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<document id="B7893667952B89C32FFC36BED5664D8F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3737.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="742ba76f-bc63-4c9c-9295-d44db8f8d286" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="285197" ID-ZooBank="BF23F07F-4EBC-4309-9504-5AEF8ACDCFB4" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460699480057" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius &amp; Schuster, Jack" docDate="2013" docId="03A887F02F1CFFB0FF69FC65B589FEDC" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03737p023.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3737 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Stigmella nigriverticella Chambers 1875" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="FF91FF882F1DFFB4FFFEFFC5B627FF9C" masterDocTitle="First discovery of Quercus feeding Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) in Central America" masterLastPageNumber="23" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1698354181571" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="FA2ABA543DFEB8181A1CBD1120463CB9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="2B3AC3FCBAABCD855E1F29E38B3E30BA">
<mods:title id="59D1B6EFCDF8E1D3DFE3086496B159B0">First discovery of Quercus feeding Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) in Central America</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="6C5DEEADEF3187939BBB6100228A2914" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="628E35320C3017E659FF41DAC9635E30">Stonis, Jonas R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="2EFD47130F11C1C06C955A0E7CCB3CB2" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="2B5964586A38BF621C5BD5F2896AD77E">Diškus, Arūnas</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="56293A5885D45A49B58BCEDB74FF7E23" type="personal">
<mods:role id="FAD5B67347F5C1F0AE9F0BF4BB655F0B">
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<mods:namePart id="DFD900E651EC586706CB962F513779DE">Remeikis, Andrius</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="0A62AC20F5B81F72E724C89E568550CA">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="588877ADE5F0323D0D7735E7D4886C1B">Schuster, Jack</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="BCA392D691C72A5B6CC36CE96A113FFA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="F3F17F7E5E7969502BB78D1B1FD0E3A7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C256FBBFC8C8049D6451BCB7DE129387">
<mods:date id="0A9D7674F5112EBD700B1FD0F852B03A">2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="E31D0DD48F96842D1CF982B46611E007" type="volume">
<mods:number id="94E873DB93150E34CBF1AC42B49D79C2">3737</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="8B54A3CD3F62C43363C5DC7D40A210FD" type="issue">
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<mods:classification id="C066021370C50BDA4229F5E46B618B2C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="8B890071E0027FD4EBFE0F0D0B5F6349" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3737.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="009C2EDB2152B19B0931CC8EA0226758" type="GBIF-Dataset">742ba76f-bc63-4c9c-9295-d44db8f8d286</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9FC4A93BE05F714B4989983C0BAB2B44" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0C28A927C20784ED5C6C64F33D04042D" type="Zenodo-Dep">285197</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B1AE0AC829F7E9D834798FD86B5DA205" type="ZooBank">BF23F07F-4EBC-4309-9504-5AEF8ACDCFB4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A887F02F1CFFB0FF69FC65B589FEDC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3506982" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127666402" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3506982" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A887F02F1CFFB0FF69FC65B589FEDC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A887F02F1CFFB0FF69FC65B589FEDC" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<subSubSection id="C31B656D2F1CFFB5FF69FC65B420FC41" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBE36E62F1CFFB5FF69FC65B4B9FC27" blockId="1.[151,670,928,989]" box="[151,670,928,955]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<heading id="D0F6818A2F1CFFB5FF69FC65B4B9FC27" bold="true" box="[151,670,928,955]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C014D652F1CFFB5FF69FC65B4B9FC27" ID-CoL="52M7D" authority="Chambers, 1875" authorityName="Chambers" authorityYear="1875" box="[151,670,928,955]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriverticella">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1CFFB5FF69FC65B4B9FC27" bold="true" box="[151,670,928,955]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1CFFB5FF69FC65B79FFC26" bold="true" box="[151,440,928,954]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Stigmella nigriverticella</emphasis>
(Chambers, 1875)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE36E62F1CFFB5FF69FC01B420FC41" blockId="1.[151,670,928,989]" box="[151,519,964,989]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
(
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F1CFFB5FF61FC01B6C2FC40" box="[159,229,964,989]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[175,1410,195,1713]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1715]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Major collecting localities and distribution of the species discovered in Guatemala. 1, distribution of Stigmella nigriverticella (Chambers); 2, distribution of the new Stigmella species; 3, Quetzaltenango, 14 ° 47 ' 27 &quot; N, 91 ° 32 ' 09 &quot; W, montane mixed forests at elevation 2500 m; 4, same, moist broadleaf tropical forest at elevation 2000 m; 5, Santa Cruz del Quiché, 15 ° 01 ' 22 '' N, 91 ° 10 ' 17 '' W, elevation ca 2020 m; 6, Panajachel, 14 ° 45 ' 06 '' N, 91 ° 09 ' 43 '' W, elevation ca. 1660 m (Maps – courtesy of T. Patterson, USA)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285198/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F1CFFB5FF0DFC01B709FC40" box="[243,302,964,988]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 12" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[174,1419,195,1714]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1715]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 12. Bionomics of Stigmella nigriverticella (Chambers). 7 – 9, leaf-mines; 10, major host-plant Quercus crassifolia Humb. &amp; Bonpl.; 11, other host-plant Q. crispipilis Trel; 12, habitat, montane mixed forest at elevation 2500 m." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285199/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">7–12</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F1CFFB5FEC7FC01B78BFC40" box="[313,428,964,988]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 37" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1736,1759]" captionTargetBox="[162,1422,195,1715]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,195,1715]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 37. Details of Stigmella species discovered in Guatemala. 30, cocoon of S. nigriverticella (Chambers); 31, cocoon of S. jaguari Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov.; 32, 33, adults of S. nigriverticella (Chambers); 34, same, underside of forewing with the elongated yellow-cream spot; 35 – 37, forewing of S. jaguari Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. Scale 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285203/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">30, 32–34</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F1CFFB5FE49FC01B7D8FC41" box="[439,511,964,989]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 46 – 50" captionStart-1="FIGURES 51 – 54" captionStartId-0="12.[151,264,1736,1759]" captionStartId-1="13.[151,264,1734,1757]" captionTargetBox-0="[193,1412,193,1694]" captionTargetBox-1="[200,1410,207,1712]" captionTargetId-0="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1713]" captionTargetId-1="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1713]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionText-0="FIGURES 46 – 50. Male genitalia of Stigmella nigriverticella (Chambers), Guatemala; 46, 47, general view, genitalia slide no. RA 486. Scale 100 µm; 48, general view, genitalia slide no. RA 485. Scale 100 µm; 49, gnathos, genitalia slide no. RA 486. Scale 50 µm; 50, aedeagus, genitalia slide no. AD 516. Scale 100 µm." captionText-1="FIGURES 51 – 54. Female genitalia of Stigmella nigriverticella (Chambers), genitalia slide no. RA 483. 51, general view. Scale 300 µm; 52, caudal part with apophyses. Scale 100 µm; 53, corpus bursae with signa. Scale 200 µm; 54, details of signa. Scale 50 µm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/285205/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/285206/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">46–54</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B656D2F1CFFB5FF69FBC3B499FB33" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BBE36E62F1CFFB5FF69FBC3B499FB33" blockId="1.[151,1436,1030,2027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1CFFB5FF69FBC3B75CFB83" bold="true" box="[151,379,1030,1055]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Material examined</emphasis>
.
<specimenCount id="9D07FD6F2F1CFFB5FE75FBC3B797FB83" box="[395,432,1030,1055]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="generic">6♂</specimenCount>
, 14♀,
<collectingCountry id="F31676762F1CFFB5FE01FBC3B45CFB83" box="[511,635,1030,1055]" name="Guatemala" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
, Quetzaltenango,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3550212F1CFFB5FCB6FBC2B5E9FB83" box="[840,974,1031,1055]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="15" value="14.790833">14°47'27&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3550212F1CFFB5FC22FBC2B241FB83" box="[988,1126,1031,1055]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="15" value="-91.535835">91°32'09&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, mining larvae on
<taxonomicName id="4C014D652F1CFFB5FAC0FBC2B3BBFB82" box="[1342,1436,1031,1054]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1CFFB5FAC0FBC2B3BBFB82" box="[1342,1436,1031,1054]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.,
<quantity id="4CF99B032F1CFFB5FF2BFBEFB709FBDE" box="[213,302,1066,1091]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="2500.0">2500 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFBF10262F1CFFB5FEC3FBEFB796FBDF" box="[317,433,1066,1091]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2012-02-08">08.ii.2012</date>
, field card no. 5120, LT-GT Scientific Expedition, genitalia slides nos RA483, RA484, RA485, RA486, RA487, RA488, RA490 (ZMUC);
<specimenCount id="9D07FD6F2F1CFFB5FD19FB8AB52AFBFB" box="[743,781,1103,1127]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="generic">2♂</specimenCount>
, Panajachel,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3550212F1CFFB5FC5AFB8BB20EFBFB" box="[932,1065,1102,1127]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="15" value="14.751667">14°45'06''N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3550212F1CFFB5FBC8FB8AB299FBFB" box="[1078,1214,1103,1127]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="15" value="-91.16195">91°09'43''W</geoCoordinate>
, elevation ca.
<quantity id="4CF99B032F1CFFB5FA9AFB8BB688FB16" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.657" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="1657.0">1657 m</quantity>
, montane forest, larva on
<taxonomicName id="4C014D652F1CFFB5FE18FBB6B463FB16" box="[486,580,1139,1162]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1CFFB5FE18FBB6B463FB16" box="[486,580,1139,1162]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.,
<date id="FFBF10262F1CFFB5FD71FBB7B525FB17" box="[655,770,1138,1163]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2012-02-22">22.ii.2012</date>
, ex pupa
<date id="FFBF10262F1CFFB5FC87FBB7B5F5FB17" box="[889,978,1138,1163]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2012-03">iii.2012</date>
, LT-GT Scientific Expedition, genitalia slides nos AD516, AD514 (from pupa) (ZMUC).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B656D2F1CFFB5FF39FB7FB321F9C3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BBE36E62F1CFFB5FF39FB7FB20EFA87" blockId="1.[151,1436,1030,2027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1CFFB5FF39FB7FB766FB4F" bold="true" box="[199,321,1210,1235]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The male genitalia differ from
<taxonomicName id="4C014D652F1CFFB5FD49FB7EB29CFB4F" authority="Chambers 1875" authorityName="Chambers" authorityYear="1875" box="[695,1211,1210,1235]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castaneaefoliella">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1CFFB5FD49FB7EB5CEFB4F" box="[695,1001,1211,1235]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Stigmella castaneaefoliella</emphasis>
(Chambers 1875)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C014D652F1CFFB5FB06FB7EB70AFB6B" authority="Braun 1914" authorityName="Braun" authorityYear="1914" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipedella">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1CFFB5FB06FB7EB3BBFB4F" box="[1272,1436,1211,1235]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">S. flavipedella</emphasis>
(Braun 1914)
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of cornuti. From all other species of the
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1CFFB5FC5FFB1BB22FFB6A" box="[929,1032,1246,1270]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">saginella</emphasis>
group, it differs by the combination of elaborated gnathos, narrow uncus, relatively slender valva and X-shaped juxta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE36E62F1CFFB5FF39FAE3B321F9C3" blockId="1.[151,1436,1030,2027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1CFFB5FF39FAE3B723FAA3" bold="true" box="[199,260,1318,1343]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F1CFFB5FEE9FAE3B7B9FAA3" box="[279,414,1318,1343]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 37" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1736,1759]" captionTargetBox="[162,1422,195,1715]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,195,1715]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 37. Details of Stigmella species discovered in Guatemala. 30, cocoon of S. nigriverticella (Chambers); 31, cocoon of S. jaguari Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov.; 32, 33, adults of S. nigriverticella (Chambers); 34, same, underside of forewing with the elongated yellow-cream spot; 35 – 37, forewing of S. jaguari Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. Scale 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285203/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs 32–34</figureCitation>
). Forewing length 2.2–3.0 mm; wingspan 4.8–6.4 mm. Head: palpi cream to yellowish cream; frontal tuft always black on vertex, sometimes yellowish cream in frontal part; collar and scape yellowish cream, occasionally greyish cream; antenna with 27–30 segments, slightly longer than half of forewing; flagellum grey-brown or blackish on upper side, grey-cream to grey on underside. Thorax yellowish cream; tegulae black in front. Forewings yellow-cream with black markings (the pattern may considerably vary; see figs 32, 33); cilia grey to fuscous (on tornus) to cream (on apex); underside of forewing usually blackish, sometime grey-cream to dark grey, but always with elongated yellow-cream spot on forewing apex (
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F1CFFB5FC4AFA3BB22EF98B" box="[948,1033,1534,1559]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 37" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1736,1759]" captionTargetBox="[162,1422,195,1715]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,195,1715]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 37. Details of Stigmella species discovered in Guatemala. 30, cocoon of S. nigriverticella (Chambers); 31, cocoon of S. jaguari Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov.; 32, 33, adults of S. nigriverticella (Chambers); 34, same, underside of forewing with the elongated yellow-cream spot; 35 – 37, forewing of S. jaguari Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. Scale 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285203/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
). Hindwings and cilia of hindwings vary from usually grey to dark grey. Legs dark grey or black on upper side, yellowish cream on underside. Abdomen black to dark grey on upper side, yellow-cream on underside; anal tufts cream to pale grey.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B656D2F1CFFB7FF39F9AFB74CF84A" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBE36E62F1CFFB5FF39F9AFB26DF93B" blockId="1.[151,1436,1030,2027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1CFFB5FF39F9AFB739F91F" bold="true" box="[199,286,1642,1667]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Female</emphasis>
. Antenna with ca. 26–28 segments. Abdomen vary from yellow-cream to blackish grey on upper side, yellow-cream on underside; anal tufts cream to yellowish cream. Otherwise as male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE36E62F1CFFB5FF39F977B4B8F8C7" blockId="1.[151,1436,1030,2027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1CFFB5FF39F977B751F957" bold="true" box="[199,374,1714,1739]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F1CFFB5FE77F977B435F957" box="[393,530,1714,1739]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 50" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1736,1759]" captionTargetBox="[193,1412,193,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1713]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 50. Male genitalia of Stigmella nigriverticella (Chambers), Guatemala; 46, 47, general view, genitalia slide no. RA 486. Scale 100 µm; 48, general view, genitalia slide no. RA 485. Scale 100 µm; 49, gnathos, genitalia slide no. RA 486. Scale 50 µm; 50, aedeagus, genitalia slide no. AD 516. Scale 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285205/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs 46–50</figureCitation>
). Capsule longer (250–270 µm) than wide (200–220 µm). Vinculum without lateral lobes, ventral plate short (35–40 µm). Uncus with short thickened lateral lobes. Gnathos with two caudal, 35–40 µm long processes (
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F1CFFB5FE31F93FB400F88F" box="[463,551,1786,1811]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 50" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1736,1759]" captionTargetBox="[193,1412,193,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1713]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 50. Male genitalia of Stigmella nigriverticella (Chambers), Guatemala; 46, 47, general view, genitalia slide no. RA 486. Scale 100 µm; 48, general view, genitalia slide no. RA 485. Scale 100 µm; 49, gnathos, genitalia slide no. RA 486. Scale 50 µm; 50, aedeagus, genitalia slide no. AD 516. Scale 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285205/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
). Valva (
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F1CFFB5FD70F93FB533F88F" box="[654,788,1786,1811]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 50" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1736,1759]" captionTargetBox="[193,1412,193,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1713]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 50. Male genitalia of Stigmella nigriverticella (Chambers), Guatemala; 46, 47, general view, genitalia slide no. RA 486. Scale 100 µm; 48, general view, genitalia slide no. RA 485. Scale 100 µm; 49, gnathos, genitalia slide no. RA 486. Scale 50 µm; 50, aedeagus, genitalia slide no. AD 516. Scale 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285205/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs 47, 48</figureCitation>
) 200–205 µm long, with numerous long chaetae; apical process weakly individualized; transtilla with very short sublateral processes. Juxta X-shaped (
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F1CFFB5FB3AF8DBB33EF8AB" box="[1220,1305,1822,1847]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 50" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1736,1759]" captionTargetBox="[193,1412,193,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1713]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 50. Male genitalia of Stigmella nigriverticella (Chambers), Guatemala; 46, 47, general view, genitalia slide no. RA 486. Scale 100 µm; 48, general view, genitalia slide no. RA 485. Scale 100 µm; 49, gnathos, genitalia slide no. RA 486. Scale 50 µm; 50, aedeagus, genitalia slide no. AD 516. Scale 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285205/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
). Aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F1CFFB5FF61F887B6D6F8C7" box="[159,241,1858,1883]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 50" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1736,1759]" captionTargetBox="[193,1412,193,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1713]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 50. Male genitalia of Stigmella nigriverticella (Chambers), Guatemala; 46, 47, general view, genitalia slide no. RA 486. Scale 100 µm; 48, general view, genitalia slide no. RA 485. Scale 100 µm; 49, gnathos, genitalia slide no. RA 486. Scale 50 µm; 50, aedeagus, genitalia slide no. AD 516. Scale 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285205/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
) 170 µm long; vesica without cornuti.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE36E62F1CFFB5FF39F8A3B46FF877" blockId="1.[151,1436,1030,2027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1CFFB5FF39F8A3B7ACF8E3" bold="true" box="[199,395,1894,1919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Female genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F1CFFB5FE64F8A3B431F8E3" box="[410,534,1894,1919]" captionStart="FIGURES 51 – 54" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1734,1757]" captionTargetBox="[200,1410,207,1712]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1713]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 51 – 54. Female genitalia of Stigmella nigriverticella (Chambers), genitalia slide no. RA 483. 51, general view. Scale 300 µm; 52, caudal part with apophyses. Scale 100 µm; 53, corpus bursae with signa. Scale 200 µm; 54, details of signa. Scale 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285206/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs51–54</figureCitation>
). Total length 1055 µm. Apophyses anteriores (about 110 µm) much shorter than apophyses posteriores (about 145µm) (
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F1CFFB5FDB7F84FB4BBF83F" box="[585,668,1930,1955]" captionStart="FIGURES 51 – 54" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1734,1757]" captionTargetBox="[200,1410,207,1712]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1713]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 51 – 54. Female genitalia of Stigmella nigriverticella (Chambers), genitalia slide no. RA 483. 51, general view. Scale 300 µm; 52, caudal part with apophyses. Scale 100 µm; 53, corpus bursae with signa. Scale 200 µm; 54, details of signa. Scale 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285206/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 52</figureCitation>
). Vestibulum relatively narrow, without sclerites. Accessory sac very small. Corpus bursae oval, 590–600 µm, covered with numerous pectinations and with long (360–375µm), strongly chitinized signa (
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F1CFFB5FE47F817B41BF877" box="[441,572,2002,2027]" captionStart="FIGURES 51 – 54" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1734,1757]" captionTargetBox="[200,1410,207,1712]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1713]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 51 – 54. Female genitalia of Stigmella nigriverticella (Chambers), genitalia slide no. RA 483. 51, general view. Scale 300 µm; 52, caudal part with apophyses. Scale 100 µm; 53, corpus bursae with signa. Scale 200 µm; 54, details of signa. Scale 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285206/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs 53, 54</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7E666E2F1FFFB6FF69F90EB754F8FE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285198/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" targetBox="[175,1410,195,1713]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BBE36E62F1FFFB6FF69F90EB754F8FE" blockId="2.[151,1436,1739,1890]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1FFFB6FF69F90EB71DF97D" bold="true" box="[151,314,1739,1762]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FIGURES 1–6.</emphasis>
Major collecting localities and distribution of the species discovered in Guatemala. 1, distribution of
<taxonomicName id="4C014D652F1FFFB6FAC3F909B78EF89E" authority="Chambers" authorityName="Chambers" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriverticella">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1FFFB6FAC3F909B70FF89E" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Stigmella nigriverticella</emphasis>
(Chambers)
</taxonomicName>
; 2, distribution of the new
<taxonomicName id="4C014D652F1FFFB6FD46F929B530F89E" box="[696,791,1772,1794]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1FFFB6FD46F929B530F89E" box="[696,791,1772,1794]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Stigmella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species; 3, Quetzaltenango, 14°47'27&quot;N, 91°32'09&quot;W, montane mixed forests at elevation 2500 m; 4, same, moist broadleaf tropical forest at elevation 2000 m; 5, Santa Cruz del Quiché, 15°01'22''N, 91°10'17''W, elevation ca 2020 m; 6, Panajachel, 14°45'06''N, 91°09'43''W, elevation ca. 1660 m (Maps – courtesy of T.Patterson, USA).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7E666E2F1EFFB7FF69F90EB323F89C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285199/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" targetBox="[174,1419,195,1714]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BBE36E62F1EFFB7FF69F90EB323F89C" blockId="3.[151,1436,1739,1792]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1EFFB7FF69F90EB761F97D" bold="true" box="[151,326,1739,1762]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FIGURES 7–12.</emphasis>
Bionomics of
<taxonomicName id="4C014D652F1EFFB7FE25F909B576F97E" authority="Chambers" authorityName="Chambers" box="[475,849,1740,1762]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriverticella">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1EFFB7FE25F909B4F6F97E" box="[475,721,1740,1762]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Stigmella nigriverticella</emphasis>
(Chambers)
</taxonomicName>
. 7–9, leaf-mines; 10, major host-plant
<taxonomicName id="4C014D652F1EFFB7FB28F909B762F89C" authority="Humb. &amp; Bonpl." authorityName="Humb. &amp; Bonpl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassifolia">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1EFFB7FB28F909B3BBF97E" box="[1238,1436,1740,1762]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Quercus crassifolia</emphasis>
Humb. &amp; Bonpl.
</taxonomicName>
; 11, other host-plant
<taxonomicName id="4C014D652F1EFFB7FDE7F92EB4F6F89C" authority="Trel" authorityName="Trel" box="[537,721,1770,1792]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crispipilis">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1EFFB7FDE7F92EB4BAF89C" box="[537,669,1770,1792]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Q. crispipilis</emphasis>
Trel
</taxonomicName>
; 12, habitat, montane mixed forest at elevation 2500 m.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBE36E62F1EFFB7FF39F8E8B74CF84A" blockId="3.[151,1437,1837,2006]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1EFFB7FF39F8E8B76DF8DA" bold="true" box="[199,330,1837,1862]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Bionomics.</emphasis>
Mines in leaves (
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F1EFFB7FDF1F8E8B451F8DA" box="[527,630,1837,1862]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 12" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[174,1419,195,1714]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1715]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 12. Bionomics of Stigmella nigriverticella (Chambers). 7 – 9, leaf-mines; 10, major host-plant Quercus crassifolia Humb. &amp; Bonpl.; 11, other host-plant Q. crispipilis Trel; 12, habitat, montane mixed forest at elevation 2500 m." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285199/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 7–9</figureCitation>
). Host-plants:
<taxonomicName id="4C014D652F1EFFB7FCE6F8EBB551F8D9" box="[792,886,1838,1861]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1EFFB7FCE6F8EBB551F8D9" box="[792,886,1838,1861]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp., incl.
<taxonomicName id="4C014D652F1EFFB7FC0EF8EBB36CF8DA" authority="Humb. &amp; Bonpl." authorityName="Humb. &amp; Bonpl." box="[1008,1355,1837,1862]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassifolia">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1EFFB7FC0EF8EBB2AFF8D9" box="[1008,1160,1837,1861]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Q. crassifolia</emphasis>
Humb. &amp; Bonpl.
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C014D652F1EFFB7FA7FF8EBB76FF8F6" authority="Trel." authorityName="Trel." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crispipilis">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F1EFFB7FA7FF8EBB720F8F5" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Q. crispipilis</emphasis>
Trel.
</taxonomicName>
(section Lobatae) in
<collectingCountry id="F31676762F1EFFB7FDB6F894B4E6F8F6" box="[584,705,1873,1898]" name="Guatemala" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F1EFFB7FD2AF894B57AF8F6" box="[724,861,1873,1898]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 12" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[174,1419,195,1714]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1715]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 12. Bionomics of Stigmella nigriverticella (Chambers). 7 – 9, leaf-mines; 10, major host-plant Quercus crassifolia Humb. &amp; Bonpl.; 11, other host-plant Q. crispipilis Trel; 12, habitat, montane mixed forest at elevation 2500 m." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285199/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 10, 11</figureCitation>
). Egg on upper side of the leaf. Larvae mine in February. Sinuous gallery of mine filled with blackish frass (
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F1EFFB7FCB4F8B0B58DF812" box="[842,938,1909,1934]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 12" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[174,1419,195,1714]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1715]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 12. Bionomics of Stigmella nigriverticella (Chambers). 7 – 9, leaf-mines; 10, major host-plant Quercus crassifolia Humb. &amp; Bonpl.; 11, other host-plant Q. crispipilis Trel; 12, habitat, montane mixed forest at elevation 2500 m." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285199/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs7–9</figureCitation>
). Larva pale green, with brownish intestine. Larval exit slit on upper side of the leaf. Cocoon (
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F1EFFB7FD2DF85CB502F82E" box="[723,805,1945,1970]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 37" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1736,1759]" captionTargetBox="[162,1422,195,1715]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,195,1715]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 37. Details of Stigmella species discovered in Guatemala. 30, cocoon of S. nigriverticella (Chambers); 31, cocoon of S. jaguari Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov.; 32, 33, adults of S. nigriverticella (Chambers); 34, same, underside of forewing with the elongated yellow-cream spot; 35 – 37, forewing of S. jaguari Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. Scale 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285203/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
) whitish; length 2.4 mm, maximal width
<quantity id="4CF99B032F1EFFB7FAFEF85FB361F82D" box="[1280,1350,1946,1970]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
. Adults emerged in March.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B656D2F19FFB0FF39FF52B589FEDC" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BBE36E62F19FFB0FF39FF52B219FF48" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F19FFB0FF39FF52B77EFF2C" bold="true" box="[199,345,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F19FFB0FE92FF52B7FCFF2C" box="[364,475,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[175,1410,195,1713]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1715]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Major collecting localities and distribution of the species discovered in Guatemala. 1, distribution of Stigmella nigriverticella (Chambers); 2, distribution of the new Stigmella species; 3, Quetzaltenango, 14 ° 47 ' 27 &quot; N, 91 ° 32 ' 09 &quot; W, montane mixed forests at elevation 2500 m; 4, same, moist broadleaf tropical forest at elevation 2000 m; 5, Santa Cruz del Quiché, 15 ° 01 ' 22 '' N, 91 ° 10 ' 17 '' W, elevation ca 2020 m; 6, Panajachel, 14 ° 45 ' 06 '' N, 91 ° 09 ' 43 '' W, elevation ca. 1660 m (Maps – courtesy of T. Patterson, USA)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285198/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 1, 2</figureCitation>
).
<collectingCountry id="F31676762F19FFB0FE0AFF5DB40BFF2C" box="[500,556,152,176]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">USA</collectingCountry>
(from Cincinnati, Ohio and Pennsylvania to Texas) (Newton &amp; Wilkinson 1982);
<collectingCountry id="F31676762F19FFB0FF19FF79B747FF49" box="[231,352,188,213]" name="Guatemala" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
in montane mixed forests at elevation
<quantity id="4CF99B032F19FFB0FCEDFF79B589FF48" box="[787,942,188,213]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0774999999999997" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.655" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="2077.5" valueMax="2500.0" valueMin="1655.0">1655–2500 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F19FFB0FC42FF79B222FF48" box="[956,1029,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[175,1410,195,1713]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1715]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Major collecting localities and distribution of the species discovered in Guatemala. 1, distribution of Stigmella nigriverticella (Chambers); 2, distribution of the new Stigmella species; 3, Quetzaltenango, 14 ° 47 ' 27 &quot; N, 91 ° 32 ' 09 &quot; W, montane mixed forests at elevation 2500 m; 4, same, moist broadleaf tropical forest at elevation 2000 m; 5, Santa Cruz del Quiché, 15 ° 01 ' 22 '' N, 91 ° 10 ' 17 '' W, elevation ca 2020 m; 6, Panajachel, 14 ° 45 ' 06 '' N, 91 ° 09 ' 43 '' W, elevation ca. 1660 m (Maps – courtesy of T. Patterson, USA)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285198/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133A2A632F19FFB0FBEFFF79B217FF48" box="[1041,1072,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 12" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[174,1419,195,1714]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1715]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 12. Bionomics of Stigmella nigriverticella (Chambers). 7 – 9, leaf-mines; 10, major host-plant Quercus crassifolia Humb. &amp; Bonpl.; 11, other host-plant Q. crispipilis Trel; 12, habitat, montane mixed forest at elevation 2500 m." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285199/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">12</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE36E62F19FFB0FF39FF1AB589FEDC" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B975EAF42F19FFB0FF39FF1AB721FF64" bold="true" box="[199,262,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Note.</emphasis>
The specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F31676762F19FFB0FDEDFF1AB4ABFF64" box="[531,652,223,248]" name="Guatemala" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
strongly vary in head markings (frontal tuft from fully black to yellowish cream in frontal part) and forewing markings (see figs 32, 33). However, the male and female genitalia fully correspond with those illustrated in Newton &amp; Wilkinson (1982).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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