes curved and meeting anterior of vagina. Gonocoxite well developed, with a few long and some short
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFBDD2220DFE77108AC1933A" box="[913,975,1857,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
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. Tergite IX divided. Gonapophysis IX apparently with large ventrolateral lobe covering apodeme lobe, and narrow, linelike dorsomesal lobe. Labia relatively large, pointed. Cerci small. Seminal capsules small to mediumsized, circular, with triangular neck. Spermathecal ducts not observable on available specimen.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBCD2230F5771ED887895B4" blockId="73.[264,1325,284,990]" box="[312,374,444,469]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EADEFFBCD2230F5771ED887895B4" box="[312,374,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBCD2230F5771B58B76959F" blockId="73.[264,1325,284,990]" box="[312,632,484,510]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
Small, total length
|
||
<quantity id="4C859B29FFBCD2230C7871B58B7A959F" box="[535,628,484,510]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBCD2230F57725D8AD496FF" blockId="73.[264,1325,284,990]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
Cephalothorax. Frontal
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFBCD2230C3A725D8B9E9647" box="[597,656,524,550]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
absent. Frontal apotome smooth. Antennal sheath with basal pearl row. Ocular field with 2 reduced postorbitals. Thoracic horn absent. Three weak precorneals situated in narrow triangle. Two weak antepronotals. Dorsocentrals very small, in two groups of two. Thorax and wing sheath smooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236CCFFBCD2230F5772FD88E997BF" blockId="73.[264,1325,284,990]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
Abdomen. Tergite I–VIII covered with coarse shagreen except along anterior margin; tergite IX with strong shagreen except along posterior margin. Sternites I–IV bare; sternite V with median shagreen; sternites VI–VII with slightly more extensive median and lateral shagreen; sternite VIII with extensive shagreen; sternite IX with anterolateral shagreen. Tergite II without posterior hooklets. Tergites without posterior row of weak spines. Conjunctives bare. Pedes spurii A and B absent. Apophyses weak, nearly straight. Segment II –VIII with 2 weak, hairlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D4FFFBCD2230C3773CD8BA197D7" box="[600,687,924,950]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Litocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">L setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Anal lobe without macrosetae; male genital sac overreaching anal lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |