486 lines
66 KiB
XML
486 lines
66 KiB
XML
<document id="CA3A90209DE2891C213A5783844261F2" ID-CLB-Dataset="21207" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2016.1253797" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ffdfb2b7-ecf7-4eef-a826-cbaeed24bb17" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3994811" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1598027921682" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Dick, Matthew H. & Grischenko, Andrei V." docDate="2016" docId="03BE87C2D1675C7E63A2FBD4FC48FA7B" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.51.3-4.141-266.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 51" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2016.1253797" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Aeteoidea Smitt 1868" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="156" masterDocId="FF87FFBAD16C5C716215FFFAFF85FFE8" masterDocTitle="Rocky-intertidal cheilostome bryozoans from the vicinity of the Sesoko Biological Station, west-central Okinawa, Japan" masterLastPageNumber="266" masterPageNumber="141" pageNumber="152" updateTime="1698845144665" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="68794589B1F67C981E3729411C6BC9FD">Rocky-intertidal cheilostome bryozoans from the vicinity of the Sesoko Biological Station, west-central Okinawa, Japan</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="6F35FA1AF13144D0CBF49222DDC3BECE" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6602F13F3B0BD76E8FCD7C404DDC34A8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D63BCF2BCEDE1352776B6CA3D72F11E0">Dick, Matthew H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E3AF04C1740509E03B6C390E0FC293E3">Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F130C303ACDE992FA897BBB28E598C99">Grischenko, Andrei V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F4B6DDA6955831F8F0AFE0ACC7EFB73F">Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Aquatic Ecology, Biological Faculty, Perm State National Research University, Perm, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="995D659BBB086CDE7CD16E741C09E941">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="363363EF3C84B26FD3C6FEBB8C7F8830">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="644965827D1177B01BB1AA3896ABBB3D">
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<mods:date id="10945B202E2D1F4707DD50208F951CA3">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="68F8D5E455691B7577D075E98EEA9BC4">2016-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4FA9EEB1D1C8AB2C794DDEFCF879C028">51</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="2F77C400B0322F99FA13646BA0410347">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2016.1253797</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="FAC4208D5F038BE405434D0184FC4143" type="CLB-Dataset">21207</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A13E92F319A20540168D266A05E8D569" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2016.1253797</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03BE87C2D1675C7E63A2FBD4FC48FA7B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4333629" ID-GBIF-Taxon="167288376" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4333629" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BE87C2D1675C7E63A2FBD4FC48FA7B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BE87C2D1675C7E63A2FBD4FC48FA7B" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="156" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">
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<subSubSection id="C30D655FD1675C7A63A2FBD4FCE9FBAF" box="[439,876,1070,1095]" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1675C7A63A2FBD4FCE9FBAF" blockId="11.[430,884,966,1234]" box="[439,876,1070,1095]" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">
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<heading id="D0E081B8D1675C7A63A2FBD4FCE9FBAF" box="[439,876,1070,1095]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" reason="4">
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Superfamily
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<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1675C7A6059FBD4FCE9FBAF" ID-CoL="84JZ7" authority="Smitt, 1868" authorityName="Smitt" authorityYear="1868" box="[588,876,1070,1095]" class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Aeteoidea">
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<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A6059FBD4FD59FBAF" bold="true" box="[588,732,1070,1095]" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">AETEOIDEA</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1675C7A60F3FBD4FCE9FBAF" author="Smitt FA" box="[742,876,1070,1095]" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" pagination="3 - 320" refId="ref65164" refString="Smitt FA. 1868. Kritisk forteckning ofver Skandinaviens Hafs-Bryozoer, IV. Ofver Kong Vetens Akad Forh Stockh. 26: 3 - 320." type="journal article" year="1868">Smitt, 1868</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30D655FD1675C7A63F5FBABFD52FB47" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1675C7A63F5FBABFCC7FB82" blockId="11.[430,884,966,1234]" box="[480,834,1105,1130]" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1675C7A6023FBABFCC7FB82" ID-CoL="84JV3" authority="Smitt, 1868" authorityName="Smitt" authorityYear="1868" box="[566,834,1105,1130]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Aeteidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">
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<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A6023FBABFD37FB82" bold="true" box="[566,690,1105,1130]" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">AETEIDAE</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1675C7A60A9FBABFCC7FB82" author="Smitt FA" box="[700,834,1105,1130]" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" pagination="3 - 320" refId="ref65164" refString="Smitt FA. 1868. Kritisk forteckning ofver Skandinaviens Hafs-Bryozoer, IV. Ofver Kong Vetens Akad Forh Stockh. 26: 3 - 320." type="journal article" year="1868">Smitt, 1868</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1675C7A63CCFB89FCCFFB64" blockId="11.[430,884,966,1234]" box="[473,842,1139,1164]" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1675C7A6039FB89FCCFFB64" ID-CoL="84L67" authority="Lamouroux, 1812" authorityName="Lamouroux" authorityYear="1812" box="[556,842,1139,1164]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Aeteidae" genus="Aetea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A6039FB89FDF6FB64" bold="true" box="[556,627,1139,1164]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">Aetea</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1675C7A6069FB89FCCFFB64" author="Lamouroux JVF" box="[636,842,1139,1164]" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" pagination="181 - 188" refId="ref63395" refString="Lamouroux JVF. 1812. Extrait d ' un memoire sur la classification des Polypiers coralligenes non entierement pierreux. Nouv Bull Sci Soc Phil. 3: 181 - 188." type="journal article" year="1812">Lamouroux, 1812</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1675C7A6059FB6CFD52FB47" blockId="11.[430,884,966,1234]" box="[588,727,1174,1199]" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1675C7A6059FB6CFD16FB47" ID-CoL="84L67" authorityName="Lamouroux" authorityYear="1812" box="[588,659,1174,1199]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Aeteidae" genus="Aetea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A6059FB6CFD16FB47" bold="true" box="[588,659,1174,1199]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" reason="3">Aetea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. A
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30D655FD1675C7A605FFB43FC9FFAFC" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1675C7A605FFB43FD5CFB3A" blockId="11.[430,884,966,1234]" box="[586,729,1209,1234]" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">
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(
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||
<figureCitation id="132C2A51D1675C7A6047FB43FD31FB3A" box="[594,692,1209,1234]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="12.[160,225,1157,1180]" captionTargetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 3. (a) Aetea sp. A: NSMT-Te 1053, zooids and interconnecting stolons. (b–f) Thalamoporella stapifera (Levinsen): (b) NSMT-Te 1056, autozooids, vicarious avicularium and ovicelled zooid; (c) NSMT- Te 1054, vicarious avicularium, with surrounding autozooids showing no torsion; (d) NSMT-Te 1055, autozooids and ovicelled zooid; note small lateral-oral tubercles on zooid proximal to ovicelled zooid; (e) Reef-2zs, basal surface of colony, showing basal insertions; (f) spicules, including small stirrup-shaped callipers and small to medium, slightly angled compasses. a–d, scanning electron microscopic images; e, f, photomicrographs. Scale bars: a = 250 µm; b–e = 500 µm; f = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994817/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">Figure 3</figureCitation>
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(a))
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1675C7A62B5FB06FC9FFAFC" blockId="11.[160,794,1276,1300]" box="[160,794,1276,1300]" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">
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||
?
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||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A62A1FB06FF72FAFC" box="[180,247,1276,1300]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">
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‘
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<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1675C7A62ACFB06FF72FAFC" authorityName="Lamouroux" authorityYear="1812" box="[185,247,1276,1300]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Aeteidae" genus="Aetea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">Aetea</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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||
?
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<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A631FFB06FEE0FAFC" box="[266,357,1276,1300]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">australis</emphasis>
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Jullien
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<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A63A3FB06FE3EFAFC" box="[438,443,1276,1300]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">’</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1675C7A63DCFB06FDDBFAFC" author="Gordon DP" box="[457,606,1276,1300]" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" pagination="1 - 198" refId="ref61690" refString="Gordon DP. 1984. The marine fauna of New Zealand: bryozoa: Gymnolaemata from the Kermadec ridge. N Z Oceanogr Inst Mem. 91: 1 - 198." type="journal article" year="1984">Gordon 1984</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 39, pl. 8A
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<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A60E0FB06FC87FAFC" box="[757,770,1276,1300]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">–</emphasis>
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D.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30D655FD1675C7A62B5FABFFD09FA6A" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1675C7A62B5FABFFE05FAB7" blockId="11.[160,652,1349,1410]" box="[160,384,1349,1375]" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">
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<heading id="D0E081B8D1675C7A62B5FABFFE05FAB7" box="[160,384,1349,1375]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" reason="5">
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||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A62B5FABFFE05FAB7" bold="true" box="[160,384,1349,1375]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" reason="3">Material examined</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1675C7A62B5FA90FD09FA6A" blockId="11.[160,652,1349,1410]" box="[160,652,1386,1410]" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">
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NSMT-Te 1503 (
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<collectionCode id="ED06AE11D1675C7A6346FA90FE16FA6A" box="[339,403,1386,1410]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15598" name="University of Minnesota" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" type="Herbarium">MIN-</collectionCode>
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1), dried, on SEM stub.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30D655FD1675C7C62B5FA49FD00FEBC" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1675C7A62B5FA49FEC8FA25" blockId="11.[160,1156,1459,1727]" box="[160,333,1459,1485]" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">
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||
<heading id="D0E081B8D1675C7A62B5FA49FEC8FA25" box="[160,333,1459,1485]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" reason="5">
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||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A62B5FA49FEC8FA25" bold="true" box="[160,333,1459,1485]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" reason="3">Measurements</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1675C7A62B5FA2DFBCEF957" blockId="11.[160,1156,1459,1727]" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">
|
||
Running stolon diameter,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE235013D1675C7A63D3FA2DFD87FA07" box="[454,514,1495,1519]" degrees="0.018" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" precision="55" value="0.018">0.018</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE235013D1675C7A6016FA2DFDC9FA07" box="[515,588,1495,1519]" degrees="0.030" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" precision="55" value="-0.03">
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||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A6016FA2DFD95FA07" box="[515,528,1495,1519]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">–</emphasis>
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||
0.030
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||
</geoCoordinate>
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||
(0.024 ± 0.005) (n = 6, 1). Stolon dilatation length 0.26; width, 0.10 (average values, n = 2). Length of erect part of zooid (including circular stalk and expanded
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A63B9F9E6FE37F9DC" box="[428,434,1564,1588]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">‘</emphasis>
|
||
hood
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||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A63F9F9E6FE74F9DC" box="[492,497,1564,1588]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">’</emphasis>
|
||
), 0.43
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||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A6057F9E6FDCAF9DC" box="[578,591,1564,1588]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.78 (0.619 ± 0.140); stalk length, 0.25
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||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A6652F9E6FBD1F9DC" box="[1095,1108,1564,1588]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.54 (0.376 ± 0.103); hood length, 0.19
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A603EF9C5FDBDF9BF" box="[555,568,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">–</emphasis>
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||
0.28 (0.241 ± 0.036); ratio, length of hood to total length of erect part of zooid, 0.33
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||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A6024F998FDBBF992" box="[561,574,1634,1658]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.44 (0.396 ± 0.042) (all n = 7, 1). Stalk diameter,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE235013D1675C7A62B5F97FFF59F975" box="[160,220,1669,1693]" degrees="0.055" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" precision="55" value="0.055">0.055</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE235013D1675C7A62C9F97EFEA3F975" box="[220,294,1668,1693]" degrees="0.072" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" precision="55" value="-0.072">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A62C9F97EFF6CF974" box="[220,233,1668,1692]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.072
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
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||
(0.065 ± 0.005); maximum width of hood,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE235013D1675C7A611CF97FFCC0F975" box="[777,837,1669,1693]" degrees="0.064" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" precision="55" value="0.064">0.064</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE235013D1675C7A6150F97EFC0BF975" box="[837,910,1668,1693]" degrees="0.104" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="152" precision="55" value="-0.104">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A6150F97EFCD7F974" box="[837,850,1668,1692]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.104
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||
</geoCoordinate>
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||
(0.090 ± 0.014); ratio, maximum width of hood to stalk diameter, 1.00
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||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1675C7A60D1F95DFD54F957" box="[708,721,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="152">–</emphasis>
|
||
1.58 (1.398 ± 0.184) (all n = 8, 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF68665CD1605C7D62B5FB7FFCE1FAA4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994817" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3994817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994817/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="153" startId="12.[160,225,1157,1180]" targetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1605C7D62B5FB7FFCE1FAA4" blockId="12.[160,1157,1157,1356]" pageId="12" pageNumber="153">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1605C7D62B5FB7FFF7AFB74" bold="true" box="[160,255,1157,1180]" pageId="12" pageNumber="153">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
(a)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1605C7D633EFB7FFEE5FB74" authorityName="Lamouroux" authorityYear="1812" box="[299,352,1157,1180]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Aeteidae" genus="Aetea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1605C7D633EFB7FFEE5FB74" box="[299,352,1157,1180]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="153">Aetea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. A: NSMT-Te 1053, zooids and interconnecting stolons. (b
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1605C7D61D8FB7FFC5CFB74" box="[973,985,1157,1180]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="153">–</emphasis>
|
||
f)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1605C7D61E4FB7FFEDEFB52" authority="(Levinsen)" baseAuthorityName="Levinsen" baseAuthorityYear="1909" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="stapifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1605C7D61E4FB7FFF74FB52" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="153">Thalamoporella stapifera</emphasis>
|
||
(Levinsen)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (b) NSMT-Te 1056, autozooids, vicarious avicularium and ovicelled zooid; (c) NSMT- Te 1054, vicarious avicularium, with surrounding autozooids showing no torsion; (d) NSMT-Te 1055, autozooids and ovicelled zooid; note small lateral-oral tubercles on zooid proximal to ovicelled zooid; (e) Reef-2zs, basal surface of colony, showing basal insertions; (f) spicules, including small stirrup-shaped callipers and small to medium, slightly angled compasses. a
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1605C7D60CCFAE2FD60FAC7" box="[729,741,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="153">–</emphasis>
|
||
d, scanning electron microscopic images; e, f, photomicrographs. Scale bars: a = 250 µm; b
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1605C7D6073FACFFDF7FAA4" box="[614,626,1333,1356]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="153">–</emphasis>
|
||
e = 500 µm; f = 100 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1605C7D62B5FA6DFEA3FA59" blockId="12.[160,1156,1431,1700]" box="[160,294,1431,1457]" pageId="12" pageNumber="153">
|
||
<heading id="D0E081B8D1605C7D62B5FA6DFEA3FA59" box="[160,294,1431,1457]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="153" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1605C7D62B5FA6DFEA3FA59" bold="true" box="[160,294,1431,1457]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="153" reason="3">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1605C7C62B5FA46FD00FEBC" blockId="12.[160,1156,1431,1700]" lastBlockId="13.[160,1156,142,340]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="12" pageNumber="153">
|
||
Colony small, recumbent, with zooids in branching uniserial series. Recumbent part of zooids consists of long, thin proximal stolon and wider, oblong distal dilatation. Dilatation width roughly 3 times that of stolon. Basic branching pattern cruciform; dilatation can be terminal, or give rise to stolon of daughter zooid from distal end, and/or from lateral margin on one or both sides. Erect part of zooid arises from distal end of dilatation and consists of tubular stalk and expanded hood open on one side (where frontal membrane covers opesia) and distally (where aperture is closed by operculum). Stalk relatively thick; diameter more than half width of dilatation. Hood relatively long, comprising roughly 30
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C605CFF4BFDD3FF21" box="[585,598,177,201]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">–</emphasis>
|
||
40% of length of erect part of zooid. Hood widest in mid-region; transversely or slightly obliquely truncate distally. Opesia tapering proximally, forming V-shaped notch where hood meets stalk. Operculum terminal, fitting transverse curvature of distal end of hood. Stolon, dilatation, stalk and hood appear smooth, with no overt, regular annulation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30D655FD1615C7C62B5FE7EFC7AFAB2" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1615C7C62B5FE7EFE83FE76" blockId="13.[160,1156,388,795]" box="[160,262,388,414]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<heading id="D0E081B8D1615C7C62B5FE7EFE83FE76" box="[160,262,388,414]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C62B5FE7EFE83FE76" bold="true" box="[160,262,388,414]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" reason="3">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1615C7C62B5FE53FE3AFCF3" blockId="13.[160,1156,388,795]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">
|
||
The taxonomy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1615C7C637AFE53FE28FE29" authorityName="Lamouroux" authorityYear="1812" box="[367,429,425,449]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Aeteidae" genus="Aetea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C637AFE53FE28FE29" box="[367,429,425,449]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">Aetea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is poorly resolved. Species in this genus have a simple, rather stereotypical morphology, and some of the characters perceived to be taxonomically informative unfortunately appear to vary ecophenotypically, as
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1615C7C619BFE14FBABFDEE" author="Gordon DP" box="[910,1070,494,518]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 198" refId="ref61690" refString="Gordon DP. 1984. The marine fauna of New Zealand: bryozoa: Gymnolaemata from the Kermadec ridge. N Z Oceanogr Inst Mem. 91: 1 - 198." type="journal article" year="1984">Gordon (1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 39) noted for parts of a single colony of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1615C7C602EFDEBFDFCFDC1" authorityName="Lamouroux" authorityYear="1812" box="[571,633,529,553]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Aeteidae" genus="Aetea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C602EFDEBFDFCFDC1" box="[571,633,529,553]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">Aetea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C60B4FDEBFD71FDC1" box="[673,756,529,553]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">ligulata</emphasis>
|
||
growing in different microhabitats. At least part of the material from the Kermadec Ridge,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3007644D1615C7C611EFDC9FC27FDA3" box="[779,930,563,587]" name="New Zealand" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1615C7C61F4FDC9FB01FDA3" author="Gordon DP" box="[993,1156,563,587]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 198" refId="ref61690" refString="Gordon DP. 1984. The marine fauna of New Zealand: bryozoa: Gymnolaemata from the Kermadec ridge. N Z Oceanogr Inst Mem. 91: 1 - 198." type="journal article" year="1984">Gordon (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1615C7C6324FDACFEEAFD86" authorityName="Lamouroux" authorityYear="1812" box="[305,367,598,622]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Aeteidae" genus="Aetea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C6324FDACFEEAFD86" box="[305,367,598,622]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">Aetea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
?
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C6390FDACFE65FD86" box="[389,480,598,622]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">australis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1615C7C63FEFDACFDFEFD86" author="Jullien J" box="[491,635,598,622]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref63152" refString="Jullien J. 1888. Bryozoaires. Miss Sci Cap Horn 1882 - 1883 Ser 6 Zool Part 3: 1 - 92, 15 pls." type="book chapter" year="1888">Jullien, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, is similar to our specimen in the following characters: the branching pattern appears to be cruciform; the dilatation is markedly wider than the stolon; the erect tubular stalk is thick, roughly half or more as wide as the dilatation; the hood is transversely or slightly obliquely truncate, and comprises nearly half the total length of the erect portion in some zooids; and there are no regular annuli on any part of the zooid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1615C7C62B5FCB6FEA1FC8E" blockId="13.[160,597,844,905]" box="[160,292,844,870]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<heading id="D0E081B8D1615C7C62B5FCB6FEA1FC8E" box="[160,292,844,870]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C62B5FCB6FEA1FC8E" bold="true" box="[160,292,844,870]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" reason="3">Occurrence</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1615C7C62B5FC8BFDD0FC61" blockId="13.[160,597,844,905]" box="[160,597,881,905]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">We found one colony, at the MIN site.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1615C7C6369FC48FC2DFBF9" blockId="13.[337,978,946,1145]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">
|
||
Suborder
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1615C7C63E7FC48FC43FC23" authority="Ostrovsky, 2013" authorityName="Ostrovsky" authorityYear="2013" box="[498,966,946,971]" class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Thalamoporellina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C63E7FC48FC87FC23" bold="true" box="[498,770,946,971]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">THALAMOPORELLINA</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1615C7C611EFC48FC43FC23" author="Ostrovsky AN" box="[779,966,946,971]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" refId="ref64385" refString="Ostrovsky AN. 2013. Evolution of sexual reproduction in marine invertebrates: example of gymnolaemate bryozoans. Dordrecht: Springer." type="book" year="2013">Ostrovsky, 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Superfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1615C7C63F3FC2FFC57FC06" authority="Levinsen, 1902" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1902" box="[486,978,981,1006]" class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Thalamoporelloidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C63F3FC2FFC9CFC06" bold="true" box="[486,793,981,1006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">THALAMOPORELLOIDEA</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1615C7C6137FC2FFC57FC06" author="Levinsen GMR" box="[802,978,981,1006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref63557" refString="Levinsen GMR. 1902. Studies on Bryozoa. Vid Med Dan Nat For KObenhavn. 54: 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1902">Levinsen, 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1615C7C63C4FC02FC2DFBF9" authority="Levinsen, 1909" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1909" box="[465,936,1016,1041]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C63C4FC02FD75FBF9" bold="true" box="[465,752,1016,1041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">THALAMOPORELLIDAE</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1615C7C60ECFC02FC2DFBF9" author="Levinsen GMR" box="[761,936,1016,1041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" refId="ref63579" refString="Levinsen GMR. 1909. Morphological and systematic studies on the Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Copenhagen: Nationale Forfatteres Forlag." type="book" year="1909">Levinsen, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1615C7C63A2FBE0FCEEFBDB" blockId="13.[337,978,946,1145]" box="[439,875,1050,1075]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1615C7C601EFBE0FCEEFBDB" authority="Hincks, 1887" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1887" box="[523,875,1050,1075]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C601EFBE0FD48FBDB" bold="true" box="[523,717,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">Thalamoporella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1615C7C60C3FBE0FCEEFBDB" author="Hincks T" box="[726,875,1050,1075]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" pagination="150 - 164" refId="ref62779" refString="Hincks T. 1887. Critical notes on the Polyzoa. Ann Mag Nat Hist Ser 5. 19: 150 - 164." type="journal article" year="1887">Hincks, 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1615C7C6384FBC7FC17FBBE" blockId="13.[337,978,946,1145]" box="[401,914,1085,1110]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1615C7C6384FBC7FC17FBBE" authority="(Levinsen, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Levinsen" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[401,914,1085,1110]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="stapifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C6384FBC7FD4CFBBE" bold="true" box="[401,713,1085,1110]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" reason="3">Thalamoporella stapifera</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1615C7C60CCFBC7FC0FFBBE" author="Levinsen GMR" box="[729,906,1085,1110]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" refId="ref63579" refString="Levinsen GMR. 1909. Morphological and systematic studies on the Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Copenhagen: Nationale Forfatteres Forlag." type="book" year="1909">Levinsen, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1615C7C6010FB9AFC9BFB91" blockId="13.[337,978,946,1145]" box="[517,798,1120,1145]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132C2A51D1615C7C6018FB9AFDF9FB91" box="[525,636,1120,1145]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="12.[160,225,1157,1180]" captionTargetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 3. (a) Aetea sp. A: NSMT-Te 1053, zooids and interconnecting stolons. (b–f) Thalamoporella stapifera (Levinsen): (b) NSMT-Te 1056, autozooids, vicarious avicularium and ovicelled zooid; (c) NSMT- Te 1054, vicarious avicularium, with surrounding autozooids showing no torsion; (d) NSMT-Te 1055, autozooids and ovicelled zooid; note small lateral-oral tubercles on zooid proximal to ovicelled zooid; (e) Reef-2zs, basal surface of colony, showing basal insertions; (f) spicules, including small stirrup-shaped callipers and small to medium, slightly angled compasses. a–d, scanning electron microscopic images; e, f, photomicrographs. Scale bars: a = 250 µm; b–e = 500 µm; f = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994817/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">Figures 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(b
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C6087FB9AFD25FB91" box="[658,672,1120,1145]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">–</emphasis>
|
||
f) and 4(f))
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1615C7C62B5FB6FFBCDFB45" blockId="13.[160,1155,1172,1370]" box="[160,1096,1172,1197]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1615C7C62B5FB6FFE3AFB45" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1909" box="[160,447,1173,1197]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="granulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C62B5FB6FFE3AFB45" box="[160,447,1173,1197]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">Thalamoporella granulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
var. A (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1615C7C600CFB6FFDF2FB45" baseAuthorityName="Levinsen" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[537,631,1173,1197]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="stapifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C600CFB6FFDF2FB45" box="[537,631,1173,1197]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">stapifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1615C7C609DFB6FFCAAFB45" author="Levinsen GMR" box="[648,815,1173,1197]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" refId="ref63579" refString="Levinsen GMR. 1909. Morphological and systematic studies on the Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Copenhagen: Nationale Forfatteres Forlag." type="book" year="1909">Levinsen, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 188, pl. 6, fig. 5(a
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C660AFB6EFBA9FB44" box="[1055,1068,1172,1196]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">–</emphasis>
|
||
e).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1615C7C62B5FB4DFDB4FB1A" blockId="13.[160,1155,1172,1370]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1615C7C62B5FB4DFD36FB27" authority=": Harmer 1926, p. 297" authorityName="Harmer" authorityPageNumber="297" authorityYear="1926" box="[160,691,1207,1231]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="stapifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C62B5FB4DFE36FB27" box="[160,435,1207,1231]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">Thalamoporella stapifera</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1615C7C63D1FB4DFDDDFB27" author="Harmer SF" box="[452,600,1207,1231]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" pagination="13 - 34" refId="ref62291" refString="Harmer SF. 1926. The Polyzoa of the Siboga expedition, part 2, Cheilostomata Anasca (with additions to previous reports). Siboga Exped. 28 b: 183 - 501, Plates 13 - 34." type="book chapter" year="1926">Harmer 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 297
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 19, figs 17 and 20
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C61ACFB4DFC43FB27" box="[953,966,1207,1231]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">–</emphasis>
|
||
25.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1615C7C61E7FB4DFEEAFB1A" author="Winston JE & Heimberg BF" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 49" refId="ref66066" refString="Winston JE, Heimberg BF. 1986. Bryozoans from Bali, Lombok, and Komodo. Am Mus Novit. 2847: 1 - 49." type="journal article" year="1986">Winston and Heimberg 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 8, figs 13
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C6017FB20FD8AFB1A" box="[514,527,1242,1266]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">–</emphasis>
|
||
16.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1615C7C62B5FB07FB82FAFD" blockId="13.[160,1155,1172,1370]" box="[160,1031,1276,1301]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D3F836D1615C7C62B5FB07FF4CFAFD" box="[160,201,1277,1301]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">Not</collectingRegion>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1615C7C62C7FB07FCF1FAFD" authority=": Ryland and Hayward 1992, p. 241" authorityName="Ryland and Hayward" authorityPageNumber="241" authorityYear="1992" box="[210,884,1277,1301]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="stapifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C62C7FB07FE61FAFD" box="[210,484,1277,1301]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">Thalamoporella stapifera</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1615C7C63E7FB07FC98FAFD" author="Ryland JS & Hayward PJ" box="[498,797,1277,1301]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" pagination="223 - 301" refId="ref64820" refString="Ryland JS, Hayward PJ. 1992. Bryozoa from Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef. Mem Queensland Mus. 32: 223 - 301." type="journal article" year="1992">Ryland and Hayward 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 241
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fig. 10(d, e).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1615C7C62B5FAE5FC7AFAB2" blockId="13.[160,1155,1172,1370]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D3F836D1615C7C62B5FAE5FF4CFADF" box="[160,201,1311,1335]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">Not</collectingRegion>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1615C7C62C5FAE5FCA0FADF" authority=": Soule and Soule 1970, p. 10" authorityName="Soule and Soule" authorityPageNumber="10" authorityYear="1970" box="[208,805,1311,1335]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="stapifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C62C5FAE5FE65FADF" box="[208,480,1311,1335]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">Thalamoporella stapifera</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1615C7C63F8FAE5FD5AFADF" author="Soule JD & Soule DF" box="[493,735,1311,1335]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref65542" refString="Soule JD, Soule DF. 1970. New species of Thalamoporella (Ectoprocta) from Hawaii, examined by scanning electron microscopy. Am Mus Novit. 2417: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1970">Soule and Soule 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 10
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fig. 4(c
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C616CFAE5FC03FADF" box="[889,902,1311,1335]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">–</emphasis>
|
||
g).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1615C7C61BFFAE5FBE7FADF" author="Soule DF & Soule JD & Chaney HW" box="[938,1122,1311,1335]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 93" refId="ref65368" refString="Soule DF, Soule JD, Chaney HW. 1992. The genus Thalamoporella worldwide (Bryozoa, Anasca). Morphology, evolution and speciation. Irene McCulloch Found Monogr Ser. 1: 1 - 93." type="book chapter" year="1992">Soule et al. 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 13, 31, figs 21 and 47; [=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1615C7C63F0FAB8FC77FAB2" authority="Soule et al., 1999" authorityName="Soule" authorityYear="1999" box="[485,1010,1346,1370]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="molokaiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C63F0FAB8FCA0FAB2" box="[485,805,1346,1370]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">Thalamoporella molokaiensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1615C7C613BFAB8FC77FAB2" author="Soule DF & Soule JD & Chaney HW" box="[814,1010,1346,1370]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 57" refId="ref65447" refString="Soule DF, Soule JD, Chaney HW. 1999. New species of Thalamoporella (Bryozoa) with acute or subacute avicularium mandibles and review of known species worldwide. Irene McCulloch Found Monogr Ser. 4: 1 - 57." type="book chapter" year="1999">Soule et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30D655FD1615C7C62B5FA71FBE5F9C7" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1615C7C62B5FA71FE05FA4D" blockId="13.[160,1156,1419,1583]" box="[160,384,1419,1445]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<heading id="D0E081B8D1615C7C62B5FA71FE05FA4D" box="[160,384,1419,1445]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C62B5FA71FE05FA4D" bold="true" box="[160,384,1419,1445]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" reason="3">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1615C7C62B5FA55FBE5F9C7" blockId="13.[160,1156,1419,1583]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">
|
||
NSMT-Te 1054 (MIN-Thal1), bleached, on SEM stub; NSMT-Te 1055 (MIN-Thal2), bleached, on SEM stub; NSMT-Te 1056 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED06AE11D1615C7C63F9FA28FDA2FA02" box="[492,551,1490,1514]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15598" name="University of Minnesota" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" type="Herbarium">MIN-</collectionCode>
|
||
15), bleached, on SEM stub; NSMT-Te 1057, four dried specimens,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED06AE11D1615C7C6330FA0FFED7F9E5" box="[293,338,1525,1549]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15598" name="University of Minnesota" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" type="Herbarium">MIN</collectionCode>
|
||
site; NSMT-Te 1058, 22 dried specimens,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED06AE11D1615C7C613AFA0FFCE0F9E5" box="[815,869,1525,1549]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">REEF</collectionCode>
|
||
site; NSMT-Te 1059, four bleached fragments,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED06AE11D1615C7C6385F9EDFE43F9C7" box="[400,454,1559,1583]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">REEF</collectionCode>
|
||
site;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED06AE11D1615C7C6011F9EDFDD9F9C7" box="[516,604,1559,1583]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
2016.5.13.1-6, six dried specimens,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED06AE11D1615C7C61E1F9EDFBAFF9C7" box="[1012,1066,1559,1583]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">REEF</collectionCode>
|
||
site.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30D655FD1615C7E62B5F99AFCD7FCD2" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="156" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1615C7C62B5F99AFEC8F992" blockId="13.[160,1155,1632,1727]" box="[160,333,1632,1658]" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<heading id="D0E081B8D1615C7C62B5F99AFEC8F992" box="[160,333,1632,1658]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C62B5F99AFEC8F992" bold="true" box="[160,333,1632,1658]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154" reason="3">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1615C7F62B5F97FFEBFF94B" blockId="13.[160,1155,1632,1727]" lastBlockId="14.[160,1155,1502,1699]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">
|
||
AzL, 0.68
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C631CF97EFE93F974" box="[265,278,1668,1692]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.96 (0.807 ± 0.076); AzW, 0.36
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C6090F97EFD17F974" box="[645,658,1668,1692]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.58 (0.458 ± 0.050) (n = 43,3). OrL, 0.20
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C6663F97EFB06F974" box="[1142,1155,1668,1692]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.27 (0.235 ± 0.017); OrW, 0.19
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C6037F95DFDAAF957" box="[546,559,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.25 (0.226 ± 0.014) (n = 43, 3). OvL, 0.50
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1615C7C6653F95DFBD6F957" box="[1094,1107,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="154">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.60 (0.549 ± 0.034); OvW, 0.59
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1625C7F63EAFA24FD89FA1E" box="[511,524,1502,1526]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="155">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.70 (0.644 ± 0.029) (n = 8, 3). AvL, 0.56
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1625C7F6653FA24FBD6FA1E" box="[1094,1107,1502,1526]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="155">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.61 (0.585 ± 0.017); AvW, 0.34
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1625C7F63C1F9FAFE64F9F0" box="[468,481,1536,1560]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="155">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.38 (0.358 ± 0.014) (n = 6, 3). Stirrup-shaped calliper: H,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE235013D1625C7F62B5F9D9FF58F9D3" box="[160,221,1571,1595]" degrees="0.048" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="155" precision="55" value="0.048">0.048</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE235013D1625C7F62C8F9D9FEADF9D3" box="[221,296,1571,1595]" degrees="0.061" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="155" precision="55" value="-0.061">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1625C7F62C8F9D9FF6FF9D3" box="[221,234,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="155">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.061
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(0.055 ± 0.003); W,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE235013D1625C7F6038F9D9FDEFF9D3" box="[557,618,1571,1595]" degrees="0.041" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="155" precision="55" value="0.041">0.041</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE235013D1625C7F607FF9D9FD31F9D3" box="[618,692,1571,1595]" degrees="0.050" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="155" precision="55" value="-0.05">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1625C7F607FF9D9FDF2F9D3" box="[618,631,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="155">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.050
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(0.044 ± 0.002); H/W ratio, 1.13
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1625C7F6653F9D9FBD6F9D3" box="[1094,1107,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="155">–</emphasis>
|
||
1.38 (1.251 ± 0.074) (n = 17, 1). C-shaped calliper: H, 0.031; W, 0.036; H/W 0.086 (n = 1, 1). Compass length,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE235013D1625C7F6385F992FE48F968" box="[400,461,1640,1664]" degrees="0.053" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="155" precision="55" value="0.053">0.053</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE235013D1625C7F63DBF992FD9DF968" box="[462,536,1640,1664]" degrees="0.165" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="155" precision="55" value="-0.165">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1625C7F63DBF992FE5EF968" box="[462,475,1640,1664]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="155">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.165
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(0.085 ± 0.022) (n = 40, 1). Largest colony observed 20 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CEF9B31D1625C7F62F5F971FEB0F94B" box="[224,309,1675,1699]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF68665CD1625C7F62B5FB7FFDB5FA6F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994819" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3994819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994819/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="155" startId="14.[160,225,1157,1180]" targetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1625C7F62B5FB7FFDB5FA6F" blockId="14.[160,1157,1157,1415]" pageId="14" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1625C7F62B5FB7FFF78FB74" bold="true" box="[160,253,1157,1180]" pageId="14" pageNumber="155">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
(a
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1625C7F630CFB7FFEA3FB74" box="[281,294,1157,1180]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="155">–</emphasis>
|
||
e)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1625C7F6350FB7FFDD2FB74" authority="Dick & Grischenko, 2016" authorityName="Dick & Grischenko" authorityYear="2016" box="[325,599,1157,1180]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="155" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="karesansui" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1625C7F6350FB7FFDD2FB74" box="[325,599,1157,1180]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="155">Thalamoporella karesansui</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25057BDD1625C7F6076FB7FFD3FFB74" box="[611,698,1157,1180]" pageId="14" pageNumber="155" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
: (a) NSMT-Te 1060 (holotype), autozooids, vicarious avicularium and ovicelled zooids; (b) NHMUK 2016.5.13.7 (paratype), vicarious avicularia and surrounding autozooids; (c) SES-specimen A, basal surface of dried colony, showing basal insertions; (d) NHMUK 2016.5.13.7 (paratype), spicules removed by bleaching, including small C-shaped callipers and medium-sized, slightly angled compasses; asterisks mark sponge spicules; (e) NHMUK 2016.5.13.7 (paratype), interzooidal connections; (f)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1625C7F61B0FAE2FEBBFAA4" authority="(Levinsen)" baseAuthorityName="Levinsen" baseAuthorityYear="1909" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="155" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="stapifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1625C7F61B0FAE2FF42FAA4" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="155">Thalamoporella stapifera</emphasis>
|
||
(Levinsen)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NSMT-Te 1055, interzooidal connections. a, b, e, f, scanning electron microscopic images of bleached material; c, d, photomicrographs. Scale bars: a, c = 500 µm; b = 250 µm; d = 100 µm; e, f = 150 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1635C7E62B5FF77FEA3FF4F" blockId="15.[160,1156,141,826]" box="[160,294,141,167]" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<heading id="D0E081B8D1635C7E62B5FF77FEA3FF4F" box="[160,294,141,167]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="156" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1635C7E62B5FF77FEA3FF4F" bold="true" box="[160,294,141,167]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="156" reason="3">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1635C7E62B5FF48FCD7FCD2" blockId="15.[160,1156,141,826]" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">
|
||
Colony forming a unilaminar, encrusting sheet, becoming locally multilaminar due to selfovergrowth; light yellowish to greyish tan in colour; often irregular in outline. Zooids (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132C2A51D1635C7E62B2FF0DFE8CFEE7" box="[167,265,247,271]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="12.[160,225,1157,1180]" captionTargetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 3. (a) Aetea sp. A: NSMT-Te 1053, zooids and interconnecting stolons. (b–f) Thalamoporella stapifera (Levinsen): (b) NSMT-Te 1056, autozooids, vicarious avicularium and ovicelled zooid; (c) NSMT- Te 1054, vicarious avicularium, with surrounding autozooids showing no torsion; (d) NSMT-Te 1055, autozooids and ovicelled zooid; note small lateral-oral tubercles on zooid proximal to ovicelled zooid; (e) Reef-2zs, basal surface of colony, showing basal insertions; (f) spicules, including small stirrup-shaped callipers and small to medium, slightly angled compasses. a–d, scanning electron microscopic images; e, f, photomicrographs. Scale bars: a = 250 µm; b–e = 500 µm; f = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994817/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(b
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1635C7E6308FF0DFEAFFEE7" box="[285,298,247,271]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">–</emphasis>
|
||
d)) distinct. Cryptocyst flat, densely granulated, uniformly perforated with small pseudopores proximal to level of opesiules; completely surrounded by raised, beaded rim. Opesiules oval, elongate, subcircular or irregular in outline; symmetrical in size, or one larger than other. Opesiular insertions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132C2A51D1635C7E6058FEA5FD23FE9F" box="[589,678,351,375]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="12.[160,225,1157,1180]" captionTargetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 3. (a) Aetea sp. A: NSMT-Te 1053, zooids and interconnecting stolons. (b–f) Thalamoporella stapifera (Levinsen): (b) NSMT-Te 1056, autozooids, vicarious avicularium and ovicelled zooid; (c) NSMT- Te 1054, vicarious avicularium, with surrounding autozooids showing no torsion; (d) NSMT-Te 1055, autozooids and ovicelled zooid; note small lateral-oral tubercles on zooid proximal to ovicelled zooid; (e) Reef-2zs, basal surface of colony, showing basal insertions; (f) spicules, including small stirrup-shaped callipers and small to medium, slightly angled compasses. a–d, scanning electron microscopic images; e, f, photomicrographs. Scale bars: a = 250 µm; b–e = 500 µm; f = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994817/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(e)) irregular open hooks, though distal end sometimes extends laterally to meet lateral wall, giving closed hook. Orifice (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132C2A51D1635C7E61F9FE78FBCDFE72" box="[1004,1096,386,410]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="12.[160,225,1157,1180]" captionTargetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 3. (a) Aetea sp. A: NSMT-Te 1053, zooids and interconnecting stolons. (b–f) Thalamoporella stapifera (Levinsen): (b) NSMT-Te 1056, autozooids, vicarious avicularium and ovicelled zooid; (c) NSMT- Te 1054, vicarious avicularium, with surrounding autozooids showing no torsion; (d) NSMT-Te 1055, autozooids and ovicelled zooid; note small lateral-oral tubercles on zooid proximal to ovicelled zooid; (e) Reef-2zs, basal surface of colony, showing basal insertions; (f) spicules, including small stirrup-shaped callipers and small to medium, slightly angled compasses. a–d, scanning electron microscopic images; e, f, photomicrographs. Scale bars: a = 250 µm; b–e = 500 µm; f = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994817/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(b, c)) subcircular, approximately as long as broad; semicircular distal to articulations; broad, deep sinus proximal to articulations, proximal margin concave or straight. Small, paired knobs present or absent lateral to orifice, this character variable even within colonies. Avicularia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132C2A51D1635C7E62B2FDF6FE87FDCC" box="[167,258,524,548]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="12.[160,225,1157,1180]" captionTargetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 3. (a) Aetea sp. A: NSMT-Te 1053, zooids and interconnecting stolons. (b–f) Thalamoporella stapifera (Levinsen): (b) NSMT-Te 1056, autozooids, vicarious avicularium and ovicelled zooid; (c) NSMT- Te 1054, vicarious avicularium, with surrounding autozooids showing no torsion; (d) NSMT-Te 1055, autozooids and ovicelled zooid; note small lateral-oral tubercles on zooid proximal to ovicelled zooid; (e) Reef-2zs, basal surface of colony, showing basal insertions; (f) spicules, including small stirrup-shaped callipers and small to medium, slightly angled compasses. a–d, scanning electron microscopic images; e, f, photomicrographs. Scale bars: a = 250 µm; b–e = 500 µm; f = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994817/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(b, c)) shorter than autozooids; ratio of mean AvL to mean ZL, 0.72; middle flanges lacking; articulations small, bracket-like. Mandibular part of rostrum raised, with smooth gymnocystal surface; mandible tapering to rounded, sub-acute tip. No torsion evident among avicularium, sister zooid or other adjacent zooids. Large ooecium of bivalved hyperstomial ovicell (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132C2A51D1635C7E6386FD6DFE71FD47" box="[403,500,663,687]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="12.[160,225,1157,1180]" captionTargetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 3. (a) Aetea sp. A: NSMT-Te 1053, zooids and interconnecting stolons. (b–f) Thalamoporella stapifera (Levinsen): (b) NSMT-Te 1056, autozooids, vicarious avicularium and ovicelled zooid; (c) NSMT- Te 1054, vicarious avicularium, with surrounding autozooids showing no torsion; (d) NSMT-Te 1055, autozooids and ovicelled zooid; note small lateral-oral tubercles on zooid proximal to ovicelled zooid; (e) Reef-2zs, basal surface of colony, showing basal insertions; (f) spicules, including small stirrup-shaped callipers and small to medium, slightly angled compasses. a–d, scanning electron microscopic images; e, f, photomicrographs. Scale bars: a = 250 µm; b–e = 500 µm; f = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994817/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(b, d)) somewhat broader than long, with median suture and acute, lanceolate opening. Spicules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132C2A51D1635C7E6048FD40FD32FD3A" box="[605,695,698,722]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="12.[160,225,1157,1180]" captionTargetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 3. (a) Aetea sp. A: NSMT-Te 1053, zooids and interconnecting stolons. (b–f) Thalamoporella stapifera (Levinsen): (b) NSMT-Te 1056, autozooids, vicarious avicularium and ovicelled zooid; (c) NSMT- Te 1054, vicarious avicularium, with surrounding autozooids showing no torsion; (d) NSMT-Te 1055, autozooids and ovicelled zooid; note small lateral-oral tubercles on zooid proximal to ovicelled zooid; (e) Reef-2zs, basal surface of colony, showing basal insertions; (f) spicules, including small stirrup-shaped callipers and small to medium, slightly angled compasses. a–d, scanning electron microscopic images; e, f, photomicrographs. Scale bars: a = 250 µm; b–e = 500 µm; f = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994817/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(f)) comprise small stirrup-shaped callipers and small to medium, slightly angled compasses; one small, C-shaped calliper observed. Zooids interconnect (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132C2A51D1635C7E639EFD05FE63FCFF" box="[395,486,767,791]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="14.[160,225,1157,1180]" captionTargetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 4. (a–e) Thalamoporella karesansui sp. nov.: (a) NSMT-Te 1060 (holotype), autozooids, vicarious avicularium and ovicelled zooids; (b) NHMUK 2016.5.13.7 (paratype), vicarious avicularia and surrounding autozooids; (c) SES-specimen A, basal surface of dried colony, showing basal insertions; (d) NHMUK 2016.5.13.7 (paratype), spicules removed by bleaching, including small C-shaped callipers and medium-sized, slightly angled compasses; asterisks mark sponge spicules; (e) NHMUK 2016.5.13.7 (paratype), interzooidal connections; (f) Thalamoporella stapifera (Levinsen), NSMT-Te 1055, interzooidal connections. a, b, e, f, scanning electron microscopic images of bleached material; c, d, photomicrographs. Scale bars: a, c = 500 µm; b = 250 µm; d = 100 µm; e, f = 150 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994819/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
(f)) via broad line of single pores near base of transverse wall and two small, raised pauciporous septula in each lateral wall.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30D655FD1635C7E62B5FC91FC48FA7B" pageId="15" pageNumber="156" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1635C7E62B5FC91FE83FC6D" blockId="15.[160,1156,875,1178]" box="[160,262,875,901]" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<heading id="D0E081B8D1635C7E62B5FC91FE83FC6D" box="[160,262,875,901]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="156" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1635C7E62B5FC91FE83FC6D" bold="true" box="[160,262,875,901]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="156" reason="3">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1635C7E62B5FC6AFD61FB72" blockId="15.[160,1156,875,1178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">
|
||
Our material is consistent in virtually all characters with the redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1635C7E661FFC6AFB06FC40" baseAuthorityName="Levinsen" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[1034,1155,912,936]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="15" pageNumber="156" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="stapifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1635C7E661FFC6AFB06FC40" box="[1034,1155,912,936]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">T. stapifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1635C7E62D0FC48FE11FC22" author="Soule DF & Soule JD & Chaney HW" box="[197,404,946,970]" pageId="15" pageNumber="156" pagination="1 - 57" refId="ref65447" refString="Soule DF, Soule JD, Chaney HW. 1999. New species of Thalamoporella (Bryozoa) with acute or subacute avicularium mandibles and review of known species worldwide. Irene McCulloch Found Monogr Ser. 4: 1 - 57." type="book chapter" year="1999">Soule et al. (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. We found inter-colony variation in the occurrence of the stirrupshaped callipers; among three colonies examined, callipers were abundant in one, rare in another and not detected in the third. There was also considerable variation in zooid and orifice size, so much so that it appeared two distinct species were involved; however, in some specimens, a part of the colony having small zooids could be traced to another part of the same colony having large zooids. This size variation may be related to seasonal variation in water temperature.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1635C7E62B5FB36FEA1FB0E" blockId="15.[160,1155,1228,1427]" box="[160,292,1228,1254]" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<heading id="D0E081B8D1635C7E62B5FB36FEA1FB0E" box="[160,292,1228,1254]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="156" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1635C7E62B5FB36FEA1FB0E" bold="true" box="[160,292,1228,1254]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="156" reason="3">Occurrence</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1635C7E62B5FB0AFC48FA7B" blockId="15.[160,1155,1228,1427]" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">
|
||
This species was abundant at REEF and common at MIN (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C695036FD1635C7E6124FB0AFC01FAE0" box="[817,900,1264,1288]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="7.[160,216,142,165]" captionText="Table 1. Relative abundance, local occurrence and status in Japan for rocky-intertidal cheilostome bryozoan species detected in west-central Okinawa, Japan." pageId="15" pageNumber="156">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). It is distributed from the north-eastern Indian Ocean to the western Pacific. Originally described from the Andaman or
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3007644D1635C7E6320FACFFE64FAA5" box="[309,481,1333,1357]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">Nicobar islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1635C7E63FAFACFFD16FAA5" author="Levinsen GMR" box="[495,659,1333,1357]" pageId="15" pageNumber="156" refId="ref63579" refString="Levinsen GMR. 1909. Morphological and systematic studies on the Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Copenhagen: Nationale Forfatteres Forlag." type="book" year="1909">Levinsen 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1635C7E60BDFACFFCA4FAA5" baseAuthorityName="Levinsen" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[680,801,1333,1357]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="15" pageNumber="156" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="stapifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1635C7E60BDFACFFCA4FAA5" box="[680,801,1333,1357]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">T. stapifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been reported from Timor (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1635C7E62B3FAA2FEBEFA98" author="Harmer SF" box="[166,315,1368,1392]" pageId="15" pageNumber="156" pagination="13 - 34" refId="ref62291" refString="Harmer SF. 1926. The Polyzoa of the Siboga expedition, part 2, Cheilostomata Anasca (with additions to previous reports). Siboga Exped. 28 b: 183 - 501, Plates 13 - 34." type="book chapter" year="1926">Harmer 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Lombok,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3007644D1635C7E63AEFAA2FDADFA98" box="[443,552,1368,1392]" name="Indonesia" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1635C7E6023FAA2FC05FA98" author="Winston JE & Heimberg BF" box="[566,896,1368,1392]" pageId="15" pageNumber="156" pagination="1 - 49" refId="ref66066" refString="Winston JE, Heimberg BF. 1986. Bryozoans from Bali, Lombok, and Komodo. Am Mus Novit. 2847: 1 - 49." type="journal article" year="1986">Winston and Heimberg 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); and the South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3007644D1635C7E6656FAA2FB06FA98" box="[1091,1155,1368,1392]" name="China" pageId="15" pageNumber="156">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1635C7E62C3FA81FE15FA7B" author="Androsova EI" box="[214,400,1403,1427]" pageId="15" pageNumber="156" pagination="21 - 45" refId="ref60234" refString="Androsova EI. 1963. Bryozoa of the South-China Sea. Stud Mar Sin. 4: 21 - 45. Russian." type="journal article" year="1963">Androsova 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Okinawa (~
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE235013D1635C7E6036FA81FDD8FA7B" box="[547,605,1403,1427]" degrees="26" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="156" precision="55555" value="26.0">26°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) is the farthest northern record.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |