treatments-xml/data/39/BB/13/39BB13CA64F054F7B933299D0FB382DB.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-222-75" ID-Pensoft-UUID="348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9" ModsDocID="1314-2003-222-75" checkinTime="1679617121532" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Maas, Paul J. M., Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje, Andre, Thiago, Skinner, David, Valderrama, Eugenio &amp; Specht, Chelsea D." docDate="2023" docId="39BB13CA64F054F7B933299D0FB382DB" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 222: 75-127" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 222" docPubDate="2023-03-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779" docTitle="Costus mollissimus Maas &amp; H. Maas 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9" masterDocTitle="Eighteen new species of Neotropical Costaceae (Zingiberales)" masterLastPageNumber="127" masterPageNumber="75" pageNumber="75" updateTime="1679617121532" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Eighteen new species of Neotropical Costaceae (Zingiberales)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Maas, Paul J. M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Botany, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Botany, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Andre, Thiago</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4148-3662</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Universidade de Brasilia, Departamento de Botanica, Campus Universitario Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasilia (DF), Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Skinner, David</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4585-925X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Le Jardin Ombrage, Tallahassee, (Private botanical garden, Botanic Gardens Conservation International - BGCI - registration ID 50148), Florida, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Valderrama, Eugenio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Cornell University, Section of Plant Biology and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium, School of Integrative Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Specht, Chelsea D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7746-512X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Cornell University, Section of Plant Biology and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium, School of Integrative Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">cdspecht@cornell.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-03-22</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>222</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>75</mods:start>
<mods:end>127</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-222-75</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:39BB13CA64F054F7B933299D0FB382DB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/39BB13CA64F054F7B933299D0FB382DB" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName LSID="39BB13CA-64F0-54F7-B933-299D0FB382DB" authority="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus mollissimus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mollissimus" status="sp. nov.">Costus mollissimus Maas &amp; H.Maas</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="75">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus mollissimus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mollissimus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus mollissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Costus mollissimus Maas &amp; H. Maas A inflorescence B ligules and sheath, showing short ligule and indument C, D cultivated plant growing in Florida, propagated from living accession 1998 GR 01567 at Utrecht Botanical Garden. Photos A, B by Paul Maas C, D by Dave Skinner." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828352" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">13</figureCitation>
) shares with 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. dirzoi" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dirzoi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. dirzoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Garcia-Mend. &amp; G.Ibarra a distinct velutinous indument on most parts of the plant, but differs by having appendaged bracts and a very short ligule. Moreover, 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. dirzoi" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dirzoi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. dirzoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has bracts with a distinct callus, absent in 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. mollissimus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mollissimus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. mollissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828352" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Figure 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus mollissimus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mollissimus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus mollissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; H.Maas 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A</emphasis>
inflorescence 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">B</emphasis>
ligules and sheath, showing short ligule and indument 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C, D</emphasis>
cultivated plant growing in Florida, propagated from living accession 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">1998GR01567</emphasis>
at Utrecht Botanical Garden. Photos 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A, B</emphasis>
by Paul Maas 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C, D</emphasis>
by Dave Skinner.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1998-11-04" collectorName="El Chich, Ishiki Ishihara, Maas, de Kamer" country="Mexico" county="Temo" elevation="850" location="Patathel" municipality="Palenque" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chiapas" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Mexico">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion country="Mexico" name="Chiapas">Chiapas</collectingRegion>
: Mun. Chilon, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="km" value="22.0">22 km</quantity>
from 
<collectingCounty>Temo</collectingCounty>
in the direction of 
<collectingMunicipality>Palenque</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
from 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:39BB13CA64F054F7B933299D0FB382DB:65071DAB14185B3F86C5DC5D50554F9B" country="Mexico" county="Temo" municipality="Palenque" name="Patathel" stateProvince="Chiapas">Patathel</location>
, near 
<collectorName>
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:39BB13CA64F054F7B933299D0FB382DB:ACA4308B7EDF45C3B0AD0C9BE2437B80" country="Mexico" county="Temo" municipality="Palenque" name="El Chich" stateProvince="Chiapas">El Chich</location>
</collectorName>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="m" value="850.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="m" value="850.0">850 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1998-11-04">4 Nov 1998</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<collectorName>Ishiki Ishihara</collectorName>
</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<collectorName>Maas</collectorName>
&amp; 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:39BB13CA64F054F7B933299D0FB382DB:451A2EE828102459D412E163E0BE0C87" country="Mexico" county="Temo" municipality="Palenque" name="Maas-van de Kamer" stateProvince="Chiapas">
Maas-van 
<collectorName>de Kamer</collectorName>
</location>
2400
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
L, 2 sheets: L4368349 &amp; L436835; isotype ECOSUR)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Herb</emphasis>
0.5-2.5 m tall. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Leaves</emphasis>
sheaths 12-15 mm diam; ligule truncate, 1-4 mm long; petiole 10-15 mm long; sheaths, ligule and petiole densely velutinous; lamina narrowly elliptic, sometimes elliptic, 18-36 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6-13 cm, slightly 5-8-plicate, adaxially shiny, glabrous, abaxially densely velutinous, base acute, obtuse, to cordate, apex acuminate (acumen 5-15 mm long). 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Inflorescence</emphasis>
cylindric to subglobose, 5-13.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4-5 cm, terminating a leafy shoot; bracts, appendages of bracts, bracteole, calyx, ovary, and capsule densely velutinous. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Flowers</emphasis>
abaxially oriented; bracts green, red, or pink, coriaceous, broadly elliptic, 2-2.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-3 cm; appendages green, foliaceous, patent to slightly reflexed, triangular to broadly triangular, 0.5-3.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.2-2.5 cm, apex acute to obtuse; bracteole boat-shaped, 16-20 mm long; calyx red to pink, 9-10 mm long, lobes broadly to shallowly triangular, 2-5 mm long, with a hairy tuft at the apex; corolla cream, yellow, or pale orange, 50-60 mm long, densely velutinous, lobes narrowly elliptic, 30-40 mm long; labellum yellow, distal edge horizontally spreading, broadly obovate, 30-40 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
40-50 mm, lateral lobes dark red with yellow venation, middle lobe reflexed with yellow honey mark, margin dentate; stamen yellow, 30-35 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
10-12 mm, not exceeding the labellum, apex red, slightly 3-dentate, anther ca. 8 mm long. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Capsule</emphasis>
broadly obovoid to obovoid, 12-17 mm long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Veracruz) (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner &amp; Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas &amp; H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner &amp; Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas &amp; D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht &amp; H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas &amp; H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas &amp; H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner &amp; Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas &amp; H. Maas." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828361" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">22B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
In forests (a.o. &quot;selva baja/alta perennifolia&quot;) with 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Brosimum" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Brosimum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Brosimum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bursera" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Bursera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Calophyllaceae" genus="Calophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calophyllum" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Calophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1860" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cymbopetalum" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cymbopetalum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Cymbopetalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Dialium" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dialium" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Dialium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ficus" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Ficus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Tapirira" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tapirira" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Tapirira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., and 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Elaeocarpaceae" genus="Sloanea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sloanea tuerckheimii" order="Oxalidales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tuerckheimii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Sloanea tuerckheimii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Donn.Sm., at elevations of 200-1000(-1500) m. Flowering year-round.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="vernacular name">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Vernacular name.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Mexico: Apagafuego.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
This species is named after its very soft indument on the abaxial surface of the lamina, the word 
<normalizedToken originalValue="“mollis”">&quot;mollis&quot;</normalizedToken>
meaning soft in Latin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="paratypes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Mexico. Chiapas</emphasis>
: Mun. Solosuchiapa, 3-5 km above Solosuchiapa, along road to Tapilula, 450 m, 26 Jul 1972, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Breedlove 26463</emphasis>
(MO); Mun. Ixcomitan, 2 km E of Ixcomitan, road from Villahermosa to Tuxtla Gutierrez, 550 m, 11 Feb 1983, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
Salas et al. 3160
</emphasis>
(MEXU); Mun. Pichucalco, 10-12 km S of Pichucalco, 8 Mar 1983, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Ramamoorthy et al. 1790</emphasis>
(MEXU); NW end of Valley of Chiapas on road to Mal Paso, 41 km (by road) NW of Ocozocoautla, 350 m, 4-5 Aug 1965, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Roe et al. 928</emphasis>
(WIS). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Oaxaca</emphasis>
: Mun. Santa 
<normalizedToken originalValue="María">Maria</normalizedToken>
Chimalapa, Arroyo Milagrito, ca. 6 km SE of Santa Maria, 1 km from Vereda, which passes Arroyo Sanate, 230 m, 30 Aug 1984, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hernández">Hernandez</normalizedToken>
G. 387
</emphasis>
(MEXU, MO); Mun. Santa 
<normalizedToken originalValue="María">Maria</normalizedToken>
Chimalapa, ca. 15 km ESE of Santa 
<normalizedToken originalValue="María">Maria</normalizedToken>
, Vereda near Arroyo Plata, loma S of 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Milagro, 400 m, 3 Sep 1985, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hernández">Hernandez</normalizedToken>
G. 1435
</emphasis>
(MEXU, MO). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Tabasco</emphasis>
: near San Manuel, S of village along 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Mezcalapa, 11 Sep 1944, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Gilli &amp; Hernandez Xolocotzi 97</emphasis>
(MEXU). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Veracruz</emphasis>
: Las Cruces, Las Choapas, 250 m, 14 Jul 1970, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Nevling &amp; Gomez-Pompa 1526</emphasis>
(F).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus mollissimus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mollissimus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus mollissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. superficially resembles 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. dirzoi" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dirzoi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. dirzoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="García-Mend">Garcia-Mend</normalizedToken>
. &amp; G.Ibarra, as both share the velutinous indument all over the plant, but differs in having bracts with foliaceous, green appendages and a shorter ligule (1-4 mm vs. 3-12 mm long). 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus dirzoi" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dirzoi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus dirzoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has bracts with a distinct callus that is absent in 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. mollissimus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mollissimus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. mollissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
In 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Maas’">Maas'</normalizedToken>
treatment of 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Costaceae</taxonomicName>
(&quot; 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Costoideae">Costoideae</taxonomicName>
&quot;) for Flora Neotropica (
<bibRefCitation author="Maas, PJM" journalOrPublisher="Flora Neotropica Monograph" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 140" refId="B15" refString="Maas, PJM, 1972. Costoideae (Zingiberaceae). Flora Neotropica Monograph 8: 1 - 140" title="Costoideae (Zingiberaceae)." volume="8" year="1972">Maas 1972</bibRefCitation>
: 57), this species was erroneously included in 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. guanaiensis" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guanaiensis">C. guanaiensis</taxonomicName>
Rusby as var. 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus guanaiensis var. tarmicus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="guanaiensis" variety="tarmicus">Costus guanaiensis tarmicus</taxonomicName>
(Loes.) Maas.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>