179 lines
35 KiB
XML
179 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e101372" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2625-8498-73-717" ID-Pensoft-UUID="318B657A15AB5708B3C35FC1A82B4945" ID-ZooBank="8F3D5EDA2F184E5CA53E2F7741FF1339" ModsDocID="2625-8498-73-717" checkinTime="1695893367890" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Szyndlar, Zbigniew & Georgalis, Georgios L." docDate="2023" docId="43EED84C3D023FC83AABC08359097BC6" docLanguage="en" docName="VertZool 73: 717-886" docOrigin="Vertebrate Zoology 73" docPubDate="2023-09-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e101372" docTitle="Lichanura Cope 1861" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="318B657A15AB5708B3C35FC1A82B4945" lastPageNumber="717" masterDocId="318B657A15AB5708B3C35FC1A82B4945" masterDocTitle="An illustrated atlas of the vertebral morphology of extant non-caenophidian snakes, with special emphasis on the cloacal and caudal portions of the column" masterLastPageNumber="886" masterPageNumber="717" pageNumber="717" updateTime="1695893367890" updateUser="pensoft">
|
|
<mods:mods id="9636D5AD6C631DDDA242463580B64CCB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="DED61F3F0A3DB0A2F16A65E919E73FF8">
|
|
<mods:title id="4A5042101773EB3CF193ADF7E92073B5">An illustrated atlas of the vertebral morphology of extant non-caenophidian snakes, with special emphasis on the cloacal and caudal portions of the column</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name id="A91FEC2EBD555A50CE9BE5988A874633" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="AE33388396433F8E9B0A97C95DCFFA83">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="03CDF25E5DB02743A0D4A2A141CE7B09">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="AF33D5A09207885E3F7E47478F36D7F5">Szyndlar, Zbigniew</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation id="E1F3FDD087134CCB42BD965BCA4A3224">Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Slawkowska 17, 31 - 016 Krakow, Poland</mods:affiliation>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="91FE037CCBE04F2E3ABCF5E5EB9CA618" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="73E7FCB3734EB232859B47335029D5EF">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="3CEAB28DC2BC750F67DDE4385964E488">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="64A7E2F00684D006C7D4454186020F33">Georgalis, Georgios L.</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F8A95321D03DB2DDDE3BA124549B96AC" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7759-6146</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
<mods:affiliation id="761FCCC8AEEB369E7497433D9168532C">Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Slawkowska 17, 31 - 016 Krakow, Poland</mods:affiliation>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0867DC6A859CF33C180AA3D1C8C722E1" type="email">dimetrodon82@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource id="FD544D910118F0C4FDA988BC78375D0E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem id="BA42EE1E51995B44339695753FFE979E" type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="FF71177A39CB379F2054BACCC7AF5802">
|
|
<mods:title id="D12ED9A9B86816E04028E7F9403ABB87">Vertebrate Zoology</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part id="F0BF696B0E442CD0867C37DA6E4ABE95">
|
|
<mods:date id="69379FF7A6A33DE3C789966EEFFD8D76">2023</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail id="5678EFF874158FBB14D483F70160349B" type="pubDate">
|
|
<mods:number id="B72E30D1A84666D0052C2C525B28197C">2023-09-27</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:detail id="CC810663497CA30C773F8263E787E088" type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number id="44B478C80CA7BC577BFE70AFF129C7CD">73</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent id="300F84BB0743B76EBC4F797A20B70939" unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start id="89AC0ABC4076AA84DBD8520D155C8AAA">717</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end id="F0228806E51F107610E31DEDA538FD33">886</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:location id="040E71F6E6C378A56793F034DABC9038">
|
|
<mods:url id="C4F5E183199718BCECF8224F94518859">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e101372</mods:url>
|
|
</mods:location>
|
|
<mods:classification id="2F2079CF7A0364E24CC3E0C943D35D4C">journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="4F411A031E6C1A34429007FAABB77D11" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e101372</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="FB18F7F37E1B16869E170BB59FED7630" type="Pensoft-Pub">2625-8498-73-717</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="6071364D2289EFB27FC02E46C0C815E1" type="ZooBank">8F3D5EDA2F184E5CA53E2F7741FF1339</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="A618E6348C737C06E157BC6CDE91FA55" type="Pensoft-UUID">318B657A15AB5708B3C35FC1A82B4945</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment id="43EED84C3D023FC83AABC08359097BC6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:43EED84C3D023FC83AABC08359097BC6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/43EED84C3D023FC83AABC08359097BC6" lastPageNumber="717" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
|
|
<subSubSection id="913E24C9A01F560C95E4678A91D86A52" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph id="4FE837182389AA9900B9DBA1CD072B6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="62C53A3518CC3819957962B91519DFDA" authority="McDowell, 1987 (sensu Burbrink et al. 2020)" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1861" family="Ungaliophiidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="family">Ungaliophiidae McDowell, 1987 (sensu Burbrink et al. 2020)</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="400A7CFBAA0482B6B8B911B79C21ABC3" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" type="general information">
|
|
<paragraph id="A6F3E4CF84664D415B919861C1B6F508" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">General information.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8B4C6E1333999502CD0BC594B32D386F" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
|
|
Long considered as a subfamily of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BA81D3D8D07B3E54883C572B8CFED81E" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tropidophiidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DDB6AAC9E5A2530EB6DC4205B064DF04" authorityName="McDowell" authorityYear="1987" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ungaliopheinae">Ungaliopheinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
of
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AEED870F6392F1392FD3027D9B43757C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/1445695" author="McDowell, SB" editor="Seigel, RA" journalOrPublisher="Macmillan, New York" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="3 - 50" refId="B380" refString="McDowell, SB, 1987. Systematics. In: Seigel, RA, Collins, JT, Novak, SS, Eds., Snakes: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. Macmillan, New York: 3 - 50, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1445695" title="Systematics." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/1445695" volumeTitle="Snakes: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology." year="1987">McDowell [1987]</bibRefCitation>
|
|
- spelling formally emended to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C4387968F50E44A00204A3A9FEC55C67" authorityName="McDowell" authorityYear="1987" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ungaliophiinae">Ungaliophiinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="DFB80195B2E5925F1D4F2CF014DCAEF7" author="Huntley, LC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" refId="B293" refString="ICZN [International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature] (2020) Opinion 2454 (Case 3688) - CHARINIDAE Gray, 1849 (Reptilia, Squamata, Serpentes): emended to Charinaidae to remove homonymy with Charinidae Quintero, 1986 (Arachnida, Amblypygi); Ungaliopheinae McDowell, 1987 (Reptilia, Squamata, Serpentes) emended to Ungaliophiinae McDowell, 1987.Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature77: 63-65." year="2021">ICZN [2020]</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), ungaliophiids were recently demonstrated as being distinct booids, on the basis of molecular data (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E1E36E1985B01563AD8079BD34E87EF2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00239-7" author="Slowinski, JB" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="194 - 202" refId="B566" refString="Slowinski, JB, Lawson, R, 2002. Snake phylogeny: Evidence from nuclear and mitochondrial genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 23: 194 - 202, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00239-7" title="Snake phylogeny: Evidence from nuclear and mitochondrial genes." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00239-7" volume="23" year="2002">Slowinski and Lawson 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EAE086BB7E1843FAA78C7E478B7F1C3B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00244-0" author="Wilcox, TP" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="361 - 371" refId="B680" refString="Wilcox, TP, Zwickl, DJ, Heath, TA, Hillis, DM, 2002. Phylogenetic relationships of the dwarf boas and a comparison of Bayesian and bootstrap measures of phylogenetic support. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 25: 361 - 371, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00244-0" title="Phylogenetic relationships of the dwarf boas and a comparison of Bayesian and bootstrap measures of phylogenetic support." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00244-0" volume="25" year="2002">Wilcox et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D3C2112D83A1049ECA0D363DD3EE56FF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0952836904005278" author="Lawson, R" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="1 - 10" refId="B342" refString="Lawson, R, Slowinski, JB, Burbrink, FT, 2004. A molecular approach to discerning the phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic snake Xenophidion schaeferi among the Alethinophidia. Journal of Zoology 263: 1 - 10, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0952836904005278" title="A molecular approach to discerning the phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic snake Xenophidion schaeferi among the Alethinophidia." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0952836904005278" volume="263" year="2004">Lawson et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="788BE32A93C3F6A84460400A4577B2F7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150802166053" author="Wiens, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="420 - 431" refId="B679" refString="Wiens, JJ, Kuczynski, CA, Smith, SA, Mulcahy, DG, Sites, JW Jr., Townsend, TM, Reeder, TW, 2008. Branch lengths, support, and congruence: Testing the phylogenomic approach with 20 nuclear loci in snakes. Systematic Biology 57: 420 - 431, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150802166053" title="Branch lengths, support, and congruence: Testing the phylogenomic approach with 20 nuclear loci in snakes." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150802166053" volume="57" year="2008">Wiens et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="31B4A57FA856F199431F8777F320DEC5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-13-93" author="Pyron, RA" journalOrPublisher="Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" refId="B468" refString="Pyron, RA, Burbrink, FT, Wiens, JJ, 2013. A phylogeny and revised classification of Squamata, including 4161 species of lizards and snakes. BMC Evolutionary Biology 13: 93. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-13-93" title="A phylogeny and revised classification of Squamata, including 4161 species of lizards and snakes. BMC Evolutionary Biology 13: 93." url="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-13-93" year="2013">Pyron et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="99F909CDD4E0DC8A10C58A1D7DF386B9" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syz062" author="Burbrink, FT" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="502 - 520" refId="B101" refString="Burbrink, FT, Grazziotin, FG, Pyron, RA, Cundall, D, Donnellan, S, Irish, F, Keogh, JS, Kraus, F, Murphy, RW, Noonan, B, Raxworthy, CJ, Ruane, S, Lemmon, AR, Lemmon, EM, Zaher, H, 2020. Interrogating genomic-scale data for Squamata (lizards, snakes, and amphisbaenians) shows no support for key traditional morphological relationships. Systematic Biology 69: 502 - 520, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syz062" title="Interrogating genomic-scale data for Squamata (lizards, snakes, and amphisbaenians) shows no support for key traditional morphological relationships." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syz062" volume="69" year="2020">Burbrink et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), with this view supported also by their distinctive skulls (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="B0FE79CAC73B374619A4A69235F2A3A8" author="Bogert, CM" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B66" refString="Bogert, CM, 1968a. A new genus and species of dwarf boa from Southern Mexico. American Museum Novitates 2354: 1 - 38" title="A new genus and species of dwarf boa from Southern Mexico." volume="2354" year="1968 a">Bogert 1968a</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), vertebrae (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="328A9CFB118E8F021D93616A532A0ACD" author="Bogert, CM" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B66" refString="Bogert, CM, 1968a. A new genus and species of dwarf boa from Southern Mexico. American Museum Novitates 2354: 1 - 38" title="A new genus and species of dwarf boa from Southern Mexico." volume="2354" year="1968 a">Bogert 1968a</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="697AF036C494C09AFD070D73E5B6EFED" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.006" author="Smith, KT" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="157 - 182" refId="B570" refString="Smith, KT, 2013. New constraints on the evolution of the snake clades Ungaliophiinae, Loxocemidae and Colubridae (Serpentes), with comments on the fossil history of erycine boids in North America. Zoologischer Anzeiger 252: 157 - 182, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.006" title="New constraints on the evolution of the snake clades Ungaliophiinae, Loxocemidae and Colubridae (Serpentes), with comments on the fossil history of erycine boids in North America." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.006" volume="252" year="2013">Smith 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), and external morphology and myology (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="DC9A1062EAA75ACADA79CEC9788E3F23" author="Zaher, H" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" refId="B687" refString="Zaher, H, 1994. Les Tropidopheoidea (Serpentes; Alethinophidea) sont-ils reellement monophyletiques? Arguments en faveur de leur polyphyletisme. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences Paris (Serie 3) 317: 471-478." title="Les Tropidopheoidea (Serpentes; Alethinophidea) sont-ils reellement monophyletiques? Arguments en faveur de leur polyphyletisme. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences Paris (Serie 3) 317: 471 - 478." year="1994">Zaher 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) (see entry of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F2FD483A6517AAE2BC4682AD287D300C" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tropidophiidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
above). Therefore, according to recent taxonomic schemes,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DB65E52187676F6666F9485BEB058F82" authorityName="Zaher" authorityYear="1994" family="Ungaliophiidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="family">Ungaliophiidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
form the sister group of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0A668236E459ED45034FEED56AC1B630" family="Charinaidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="family">Charinaidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E8020591B312EC9AFE058C588CF3CF33" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.5" author="Pyron, RA" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="249 - 260" refId="B470" refString="Pyron, RA, Reynolds, GA, Burbrink, FT, 2014. A taxonomic revision of boas (Serpentes: Boidae). Zootaxa 3846: 249 - 260, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.5" title="A taxonomic revision of boas (Serpentes: Boidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.5" volume="3846" year="2014">Pyron et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="17C195680A499B6E457AA878EBDE62B6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.26049/VZ70-3-2020-03" author="Georgalis, GL" journalOrPublisher="Vertebrate Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="291 - 304" refId="B204" refString="Georgalis, GL, Smith, KT, 2020. Constrictores Oppel, 1811 - The available name for the taxonomic group uniting boas and pythons. Vertebrate Zoology 70: 291 - 304, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26049/VZ70-3-2020-03" title="Constrictores Oppel, 1811 - The available name for the taxonomic group uniting boas and pythons." url="https://doi.org/10.26049/VZ70-3-2020-03" volume="70" year="2020">Georgalis and Smith 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5AC0E289CDF8F3E6B9425A826FD84248" DOI="https://doi.org/10.26049/VZ70-4-2020-06" author="Scanferla, A" journalOrPublisher="Vertebrate Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="615 - 620" refId="B530" refString="Scanferla, A, Smith, KT, 2020b. Additional anatomical information on the Eocene minute boas Messelophis variatus and Rieppelophis ermannorum (Messel Formation, Germany). Vertebrate Zoology 70: 615 - 620, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26049/VZ70-4-2020-06" title="Additional anatomical information on the Eocene minute boas Messelophis variatus and Rieppelophis ermannorum (Messel Formation, Germany)." url="https://doi.org/10.26049/VZ70-4-2020-06" volume="70" year="2020 b">Scanferla and Smith 2020b</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). More particularly, in such taxonomic schemes and phylogenies, they have been considered either as a subfamily (i.e.,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B28485BD9E51E7FAA99FE4466BFF4C04" authorityName="McDowell" authorityYear="1987" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ungaliophiinae">Ungaliophiinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
) of (an expanded)
|
|
<taxonomicName id="36085CF39581FFA04FD5B9B5710AFD70" family="Charinaidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="family">Charinaidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
(e.g.,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="65F3983D4FDE9F3BF3463466E74D8509" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.5" author="Pyron, RA" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="249 - 260" refId="B470" refString="Pyron, RA, Reynolds, GA, Burbrink, FT, 2014. A taxonomic revision of boas (Serpentes: Boidae). Zootaxa 3846: 249 - 260, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.5" title="A taxonomic revision of boas (Serpentes: Boidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.5" volume="3846" year="2014">Pyron et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="421F48817370E78834C8B094F8D9122B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.26049/VZ70-3-2020-03" author="Georgalis, GL" journalOrPublisher="Vertebrate Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="291 - 304" refId="B204" refString="Georgalis, GL, Smith, KT, 2020. Constrictores Oppel, 1811 - The available name for the taxonomic group uniting boas and pythons. Vertebrate Zoology 70: 291 - 304, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26049/VZ70-3-2020-03" title="Constrictores Oppel, 1811 - The available name for the taxonomic group uniting boas and pythons." url="https://doi.org/10.26049/VZ70-3-2020-03" volume="70" year="2020">Georgalis and Smith 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) or either as their own family,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A76D9EB846A9EF42AE1EA4FD0AC02597" authorityName="Zaher" authorityYear="1994" family="Ungaliophiidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="family">Ungaliophiidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D1DCC49BEFF4DCBFB99CE985C66BFAA6" author="Zaher, H" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" refId="B687" refString="Zaher, H, 1994. Les Tropidopheoidea (Serpentes; Alethinophidea) sont-ils reellement monophyletiques? Arguments en faveur de leur polyphyletisme. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences Paris (Serie 3) 317: 471-478." title="Les Tropidopheoidea (Serpentes; Alethinophidea) sont-ils reellement monophyletiques? Arguments en faveur de leur polyphyletisme. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences Paris (Serie 3) 317: 471 - 478." year="1994">Zaher 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="502C8A63492E0250DC75EE623B1D53B4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00244-0" author="Wilcox, TP" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="361 - 371" refId="B680" refString="Wilcox, TP, Zwickl, DJ, Heath, TA, Hillis, DM, 2002. Phylogenetic relationships of the dwarf boas and a comparison of Bayesian and bootstrap measures of phylogenetic support. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 25: 361 - 371, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00244-0" title="Phylogenetic relationships of the dwarf boas and a comparison of Bayesian and bootstrap measures of phylogenetic support." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00244-0" volume="25" year="2002">Wilcox et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E2D3C399DA79E6129096D936FD6608A4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syz062" author="Burbrink, FT" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="502 - 520" refId="B101" refString="Burbrink, FT, Grazziotin, FG, Pyron, RA, Cundall, D, Donnellan, S, Irish, F, Keogh, JS, Kraus, F, Murphy, RW, Noonan, B, Raxworthy, CJ, Ruane, S, Lemmon, AR, Lemmon, EM, Zaher, H, 2020. Interrogating genomic-scale data for Squamata (lizards, snakes, and amphisbaenians) shows no support for key traditional morphological relationships. Systematic Biology 69: 502 - 520, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syz062" title="Interrogating genomic-scale data for Squamata (lizards, snakes, and amphisbaenians) shows no support for key traditional morphological relationships." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syz062" volume="69" year="2020">Burbrink et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2DB6A48E22E28A78EB9EF916EAA31EB5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac001" author="Zaher, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="656 - 697" refId="B694" refString="Zaher, H, Mohabey, DM, Grazziotin, FG, Mantilla, JAW, 2023. The skull of Sanajeh indicus, a Cretaceous snake with an upper temporal bar, and the origin of ophidian wide-gaped feeding. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 197: 656 - 697, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac001" title="The skull of Sanajeh indicus, a Cretaceous snake with an upper temporal bar, and the origin of ophidian wide-gaped feeding." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac001" volume="197" year="2023">Zaher et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). We select here the latter nomenclature, especially because caudal vertebral morphology of charinaids is strikingly most similar to erycids and not to ungaliophiids (see also the entry of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CA343952BED0D46FF96C74A94A64C1FC" family="Charinaidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="family">Charinaidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
above).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="C383FCFA82F51B29BC79BB5F02DB4A31" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="999298AE8ADD5AF063CEB520BDCED72C" authorityName="Zaher" authorityYear="1994" family="Ungaliophiidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="family">Ungaliophiidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
currently comprise two genera,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="30AE968103089D8FE22D127345B217A9" authorityName="Bogert" authorityYear="1968" class="Squamata" family="Boidae" genus="Exiliboa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Exiliboa" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="5928332E767481C2C6BB7197836F208F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Exiliboa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F8A9ACCCC42587B195E2EBAE566764A3" authorityName="Mueller" authorityYear="1880" class="Reptilia" family="Xenopeltidae" genus="Ungaliophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungaliophis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="56AD153A5239B0A4DB7FFE0FB31D4DD1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Ungaliophis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, with only three species in total, inhabiting continental Central and northern South America (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="836557D52D9BC85F01EE9717056E5936" author="Wallach, V" journalOrPublisher="CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" refId="B669" refString="Wallach, V, Williams, KL, Boundy, J, 2014. Snakes of the world: A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL" title="Snakes of the world: A catalogue of living and extinct species." year="2014">Wallach et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E07E54B0B7020BDFB5345D7CA62C1D9F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429461354" author="Boundy, J" journalOrPublisher="CRC Press, Boca Raton" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" refId="B91" refString="Boundy, J, 2021. Snakes of the World. A Supplement. CRC Press, Boca Raton, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429461354" title="Snakes of the World. A Supplement." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429461354" year="2021">Boundy 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). The fossil record though attests to a much larger past distribution including the Eocene of North America (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="3759040289A407CBCD56755BEA82242D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.006" author="Smith, KT" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="157 - 182" refId="B570" refString="Smith, KT, 2013. New constraints on the evolution of the snake clades Ungaliophiinae, Loxocemidae and Colubridae (Serpentes), with comments on the fossil history of erycine boids in North America. Zoologischer Anzeiger 252: 157 - 182, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.006" title="New constraints on the evolution of the snake clades Ungaliophiinae, Loxocemidae and Colubridae (Serpentes), with comments on the fossil history of erycine boids in North America." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.006" volume="252" year="2013">Smith 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) and Europe (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D10E456962B40080844B5B7FC7ADFA55" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12300" author="Scanferla, A" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="182 - 206" refId="B532" refString="Scanferla, A, Smith, KT, Schaal, SFK, 2016. Revision of the cranial anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of the Eocene minute boas Messelophis variatus and Messelophis ermannorum (Serpentes, Booidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 176: 182 - 206, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12300" title="Revision of the cranial anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of the Eocene minute boas Messelophis variatus and Messelophis ermannorum (Serpentes, Booidea)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12300" volume="176" year="2016">Scanferla et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="3DA501A632B71EA114237908353633CB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.26049/VZ70-4-2020-06" author="Scanferla, A" journalOrPublisher="Vertebrate Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="615 - 620" refId="B530" refString="Scanferla, A, Smith, KT, 2020b. Additional anatomical information on the Eocene minute boas Messelophis variatus and Rieppelophis ermannorum (Messel Formation, Germany). Vertebrate Zoology 70: 615 - 620, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26049/VZ70-4-2020-06" title="Additional anatomical information on the Eocene minute boas Messelophis variatus and Rieppelophis ermannorum (Messel Formation, Germany)." url="https://doi.org/10.26049/VZ70-4-2020-06" volume="70" year="2020 b">Scanferla and Smith 2020b</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="05317487B63B2BD5379AB1078526A126" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
|
|
Vertebral morphology of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="07216FE4BC071CF2119E5D9D9125A587" authorityName="Zaher" authorityYear="1994" family="Ungaliophiidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="family">Ungaliophiidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
possesses striking differences compared to that of other booids and constrictors in general. More particularly, their trunk vertebrae are characterized by a distinctive elongation (with the CL/NAW ratio ≥1.1) and light construction, while their caudal vertebrae are characterized by the presence of a haemal keel (instead of haemapophyses) throughout the caudal series which only disappears near the tip of tail. Indeed,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EDC9A15E8BB58BE046732B4E4065EFB2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.006" author="Smith, KT" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="157 - 182" refId="B570" refString="Smith, KT, 2013. New constraints on the evolution of the snake clades Ungaliophiinae, Loxocemidae and Colubridae (Serpentes), with comments on the fossil history of erycine boids in North America. Zoologischer Anzeiger 252: 157 - 182, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.006" title="New constraints on the evolution of the snake clades Ungaliophiinae, Loxocemidae and Colubridae (Serpentes), with comments on the fossil history of erycine boids in North America." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.006" volume="252" year="2013">Smith (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
has highlighted these two diagnostic features of ungaliophiids as synapomorphies within constrictors.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="4FBDD514317FAABFDE55FC229CACB0BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
|
|
Ungaliophiid vertebrae have only been rarely figured. In fact, previous figures of vertebrae of extant
|
|
<taxonomicName id="52E3518AA2D5AA85B2CD71A8ED08769D" authorityName="Zaher" authorityYear="1994" family="Ungaliophiidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="family">Ungaliophiidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
have been so far only presented by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="CEDA1BB3B045FF27095FBA211EAEF63F" author="Bogert, CM" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B66" refString="Bogert, CM, 1968a. A new genus and species of dwarf boa from Southern Mexico. American Museum Novitates 2354: 1 - 38" title="A new genus and species of dwarf boa from Southern Mexico." volume="2354" year="1968 a">Bogert (1968a</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="31D248365B66A1B6AACD871236733393" author="Bogert, CM" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="1 - 26" refId="B67" refString="Bogert, CM, 1968b. The variations and affinities of the dwarf boas of the genus Ungaliophis. American Museum Novitates 2340: 1 - 26" title="The variations and affinities of the dwarf boas of the genus Ungaliophis." volume="2340" year="1968 b">1968b</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="47C4E48DCB5ED5AC006BF3848135E965" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.006" author="Smith, KT" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="157 - 182" refId="B570" refString="Smith, KT, 2013. New constraints on the evolution of the snake clades Ungaliophiinae, Loxocemidae and Colubridae (Serpentes), with comments on the fossil history of erycine boids in North America. Zoologischer Anzeiger 252: 157 - 182, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.006" title="New constraints on the evolution of the snake clades Ungaliophiinae, Loxocemidae and Colubridae (Serpentes), with comments on the fossil history of erycine boids in North America." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.006" volume="252" year="2013">Smith (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. Among these, vertebrae from the cloacal and/or caudal series have been presented by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8BAB5D6EB9F50C685E8F3A13D04336CD" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.006" author="Smith, KT" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="157 - 182" refId="B570" refString="Smith, KT, 2013. New constraints on the evolution of the snake clades Ungaliophiinae, Loxocemidae and Colubridae (Serpentes), with comments on the fossil history of erycine boids in North America. Zoologischer Anzeiger 252: 157 - 182, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.006" title="New constraints on the evolution of the snake clades Ungaliophiinae, Loxocemidae and Colubridae (Serpentes), with comments on the fossil history of erycine boids in North America." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.006" volume="252" year="2013">Smith (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. Besides this figuring,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="03A92781736F845225B1D744696F5765" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/pala/240/1996/145" author="Szyndlar, Z" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontographica A" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="145 - 161" refId="B613" refString="Szyndlar, Z, Boehme, W, 1996. Redescription of Tropidonotus atavus von Meyer, 1855 from the upper Oligocene of Rott (Germany) and its allocation to Rottophis gen. nov. (Serpentes, Boidae). Palaeontographica A 240: 145 - 161, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/pala/240/1996/145" title="Redescription of Tropidonotus atavus von Meyer, 1855 from the upper Oligocene of Rott (Germany) and its allocation to Rottophis gen. nov. (Serpentes, Boidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/pala/240/1996/145" volume="240" year="1996">
|
|
Szyndlar and
|
|
<normalizedToken id="DDFF376FBD8EEEC5BC8866F7EFD91137" originalValue="Böhme">Boehme</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1996)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A2DFC498569EC2C369D44456D00788D5" author="Szyndlar, Z" journalOrPublisher="Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" refId="B614" refString="Szyndlar, Z, Rage, J-C, 2003. Non-erycine Booidea from the Oligocene and Miocene of Europe. Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow" title="Non-erycine Booidea from the Oligocene and Miocene of Europe." year="2003">Szyndlar and Rage (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="0B74588CB1168FADDA6089B244FCB150" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00357.x" author="Szyndlar, Z" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="393 - 406" refId="B616" refString="Szyndlar, Z, Smith, R, Rage, J-C, 2008. A new dwarf boa (Serpentes, Booidea, ' Tropidophiidae ') from the Early Oligocene of Belgium: A case of the isolation of Western European snake faunas. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 152: 393 - 406, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00357.x" title="A new dwarf boa (Serpentes, Booidea, ' Tropidophiidae ') from the Early Oligocene of Belgium: A case of the isolation of Western European snake faunas." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00357.x" volume="152" year="2008">Szyndlar et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="181B444B38E7225F3C50C5A0BB34D95D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.006" author="Smith, KT" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="157 - 182" refId="B570" refString="Smith, KT, 2013. New constraints on the evolution of the snake clades Ungaliophiinae, Loxocemidae and Colubridae (Serpentes), with comments on the fossil history of erycine boids in North America. Zoologischer Anzeiger 252: 157 - 182, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.006" title="New constraints on the evolution of the snake clades Ungaliophiinae, Loxocemidae and Colubridae (Serpentes), with comments on the fossil history of erycine boids in North America." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.006" volume="252" year="2013">Smith (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
emphasized considerably on the pattern of subcentral structures in the cloacal and caudal series of ungaliophiids.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |