305 lines
35 KiB
XML
305 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="1FB0451F45C7186E6E52020B36D7EEC5" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4125.1.1" ID-CLB-Dataset="38807" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4125.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1af13aec-3c54-4a92-abdf-e4e29b97e82f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="271704" ID-ZooBank="118F4865-D89E-45EA-A210-8D61946CC37F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1465971881907" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Matz, Jess & Brower, Andrew V. Z." docDate="2016" docId="03F187D7FFAC8455FF11FEC8FF32B8C8" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4125.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4125 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Neomaenas monachus subsp. limonias Philippi 1859" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="41" masterDocId="FFC8FFAFFF8B847DFF86FFA0FFD9B918" masterDocTitle="The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes" masterLastPageNumber="108" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1698662999642" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="7095D119DFD65B33D0BEB53674A0BCEB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A8194EE94F10922E2C358A15408B9863">
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<mods:title id="2E268EC53787646783859D971AAE6D07">The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3CCC10DDA61B521298A242B2B6DE69EC">Matz, Jess</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="A2BC5510A263404C09B72F368A677E5A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="9CB6D0A8831851A7A87915DF1FEDEE82">Brower, Andrew V. Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="CDAE8B910789FA6E797CDCB0FF2BA6E9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="30CCF380762A01E61B7E3A99E5016DAA">
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<mods:date id="C897D2D1E29F33AFF7FA717E097AC008">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A403B204C0B7E4F56E2F3B37446805D1">4125</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F187D7FFAC8455FF11FEC8FF32B8C8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6070044" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120828467" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6070044" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F187D7FFAC8455FF11FEC8FF32B8C8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187D7FFAC8455FF11FEC8FF32B8C8" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<subSubSection id="C342654AFFAC845AFF11FEC8FC11B89A" box="[151,968,360,386]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FEC8FC11B89A" blockId="39.[151,968,360,386]" box="[151,968,360,386]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<heading id="D0AF81ADFFAC845AFF11FEC8FC11B89A" bold="true" box="[151,968,360,386]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFF11FEC8FC11B89A" bold="true" box="[151,968,360,386]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAC845AFF11FEC8FC8FB89A" authority="(Philippi, 1859) (Satyrus)" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1859" baseAuthorityName="Philippi" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[151,854,360,386]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neomaenas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="monachus" subSpecies="limonias">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFF11FEC8FDC1B89A" bold="true" box="[151,536,360,386]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Neomaenas monachus limonias</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B30FFAC845AFDAEFEC8FD01B89A" author="Philippi" box="[552,728,360,386]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Philippi, R. A. (1859) Descripcion de algunas nuevas especies de mariposas chilenas, principalmente de la Provincia de Valdivia. Anales de la Universidad de Chile, 16 (12), 1088 - 1114." type="journal article" year="1859">Philippi, 1859</bibRefCitation>
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||
) (
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFD77FEC8FC95B89A" bold="true" box="[753,844,360,386]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Satyrus</emphasis>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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n. comb.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C342654AFFAC845AFF11FE0FFD57BB1A" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FE0FFEF3B8FB" blockId="39.[151,1436,430,1035]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<typeStatus id="54E38863FFAC845AFF11FE0FFF14B8DC" box="[151,205,431,452]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type</typeStatus>
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||
: ?? (Rodulfo Philippi was Director of the Museo Nacional de
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<collectingCountry id="F34F7651FFAC845AFCC7FE0EFCA1B8DC" box="[833,888,430,452]" name="Chile" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Chile</collectingCountry>
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when the taxon was described, but the
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<typeStatus id="54E38863FFAC845AFA8EFE0FFAEDB8DC" box="[1288,1332,431,452]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">type</typeStatus>
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may have been lost)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FE4DFD57BB1A" blockId="39.[151,1436,430,1035]" box="[151,654,492,514]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<typeStatus id="54E38863FFAC845AFF11FE4DFF10BB1A" box="[151,201,493,514]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type</typeStatus>
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location: Valdivia, Los Ríos Province,
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<collectingCountry id="F34F7651FFAC845AFDD1FE4CFD57BB1A" box="[599,654,492,514]" name="Chile" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Chile</collectingCountry>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C342654AFFAC845AFF11FDABFE3EBB27" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FDABFE3EBB27" blockId="39.[151,1436,430,1035]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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=
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<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAC845AFF37FDABFDE8BB38" authority="Blanchard, 1852" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1852" box="[177,561,522,544]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Satyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="janirioides">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFF37FDABFEA1BB38" box="[177,376,522,544]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Satyrus janirioides</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B30FFAC845AFE02FDAAFDE8BB38" author="Blanchard" box="[388,561,522,544]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Blanchard, C. E. (1852) Orden VI: Lepidopteros. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Historia fisica y politica de Chile segun documentos adquiridos durante doce anos de residencia en ella y publicada bajo los auspicios del supremo Gobierno. Zoologia. C. Gay, Paris, pp. 1 - 112, pls. 1 - 7 (1854)" type="journal article" year="1852">Blanchard, 1852</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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preocc. (not
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<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAC845AFD4FFDABFB5DBB38" authority="Herrich-Schaffer, 1851" authorityName="Herrich-Schaffer" authorityYear="1851" box="[713,1156,522,544]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Satyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="janiroides">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFD4FFDABFC5EBB38" box="[713,903,522,544]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Satyrus janiroides</emphasis>
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Herrich-Schäffer, 1851
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</taxonomicName>
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, a species now placed in
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<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAC845AFF41FD8AFEC1BB27" ID-CoL="92LL8" box="[199,280,554,575]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Pyronia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFF41FD8AFEC1BB27" box="[199,280,554,575]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Pyronia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—See
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B30FFAC845AFEDDFD8AFE39BB27" author="Lamas" box="[347,480,553,575]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Lamas, G. (2010) Nomenclatural notes on Sayrinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). SHILAP Revista Lepidoptera, 38, 197 - 204." type="journal article" year="2010">Lamas, 2010</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C342654AFFAC845AFF11FDE8FEBCBB64" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FDE8FC7EBB46" blockId="39.[151,1436,430,1035]" box="[151,935,584,606]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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||
<typeStatus id="54E38863FFAC845AFF11FDE8FF20BB46" box="[151,249,584,606]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: (female)
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<collectionCode id="ED49AE04FFAC845AFED8FDE9FE77BB46" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[350,430,585,606]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">MNHN</collectionCode>
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, Paris, genitalia prep. No. 4146 (photo examined)
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FDC7FEBCBB64" blockId="39.[151,1436,430,1035]" box="[151,357,614,636]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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||
<typeStatus id="54E38863FFAC845AFF11FDC7FF10BB64" box="[151,201,615,636]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type</typeStatus>
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||
location:
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<collectingCountry id="F34F7651FFAC845AFEA8FDC6FEBCBB64" box="[302,357,614,636]" name="Chile" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Chile</collectingCountry>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C342654AFFAC845AFF11FD26FDA4BB83" box="[151,637,645,667]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FD26FDA4BB83" blockId="39.[151,1436,430,1035]" box="[151,637,645,667]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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||
=
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<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAC845AFF2DFD25FDA4BB83" authority="C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867" authorityName="C. Felder & R. Felder" authorityYear="1867" box="[171,637,645,667]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Epinephele" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dryas">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFF2DFD25FE82BB83" box="[171,347,645,667]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Epinephele dryas</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B30FFAC845AFEE4FD25FDA4BB83" author="Felder" box="[354,637,645,667]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Felder, C. & Felder, R. (1867) Reise der osterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1859, 1859 unter den Befehlen des Commodore B. von Wullensdorf - Urbair. Zoologischer Thiel. Zweiter Band. Zweite Abteilung: Lepidoptera. Carl Gerold's Sohn, Wien, 536 + 9 pp., 74 pls." type="book" year="1867">C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C342654AFFAC845AFF41FD04FEBCBBC0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF41FD04FCDCBBA2" blockId="39.[151,1436,430,1035]" box="[199,773,676,698]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<typeStatus id="54E38863FFAC845AFF41FD04FEF0BBA2" box="[199,297,676,698]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
: (male)
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<collectionCode id="ED49AE04FFAC845AFEFDFD05FE1EBBA2" box="[379,455,677,698]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">BMNH</collectionCode>
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||
#809782 (specimen examined)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FD63FEBCBBC0" blockId="39.[151,1436,430,1035]" box="[151,357,706,728]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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||
<typeStatus id="54E38863FFAC845AFF11FD63FF10BBC0" box="[151,201,707,728]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type</typeStatus>
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||
location:
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<collectingCountry id="F34F7651FFAC845AFEA8FD62FEBCBBC0" box="[302,357,706,728]" name="Chile" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Chile</collectingCountry>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C342654AFFAC845AFF11FD42FCADBA2C" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FD42FD1DBBEF" blockId="39.[151,1436,430,1035]" box="[151,708,737,759]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
=
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAC845AFF2DFD41FD96BBEF" authority="W.F. Kirby, 1871" authorityName="W.F. Kirby" authorityYear="1871" box="[171,591,737,759]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Epinephele" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanchardii">
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||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFF2DFD41FE41BBEF" box="[171,408,737,759]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Epinephele blanchardii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B30FFAC845AFE19FD42FD96BBEF" author="Kirby" box="[415,591,737,759]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1871) A Synonymic Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera. John Van Voorst, London, vii + 690 pp." type="book" year="1871">W.F. Kirby, 1871</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, repl. name
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FCA1FD3FBA0E" blockId="39.[151,1436,430,1035]" box="[151,742,768,790]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
=
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAC845AFF2DFCA0FE48BA0E" box="[171,401,768,790]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Epinephele" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="janirioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFF2DFCA0FE48BA0E" box="[171,401,768,790]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Epinephele janirioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAC845AFE1EFCA1FD3FBA0E" authority="Silva, 1916" authorityName="Silva" authorityYear="1916" box="[408,742,768,790]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="variety" variety="quinquepunctata">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFE45FCA1FDB4BA0E" box="[451,621,769,790]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">quinquepunctata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B30FFAC845AFDF5FCA0FD3FBA0E" author="Silva" box="[627,742,768,790]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Silva, C. (1916) Contribucion al conocimiento del genero Epinephele Hubner et Auctt. Revista chilena de Historia natural, 20 (1 / 2), 29 - 35." type="journal article" year="1916">Silva, 1916</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FCBFFCADBA2C" blockId="39.[151,1436,430,1035]" box="[151,884,798,820]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E38863FFAC845AFF11FCBFFED9BA2C" box="[151,256,799,820]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: MNHN, Santiago de
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||
<collectingCountry id="F34F7651FFAC845AFE66FCBEFDC3BA2C" box="[480,538,798,820]" name="Chile" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E38863FFAC845AFDA2FCBFFD8FBA2C" box="[548,598,799,820]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type</typeStatus>
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||
No. 4043 (photo examined)
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C342654AFFAC845AFF11FC9EFD4FBA4B" box="[151,662,829,851]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FC9EFD4FBA4B" blockId="39.[151,1436,430,1035]" box="[151,662,829,851]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E38863FFAC845AFF11FC9EFF10BA4B" box="[151,201,830,851]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
location: Lautaro, Araucanía Province,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34F7651FFAC845AFDD9FC9DFD4FBA4B" box="[607,662,829,851]" name="Chile" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C342654AFFAC845AFF11FCFDFC7EBD13" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FCFDFD08BA6A" blockId="39.[151,1436,430,1035]" box="[151,721,860,882]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAC845AFF2DFCFCFEA3BA6A" box="[171,378,860,882]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Epinephele" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limonias">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFF2DFCFCFEA3BA6A" box="[171,378,860,882]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Epinephele limonias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAC845AFE07FCFDFD08BA6A" authority="Silva, 1916" authorityName="Silva" authorityYear="1916" box="[385,721,860,882]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="variety" variety="quinquepunctata">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFE2BFCFDFD8EBA6A" box="[429,599,861,882]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">quinquepunctata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B30FFAC845AFDDBFCFCFD08BA6A" author="Silva" box="[605,721,860,882]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Silva, C. (1916) Contribucion al conocimiento del genero Epinephele Hubner et Auctt. Revista chilena de Historia natural, 20 (1 / 2), 29 - 35." type="journal article" year="1916">Silva, 1916</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FCDAFEBEBA88" blockId="39.[151,1436,430,1035]" box="[151,359,890,912]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Other combinations:</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FC39FDDABAB7" blockId="39.[151,1436,430,1035]" box="[151,515,921,943]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAC845AFF11FC39FE9BBAB7" box="[151,322,921,943]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Elina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="janirioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFF11FC39FE9BBAB7" box="[151,322,921,943]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Elina janirioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B30FFAC845AFEDDFC39FDDABAB7" author="Heimlich" box="[347,515,921,943]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Heimlich, W. (1972) Satyridae der sudlichen Neotropis und Subantarktis (Lepidoptera: Satyridae). Beitrage Entomologische, 22, 149 - 197." type="journal article" year="1972">Heimlich (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FC19FD58BAD6" blockId="39.[151,1436,430,1035]" box="[151,641,952,974]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAC845AFF11FC19FEB3BAD6" box="[151,362,952,974]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neomaenas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limonias">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFF11FC19FEB3BAD6" box="[151,362,952,974]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Neomaenas limonias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—D’Abrera (1988, p. 793).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FC78FC36BAF4" blockId="39.[151,1436,430,1035]" box="[151,1007,982,1005]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAC845AFF11FC78FEA0BAF4" box="[151,377,982,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neomaenas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="janiroides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFF11FC78FEA0BAF4" box="[151,377,982,1005]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Neomaenas janiroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(sic)– D’Abrera (1988, p. 794); Peña & Ugarte (1997, p. 294)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FC55FC7EBD13" blockId="39.[151,1436,430,1035]" box="[151,935,1013,1035]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAC845AFF11FC55FE70BD13" box="[151,425,1013,1035]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Quilaphoetosus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="janirioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFF11FC55FE70BD13" box="[151,425,1013,1035]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Quilaphoetosus janirioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—Herrera (1966);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B30FFAC845AFDE1FC56FC7EBD13" author="Lamas" box="[615,935,1013,1035]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Lamas, G. & Viloria, A. (2004) Subtribes Erebiina and Hypocystina. In: Lamas, G. (Ed) Checklist: Part 4 A. Hesperioidea- Papilionoidea. In: Heppner, J. B. (Ed.), Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Association for Tropical Lepidoptera, Inc. / Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, FL, pp. 215 - 217." type="book chapter" year="2004" yearSuffix="p">Lamas & Viloria (2004, p. 217)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C342654AFFAC845AFF11FB95FB82BD6A" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF11FB95FB82BD6A" blockId="39.[151,1437,1077,2038]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFF11FB95FEF0BD56" bold="true" box="[151,297,1077,1102]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. Ovelapping in range with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAC845AFDDAFB96FCBFBD56" box="[604,870,1077,1102]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neomaenas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="monachus" subSpecies="monachus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFDDAFB96FCBFBD56" box="[604,870,1077,1102]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">N. monachus monachus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but found in small, isolated populations where
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAC845AFA04FB96FEB6BD6A" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neomaenas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="monachus" subSpecies="limonias">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFA04FB96FEB6BD6A" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">N. monachus limonias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been collected exclusive of the nominate subspecies (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13632A44FFAC845AFC7CFBF9FB97BD6A" box="[1018,1102,1113,1138]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="103.[151,250,1663,1685]" captionText="FIGURE 26. Distribution of locality records for Neomaenas species." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C342654AFFAC845AFF41FBDDFB01BC1A" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF41FBDDFB01BC1A" blockId="39.[151,1437,1077,2038]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFF41FBDDFEE3BD8E" bold="true" box="[199,314,1149,1174]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. Identical to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAC845AFE54FBDEFD07BD8E" box="[466,734,1149,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neomaenas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="monachus" subSpecies="monachus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFE54FBDEFD07BD8E" box="[466,734,1149,1174]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">N. monachus monachus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but generally lighter in color and more often with larger and bipupillate ocelli between M1-M3 on the ventral side of the forewing. Postmedian band on the ventral side of the hindwing is lavender from the costa to M2 and daffodil yellow from M2 to the inner margin. Small round yellow or white hindwing ocelli are present in each cell from Rs to 1A+2A, but may be obscured or absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C342654AFFAC845AFF41FAADFBAABEEE" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF41FAADFBB2BCAE" blockId="39.[151,1437,1077,2038]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAC845AFF41FAADFEADBC3E" bold="true" box="[199,372,1293,1318]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Redescription.</emphasis>
|
||
Head: Male palps with a longitudinal daffodil yellow stripe at the median, the dorsal side chocolate brown, and the ventral side with a longitudinal chocolate brown stripe just below the yellow stripe at the median and with white, medium brown, and dark chocolate brown piliform scales. Female palps with a longitudinal white stripe at the median, white and chocolate brown dorsally, and ventrally with a longitudinal chocolate stripe just below the median white stripe and white and black piliform scales.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF41FA61FF2EBF3A" blockId="39.[151,1437,1077,2038]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Thorax bears iridescent black scales with black and tawny pilifom scales in the males and white and iridescent black scales with white piliform scales in the females. Abdomens are taupe to tawny ventrally and chocolate dorsally.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF41F98DFABCBE06" blockId="39.[151,1437,1077,2038]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Forewing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13632A44FFAC845AFEC7F98DFE5DBF5E" box="[321,388,1581,1606]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="84.[151,250,1606,1628]" captionTargetBox="[369,1221,202,1583]" captionTargetId="figure@84.[360,1227,193,1585]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURE 7. Composite habitus images of Neomaenas species. The left side of each specimen is the dorsal surface, the right side is the ventral surface. A, B: Neomaenas inornata Elwes 1903. Lithographs of male holotype (BMNH # Rh 3864) (A), and female allotype (BMNH) (B), (reproduced from Plate XIV of Elwes, 1903, Figure 19); C, D: Neomaenas monachus (Blanchard, 1852) — male N. monachus monachus (C), male N. monachus limonias (MZUJ) (D); E, F: Neomaenas poliozona (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) male holotype N. poliozona (BMNH # 809789) (E), male holotype N. poliozona eustephanos Matz nom. nov. (BMNH # 809619) (F); G: Neomaenas simplex (Butler, 1881) male holotype (BMNH # Rh 3878); H: Neomaenas tristis (Guérin-Méneville, [1830]) male (MZUJ); I, J: Neomaenas wallengrenii Butler, 1881, male lectotype (BMNH # 809361) (I), female paralectotype (BMNH # 809362) (J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271711/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
D): Dorsal side chocolate to dark chocolate, a rust red to rust orange patch extending from the base to the subtermen, interrupted in the males by heavy androconial patches in chevron to rectangular patches between M3 and the inner margin. An ocelli sometimes appears as a small, round, black spot between M1-M2 and another similar ocellus occasionally appears between M2-M3. Ventral side taupe to chocolate with a ripple pattern in chocolate to dark chocolate striations extending along the costa and over the radials. A rust orange patch extends from the discal cell to the postmedian band, which is a lighter shade of orange and may be lightly bordered in chocolate. Apical ocellus extends from M1-M3 and is round, black, bipupillate, and ringed in daffodil yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAC845AFF41F889FBAABEEE" blockId="39.[151,1437,1077,2038]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Hindwing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13632A44FFAC845AFEC0F889FE53BE5A" box="[326,394,1833,1858]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="84.[151,250,1606,1628]" captionTargetBox="[369,1221,202,1583]" captionTargetId="figure@84.[360,1227,193,1585]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURE 7. Composite habitus images of Neomaenas species. The left side of each specimen is the dorsal surface, the right side is the ventral surface. A, B: Neomaenas inornata Elwes 1903. Lithographs of male holotype (BMNH # Rh 3864) (A), and female allotype (BMNH) (B), (reproduced from Plate XIV of Elwes, 1903, Figure 19); C, D: Neomaenas monachus (Blanchard, 1852) — male N. monachus monachus (C), male N. monachus limonias (MZUJ) (D); E, F: Neomaenas poliozona (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) male holotype N. poliozona (BMNH # 809789) (E), male holotype N. poliozona eustephanos Matz nom. nov. (BMNH # 809619) (F); G: Neomaenas simplex (Butler, 1881) male holotype (BMNH # Rh 3878); H: Neomaenas tristis (Guérin-Méneville, [1830]) male (MZUJ); I, J: Neomaenas wallengrenii Butler, 1881, male lectotype (BMNH # 809361) (I), female paralectotype (BMNH # 809362) (J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271711/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
D): Dorsal side similar in color to the forewing with the postmedian band appearing between M2 and CuA
|
||
<quantity id="4CA09B24FFAC845AFEACF8EEFE8DBE7E" box="[298,340,1869,1894]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
rust red to rust orange rectangular patches. Ventral side taupe to chocolate with a ripple pattern in chocolate to dark chocolate striations over the entire wing. Postmedian band is widest from the costa to M2 and lavender, narrowing abruptly at M2 and daffodil yellow from M2 to the inner margin, the median border either smoothly sinuous or barely scalloped. Ocelli are present in each cell from Rs to 1A+2A and are small, round, and white or daffodil yellow. Some of these may be obscured by the ripple pattern or absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C342654AFFA38455FF41FF37FF32B8C8" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFA38455FF41FF37FE99B858" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFA38455FF41FF37FEE2B9A8" bold="true" box="[199,315,151,176]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B30FFA38455FEC4FF38FE29B9A8" author="Weymer" box="[322,496,152,176]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Weymer, G. (1911) 4. Familie: Satyridae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Gross - Schmetterlinge der Erde. A. Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 173 - 280." type="book chapter" year="1911">Weymer (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B30FFA38455FDA1FF37FD19B9A8" author="Gaede" box="[551,704,151,176]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Gaede, M. (1931) Familia Satyridae. Lepidopterorum Catalogus, 43, 1 - 320." type="journal article" year="1931">Gaede (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B30FFA38455FCBBFF38FC00B9A8" author="Lamas" box="[829,985,152,176]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Lamas, G. (2010) Nomenclatural notes on Sayrinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). SHILAP Revista Lepidoptera, 38, 197 - 204." type="journal article" year="2010">Lamas (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
agreed that Blanchard’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFA38455FB76FF37FAB0B9A8" box="[1264,1385,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Quilaphoetosus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="janirioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFA38455FB76FF37FAB0B9A8" box="[1264,1385,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">janirioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was preoccupied by a species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34F7651FFA38455FD8CFF1CFD85B9CD" box="[522,604,188,213]" name="Algeria" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Algiers</collectingCountry>
|
||
and assigned to it the replacement name of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFA38455FBF4FF1CFB0AB9CD" box="[1138,1235,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neomaenas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limonias">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFA38455FBF4FF1CFB0AB9CD" box="[1138,1235,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">limonias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, noting that it is identical with Philippi’s description, which has priority over Kirby’s replacement name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFA38455FBF3FF7FFB2EB9E0" box="[1141,1271,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Epinephele" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanchardii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFA38455FBF3FF7FFB2EB9E0" box="[1141,1271,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">blanchardii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B30FFA38455FA83FF7FFA45B9E0" author="Elwes" box="[1285,1436,223,248]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Elwes, H. J. (1903) The butterflies of Chile. Transactions of the entomological Society of London, 1903 (3), 263 - 301, pls. 12 - 15." type="journal article" year="1903">Elwes (1903)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found it “on dry hill-sides covered with bushes,” and remarks that it is commonly found in Valparaiso in November and December.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFA38455FF41FEECFF32B8C8" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFA38455FF41FEECFE1BB87D" bold="true" box="[199,450,332,357]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Specimens examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34F7651FFA38455FE55FEECFDCBB87D" box="[467,530,332,357]" name="Chile" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Santiago Metropolitan Province, (OSU) 0 0 0 0 93362, (MTSU)
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34F7651FFA38455FB6AFEECFAC0B87C" box="[1260,1305,332,356]" name="Switzerland" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">CH</collectingCountry>
|
||
43-1;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34F7651FFA38455FADEFEECFA4EB87D" box="[1368,1431,332,357]" name="Chile" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Maule Province, (OSU) 0 0 0 0 94365, 0 0 0 0 95046, 0 0 0 0 95051, 0 0 0 0 94365, (MTSU)
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34F7651FFA38455FBF9FECFFB73B890" box="[1151,1194,367,392]" name="Switzerland" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">CH</collectingCountry>
|
||
26-3;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34F7651FFA38455FB69FECFFAF6B890" box="[1263,1327,367,392]" name="Chile" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Bío-Bío Province, (OSU) 0 0 0 0 95048, (MTSU)
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34F7651FFA38455FDE3FE34FD49B8B4" box="[613,656,404,428]" name="Switzerland" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">CH</collectingCountry>
|
||
32-3,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34F7651FFA38455FD55FE34FD24B8B4" box="[723,765,404,428]" name="Switzerland" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">CH</collectingCountry>
|
||
32-4;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34F7651FFA38455FCC4FE34FC58B8B5" box="[834,897,404,429]" name="Chile" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
, unknown province, (BMNH) male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E38863FFA38455FAB2FE34FA45B8B5" box="[1332,1436,404,429]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
809782
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |