496 lines
66 KiB
XML
496 lines
66 KiB
XML
<document id="F4D25405C4DE67EB24F15F14AA76C094" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3955.3.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="96f506a8-3ee0-43c1-8a51-132f472e7f8a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="239010" ID-ZooBank="055C37C7-7DBD-4239-A22F-64488D47D8C9" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461051573988" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bartels, Paul J., Fontoura, Paulo & Nelson, Diane R." docDate="2015" docId="03BF8F73FF93EA58FF28FF64FD1C7C80" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03955p402.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3955 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Styraconyx turbinarium Bartels, Fontoura & Nelson, 2015, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="398" masterDocId="FF86F70BFF95EA51FFBFFFF3FFC87D4F" masterDocTitle="New records of marine tardigrades from Moorea, French Polynesia, with the description of Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. (Arthrotardigrada, Halechiniscidae)" masterLastPageNumber="402" masterPageNumber="389" pageNumber="395" updateTime="1698579023910" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="BEBADA5479AA2E23D1CB7B7B14261629" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E28BD98822EE6EDF408CBAC1B9F7B773">
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<mods:title id="AB430B0E80601415670D737690557A47">New records of marine tardigrades from Moorea, French Polynesia, with the description of Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. (Arthrotardigrada, Halechiniscidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="B5A17629BCE35A9395B57A1BD5D8C25A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C3ADCC9A5DE7CF9CE84E330614A496B8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D9092F9E931882C2E3BBB49FBB21C094">Bartels, Paul J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="6F21CD698EC9535EF80B88398A8FB814">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="739A3E6E97E594BB4499D1EE5ED3259A">Fontoura, Paulo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="D2C6213E4433AA41E60FD802F4ED238C" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="08955137819D6B3A1DE48950154F0721">
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<mods:roleTerm id="DD8CBC9B064D4696D77B6DEBA3D15ED0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="AC5B64D99C4177E4BB04CFF51E3D8F1E">Nelson, Diane R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="692E58AE3902215490033A445F462103">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="BF057324A49A0068C8A243FBEE0DCDFB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="152DA9D61BF192ED44AEA2DB23E39EFB">
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<mods:date id="6084143E5CC876CF786C17C704A3031F">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="4BFDBE9C21F100A013A0384E74247A57" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="350DCCA776CB7AAE0F70E43ECCE65D3D">3955</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="0DC7F1334B62E75E4195458D6B9030D3" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="10A4492326425C5614DF74951EFE99D1">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="4DABAE1456464E1FFB2CBD81F0F1D313">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="AA1790BBAA0335DCDDDAC6D247117D2A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3955.3.6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E56EACDD7BC7449691CFA7840DC7E578" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03BF8F73FF93EA58FF28FF64FD1C7C80" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5678912" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119612210" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5678912" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF8F73FF93EA58FF28FF64FD1C7C80" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BF8F73FF93EA58FF28FF64FD1C7C80" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="398" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">
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<subSubSection id="C30C6DEEFF93EA57FF28FF64FE307D9C" pageId="6" pageNumber="395" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF93EA57FF28FF64FDD57DFD" blockId="6.[151,541,151,211]" box="[151,541,151,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">
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<heading id="D0E18909FF93EA57FF28FF64FDD57DFD" bold="true" box="[151,541,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="395" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FF28FF64FDD57DFD" bold="true" box="[151,541,151,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF93EA57FF28FF64FE717DFE" box="[151,441,151,177]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="6" pageNumber="395" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="turbinarium" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FF28FF64FE717DFE" bold="true" box="[151,441,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Styraconyx turbinarium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2515F0CFF93EA57FE00FF6BFDD57DFD" box="[447,541,152,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF93EA57FF28FF49FE307D9C" blockId="6.[151,541,151,211]" box="[151,504,186,211]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">
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<figureCitation id="132D22E0FF93EA57FF28FF49FF297D9C" box="[151,225,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1342,1364]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. Holotype. A. Habitus. Scale bar = 50 µm. B. Cuticular punctations. Scale bar = 25 µm. C. Detail of the primary clava (arrow 1) and lateral cirrus A (arrow 2). The segmented internal cephalic cirrus is also visible (arrow 3). Scale bar = 10 µm. D. Leg IV showing claws and peduncles (arrow). Scale bar = 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239013/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
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A–D;
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<figureCitation id="132D22E0FF93EA57FE97FF49FEA27D9C" box="[296,362,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1123,1145]" captionTargetBox="[394,1207,274,1032]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[329,1258,193,1101]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Drawings of Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. A. Foot. B. Sense organ leg I. C. Sense organ leg II. D. Sense organ leg III. E. Sense organ leg IV. F. Internal cephalic cirrus. G. External cephalic cirrus. H. Median cirrus. I. Lateral cirrus A and primary clava. J. Cirrus E. Scale bar = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239014/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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A–J;
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<tableCitation id="C6940BDEFF93EA57FE19FF49FE307D9C" box="[422,504,186,211]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[125,212,646,668]" captionTargetBox="[125,1789,802,1363]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (in μm) οf sοme structures οf specimens οf Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. and S. kristenseni kristenseni examined in this study and hοlοtypes measurements in οriginal descriptiοns) οf S. tyrrhenus (D'Addabbο Gallο et al., 1989), S. craticulus (Pοllοck, 1983) and S. kristenseni (Renaud-Mοrnant, 1981)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF696EEDFF90EA54FFC2FD75F93B7FF4" pageId="6" pageNumber="395" tableUuid="DF696EEDFF90EA54FFC2FD75F93B7FF4">Table 1</tableCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C6DEEFF93EA58FF28FEF1FAF07CC7" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="398" pageId="6" pageNumber="395" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF93EA57FF28FEF1FCA87C70" blockId="6.[151,1437,258,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">
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<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FF28FEF1FE4D7C54" bold="true" box="[151,389,258,283]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54AD80C7FF93EA57FE2FFEF1FE307C54" box="[400,504,258,283]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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(female) and two
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<typeStatus id="54AD80C7FF93EA57FD69FEF0FC897C54" box="[726,833,259,283]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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(one female and one male) extracted from drifting
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<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF93EA57FF28FED5FEAA7C71" box="[151,354,294,319]" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="6" pageNumber="395" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ornata">
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<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FF28FED5FEAA7C71" box="[151,354,294,319]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Turbinaria ornata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in Opunohu Bay (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2258A2FF93EA57FD8DFED4FD677C70" box="[562,687,294,319]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="395" precision="92" value="-17.508333">17° 30.5' S</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2258A2FF93EA57FD03FED4FC9B7C70" box="[700,851,294,319]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="395" precision="92" value="-149.85333">149° 51.2' W</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF93EA57FF78FEB9FD8A7CE4" blockId="6.[151,1437,258,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">
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<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FF78FEB9FE437C2C" bold="true" box="[199,395,330,355]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">
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<typeStatus id="54AD80C7FF93EA57FF78FEB9FECA7C2C" box="[199,258,330,355]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Type</typeStatus>
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repository.
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</emphasis>
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The
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<typeStatus id="54AD80C7FF93EA57FE74FEB9FDE57C2C" box="[459,557,330,355]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(slide FP, 14.9.1) and the two
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<typeStatus id="54AD80C7FF93EA57FC25FEB8FBCD7C2C" box="[922,1029,331,355]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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(slides FP, 14.9.2 and 14.9.3*) are deposited in the collection of P. Fontoura at the Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto,
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<collectingCountry id="F3017EF5FF93EA57FF28FE61FF327CE4" box="[151,250,402,427]" name="Portugal" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Portugal</collectingCountry>
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. [* this is a poor preparation]
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF93EA57FF78FE45FA5A7FCC" blockId="6.[151,1437,258,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">
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<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FF78FE45FE6B7C80" bold="true" box="[199,419,438,463]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Specific diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF93EA57FE12FE44FDE17C81" box="[429,553,439,462]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="6" pageNumber="395" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FE12FE44FDE17C81" box="[429,553,439,462]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Styraconyx</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with subterminal mouth cone, eyespots not visible in specimens mounted in PVA. Elongate primary clavae and lateral cirri
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<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FD02FE28FD067CBD" box="[701,718,475,498]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">A</emphasis>
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situated on a common pedestal and enveloped by a common membrane extending almost to claval tip. Indistinct secondary clavae. Peduncles present on all digits: external, sinuous with two small lateral expansions; internal, rod-shaped. Internal digits with heart-shaped proximal pads. Three pointed claws, with strong basal hook and thin accessory spine. Sense organs present on all legs, spines on legs I–III and club-shaped papilla with terminal spine on leg IV. Cuticle coarsely punctated but otherwise smooth.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF93EA57FF78FD7DFCCE798C" blockId="6.[151,1437,258,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">
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<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FF78FD7DFE027FE8" bold="true" box="[199,458,654,679]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">
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<typeStatus id="54AD80C7FF93EA57FF78FD7DFEFC7FE8" box="[199,308,654,679]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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description.
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</emphasis>
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Female with slight green colour before mounting, 164 µm long and 78 µm wide (in lateral view) between leg pairs II and III (
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<figureCitation id="132D22E0FF93EA57FDCAFD41FD717F84" box="[629,697,690,715]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1342,1364]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. Holotype. A. Habitus. Scale bar = 50 µm. B. Cuticular punctations. Scale bar = 25 µm. C. Detail of the primary clava (arrow 1) and lateral cirrus A (arrow 2). The segmented internal cephalic cirrus is also visible (arrow 3). Scale bar = 10 µm. D. Leg IV showing claws and peduncles (arrow). Scale bar = 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239013/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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A). Eye spots not visible in our specimens mounted in PVA. The cuticle coarsely punctated (
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<figureCitation id="132D22E0FF93EA57FE75FD25FDC47FA0" box="[458,524,726,751]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1342,1364]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. Holotype. A. Habitus. Scale bar = 50 µm. B. Cuticular punctations. Scale bar = 25 µm. C. Detail of the primary clava (arrow 1) and lateral cirrus A (arrow 2). The segmented internal cephalic cirrus is also visible (arrow 3). Scale bar = 10 µm. D. Leg IV showing claws and peduncles (arrow). Scale bar = 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239013/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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B), consisting of small pillars (
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<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FCD7FD24FC4B7FA1" box="[872,899,727,750]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">ca</emphasis>
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. 20 pillars/10 µm). The punctation also extends to the ventral cuticle and proximal part of the legs. The dorsal cuticle smooth, without any ridges, folds or other ornamental patterns. Subterminal protruded mouth opening, formed of dome-shaped cuticular annular fold without buccal papillae. Complete set of cephalic sense organs, present. Primary clava elongate (14.4 µm long and 2.2 µm wide); lateral cirrus
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<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FE33FC94FE557E31" box="[396,413,871,894]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">A</emphasis>
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(27.8 µm); both arise from common dorso-lateral pedestal (about 3.5 µm); both are enveloped by transparent membranous sheath extending almost to the claval tip (
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<figureCitation id="132D22E0FF93EA57FB90FC79FBBA7EEC" box="[1071,1138,906,931]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1342,1364]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. Holotype. A. Habitus. Scale bar = 50 µm. B. Cuticular punctations. Scale bar = 25 µm. C. Detail of the primary clava (arrow 1) and lateral cirrus A (arrow 2). The segmented internal cephalic cirrus is also visible (arrow 3). Scale bar = 10 µm. D. Leg IV showing claws and peduncles (arrow). Scale bar = 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239013/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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C;
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<date id="FFA818A5FF93EA57FB2AFC78FB677EEC" box="[1173,1199,907,931]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">4I</date>
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). The primary clava/ lateral cirrus
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<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FE8CFC5CFE8C7E89" box="[307,324,943,966]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">A</emphasis>
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ratio, 0.52. Van der Land’s body present in the base of the primary clavae. The lateral cirri
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<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FA34FC5CFA547E89" box="[1419,1436,943,966]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">A</emphasis>
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unsegmented, i.e. no visible line separating the scapus and the flagellum. Secondary clavae, indistinct. Dorsofrontal internal cephalic cirri (12.9 µm long), located on short cirrophores (
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<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FC4AFC04FBC77941" box="[1013,1039,1015,1038]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">ca</emphasis>
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. 1.8 µm), comprising stout scapus (6.1 µm long) followed by short flagellum (
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<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FD2FFBEFFD7A797C" box="[656,690,1052,1075]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">ca.</emphasis>
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6.8 µm long) telescopically inserted in the scapus (
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<figureCitation id="132D22E0FF93EA57FAB9FBE9FA83797C" box="[1286,1355,1050,1075]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1342,1364]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. Holotype. A. Habitus. Scale bar = 50 µm. B. Cuticular punctations. Scale bar = 25 µm. C. Detail of the primary clava (arrow 1) and lateral cirrus A (arrow 2). The segmented internal cephalic cirrus is also visible (arrow 3). Scale bar = 10 µm. D. Leg IV showing claws and peduncles (arrow). Scale bar = 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239013/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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C; 4F). Both ventrally located external cephalic cirri (13.0 µm long) and dorsal medial cirrus (9.9 µm long) lack cirrophores, scapus and flagellum indistinct, however proximal portion of cirri (probably corresponding to scapus) much thicker than sharpened distal portion (probably flagellum) (
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<figureCitation id="132D22E0FF93EA57FCC4FB75FC7779D0" box="[891,959,1158,1183]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1123,1145]" captionTargetBox="[394,1207,274,1032]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[329,1258,193,1101]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Drawings of Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. A. Foot. B. Sense organ leg I. C. Sense organ leg II. D. Sense organ leg III. E. Sense organ leg IV. F. Internal cephalic cirrus. G. External cephalic cirrus. H. Median cirrus. I. Lateral cirrus A and primary clava. J. Cirrus E. Scale bar = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239014/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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G; 4H). Dorsal medial cirrus inserted well back on head, not extending beyond front edge of head.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF93EA57FF78FB3CFC6E78D5" blockId="6.[151,1437,258,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">
|
||
Sense organs on all legs, present. Leg I segmented spine (8.5 µm long) with differentiation of scapus and flagellum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D22E0FF93EA57FEAAFB01FE967844" box="[277,350,1266,1291]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1123,1145]" captionTargetBox="[394,1207,274,1032]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[329,1258,193,1101]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Drawings of Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. A. Foot. B. Sense organ leg I. C. Sense organ leg II. D. Sense organ leg III. E. Sense organ leg IV. F. Internal cephalic cirrus. G. External cephalic cirrus. H. Median cirrus. I. Lateral cirrus A and primary clava. J. Cirrus E. Scale bar = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239014/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B); legs II (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D22E0FF93EA57FE56FB01FDF97844" box="[489,561,1266,1291]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1123,1145]" captionTargetBox="[394,1207,274,1032]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[329,1258,193,1101]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Drawings of Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. A. Foot. B. Sense organ leg I. C. Sense organ leg II. D. Sense organ leg III. E. Sense organ leg IV. F. Internal cephalic cirrus. G. External cephalic cirrus. H. Median cirrus. I. Lateral cirrus A and primary clava. J. Cirrus E. Scale bar = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239014/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
C) and III (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D22E0FF93EA57FD05FB01FCC97844" box="[698,769,1266,1291]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1123,1145]" captionTargetBox="[394,1207,274,1032]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[329,1258,193,1101]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Drawings of Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. A. Foot. B. Sense organ leg I. C. Sense organ leg II. D. Sense organ leg III. E. Sense organ leg IV. F. Internal cephalic cirrus. G. External cephalic cirrus. H. Median cirrus. I. Lateral cirrus A and primary clava. J. Cirrus E. Scale bar = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239014/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
D), unsegmented spines, 9.5 µm long and 12.5 µm long, respectively. Leg IV, sense organ (10.1 µm long) consists of smooth papilla (5.3 µm) and terminal spine (4.8 µm), arising on short cirrophore, with basal diffractive structure (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D22E0FF93EA57FCFFFAC9FC4B781C" box="[832,899,1338,1363]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1342,1364]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. Holotype. A. Habitus. Scale bar = 50 µm. B. Cuticular punctations. Scale bar = 25 µm. C. Detail of the primary clava (arrow 1) and lateral cirrus A (arrow 2). The segmented internal cephalic cirrus is also visible (arrow 3). Scale bar = 10 µm. D. Leg IV showing claws and peduncles (arrow). Scale bar = 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239013/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A; 4E). This papilla seems to be asymmetrical, having the posterior portion less curved than the anterior, but this character must be evaluated with care because the shape of the structure can be deformed by the slide mounting process.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF93EA57FF78FA55FC6478AC" blockId="6.[151,1437,258,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">
|
||
Cirrus
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FEAAFA54FEEE78F1" box="[277,294,1447,1470]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">E</emphasis>
|
||
(24.3 µm long) consists of short (3.0 µm long) bell-shaped cirrophore, scapus (
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FB08FA54FB1178F1" box="[1207,1241,1447,1470]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
7 µm long) with accordion-like appearance, and flagellum (
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FDC9FA3FFD5078AC" box="[630,664,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
14.3 µm long) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D22E0FF93EA57FCF1FA39FC5A78AC" box="[846,914,1482,1507]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1123,1145]" captionTargetBox="[394,1207,274,1032]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[329,1258,193,1101]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Drawings of Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. A. Foot. B. Sense organ leg I. C. Sense organ leg II. D. Sense organ leg III. E. Sense organ leg IV. F. Internal cephalic cirrus. G. External cephalic cirrus. H. Median cirrus. I. Lateral cirrus A and primary clava. J. Cirrus E. Scale bar = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239014/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
J).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF93EA57FF78FA1CFBA57BF5" blockId="6.[151,1437,258,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">
|
||
Legs consist of coxa, femur, tibia and tarsus. Four digits on each leg. First three pairs of legs, digits of similar length (leg I: internal digits 4.8 µm long, external digits 3.8 µm long). Leg IV, digits longer (internal digits 7.8 µm long, external digits 4.9 µm long). Heart-shaped proximal pads on internal digits, present. Peduncles present on both internal and external digits. The external hook-shaped peduncles (
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FC08F9AFFC197B3C" box="[951,977,1628,1651]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">ca</emphasis>
|
||
. 6.5 µm long on legs IV) attached to the base of the claws and have two small basal lateral processes (
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FCF9F98CFCA07BD9" box="[838,872,1663,1686]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
4.7 µm distant to the tip). The external peduncles, strongly curved at base and enlarged (about 1.5 µm wide) distal to the lateral processes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF93EA57FF78F935FB837A4C" blockId="6.[151,1437,258,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">
|
||
Distal part of external peduncles, hollow; hollow area not extending to peduncle base. The very thin internal rod-shaped peduncles extend from the proximal pads to the claw base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D22E0FF93EA57FC0CF919FC3D7A4C" box="[947,1013,1770,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1342,1364]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. Holotype. A. Habitus. Scale bar = 50 µm. B. Cuticular punctations. Scale bar = 25 µm. C. Detail of the primary clava (arrow 1) and lateral cirrus A (arrow 2). The segmented internal cephalic cirrus is also visible (arrow 3). Scale bar = 10 µm. D. Leg IV showing claws and peduncles (arrow). Scale bar = 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239013/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D; 4A).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF93EA57FF78F8FDFDC57AF8" blockId="6.[151,1437,258,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">
|
||
Claws attached to the peduncle at almost a right angle, not crescent-shaped, with claw sheath. Claw sheath not covering tip of claw hooks, however this character needs to be confirmed. Claws on all legs, internal and external digits of similar size (
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF93EA57FE2DF8A4FE647A21" box="[402,428,1879,1902]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">ca</emphasis>
|
||
. 3.3 µm long). Each claw with three points, comprising thin dorsal spine-like accessory hook, clearly shorter than primary claw hook, and downward directed secondary hook, similar or slightly longer than primary hook (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D22E0FF93EA57FECAF86DFE7F7AF8" box="[373,439,1950,1975]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1342,1364]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. Holotype. A. Habitus. Scale bar = 50 µm. B. Cuticular punctations. Scale bar = 25 µm. C. Detail of the primary clava (arrow 1) and lateral cirrus A (arrow 2). The segmented internal cephalic cirrus is also visible (arrow 3). Scale bar = 10 µm. D. Leg IV showing claws and peduncles (arrow). Scale bar = 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239013/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="395">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D; 4A).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF696EEDFF92EA56FF28FACDFB4B78DD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239013/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1321]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF92EA56FF28FACDFB4B78DD" blockId="7.[151,1436,1342,1426]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FF28FACDFEDA781B" bold="true" box="[151,274,1342,1364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF92EA56FEA7FACCFDCF781B" box="[280,519,1342,1364]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="turbinarium" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FEA7FACCFDCF781B" box="[280,519,1342,1364]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">Styraconyx turbinarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2515F0CFF92EA56FDB2FACCFD95781B" box="[525,605,1343,1364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FDB2FACCFD95781B" bold="true" box="[525,605,1343,1364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Holotype. A. Habitus. Scale bar = 50 µm. B. Cuticular punctations. Scale bar = 25 µm. C. Detail of the primary clava (arrow 1) and lateral cirrus
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FCB7FAADFCDF783C" box="[776,791,1374,1395]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">A</emphasis>
|
||
(arrow 2). The segmented internal cephalic cirrus is also visible (arrow 3). Scale bar = 10 µm. D. Leg IV showing claws and peduncles (arrow). Scale bar = 10 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF92EA56FF78FA4AFE1578B9" blockId="7.[151,1437,1465,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">The gonopore consists of a six-cell rosette (9.7 µm from the anus). Seminal receptacles and ducts are not observable in our specimens.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF92EA56FF78F9F2FDBC7BE5" blockId="7.[151,1437,1465,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FF78F9F2FE057B55" bold="true" box="[199,461,1537,1562]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
To clearly differentiate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF92EA56FD67F9F1FCB37B55" box="[728,891,1537,1562]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="turbinarium" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FD67F9F1FCB37B55" box="[728,891,1537,1562]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">S. turbinarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2515F0CFF92EA56FC3DF9F2FC137B55" box="[898,987,1537,1562]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FC3DF9F2FC137B55" bold="true" box="[898,987,1537,1562]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
from similar species we used characters of major taxonomic and phylogenetic value suggested by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF874394FF92EA56FCEBF9D6FB677B71" author="Kristensen" box="[852,1199,1573,1598]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" refString="Kristensen, R. M. & Higgins, R. P. (1984) Revision of Styraconyx (Tardigrada: Halechiniscidae) with description of two new species from Disko Bay, West Greenland. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 391, 1 - 40. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.391" type="journal article" year="1984">Kristensen & Higgins (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and highlighted by D’Adabbo
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF874394FF92EA56FEA6F9BAFE327B2D" box="[281,506,1609,1634]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" refString="D'Addabbo Gallo, M., Morone De Lucia, M. R. & de Zio Grimaldi, S. (1989) Two new species of the genus Styraconyx (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada). Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 30, 17 - 33." type="journal article">
|
||
Gallo
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FEDCF9B9FE687B2D" box="[355,416,1609,1634]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1989)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: namely the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD80C7FF92EA56FD2AF9B9FD0D7B2D" box="[661,709,1610,1634]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of peduncles and claws and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD80C7FF92EA56FBEDF9B9FB4A7B2D" box="[1106,1154,1610,1634]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of leg sense organs. In addition, the shape of primary clavae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF874394FF92EA56FDF7F99EFC9E7BC9" author="Renaud-Mornant" box="[584,854,1645,1670]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" refString="Renaud-Mornant, J. (1982 a) Species diversity in marine tardigrades. In: Nelson, D. (Ed.), Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on the Tardigrada, August 3 - 6, 1980. East Tennessee State University Press, Johnson City, Tennessee, pp. 149 - 178. [USA]" type="journal article" year="1982" yearSuffix="a">Renaud-Mornant 1982a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and particular characteristics of some species (
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FACBF99DFA547BCA" box="[1396,1436,1646,1669]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">e.g.</emphasis>
|
||
cuticular characters) were also considered.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF92EA56FF78F946FE867AA1" blockId="7.[151,1437,1465,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">
|
||
Excluding the new species described in this paper, 12
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF92EA56FC8BF945FC787B82" box="[820,944,1718,1741]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FC8BF945FC787B82" box="[820,944,1718,1741]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">Styraconyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are known as of now. They can be divided into two major groups according the number of peduncles on each foot: seven species constituting the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF92EA56FA38F929FF3B7A5A" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="sargassi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FA38F929FF3B7A5A" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">S. sargassi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group have four peduncles on each foot, and five species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF92EA56FC7EF90DFA9C7A59" authority="Kristensen, 1977" authorityName="Kristensen" authorityYear="1977" box="[961,1364,1789,1814]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="hallasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FC7EF90DFB587A59" box="[961,1168,1789,1814]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">Styraconyx hallasi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF874394FF92EA56FB29F90EFA9C7A59" author="Kristensen" box="[1174,1364,1789,1814]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" refString="Kristensen, R. M. (1977) On the marine genus Styraconyx (Tardigrada, Heterotardigrada, Halechiniscidae) with description of a new species from warm spring on Disco Island. Astarte, 10, 87 - 91." type="journal article" year="1977">Kristensen, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group have two peduncles on external digits only. Our new species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF92EA56FCECF8D1FC3F7A75" box="[851,1015,1825,1850]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="turbinarium" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FCECF8D1FC3F7A75" box="[851,1015,1825,1850]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">S. turbinarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2515F0CFF92EA56FC40F8D2FB917A75" box="[1023,1113,1825,1850]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FC40F8D2FB917A75" bold="true" box="[1023,1113,1825,1850]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, has four peduncles on each foot corresponding to the species of the first group:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF92EA56FD49F8B5FC247A11" box="[758,1004,1861,1886]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="craticulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FD49F8B5FC247A11" box="[758,1004,1861,1886]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">Styraconyx craticulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF92EA56FC42F8B5FEDA7ACD" authority="Chang & Rho, 1998" authorityName="Chang & Rho" authorityYear="1998" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="craticuliformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FC42F8B5FAE17A11" box="[1021,1321,1861,1886]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">Styraconyx craticuliformis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF874394FF92EA56FA8CF8B6FEDA7ACD" author="Chang" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" refString="Chang, C. Y. & Rho, H. S. (1998) Three new tardigrade species associated with barnacles from the Thai coast of Andaman Sea. The Korean Journal of Biological Sciences, 2, 323 - 331. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 12265071.1998.9647426" type="journal article" year="1998">Chang & Rho, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF92EA56FE9FF899FE717ACD" box="[288,441,1897,1922]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="haploceros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FE9FF899FE717ACD" box="[288,441,1897,1922]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">S. haploceros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF92EA56FE74F899FC8E7ACD" authority="Robotti, 1971" authorityName="Robotti" authorityYear="1971" box="[459,838,1897,1922]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="paulae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FE74F899FD547ACD" box="[459,668,1897,1922]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">Styraconyx paulae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF874394FF92EA56FD19F89AFC8E7ACD" author="Robotti" box="[678,838,1897,1922]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" refString="Robotti, C. (1971) Nuova specie di tardigrado marino: Styraconyx paulae (Heterotardigrada). Annali del Museo civico di storia naturale Giacomo Doria, 4, 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1971">Robotti, 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF92EA56FCEBF899FC147ACD" box="[852,988,1897,1922]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="sardiniae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FCEBF899FC147ACD" box="[852,988,1897,1922]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">S. sardiniae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF92EA56FC52F899FBA07ACE" box="[1005,1128,1898,1921]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="sargassi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FC52F899FBA07ACE" box="[1005,1128,1898,1921]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">S. sargassi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF92EA56FB13F899FE267AE9" authority="D'Addabbo Gallo et al., 1989" authorityName="D'Addabbo Gallo et al." authorityYear="1989" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="tyrrhenus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FB13F899FA547ACD" box="[1196,1436,1897,1922]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">Styraconyx tyrrhenus</emphasis>
|
||
D’Addabbo
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF874394FF92EA56FE9CF87EFE267AE9" author="Gallo" box="[291,494,1933,1958]" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" refString="D'Addabbo Gallo, M., Morone De Lucia, M. R. & de Zio Grimaldi, S. (1989) Two new species of the genus Styraconyx (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada). Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 30, 17 - 33." type="journal article" year="1989">
|
||
Gallo
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FED5F87CFE6B7AE9" box="[362,419,1933,1958]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1989
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. From this group,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF92EA56FD7FF87DFC087AE9" box="[704,960,1933,1958]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="haploceros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FD7FF87DFC087AE9" box="[704,960,1933,1958]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">Styraconyx haploceros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with reduced sense organs, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF92EA56FA8DF87DFA547AE9" box="[1330,1436,1933,1958]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="7" pageNumber="396" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="paulae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF92EA56FA8DF87DFA547AE9" box="[1330,1436,1933,1958]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="396">S. paulae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
characterized by having a spine-like primary clavae, can be easily distinguished from all the other species including the new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF696EEDFF9DEA59FF28FB90FD9479F9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239014/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" targetBox="[394,1207,274,1032]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF9DEA59FF28FB90FD9479F9" blockId="8.[151,1436,1123,1206]" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FF28FB90FEDA7937" bold="true" box="[151,274,1123,1145]" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Drawings of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FE21FB97FD467936" box="[414,654,1123,1145]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="turbinarium" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FE21FB97FD467936" box="[414,654,1123,1145]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">Styraconyx turbinarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2515F0CFF9DEA59FD2BFB90FD2D7937" box="[660,741,1123,1144]" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FD2BFB90FD2D7937" bold="true" box="[660,741,1123,1144]" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A. Foot. B. Sense organ leg I. C. Sense organ leg II. D. Sense organ leg III. E. Sense organ leg IV. F. Internal cephalic cirrus. G. External cephalic cirrus. H. Median cirrus. I. Lateral cirrus
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FADEFB71FAB879D8" box="[1377,1392,1154,1175]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">A</emphasis>
|
||
and primary clava. J. Cirrus
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FE34FB52FE5279F9" box="[395,410,1185,1206]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Scale bar = 5 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF9DEA59FF78FB10FBA57B0F" blockId="8.[151,1437,1251,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">
|
||
The new species shares with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FDB2FB17FD5279B3" box="[525,666,1251,1276]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="craticulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FDB2FB17FD5279B3" box="[525,666,1251,1276]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">S. craticulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FD6FFB17FC8079B4" box="[720,840,1252,1275]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="sargassi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FD6FFB17FC8079B4" box="[720,840,1252,1275]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">S. sargassi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the long sausage-shaped primary clavae, whereas all the other species have a club-shaped or a lanceolate primary clavae. However, unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FB37FAFBFACC7850" box="[1160,1284,1288,1311]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="sargassi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FB37FAFBFACC7850" box="[1160,1284,1288,1311]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">S. sargassi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the primary clavae and the lateral cirri
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FE70FADFFE28780C" box="[463,480,1324,1347]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">A</emphasis>
|
||
have a common cirrophore and are enveloped by a common membrane extending beyond the base in both the new species and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FD06FAA3FC827827" box="[697,842,1359,1384]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="craticulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FD06FAA3FC827827" box="[697,842,1359,1384]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">S. craticulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Additionally, the relative size of claw hooks and especially the external peduncles are very different in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FD44FA87FC5678C3" box="[763,926,1395,1420]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="turbinarium" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FD44FA87FC5678C3" box="[763,926,1395,1420]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">S. turbinarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2515F0CFF9DEA59FC18FA80FBC978C3" box="[935,1025,1395,1420]" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FC18FA80FBC978C3" bold="true" box="[935,1025,1395,1420]" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FB23FA87FADD78C4" box="[1180,1301,1396,1419]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="sargassi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FB23FA87FADD78C4" box="[1180,1301,1396,1419]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">S. sargassi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In the new species, the accessory hook of the claws is thinner and shorter and the external peduncles are much more robust and differently shaped (see figure 45D, page
|
||
<quantity id="4CEE9380FF9DEA59FD32FA48FD0D789B" box="[653,709,1467,1492]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.906" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" unit="in" value="39.0">39 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF874394FF9DEA59FD73FA48FBC9789C" author="Kristensen" box="[716,1025,1467,1492]" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" refString="Kristensen, R. M. & Higgins, R. P. (1984) Revision of Styraconyx (Tardigrada: Halechiniscidae) with description of two new species from Disko Bay, West Greenland. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 391, 1 - 40. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.391" type="journal article" year="1984">Kristensen & Higgins 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D22E0FF9DEA59FB85FA48FBB3789C" box="[1082,1147,1467,1492]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1342,1364]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. Holotype. A. Habitus. Scale bar = 50 µm. B. Cuticular punctations. Scale bar = 25 µm. C. Detail of the primary clava (arrow 1) and lateral cirrus A (arrow 2). The segmented internal cephalic cirrus is also visible (arrow 3). Scale bar = 10 µm. D. Leg IV showing claws and peduncles (arrow). Scale bar = 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239013/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D). In addition, the lateral cirri
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FF6FFA13FF2978B8" box="[208,225,1504,1527]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">A</emphasis>
|
||
are divided in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FE29FA13FDD978B8" box="[406,529,1504,1527]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="sargassi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FE29FA13FDD978B8" box="[406,529,1504,1527]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">S. sargassi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and undivided in the new species. The different algal associations of the two species are also important. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF874394FF9DEA59FDD3F9F0FC727B54" author="Kristensen" box="[620,954,1539,1564]" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" refString="Kristensen, R. M. & Higgins, R. P. (1984) Revision of Styraconyx (Tardigrada: Halechiniscidae) with description of two new species from Disko Bay, West Greenland. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 391, 1 - 40. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.391" type="journal article" year="1984">Kristensen & Higgins (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FC78F9F7FB897B54" box="[967,1089,1540,1563]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="sargassi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FC78F9F7FB897B54" box="[967,1089,1540,1563]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">S. sargassi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FB58F9F7FAA97B54" box="[1255,1377,1540,1563]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Sargassum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Heterokontophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FB58F9F7FAA97B54" box="[1255,1377,1540,1563]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">Sargassum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(and once on benthic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FEF0F9DBFE677B70" box="[335,431,1576,1599]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Dictyota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FEF0F9DBFE677B70" box="[335,431,1576,1599]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">Dictyota</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) whereas our
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FDF0F9DBFD3A7B0F" box="[591,754,1575,1600]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="turbinarium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FDF0F9DBFD3A7B0F" box="[591,754,1575,1600]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">S. turbinarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found in drifting
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FC53F9D4FBA57B0F" box="[1004,1133,1575,1600]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FC53F9D4FBA17B0F" box="[1004,1129,1575,1600]" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Turbinaria</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF9DEA59FF78F9BFFE3E7AE8" blockId="8.[151,1437,1251,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">
|
||
By having a cuticle without the characteristic grid-like pattern
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FC7BF9BFFBA77B2B" box="[964,1135,1611,1636]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="turbinarium" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FC7BF9BFFBA77B2B" box="[964,1135,1611,1636]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">S. turbinarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2515F0CFF9DEA59FBC2F9B8FB167B2B" box="[1149,1246,1611,1636]" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FBC2F9B8FB167B2B" bold="true" box="[1149,1246,1611,1636]" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FA39F9BFFECF7BC7" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="craticulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FA39F9BFFECF7BC7" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">S. craticulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In addition, in the new species eye spots were not observed and the sense organs on leg IV have a smooth surface (they are granular, with small tubercles, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FCF6F967FC117BE3" box="[841,985,1683,1708]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="craticulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FCF6F967FC117BE3" box="[841,985,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">S. craticulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The claws of the new species, when compared with the claws of
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FE5AF94BFDB47B9F" box="[485,636,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FE5AF94BFDB07B9F" box="[485,632,1719,1744]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="craticulus">S. craticulus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
are less curved, the secondary hook is directed downwards, and the accessory hook is smaller and thinner than the other claw hooks. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FC64F92FFBA57BBB" box="[987,1133,1755,1780]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="craticulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FC64F92FFBA57BBB" box="[987,1133,1755,1780]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">S. craticulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
all the cephalic cirri are segmented; in contrast in the new species only the internal cephalic cirrus has a distinct scapus and flagellum. Another very important difference between these two species concerns the shape of the peduncles on the external digits; they are thinner and with the internal hollow area located in the proximal portion in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FB5EF8BBFABA7A2F" box="[1249,1394,1863,1888]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="craticulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FB5EF8BBFABA7A2F" box="[1249,1394,1863,1888]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">S. craticulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In contrast, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FEA4F89FFE777ACB" box="[283,447,1899,1924]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="turbinarium" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FEA4F89FFE777ACB" box="[283,447,1899,1924]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">S. turbinarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2515F0CFF9DEA59FE7AF898FDD77ACB" box="[453,543,1899,1924]" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FE7AF898FDD77ACB" bold="true" box="[453,543,1899,1924]" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
the hollow area of the peduncles is restricted to the distal portion following the lateral processes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D22E0FF9DEA59FEE1F87CFE687AE8" box="[350,416,1935,1960]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1342,1364]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1321]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. Holotype. A. Habitus. Scale bar = 50 µm. B. Cuticular punctations. Scale bar = 25 µm. C. Detail of the primary clava (arrow 1) and lateral cirrus A (arrow 2). The segmented internal cephalic cirrus is also visible (arrow 3). Scale bar = 10 µm. D. Leg IV showing claws and peduncles (arrow). Scale bar = 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239013/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D, 4A).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF9DEA58FF78F840FAF07CC7" blockId="8.[151,1437,1251,2032]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,151,464]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="398" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">
|
||
Within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FEFCF847FE727A84" box="[323,442,1972,1995]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="sargassi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FEFCF847FE727A84" box="[323,442,1972,1995]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">S. sargassi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, in addition to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FD14F847FCFF7A83" box="[683,823,1971,1996]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="craticulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FD14F847FCFF7A83" box="[683,823,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">S. craticulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the new species, only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9DEA59FBDDF847FB207A83" box="[1122,1256,1971,1996]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="8" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="tyrrhenus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FBDDF847FB207A83" box="[1122,1256,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">S. tyrrhenus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the primary clavae and the lateral cirri
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9DEA59FE75F82BFE137AA0" box="[458,475,2008,2031]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="397">A</emphasis>
|
||
situated on common cirrophores and enveloped by a common membrane extending beyond the base. However, in comparison with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9CEA58FD7BFF6BFCA27DFF" box="[708,874,151,176]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="9" pageNumber="398" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="turbinarium" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9CEA58FD7BFF6BFCA27DFF" box="[708,874,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="398">S. turbinarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2515F0CFF9CEA58FCCAFF64FC1A7DFF" box="[885,978,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="398" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9CEA58FCCAFF64FC1A7DFF" bold="true" box="[885,978,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="398">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9CEA58FBBBFF6BFB467DFF" box="[1028,1166,151,176]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="9" pageNumber="398" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="tyrrhenus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9CEA58FBBBFF6BFB467DFF" box="[1028,1166,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="398">S. tyrrhenus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the primary clavae are shorter and club-shaped as shown by the primary clava/lateral cirrus
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9CEA58FC23FF4FFC657D9C" box="[924,941,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="398">A</emphasis>
|
||
ratio (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6940BDEFF9CEA58FC49FF4FFB9D7D9B" box="[1014,1109,188,213]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[125,212,646,668]" captionTargetBox="[125,1789,802,1363]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (in μm) οf sοme structures οf specimens οf Styraconyx turbinarium sp. nov. and S. kristenseni kristenseni examined in this study and hοlοtypes measurements in οriginal descriptiοns) οf S. tyrrhenus (D'Addabbο Gallο et al., 1989), S. craticulus (Pοllοck, 1983) and S. kristenseni (Renaud-Mοrnant, 1981)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF696EEDFF90EA54FFC2FD75F93B7FF4" pageId="9" pageNumber="398" tableUuid="DF696EEDFF90EA54FFC2FD75F93B7FF4">Tables 1</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6940BDEFF9CEA58FBDBFF4FFBBD7D9B" box="[1124,1141,188,212]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="10.[119,205,554,576]" captionText="TABLE 2. Ratiο (R) between the primary clavae length and lateral cirri A length in specimens οf Styraconyx species (* - mean values)." pageId="9" pageNumber="398">2</tableCitation>
|
||
). Excluding the shape and size of clavae and the presence of segmented external cephalic cirri in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9CEA58FC0EFF13FBF07DB7" box="[945,1080,223,248]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="9" pageNumber="398" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="tyrrhenus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9CEA58FC0EFF13FBF07DB7" box="[945,1080,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="398">S. tyrrhenus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, all the other features exhibited by the two species are very similar, including the shape of peduncles. Morphologically overall, this makes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9CEA58FA38FEF6FECA7C0F" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="9" pageNumber="398" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="tyrrhenus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9CEA58FA38FEF6FECA7C0F" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="398">S. tyrrhenus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the most similar species to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9CEA58FDF5FEDBFD397C0F" box="[586,753,295,320]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="9" pageNumber="398" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="turbinarium" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9CEA58FDF5FEDBFD397C0F" box="[586,753,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="398">S. turbinarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2515F0CFF9CEA58FD45FED4FC9F7C0F" box="[762,855,295,320]" pageId="9" pageNumber="398" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9CEA58FD45FED4FC9F7C0F" bold="true" box="[762,855,295,320]" pageId="9" pageNumber="398">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Despite the high variability in morphometric data mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF874394FF9CEA58FEFDFEBFFD507C2B" author="Kristensen" box="[322,664,332,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="398" refString="Kristensen, R. M. & Higgins, R. P. (1984) Revision of Styraconyx (Tardigrada: Halechiniscidae) with description of two new species from Disko Bay, West Greenland. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 391, 1 - 40. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.391" type="journal article" year="1984">Kristensen & Higgins (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and the limited number of specimens examined, the membranes enveloping the clavae and lateral cirri
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9CEA58FDFBFE83FD9D7CC8" box="[580,597,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="398">A</emphasis>
|
||
and cirri
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9CEA58FD7EFE82FD1A7CC7" box="[705,722,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="398">E</emphasis>
|
||
seem to be relatively longer in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9CEA58FB8BFE83FB1F7CC7" box="[1076,1239,367,392]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="9" pageNumber="398" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="turbinarium" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9CEA58FB8BFE83FB1F7CC7" box="[1076,1239,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="398">S. turbinarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2515F0CFF9CEA58FB61FE9CFAF07CC7" box="[1246,1336,367,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="398" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9CEA58FB61FE9CFAF07CC7" bold="true" box="[1246,1336,367,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="398">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30C6DEEFF9CEA58FF78FE67FD1C7C80" pageId="9" pageNumber="398" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA93E65FF9CEA58FF78FE67FD1C7C80" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="9" pageNumber="398">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9CEA58FF78FE67FE867CE2" bold="true" box="[199,334,404,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="398">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species is named after the alga
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9CEA58FCF5FE67FC0A7CE2" box="[842,962,404,429]" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="9" pageNumber="398" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9CEA58FCF5FE67FC0A7CE2" box="[842,962,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="398">Turbinaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with which it is associated.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9CEA58FA9FFE66FED67C9F" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="9" pageNumber="398" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="turbinarium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9CEA58FA9FFE66FED67C9F" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="398">Styraconyx turbinarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
translates to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9CEA58FE0CFE4BFDE77C80" box="[435,559,440,463]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Styraconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="9" pageNumber="398" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9CEA58FE0CFE4BFDE77C80" box="[435,559,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="398">Styraconyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1645E6FF9CEA58FDECFE44FD047C9F" box="[595,716,439,464]" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="9" pageNumber="398" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962E277FF9CEA58FDECFE44FD047C9F" box="[595,716,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="398">Turbinaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |