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<document id="1CA6E70EA243E382DCE09F167755FC61" ID-CLB-Dataset="27992" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4570.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="66601a1e-ba16-41b2-b182-0fd80e75ccba" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2608527" ID-ZooBank="EF369E98-EBD9-4647-B081-65AD1794A27C" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553591750157" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Soto, Joan J. &amp; Peña, Álvaro L." docDate="2019" docId="03B887B7A440FFC2E983F8ABFBC19846" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4570.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4570 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Oswaldella terranovae Pena Cantero &amp; Vervoort 1996" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="FF81FFCFA46EFFF2E914FFEFFFBB9B7E" masterDocTitle="Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Weddell Sea (Antarctica)" masterLastPageNumber="78" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1698713421926" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="FB31B5196A3B8FD9049806DDE1478C0C">Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Weddell Sea (Antarctica)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9FE6167A1A90E0A9D32DAEF21E912C54">Soto, Joan J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AAE6DB0784B0508E9AA3C3DFE411D905">Peña, Álvaro L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="58B013F202F2D8207B4050CCA376C630">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="AC5CC7A21E88CB1CF4AACB5B692E318D">
<mods:date id="26CAAF3579863546A96B59817E06401F">2019</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03B887B7A440FFC2E983F8ABFBC19846" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5935023" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154497221" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5935023" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887B7A440FFC2E983F8ABFBC19846" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B887B7A440FFC2E983F8ABFBC19846" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<subSubSection id="C30B652AA440FFDCE983F8ABFC839C20" box="[151,824,1860,1886]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAE36A1A440FFDCE983F8ABFC839C20" blockId="46.[151,824,1860,1920]" box="[151,824,1860,1886]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<heading id="D0E681CDA440FFDCE983F8ABFC839C20" bold="true" box="[151,824,1860,1886]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C114D22A440FFDCE983F8ABFC839C20" ID-CoL="75CJM" authority="Pena Cantero &amp; Vervoort, 1996" authorityName="Pena Cantero &amp; Vervoort" authorityYear="1996" box="[151,824,1860,1886]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Kirchenpaueriidae" genus="Oswaldella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="terranovae">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A440FFDCE983F8ABFC839C20" bold="true" box="[151,824,1860,1886]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A440FFDCE983F8ABFE1D9C20" bold="true" box="[151,422,1860,1886]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Oswaldella terranovae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B50A440FFDCE8B9F8ABFC839C20" author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Svoboda, A. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[429,824,1860,1886]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="411 - 435" refId="ref45242" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L., Svoboda, A. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1996) Species of Schizotricha Allman, 1883 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from recent antarctic expeditions with R. V. '' Polarstern' ', with the description of a new species. Zoologische Mededelingen, 70, 411 - 435." type="journal article" year="1996">Peña Cantero &amp; Vervoort, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B652AA440FFDCE983F888FEA69CFE" box="[151,285,1895,1920]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAE36A1A440FFDCE983F888FEA69CFE" blockId="46.[151,824,1860,1920]" box="[151,285,1895,1920]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
(
<figureCitation id="132A2A24A440FFDCE98BF888FF559CFE" box="[159,238,1895,1920]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="47.[151,250,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[156,1426,486,1751]" captionTargetId="figure@47.[151,1436,481,1760]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 17. af Oswaldella terranovae: a hydrotheca in lateral view; b hydrotheca in frontal view; cd cauline apophysis showing nematophores; e hydrocaule with apophyses in triseriate arrangement; f male gonotheca in frontal view. gm O. tottoni: g hydrotheca in lateral view; f hydrotheca in frontal view; i colony; j detail of the stem showing hydrocladial arrangement; k female gonootheca in lateral view; l male gonotheca in lateral view; m female gonotheca in frontal view (left) and male gonotheca in frontal view (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2608563/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
af)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B652AA440FFDDE983F840FE729AD3" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAE36A1A440FFDDE983F840FE729AD3" blockId="46.[151,1436,1967,2028]" lastBlockId="47.[151,1436,151,429]" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A440FFDCE983F840FE3A9CB6" bold="true" box="[151,385,1967,1992]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Material examined.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A440FFDCE893F85FFE419CB9" box="[391,506,1967,1991]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">ANT XV/3</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A440FFDCEB1DF840FDF19CB6" bold="true" box="[521,586,1967,1992]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">48-27</emphasis>
, several stems, up to
<quantity id="4CE99B44A440FFDCEA29F840FC229CB9" box="[829,921,1967,1991]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="110.0">110 mm</quantity>
high;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A440FFDCEAF5F840FB9A9CB6" bold="true" box="[993,1057,1967,1992]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">48-31</emphasis>
, few colonies, up to
<quantity id="4CE99B44A440FFDCEC19F840FAE79CB9" box="[1293,1372,1967,1991]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="80.0">80 mm</quantity>
high, some on stone;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A440FFDCE852F83CFE3C9C92" bold="true" box="[326,391,2003,2028]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">48-33</emphasis>
, several colonies, up to
<quantity id="4CE99B44A440FFDCEB83F83BFD489C95" box="[663,755,2004,2028]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="170.0">170 mm</quantity>
high, some on stone;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A440FFDCEAFDF83CFB919C92" bold="true" box="[1001,1066,2003,2028]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">48-34</emphasis>
, one colony, up to
<quantity id="4CE99B44A440FFDCEC14F83CFAE69C95" box="[1280,1373,2003,2028]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 mm</quantity>
high, on sponge, with developing gonothecae;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEB70FF78FD1E9BCE" bold="true" box="[612,677,151,176]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">48-36</emphasis>
, few colonies, up to
<quantity id="4CE99B44A441FFDDEA85FF77FC559BD1" box="[913,1006,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="120.0">120 mm</quantity>
high, with gonothecae;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEDE9FF78FA859BCE" bold="true" box="[1277,1342,151,176]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">48-50</emphasis>
, several stems, up to
<quantity id="4CE99B44A441FFDDE832FF53FE389BAA" box="[294,387,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 mm</quantity>
high;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDE8DFFF53FDB69BAB" bold="true" box="[459,525,188,213]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">48-63</emphasis>
, several stems, up to
<quantity id="4CE99B44A441FFDDEA14FF53FCE59BAA" box="[768,862,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="170.0">170 mm</quantity>
high;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEAB2FF53FC4D9BAB" bold="true" box="[934,1014,188,213]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">48-210</emphasis>
, several stems, up to
<quantity id="4CE99B44A441FFDDEDFDFF53FA829BAA" box="[1257,1337,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
high, on stone and gravel, with developing gonothecae;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEBA8FF30FCB09B86" bold="true" box="[700,779,223,248]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">48-276</emphasis>
, several stems, up to
<quantity id="4CE99B44A441FFDDED1AFF0FFBD59B89" box="[1038,1134,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="110.0">110 mm</quantity>
high;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEDA8FF0FFAFF9B86" box="[1212,1348,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">ANT XVII/3</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEC43FF30FA289B86" bold="true" box="[1367,1427,223,248]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">111-5</emphasis>
, several stems, up to
<quantity id="4CE99B44A441FFDDE897FEEBFE599A62" box="[387,482,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="130.0">130 mm</quantity>
high, on gravel, with gonothecae;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEA66FEEBFC149A63" bold="true" box="[882,943,260,285]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">111-6</emphasis>
, several stems, up to
<quantity id="4CE99B44A441FFDDEDB8FEEBFAB09A62" box="[1196,1291,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 mm</quantity>
high;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEC43FEEBFA289A63" bold="true" box="[1367,1427,260,285]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">111-7</emphasis>
, several stems, up to
<quantity id="4CE99B44A441FFDDE884FEC7FE489A41" box="[400,499,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="120.0">120 mm</quantity>
high, with developing gonothecae;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEA8BFEC8FC609A3E" bold="true" box="[927,987,295,320]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">111-9</emphasis>
, few stems, up to
<quantity id="4CE99B44A441FFDDEDD1FEC8FAA29A41" box="[1221,1305,295,320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
high, with gonothecae;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDE831FEA3FECB9A1B" bold="true" box="[293,368,332,357]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">111-18</emphasis>
, few colonies, up to
<quantity id="4CE99B44A441FFDDEB4DFEA3FD0D9A1A" box="[601,694,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="210.0">210 mm</quantity>
high, with gonothecae;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEAD6FEA3FB869A1A" box="[962,1085,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">ANT XXI/2</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDED58FEA3FB019A1B" bold="true" box="[1100,1210,332,357]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">PS65/251</emphasis>
, few colonies, up to
<quantity id="4CE99B44A441FFDDE983FE80FF4F9AF9" box="[151,244,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="115.0">115 mm</quantity>
high, on gravel and stone;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEB3FFE80FD219AF6" bold="true" box="[555,666,367,392]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">PS65/278</emphasis>
, few stems, up to
<quantity id="4CE99B44A441FFDDEA78FE9FFC719AF9" box="[876,970,368,392]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="130.0">130 mm</quantity>
high;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDED00FE80FB389AF6" bold="true" box="[1044,1155,367,392]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">PS65/281</emphasis>
, few colonies, up to
<quantity id="4CE99B44A441FFDDEC67FE9FFF789AD2" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="110.0">110 mm</quantity>
high, with gonothecae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6E6629A441FFDDE983F91AFDF09CF8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2608563/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" startId="47.[151,250,1781,1803]" targetBox="[156,1426,486,1751]" targetPageId="47">
<paragraph id="8BAE36A1A441FFDDE983F91AFDF09CF8" blockId="47.[151,1436,1781,1926]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDE983F91AFEF79C75" bold="true" box="[151,332,1781,1803]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">FIGURE 17. af</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D22A441FFDDE840F91AFD859C75" authorityName="Pena Cantero &amp; Vervoort" authorityYear="1996" box="[340,574,1781,1803]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Kirchenpaueriidae" genus="Oswaldella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="terranovae">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDE840F91AFD859C75" box="[340,574,1781,1803]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Oswaldella terranovae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEB59F91AFDE19C75" bold="true" box="[589,602,1781,1803]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">a</emphasis>
hydrotheca in lateral view;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEA6BF91AFC369C75" bold="true" box="[895,909,1781,1803]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">b</emphasis>
hydrotheca in frontal view;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEDA3F91AFB669C75" bold="true" box="[1207,1245,1781,1803]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">cd</emphasis>
cauline apophysis showing nematophores;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDE882F8FBFE1A9C54" bold="true" box="[406,417,1812,1834]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">e</emphasis>
hydrocaule with apophyses in triseriate arrangement;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEAF4F8FBFC539C54" bold="true" box="[992,1000,1812,1834]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">f</emphasis>
male gonotheca in frontal view.
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEC5FF8FBFAC29C54" bold="true" box="[1355,1401,1812,1834]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">gm</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D22A441FFDDEC97F8FBFF629C36" authorityName="Pena Cantero &amp; Vervoort" authorityYear="1996" class="Hydrozoa" family="Kirchenpaueriidae" genus="Oswaldella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tottoni">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEC97F8FBFF629C36" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">O. tottoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDE9F8F8DDFF439C36" bold="true" box="[236,248,1842,1864]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">g</emphasis>
hydrotheca in lateral view;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEB3BF8DDFD839C36" bold="true" box="[559,568,1842,1864]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">f</emphasis>
hydrotheca in frontal view;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEA66F8DDFCC29C36" bold="true" box="[882,889,1842,1864]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">i</emphasis>
colony;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEAC8F8DDFC5F9C36" bold="true" box="[988,996,1842,1864]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">j</emphasis>
detail of the stem showing hydrocladial arrangement;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDE837F8BEFE8A9C19" bold="true" box="[291,305,1873,1895]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">k</emphasis>
female gonootheca in lateral view;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEBB4F8BEFD1C9C19" bold="true" box="[672,679,1873,1895]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">l</emphasis>
male gonotheca in lateral view;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A441FFDDEAE1F8BEFBB19C19" bold="true" box="[1013,1034,1873,1895]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">m</emphasis>
female gonotheca in frontal view (left) and male gonotheca in frontal view (right).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C30B652AA45EFFC2E9D3FF78FC5399FB" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAE36A1A45EFFC2E9D3FF78FC5399FB" blockId="48.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A45EFFC2E9D3FF78FE809BCE" bold="true" box="[199,315,151,176]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Remarks.</emphasis>
[Note: Recently,
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B50A45EFFC2EB18FF77FBAC9BCE" author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Gonzalez Molinero, A." box="[524,1047,151,176]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="397 - 414" refId="ref45056" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Gonzalez Molinero, A. (2018) On several species of Oswaldella Stechow, 1919 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa), including the description of a new species. Zootaxa, 4457, 397 - 414. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4457.3.3" type="journal article" year="2018">Peña Cantero and González Molinero (2018)</bibRefCitation>
demonstrated that the ubiquitous
<taxonomicName id="4C114D22A45EFFC2E983FF53FC059BAA" authority="Pena Cantero, Svoboda &amp; Vervoort, 1997" authorityName="Pena Cantero, Svoboda &amp; Vervoort" authorityYear="1997" box="[151,958,188,213]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Kirchenpaueriidae" genus="Oswaldella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stepanjantsae">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A45EFFC2E983FF53FE059BAA" box="[151,446,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Oswaldella stepanjantsae</emphasis>
Peña Cantero,
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B50A45EFFC2EB68FF53FC059BAA" author="Svoboda, A. &amp; Stepanjants, S. &amp; Smirnov, I." box="[636,958,188,213]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="22 - 25" refId="ref47372" refString="Svoboda, A., Stepanjants, S. &amp; Smirnov, I. (1997) Two polar Hydractinia species (Cnidaria), epibiotic on two closely related brittle stars (Echinodermata): an example for taxonomic and ecological bipolarity. In: Battaglia, B., Valencia, J. &amp; Walton, D. W. H. (Eds.), Antarctic Communities: Species, Structure and Survival. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 22 - 25" type="book chapter" year="1997">Svoboda &amp; Vervoort, 1997</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B50A45EFFC2EAFFFF52FC4C9BAA" author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Svoboda, A. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[1003,1015,189,212]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="339 - 388" refId="ref45303" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L., Svoboda, A. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1997 a) Species of Oswaldella Stechow, 1919 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from recent Antarctic expeditions with R. V. &quot; Polarstern &quot;, with the description of eight new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 119, 339 - 388. https: // doi. org / 10.1006 / zjls. 1996.0072" type="journal article" year="1997">a</bibRefCitation>
junior synonym of the uncommon
<taxonomicName id="4C114D22A45EFFC2E983FF30FCB09B86" authority="Pena Cantero &amp; Vervoort, 1996" authorityName="Pena Cantero &amp; Vervoort" authorityYear="1996" box="[151,779,223,248]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Kirchenpaueriidae" genus="Oswaldella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="terranovae">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A45EFFC2E983FF30FE229B86" box="[151,409,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Oswaldella terranovae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B50A45EFFC2E8B4FF0FFCB09B86" author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Svoboda, A. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[416,779,223,248]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="411 - 435" refId="ref45242" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L., Svoboda, A. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1996) Species of Schizotricha Allman, 1883 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from recent antarctic expeditions with R. V. '' Polarstern' ', with the description of a new species. Zoologische Mededelingen, 70, 411 - 435." type="journal article" year="1996">Peña Cantero &amp; Vervoort, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
]. Among the abundant material examined, we found some small fragments with caulinar apophyses in spiral arrangement forming three longitudinal rows (
<figureCitation id="132A2A24A45EFFC2EDCAFEEBFA849A62" box="[1246,1343,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="47.[151,250,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[156,1426,486,1751]" captionTargetId="figure@47.[151,1436,481,1760]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 17. af Oswaldella terranovae: a hydrotheca in lateral view; b hydrotheca in frontal view; cd cauline apophysis showing nematophores; e hydrocaule with apophyses in triseriate arrangement; f male gonotheca in frontal view. gm O. tottoni: g hydrotheca in lateral view; f hydrotheca in frontal view; i colony; j detail of the stem showing hydrocladial arrangement; k female gonootheca in lateral view; l male gonotheca in lateral view; m female gonotheca in frontal view (left) and male gonotheca in frontal view (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2608563/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 17e</figureCitation>
). In one case, a transition between triseriate and biseriate arrangement has been observed. Hitherto, triseriate apophyses are extremely rare amongst members of the family
<taxonomicName id="4C114D22A45EFFC2EBA7FEA3FC399A1B" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1921" box="[691,898,332,357]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Kirchenpaueriidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Kirchenpaueriidae</taxonomicName>
(cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B50A45EFFC2EAACFEA2FB289A1A" author="Pena Cantero, A. L." box="[952,1171,332,356]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="63 - 68" refId="ref43992" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. (2007) Breaking molds: Oswaldella laertesi, sp. nov., a unique Antarctic species of Oswaldella Stechow, 1919 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Kirchenpaueriidae). Zootaxa, 1612, 63 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1612.1.5" type="journal article" year="2007">Peña Cantero 2007</bibRefCitation>
), only documented in a single Antarctic representative of the genus
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A45EFFC2EB8DFE80FC999AF6" box="[665,802,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="4C114D22A45EFFC2EB8DFE80FCA79AF6" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1919" box="[665,796,367,392]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Kirchenpaueriidae" genus="Oswaldella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Oswaldella</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D22A45EFFC2EA39FE80FB479AF6" authority="Pena Cantero, 2007" authorityName="Pena Cantero" authorityYear="2007" box="[813,1276,367,392]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Kirchenpaueriidae" genus="Oswaldella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laertesi">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A45EFFC2EA39FE80FBB09AF6" box="[813,1035,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Oswaldella laertesi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B50A45EFFC2ED01FE9FFB479AF6" author="Pena Cantero, A. L." box="[1045,1276,368,392]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="63 - 68" refId="ref43992" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. (2007) Breaking molds: Oswaldella laertesi, sp. nov., a unique Antarctic species of Oswaldella Stechow, 1919 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Kirchenpaueriidae). Zootaxa, 1612, 63 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1612.1.5" type="journal article" year="2007">Peña Cantero, 2007</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, in which the triseriate disposition is constant. The fragments studied are clearly referable to
<taxonomicName id="4C114D22A45EFFC2ED3EFE7AFB719AD2" authorityName="Pena Cantero &amp; Vervoort" authorityYear="1996" box="[1066,1226,405,428]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Kirchenpaueriidae" genus="Oswaldella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="terranovae">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A45EFFC2ED3EFE7AFB719AD2" box="[1066,1226,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">O. terranovae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because up to six axillary nematophores have been observed on the caulinar apophyses, and the abcauline wall of the hydrotheca is clearly longer than its aperture (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B50A45EFFC2EB2FFE32FC119A8A" author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[571,938,476,500]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="805 - 861" refId="ref45962" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2004) Species of Oswaldella Stechow, 1919 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Kirchenpaueriidae) from US Antarctic expeditions, with the description of three new species. Journal of Natural History, 38, 805 - 861. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 0022293021000045154" type="journal article" year="2004">Peña Cantero &amp; Vervoort 2004</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="4C114D22A45EFFC2EAC8FE33FABA9A8A" authorityName="Pena Cantero, Svoboda &amp; Vervoort" authorityYear="1997" box="[988,1281,476,501]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Kirchenpaueriidae" genus="Oswaldella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stepanjantsae">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A45EFFC2EAC8FE33FABA9A8A" box="[988,1281,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Oswaldella stepanjantsae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C114D22A45EFFC2EC08FE33FF509966" authorityName="Pena Cantero" authorityYear="2007" class="Hydrozoa" family="Kirchenpaueriidae" genus="Oswaldella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laertesi">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A45EFFC2EC08FE33FF509966" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Oswaldella laertesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has low hydrothecae, and up to four axillary nematophores (
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B50A45EFFC2EA8BFE10FA2A9966" author="Gonzalez Molinero, A. G. &amp; Pena Cantero, A. L." box="[927,1425,511,536]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="401 - 441" refId="ref42468" refString="Gonzalez Molinero, A. G. &amp; Pena Cantero, A. L. (2015) SEM study of species of Oswaldella Stechow, 1919 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Kirchenpaueriidae), with an annotated checklist of the species of the genus. Zootaxa, 4052 (4), 401 - 441. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4052.4.1" type="journal article" year="2015">González Molinero and Peña Cantero 2015</bibRefCitation>
). Present study evidence that at least two species of
<taxonomicName id="4C114D22A45EFFC2EBCAFDCBFC169943" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1921" box="[734,941,548,573]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Kirchenpaueriidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Kirchenpaueriidae</taxonomicName>
belonging to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C114D22A45EFFC2EDD7FDCBFAF99943" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1919" box="[1219,1346,548,573]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Kirchenpaueriidae" genus="Oswaldella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A45EFFC2EDD7FDCBFAF99943" box="[1219,1346,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Oswaldella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
present apophyses in a triseriate arrangement, although in
<taxonomicName id="4C114D22A45EFFC2EBD2FDA7FCD8991E" authorityName="Pena Cantero &amp; Vervoort" authorityYear="1996" box="[710,867,584,608]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Kirchenpaueriidae" genus="Oswaldella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="terranovae">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A45EFFC2EBD2FDA7FCD8991E" box="[710,867,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">O. terranovae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the biseriate disposition is the rule. Present finding could point to a putative phylogenetic relationship between the two species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B652AA45EFFC2E9D3FD60FBC19846" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BAE36A1A45EFFC2E9D3FD60FBC19846" blockId="48.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A45EFFC2E9D3FD60FE4799D6" bold="true" box="[199,508,655,680]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Ecology and distribution.</emphasis>
Species collected at depths between 36 and
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(
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B50A45EFFC2ED60FD7FFF6999B2" author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Vervoort, W." pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="805 - 861" refId="ref45962" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2004) Species of Oswaldella Stechow, 1919 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Kirchenpaueriidae) from US Antarctic expeditions, with the description of three new species. Journal of Natural History, 38, 805 - 861. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 0022293021000045154" type="journal article" year="2004">Peña Cantero &amp; Vervoort 2004</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="4C114D22A45EFFC2E817FD5BFD9C99B2" authorityName="Pena Cantero, Svoboda &amp; Vervoort" authorityYear="1997" box="[259,551,692,717]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Kirchenpaueriidae" genus="Oswaldella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stepanjantsae">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A45EFFC2E817FD5BFD9C99B2" box="[259,551,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Oswaldella stepanjantsae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); present material between 62 and
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<quantity id="4CE99B44A45EFFC2EADCFD5BFBAE99B2" box="[968,1045,692,716]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.17" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="417.0">417 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
As pointed out by Peña Cantero (2013, 2014a, as
<taxonomicName id="4C114D22A45EFFC2E875FD37FD9A998E" authorityName="Pena Cantero, Svoboda &amp; Vervoort" authorityYear="1997" box="[353,545,728,752]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Kirchenpaueriidae" genus="Oswaldella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stepanjantsae">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A45EFFC2E875FD37FD9A998E" box="[353,545,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">O. stepanjantsae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and evidenced here, this species serve as basibiont for a great diversity of epibiotic hydrozoans, as well as other several taxa (cf.
<tableCitation id="C693031AA45EFFC2EA31FD13FCCB986A" box="[805,880,764,789]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="53.[147,224,585,605]" captionText="TABLE 3. Substrate and epibionts of the species inventoried." pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Tab. 3</tableCitation>
), thus constituting an important habitat former. Species with a circum-Antarctic distribution (
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B50A45EFFC2EB81FCCFFBD59846" author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Gonzalez Molinero, A." box="[661,1134,799,824]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="397 - 414" refId="ref45056" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Gonzalez Molinero, A. (2018) On several species of Oswaldella Stechow, 1919 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa), including the description of a new species. Zootaxa, 4457, 397 - 414. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4457.3.3" type="journal article" year="2018">Peña Cantero &amp; González Molinero 2018</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>