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<document id="A9A243B8EFEF98F84B0AE3C2FF303762" ID-CLB-Dataset="7615" ID-DOI="10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.special-issue.13" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e659d28f-8399-4c1b-9830-d72ff6a5a024" ID-ISSN="1807-0205" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4637571" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1616692799584" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Sousa, Rafael Clayton de Jesus e &amp; Fuhrmann, Juares" docDate="2020" docId="03D48798FFC7FF85FF0230BB4FA10589" docLanguage="en" docName="PapAvZool.60.special-issue.e202060.13.pdf" docOrigin="Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 60 (13)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.special-issue.13" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6844D5473582683DD13A9A75B001759F.4:PapAvZool.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="6844D5473582683DD13A9A75B001759F" docStyleName="PapAvZool.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Orphninae Erichson 1847" docType="key" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="FFEDFFE0FFCAFF88FF8A31414D6F003A" masterDocTitle="Morphology of immature stages of Paraegidium costalimai (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Orphninae) and remarks on egg-busters in Scarabaeidae first-instar larvae" masterLastPageNumber="16" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1698935024583" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-NC-4.0">
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<mods:title id="E9FB053D82B2733CF6457C2841755704">Morphology of immature stages of Paraegidium costalimai (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Orphninae) and remarks on egg-busters in Scarabaeidae first-instar larvae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="76C8B29F01557D22F291650487AEAE3B">Sousa, Rafael Clayton de Jesus e</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03D48798FFC7FF85FF0230BB4FA10589" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4637507" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180680920" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4637507" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D48798FFC7FF85FF0230BB4FA10589" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D48798FFC7FF85FF0230BB4FA10589" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FF0230BB4FCA0229" bold="true" box="[136,677,506,531]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Key to third instar of
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D0DFFC7FF85FEF530BB4C900229" ID-CoL="8RYRW" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1847" box="[383,511,506,531]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Orphninae">Orphninae</taxonomicName>
known larvae
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FFD4337B4FA102A9" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="308C95BBFFC7FF85FFD4337B4FA102A9" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
1 Epipharynx without plegmatia and corypha not prominent; lacinia with 1 or 2 unci (never with 3 tips); posterior area of ligula with thin setae; anal slit sinuate (
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D0DFFC7FF85FEAA333B4C0302A9" ID-CoL="8SGT3" authorityName="Paulian" authorityYear="1984" box="[288,364,634,659]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Aegidiini">Aegidiini</taxonomicName>
) ................................................................2
</keyLead>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC2368EFFC7FF85FFD433DB4FA10329" blockId="13.[94,719,570,1459]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FFD433DB4FA10329" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="308C95BBFFC7FF85FFD433DB4FA10329" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Epipharynx with plegmatia and corypha anteriorly prominent; lacinia with 3 unci (or 1 tridentate uncus); posterior area of ligula with stout setae, these setae are distinctly wider than anterior setae; anal slit Y-shaped (
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D0DFFC7FF85FF6633BB4C580329" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1847" box="[236,311,762,787]" class="Insecta" family="Orphnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Orphnini">Orphnini</taxonomicName>
)...........................................................................3
</keyLead>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30892E2BFFC7FF85FFD4325B4FA103C9" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<paragraph id="8BC2368EFFC7FF85FFD4325B4FA10349" blockId="13.[94,719,570,1459]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FFD4325B4FA10349" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="308C95BBFFC7FF85FFD4325B4FA10349" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
2 Lacinia with 1 uncus; abdominal spiracles decreasing progressively in diameter posteriorly; metapretarsus with rounded and reduced apex (
<collectingCountry id="F36A761EFFC7FF85FF16321B4DB60349" box="[156,217,858,883]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Mexico</collectingCountry>
).............................................
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D0DFFC7FF85FE46321B4FA10349" authority="Bates, 1887" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1887" box="[460,718,858,883]" class="Insecta" family="Hybosoridae" genus="Aegidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cribratum">
<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FE46321B4F040349" bold="true" box="[460,619,858,883]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Aegidium cribratum</emphasis>
Bates,1887
</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC2368EFFC7FF85FFD4323B4FA103C9" blockId="13.[94,719,570,1459]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FFD4323B4FA103C9" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="308C95BBFFC7FF85FFD4323B4FA103C9" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Lacinia with 2 unci (
<figureCitation id="13462A0BFFC7FF85FEB2323B4C1203A9" box="[312,381,890,915]" captionStart="Figures31-33" captionStartId="7.[94,160,1481,1506]" captionTargetBox="[259,1251,206,1449]" captionTargetId="figure-197@7.[255,1257,204,1451]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures31-33.ParaegidiumcostalimaiVulcano,Pereira&amp;Martinez,1966.Third-instarlarva:(31)Leftmaxilla,inner(cardoomitted);(32)Maxilla,hypopharynxandligula," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4637595" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4637595/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 31</figureCitation>
-35); abdominal spiracles I-IV distinctly larger than V-VIII (
<figureCitation id="13462A0BFFC7FF85FEB932DB4CFB0389" box="[307,404,922,947]" captionStart="Figures36-52" captionStartId="8.[170,238,2042,2067]" captionTargetBox="[174,1493,616,2006]" captionTargetId="figure-276@8.[170,1493,614,2012]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures36-52.ParaegidiumcostalimaiVulcano,Pereira&amp;Martinez,1966.Third-instarlarva:(36-38) Left legsand pleurites(anterior,medial,posterior);(39-41) Left pro-, meso-,and metapretarsus,dorsal;(42) detail of dorsal arm of abdominal spiracle I; (43) Abdominal spiracle V;(44) Mesothoracicspiracle;(45-52) abdominal spiracle I-VIII.Scales:Figs.36-38 = 0.5 mm,Figs.39-52 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4637597" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4637597/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 45-52</figureCitation>
); metapretarsus with well-developed and acuminated apex (
<figureCitation id="13462A0BFFC7FF85FEDA32FB4CC103E9" box="[336,430,954,979]" captionStart="Figures36-52" captionStartId="8.[170,238,2042,2067]" captionTargetBox="[174,1493,616,2006]" captionTargetId="figure-276@8.[170,1493,614,2012]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures36-52.ParaegidiumcostalimaiVulcano,Pereira&amp;Martinez,1966.Third-instarlarva:(36-38) Left legsand pleurites(anterior,medial,posterior);(39-41) Left pro-, meso-,and metapretarsus,dorsal;(42) detail of dorsal arm of abdominal spiracle I; (43) Abdominal spiracle V;(44) Mesothoracicspiracle;(45-52) abdominal spiracle I-VIII.Scales:Figs.36-38 = 0.5 mm,Figs.39-52 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4637597" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4637597/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs.38, 41</figureCitation>
) (
<collectingCountry id="F36A761EFFC7FF85FE3732FB4C8103E9" box="[445,494,954,979]" name="Brazil" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Brazil</collectingCountry>
) ......................................... ..........................................
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D0DFFC7FF85FEF8329B4FA103C9" authority="Vulcano et al., 1966" authorityName="Vulcano" authorityYear="1966" box="[370,718,986,1011]" class="Insecta" family="Hybosoridae" genus="Paraegidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costalimai">
<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FEF8329B4F4303C9" bold="true" box="[370,556,986,1011]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Paraegidium costalimai</emphasis>
Vulcano
<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FDFF329B4FCE03C9" bold="true" box="[629,673,986,1011]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.,</emphasis>
1966
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<keyStep id="30892E2BFFC7FF85FFD432BB4FA10449" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<paragraph id="8BC2368EFFC7FF85FFD432BB4FA10409" blockId="13.[94,719,570,1459]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FFD432BB4FA10409" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="308C95BBFFC7FF85FFD432BB4FA10409" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">3 Surface of labrum without transverse carinae;stridulatory area of stipes with 14-15 acute teeth ......................................................................4</keyLead>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC2368EFFC7FF85FFD4357B4FA10449" blockId="13.[94,719,570,1459]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FFD4357B4FA10449" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="308C95BBFFC7FF85FFD4357B4FA10449" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Surface of labrum with two transverse carinae;stridulatory area of stipes with 20 acute teeth
<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FEB0351B4CE70449" bold="true" box="[314,392,1114,1139]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
(
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D0DFFC7FF85FECB351B4CED0449" authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1833" box="[321,386,1114,1139]" class="Insecta" family="Orphnidae" genus="Hybalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hybalus</taxonomicName>
)
</emphasis>
............................................................ 5
</keyLead>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30892E2BFFC7FF85FFD4353B4FA104C9" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<paragraph id="8BC2368EFFC7FF85FFD4353B4FA10489" blockId="13.[94,719,570,1459]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FFD4353B4FA10489" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="308C95BBFFC7FF85FFD4353B4FA10489" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
4 Surface of labrum not trilobate and with small tubercles irregularly distributed (
<collectingCountry id="F36A761EFFC7FF85FF7035DB4C4E0489" box="[250,289,1178,1203]" name="Italy" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Italy</collectingCountry>
)...............
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D0DFFC7FF85FEFD35DB4FA10489" authority="Mariani, 1946" authorityName="Mariani" authorityYear="1946" box="[375,718,1178,1203]" class="Insecta" family="Orphnidae" genus="Chaetonyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="robustus" subSpecies="liguricus">
<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FEFD35DB4F360489" bold="true" box="[375,601,1178,1203]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Chaetonyx robustus liguricus</emphasis>
Mariani,1946
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC2368EFFC7FF85FFD435FB4FA104C9" blockId="13.[94,719,570,1459]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FFD435FB4FA104C9" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="308C95BBFFC7FF85FFD435FB4FA104C9" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Surface of labrum trilobate and without irregular distributed tubercles (
<collectingCountry id="F36A761EFFC7FF85FF16359B4C6C04C9" box="[156,259,1242,1267]" name="Madagascar" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
).................................
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D0DFFC7FF85FE3C359B4FA104C9" authority="(Guerin, 1844)" baseAuthorityName="Guerin" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[438,718,1242,1267]" class="Insecta" family="Orphnidae" genus="Triodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidulus">
<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FE3C359B4F3B04C9" bold="true" box="[438,596,1242,1267]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Triodontus nitidulus</emphasis>
(Guérin,1844)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30892E2BFFC7FF85FFD435BB4FA10589" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<paragraph id="8BC2368EFFC7FF85FFD435BB4FA10569" blockId="13.[94,719,570,1459]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FFD435BB4FA10569" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="308C95BBFFC7FF85FFD435BB4FA10569" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
5 Clypeus with two externoclypeal setae; apex of galea with 2-3 setae distinctly larger than outer setae;hypopharyngeal sclerome tridentate (
<collectingCountry id="F36A761EFFC7FF85FF16347B4DAC0569" box="[156,195,1338,1363]" name="Italy" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Italy</collectingCountry>
).............................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D0DFFC7FF85FD80347B4FA10569" authority="Tournier, 1864" authorityName="Tournier" authorityYear="1864" box="[522,718,1338,1363]" class="Insecta" family="Orphnidae" genus="Hybalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benoiti">
<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FD80347B4F380569" bold="true" box="[522,599,1338,1363]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H.benoiti</emphasis>
Tournier,1864
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC2368EFFC7FF85FFD4341B4FA10589" blockId="13.[94,719,570,1459]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FFD4341B4FA10589" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="308C95BBFFC7FF85FFD4341B4FA10589" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Clypeus with one externoclypeal seta;apex of galea with similar shaped setae;hypopharyngeal sclerome bidentate (
<collectingCountry id="F36A761EFFC7FF85FE76343B4F2A05A9" box="[508,581,1402,1427]" name="Morocco" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Morocco</collectingCountry>
)......................... ....................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D0DFFC7FF85FE7034DB4FA10589" authority="Petrovitz, 1964" authorityName="Petrovitz" authorityYear="1964" box="[506,718,1434,1459]" class="Insecta" family="Orphnidae" genus="Hybalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotrouni">
<emphasis id="B909EA9CFFC7FF85FE7034DB4F3F0589" bold="true" box="[506,592,1434,1459]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. rotrouni</emphasis>
Petrovitz,1964
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
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