89 lines
14 KiB
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89 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document id="7431EC920BBB3A9ACF89266130DE8008" ID-DOI="10.1666/06-024.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3ab5370c-156f-45ae-a6f2-db99ee44fdd9" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3747786" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1586543755777" checkinUser="jeremy" docAuthor="Christine Lipkin, Paul C. Sereno & John R. Horner" docDate="2007" docId="465B87A2FFCCFFB5FF56FA00FBA9FDF9" docLanguage="en" docName="Lipkinetal2007.pdf.imd" docOrigin="Journal of Paleontology 81, No. 6" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Suchomimus tenerensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="1523" masterDocId="BA62FFDAFFCCFFB5FFFFFFA2FFDFFFD2" masterDocTitle="The furcula in Suchomimus tenerensis and Tyrannosaurus rex (Dinosauria: Theropoda: Tetanurae)" masterLastPageNumber="1527" masterPageNumber="1523" pageNumber="1523" updateTime="1698737113119" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="11D62CCCA69923F28C6A5D7DE56B5AB4">
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<mods:title id="D071C01EAE849A17328ED30821335B83">The furcula in Suchomimus tenerensis and Tyrannosaurus rex (Dinosauria: Theropoda: Tetanurae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="6E64E36CA7D65026D86F663962DF3FC5" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E0C4574588A4653554282D42A224473A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="BE7F0B7A91054E3D5B56943346D6A8D2">Christine Lipkin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="67D5126E7CD636387975C0A38DCE3CE1">Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, 1027 East 57 th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, Institut fu ¨ r Pala ¨ ontologie, Universita ¨ t Bonn, Nussallee 8, D- 53115 Bonn, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9803BEF22C470AFB27B4BF9852D28755" type="email">christinelipkin@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="C0769A3E003ABCF5D7C328ABD790035D">Paul C. Sereno</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DA6CDF69C1007EF5081887DED08833C5">Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, 1027 East 57 th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1968819E36E4C739D28478449CF707F5" type="email">dinosaur@uchicago.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F6F2182E2004C9C29BAA218061C01C97">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E15083F67093D933931453C3BC517237">John R. Horner</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DAEB96B54FBEA79399694EFB9F2C1A8A">Museum of the Rockies, Montana State University, Bozeman 59717</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8E3A8A6A6E7E6806483E1FE25EA64EC3" type="email">jhorner@montana.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F55DBF64FDE7776E6AE690B4EFF8926C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="7E69E866775D477A4282FC177B8BF691">Journal of Paleontology</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="DD69318190DEABF88870595E266E4A4D">
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<mods:date id="A96624361231266E2AB1E62282719B85">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="4647A9C3DFCC0789EC10437086D64D43" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="1D957AC11572CA7BD301CD901115A6F1">81</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="5BF3DED995C4BFAA406BD34CCA9381E8" type="numero">
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<mods:number id="AEDCCFA31D535647BAB087F5ED2ED714">6</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F31EA6445DC150ADA6B4956F783C918B">1523</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="0FA3ABFD65D59B4B45C8EEB6336FACDD">1527</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier id="8554AA8E81C3232F2AEC9FB4E785E629" type="DOI">10.1666/06-024.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="465B87A2FFCCFFB5FF56FA00FBA9FDF9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3809068" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163546175" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3809068" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:465B87A2FFCCFFB5FF56FA00FBA9FDF9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/465B87A2FFCCFFB5FF56FA00FBA9FDF9" lastPageNumber="1523" pageId="0" pageNumber="1523">
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<subSubSection id="86E8653FFFCCFFB5FF56FA00FD38F8CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1523" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CE4D36B4FFCCFFB5FF56FA00FD38F8CF" blockId="0.[144,817,1405,1987]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1523">
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<taxonomicName id="09F24D37FFCCFFB5FF56FA00FE7DFA6A" authority="Sereno et al., 1998" box="[169,418,1442,1464]" class="Reptilia" family="Spinosauridae" genus="Suchomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenerensis">Suchomimus tenerensis</taxonomicName>
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.—A furcula was recovered in a partially articulated skeleton (MNN GAD513) of the spinosaurid
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<taxonomicName id="09F24D37FFCCFFB5FF6FFA78FE5EFA22" authority="Sereno et al., 1998" box="[144,385,1498,1520]" class="Reptilia" family="Spinosauridae" genus="Suchomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenerensis">
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<emphasis id="FC86EAA6FFCCFFB5FF6FFA78FE5EFA22" box="[144,385,1498,1520]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1523">Suchomimus tenerensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="AA634B45FFCCFFB5FE6EFA7BFD81FA3D" author="SERENO, P. C. & A. L. BECK & D. B. DUTHEIL & B. GADO & H. C. E. LARSSON & G. H. LYON & J. D. MARCOT & O. W. M. RAUHUT & R. W. SADLEIR & C. A. SIDOR & D. D. VARRICCHIO & G. P. WILSON & J. A. WILSON" box="[401,606,1497,1519]" journalOrPublisher="Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1523" pagination="1298 - 1302" part="282" refId="ref3546" refString="SERENO, P. C., A. L. BECK, D. B. DUTHEIL, B. GADO, H. C. E. LARSSON, G. H. LYON, J. D. MARCOT, O. W. M. RAUHUT, R. W. SADLEIR, C. A. SIDOR, D. D. VARRICCHIO, G. P. WILSON, AND J. A. WILSON. 1998. A long-snouted predatory dinosaur from Africa and the evolution of spinosaurids. Science, 282: 1298 - 1302." title="A long-snouted predatory dinosaur from Africa and the evolution of spinosaurids" type="journal article" year="1998">Sereno et al., 1998</bibRefCitation>
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). The presacral vertebral column was preserved in articulation, whereas the furcula, ribs, gastralia, girdles, and limbs were disarticulated but in close association. The furcula is V-shaped in anterior view with an intrafurcular angle of 111
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<emphasis id="FC86EAA6FFCCFFB5FE78F9E4FE50F98F" box="[391,399,1606,1629]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1523">°</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="56C92A31FFCCFFB5FE5FF9E5FE01F98F" box="[416,478,1607,1629]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[133,197,1937,1956]" captionTargetBox="[308,1293,172,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[308,1293,172,1920]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1—Stereopairs and line drawings of the furcula in Suchomimus tenerensis (MNN GAD513). 1, anterior view and cross-sectional views; 2, posterior view. Cross-hatching indicates broken bone or a cross-sectional surface. Dashed lines indicate missing portions. Abbreviations: cb, central body; ep, epicleideum; hc, hypocleideum; la, ligament attachment scars. Scale bar equals 10 cm in Stereopairs; 5 cm in line drawings." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4029103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4029103/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="1523">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="8370030FFFCCFFB5FE11F9E5FDE5F98F" box="[494,570,1607,1629]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[144,202,1301,1320]" captionTargetBox="[147,1518,174,1110]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[147,1518,174,1110]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1—Measurements (mm) of the furcula in Suchomimus tenerensis (MNN GAD513) and furculae from Tyrannosaurus rex (UCRC V1, MOR 980, and MOR 1125). The length of the clavicular process was taken from the more complete right side of each specimen. Parentheses indicate ap- proximation. Abbreviations: NA, not applicable; NE, not exposed." pageId="0" pageNumber="1523">Table 1</tableCitation>
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). A dorsoventrally-flattened, tongue-shaped hypocleideum projects ventrally in the midline (
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<figureCitation id="56C92A31FFCCFFB5FF33F9DCFEF9F946" box="[204,294,1662,1684]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[165,229,1127,1146]" captionTargetBox="[147,1518,174,1110]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[147,1518,174,1110]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2—Photographs and line drawings of the furcula in Suchomimus tenerensis (MNN GAD513). 1, hypocleideum in anterior view; 2, epicleideal process in posterior view. Dashed lines indicate missing bone. Abbreviations: ep, epicleideum; hc, hypocleideum; la, ligament attachment scars. Scale bar equals 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4029109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4029109/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="1523">Fig. 2.1</figureCitation>
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). In anterior view, the hypocleideum is gently concave and displaced somewhat to the left of the midline. The absence of articular rugosities on the hypocleideum suggests that it did not contact other elements of the pectoral girdle. The central ramus has a D-shape in cross-section; anterior and posterior surfaces are convex and nearly flat, respectively (
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<figureCitation id="56C92A31FFCCFFB5FD8AF8A5FD62F8CF" box="[629,701,1799,1821]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[133,197,1937,1956]" captionTargetBox="[308,1293,172,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[308,1293,172,1920]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1—Stereopairs and line drawings of the furcula in Suchomimus tenerensis (MNN GAD513). 1, anterior view and cross-sectional views; 2, posterior view. Cross-hatching indicates broken bone or a cross-sectional surface. Dashed lines indicate missing portions. Abbreviations: cb, central body; ep, epicleideum; hc, hypocleideum; la, ligament attachment scars. Scale bar equals 10 cm in Stereopairs; 5 cm in line drawings." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4029103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4029103/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="1523">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="56C92A31FFCCFFB5FD34F8A5FD05F8CF" box="[715,730,1799,1821]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[165,229,1127,1146]" captionTargetBox="[147,1518,174,1110]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[147,1518,174,1110]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2—Photographs and line drawings of the furcula in Suchomimus tenerensis (MNN GAD513). 1, hypocleideum in anterior view; 2, epicleideal process in posterior view. Dashed lines indicate missing bone. Abbreviations: ep, epicleideum; hc, hypocleideum; la, ligament attachment scars. Scale bar equals 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4029109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4029109/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="1523">2</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="86E8653FFFCCFFB5FF56F881FBA9FDF9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1523" type="description">
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<paragraph id="CE4D36B4FFCCFFB5FF56F881FBA9FDF9" blockId="0.[144,817,1405,1987]" lastBlockId="0.[848,1521,479,1987]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1523">
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The proximal half of each clavicular ramus tapers in dorsoventral width at mid length before expanding as a tongue-shaped epicleideal process (
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<figureCitation id="56C92A31FFCCFFB5FE9FF8F8FE42F8A2" box="[352,413,1882,1904]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[133,197,1937,1956]" captionTargetBox="[308,1293,172,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[308,1293,172,1920]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1—Stereopairs and line drawings of the furcula in Suchomimus tenerensis (MNN GAD513). 1, anterior view and cross-sectional views; 2, posterior view. Cross-hatching indicates broken bone or a cross-sectional surface. Dashed lines indicate missing portions. Abbreviations: cb, central body; ep, epicleideum; hc, hypocleideum; la, ligament attachment scars. Scale bar equals 10 cm in Stereopairs; 5 cm in line drawings." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4029103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4029103/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="1523">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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). With the central body held vertically, the epicleideal processes arch gently posteriorly and are marked by striations both anteriorly and posteriorly. The dorsal two-thirds of the epicleideal process is thin; the ventral one-third is thickened posteriorly to form an articular platform for the edge of the acromion. This portion of the process is more strongly fluted for ligament attachment (
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<figureCitation id="56C92A31FFCCFFB5FBEAFDB7FBB4FDF9" box="[1045,1131,533,555]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[165,229,1127,1146]" captionTargetBox="[147,1518,174,1110]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[147,1518,174,1110]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2—Photographs and line drawings of the furcula in Suchomimus tenerensis (MNN GAD513). 1, hypocleideum in anterior view; 2, epicleideal process in posterior view. Dashed lines indicate missing bone. Abbreviations: ep, epicleideum; hc, hypocleideum; la, ligament attachment scars. Scale bar equals 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4029109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4029109/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="1523">Fig. 2.2</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |