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<mods:title id="C437C6209B9EE9E231F8177DA49E050B">Family incertae cedis *</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7F764F22AC8B581BD71076021CBA47FD">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:classification id="6235E4A66F30CA0E45862B6DBF9D633B">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="8EF64E2DECA4AFB27F98ED9BB90EB496" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.178710</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="C342653EFFED036DFF57FCC21020FCF4" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE736B5FFED036DFF57FCC2102FFCB1" blockId="1.[151,585,775,801]" box="[151,585,775,801]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<heading id="D0AF81D9FFED036DFF57FCC2102FFCB1" bold="true" box="[151,585,775,801]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFF57FCC2102FFCB1" bold="true" box="[151,585,775,801]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFF57FCC21283FCB1" bold="true" box="[151,229,775,801]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Genus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFF2CFCC2102FFCB1" ID-CoL="84L7Z" authority="Sieg, 1986a" authorityName="Sieg" authorityYear="1986" box="[236,585,775,801]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFF2CFCC213D0FCB1" bold="true" box="[236,438,775,801]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Akanthophoreus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFE7DFCC2102FFCB1" author="Sieg" box="[445,585,775,801]" pageId="1" pageNumber="149" refString="Sieg, J. (1986 a) Tanaidacea (Crustacea) von der Antarktis und Subantarktis. II. Tanaidacea gessamelt von Dr. J. W. Wagele wahrend der deutschen Antarktis Expedition, 1983. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum der Universitat Kiel, II (4), 1 - 80." type="journal article" year="1986" yearSuffix="a">Sieg, 1986a</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE736B5FFED036DFF57FC881020FCF4" blockId="1.[151,1436,845,1092]" box="[151,582,845,868]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">(Restricted synonymy and bibliography)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C342653EFFED036DFF07FCA811C6FBD4" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE736B5FFED036DFF07FCA81762FC14" blockId="1.[151,1436,845,1092]" box="[199,1284,877,900]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB48119BFFED036DFF07FCA81762FC14" box="[199,1284,877,900]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFF07FCA81047FC14" ID-CoL="84L7Z" authority="Sieg, 1986a: 21" authorityName="Sieg" authorityPageNumber="21" authorityYear="1986" box="[199,545,877,900]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFF07FCA81313FC14" box="[199,373,877,900]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Akanthophoreus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AF910A4FFED036DFEBBFCA81047FC14" author="Sieg" box="[379,545,877,900]" page="21" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" year="1986">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFEBBFCA8139BFC14" author="Sieg" box="[379,509,877,900]" pageId="1" pageNumber="149" refString="Sieg, J. (1986 a) Tanaidacea (Crustacea) von der Antarktis und Subantarktis. II. Tanaidacea gessamelt von Dr. J. W. Wagele wahrend der deutschen Antarktis Expedition, 1983. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum der Universitat Kiel, II (4), 1 - 80." type="journal article" year="1986" yearSuffix="a">Sieg, 1986a</bibRefCitation>
: 21
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
–24.
<treatmentCitation id="0AF910A4FFED036DFD97FCA811ECFC14" author="Guerrero-Kommritz" box="[599,906,877,900]" page="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFD97FCA81112FC14" author="Guerrero-Kommritz" box="[599,884,877,900]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" refString="Guerrero-Kommritz, J. (2004) A revision of the genus Paraleptognathia Kudinova-Pasternak, 1981 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) and description of four new species. Zootaxa, 481, 1 - 63." type="journal article" year="2004">Guerrero-Kommritz, 2004</bibRefCitation>
: 8
</treatmentCitation>
–10.
<treatmentCitation id="0AF910A4FFED036DFC01FCA816B1FC14" author="Larsen" box="[961,1239,877,900]" page="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFC01FCA816D8FC14" author="Larsen" box="[961,1214,877,900]" pageId="1" pageNumber="149" refString="Larsen, K. &amp; Wilson, G. D. F. (2002) Tanaidacean phylogeny, the first step: the Superfamily Paratanoidea. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 40, 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="2002">Larsen &amp; Wilson, 2002</bibRefCitation>
: 2
</treatmentCitation>
, 14.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE736B5FFED036DFF07FC4817FAFC34" blockId="1.[151,1436,845,1092]" box="[199,1436,909,932]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFF07FC481065FC34" ID-CoL="84PMR" authority="G.O. Sars, 1882" authorityName="G.O. Sars" authorityYear="1882" box="[199,515,909,932]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leptognathiidae" genus="Leptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFF07FC481333FC34" box="[199,341,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Leptognathia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFE9CFC481065FC34" author="Sars" box="[348,515,909,932]" pageId="1" pageNumber="149" refString="Sars, G. O. (1882) Revision af Gruppen: Isopoda Chelifera med Characteristik af nye herben horende Arter og Slaegter. Archiv for Matematik og Naturvidenskab, 7, 1 - 54." type="journal article" year="1882">G.O. Sars, 1882</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFDD2FC48103FFC34" box="[530,601,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">partim</emphasis>
):
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFDB0FC481165FC34" author="Hansen" box="[624,771,909,932]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" refString="Hansen, H. J. (1913) Crustacea Malacostraca, II, IV, The Order Tanaidacea. Danish Ingolf Expedition, 3 (3), 1 - 145." type="journal article" year="1913">Hansen, 1913</bibRefCitation>
[for
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFCF8FC4811C0FC34" ID-CoL="BDX8" box="[824,934,909,932]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFCF8FC4811C0FC34" box="[824,934,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFC74FC481647FC34" ID-CoL="666TL" box="[948,1057,909,932]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inermis">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFC74FC481647FC34" box="[948,1057,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. inermis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFBEEFC4816DBFC34" ID-CoL="BDXC" box="[1070,1213,909,932]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiremis">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFBEEFC4816DBFC34" box="[1070,1213,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. longiremis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFB30FC4817FAFC34" ID-CoL="BDXD" box="[1264,1436,909,932]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multiserratus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFB30FC4817FAFC34" box="[1264,1436,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. multiserratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE736B5FFED036DFF07FC68133FFC54" blockId="1.[151,1436,845,1092]" box="[199,345,941,964]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">listed below].</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE736B5FFED036DFF07FC0817FAFC74" blockId="1.[151,1436,845,1092]" box="[199,1436,973,996]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFF07FC0810CCFC74" ID-CoL="84RN4" authority="Kudinova-Pasternak, 1981" authorityName="Kudinova-Pasternak" authorityYear="1981" box="[199,682,973,996]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Paraleptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFF07FC0813E5FC74" box="[199,387,973,996]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Paraleptognathia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFE4CFC0810CCFC74" author="Kudinova-Pasternak" box="[396,682,973,996]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" refString="Kudinova-Pasternak, R. K. (1981) Tanaidacea. In: Miranov A. V. [ed.] Benthos of the submarine mountains Marcus- Vecker and adjacent Pacific regions. Akademija Nauk SSSR, P. P. Shirshov Institute of oceanology, 94 - 112." type="book chapter" year="1981">Kudinova-Pasternak, 1981</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFD7CFC081165FC74" box="[700,771,973,996]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">partim</emphasis>
):
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFCDDFC08165EFC74" author="Guerrero-Kommritz" box="[797,1080,973,996]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" refString="Guerrero-Kommritz, J. (2004) A revision of the genus Paraleptognathia Kudinova-Pasternak, 1981 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) and description of four new species. Zootaxa, 481, 1 - 63." type="journal article" year="2004">Guerrero-Kommritz, 2004</bibRefCitation>
[for species listed below].
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFAA6FC0817FAFC74" author="Sieg" box="[1382,1436,973,996]" pageId="1" pageNumber="149" refString="Sieg, J. (1986 a) Tanaidacea (Crustacea) von der Antarktis und Subantarktis. II. Tanaidacea gessamelt von Dr. J. W. Wagele wahrend der deutschen Antarktis Expedition, 1983. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum der Universitat Kiel, II (4), 1 - 80." type="journal article" year="1986" yearSuffix="a">Sieg,</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE736B5FFED036DFF07FC2811C6FBD4" blockId="1.[151,1436,845,1092]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<bibRef id="52F8A243FFED036DFF07FC2811C6FBD4" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" type="journal article">
<author id="53E5DE50FFED036DFF07FC2811AFFB94" box="[199,969,1005,1028]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
1986a: 40–44 [synonymy of
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFE3BFC2810E7FB94" box="[507,641,1005,1028]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">P. antarctica</emphasis>
with
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFD7EFC28112FFB94" box="[702,841,1005,1028]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. antarctica</emphasis>
(Vanhöffen
</author>
,
<year id="FFF077E6FFED036DFC14FC28166CFB94" box="[980,1034,1005,1028]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">1914</year>
)
<title id="F95CDD83FFED036DFBD9FC2816C6FB94" box="[1049,1184,1005,1028]" jopScore="0.11096419" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" type="_" typeScore="83">listed below</title>
].
<journalOrPublisher id="51993C79FFED036DFF57FBC813F4FBB4" box="[151,402,1037,1060]" jopScore="0.11404312" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFF57FBC81291FBB4" box="[151,247,1037,1060]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Scoloura</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFF3EFBC813F4FBB4" author="Sieg" box="[254,402,1037,1060]" pageId="1" pageNumber="149" refString="Sieg, J. &amp; Dojiri, M. (1991) Two new species and a new genus of the suborder Tanaidomorpha (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) from Californian waters. Journal of Natural History, 25, 1493 - 1512." type="journal article" year="1991">Sieg &amp; Dojiri</bibRefCitation>
</journalOrPublisher>
,
<part id="FFFC9C28FFED036DFE5CFBC813B3FBB4" box="[412,469,1037,1060]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" type="volume">1991</part>
:
<pagination id="B291C841FFED036DFE20FBC8103CFBB4" box="[480,602,1037,1060]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" type="pagination">1495–1501</pagination>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFDA5FBC8115AFBB4" author="Dojiri" box="[613,828,1037,1060]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" refString="Dojiri, M. &amp; Sieg, J. (1997) The Tanaidacea. In Blake, J. A. and Scott, P. H. (eds) Taxonomic atlas of the benthic fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and western Santa Barbara Channel Volume 11 - The Crustacea Part 2. The Isopoda, Cumacea and Tanaidacea. Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, pp. 181 - 268." type="book chapter" year="1997">Dojiri &amp; Sieg, 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 228–231.
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFC71FBC816C8FBB4" author="Larsen" box="[945,1198,1037,1060]" pageId="1" pageNumber="149" refString="Larsen, K. &amp; Wilson, G. D. F. (2002) Tanaidacean phylogeny, the first step: the Superfamily Paratanoidea. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 40, 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="2002">Larsen &amp; Wilson, 2002</bibRefCitation>
: 2, 14.
<typeStatus id="54E38817FFED036DFF57FBE812AAFBD4" box="[151,204,1069,1092]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFEEDFBE813ADFBD4" box="[301,459,1069,1092]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Tanais gracilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFE12FBE81004FBD4" author="Kroyer" box="[466,610,1069,1092]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" refString="Kroyer, H. (1842) Nye Arter af Slaegten Tanais. Naturhistoriska Tidskritt, 6, 29 - 42." type="journal article" year="1842">Krøyer, 1842</bibRefCitation>
, by designation (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFCD7FBE811F2FBD4" author="Sieg" box="[791,916,1069,1092]" pageId="1" pageNumber="149" refString="Sieg, J. (1986 a) Tanaidacea (Crustacea) von der Antarktis und Subantarktis. II. Tanaidacea gessamelt von Dr. J. W. Wagele wahrend der deutschen Antarktis Expedition, 1983. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum der Universitat Kiel, II (4), 1 - 80." type="journal article" year="1986" yearSuffix="a">Sieg 1986a</bibRefCitation>
).
</bibRef>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C342653EFFED036DFF57FBB0138DFA37" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE736B5FFED036DFF57FBB0138DFA37" blockId="1.[151,1436,1141,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFF57FBB0130FFB1F" bold="true" box="[151,361,1141,1167]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Species included</emphasis>
(Japanese and Kurile-Kamchatka species in bold):
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFC19FBB0173DFB1F" authority="Vanhoffen, 1914" authorityName="Vanhoffen" authorityYear="1914" box="[985,1371,1141,1167]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Paraleptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antarctica">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFC19FBB01612FB1E" box="[985,1140,1141,1166]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. antarctica</emphasis>
(Vanhöffen, 1914)
</taxonomicName>
, East
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFF57FB581373FB27" box="[151,277,1181,1207]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Paraleptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antarctica">
<collectingCountry id="F34F7625FFED036DFF57FB581373FB27" box="[151,277,1181,1207]" name="Antarctica" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFEE1FB581016FB27" authority="Beddard, 1886" authorityName="Beddard" authorityYear="1886" box="[289,624,1181,1207]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFEE1FB5813C1FB26" box="[289,423,1181,1206]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. australis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFE78FB58100EFB27" author="Beddard" box="[440,616,1181,1207]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" refString="Beddard, F. E. (1886) Preliminary notice of the Isopoda collected during the voyage of HMS &quot; Challenger &quot;. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 26, 97 - 122." type="journal article" year="1886">Beddard, 1886</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFDB8FB581093FB27" box="[632,757,1181,1207]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Paraleptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antarctica">
<collectingCountry id="F34F7625FFED036DFDB8FB581093FB27" box="[632,757,1181,1207]" name="Antarctica" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
, sub-Antarctica, Kerguelen Islands;
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFB60FB5817F2FB27" bold="true" box="[1184,1428,1181,1207]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFB60FB581737FB27" box="[1184,1361,1181,1207]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicauda" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFB60FB581737FB27" bold="true" box="[1184,1361,1181,1207]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. crassicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21F57DCFFED036DFA99FB5817F2FB27" box="[1369,1428,1181,1207]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFF57FB0013B6FB4F" authority="Kroyer, 1842" authorityName="Kroyer" authorityYear="1842" box="[151,464,1221,1247]" class="Malacostraca" family="Tanaididae" genus="Tanais" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFF57FB001373FB4F" bold="true" box="[151,277,1221,1247]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. gracilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFEE7FB0013AEFB4F" author="Kroyer" box="[295,456,1221,1247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" refString="Kroyer, H. (1842) Nye Arter af Slaegten Tanais. Naturhistoriska Tidskritt, 6, 29 - 42." type="journal article" year="1842">Krøyer, 1842</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
[?];
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFDCDFB001081FB4F" bold="true" box="[525,743,1221,1247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFDCDFB0010CCFB4F" box="[525,682,1221,1247]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imputatus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFDCDFB0010CCFB4F" bold="true" box="[525,682,1221,1247]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. imputatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n.sp
</emphasis>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFD39FB00165EFB4F" authority="Hansen, 1913" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1913" box="[761,1080,1221,1247]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inermis">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFD39FB001112FB4E" box="[761,884,1221,1246]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. inermis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFC46FB001649FB4F" author="Hansen" box="[902,1071,1221,1247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" refString="Hansen, H. J. (1913) Crustacea Malacostraca, II, IV, The Order Tanaidacea. Danish Ingolf Expedition, 3 (3), 1 - 145." type="journal article" year="1913">Hansen, 1913</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, Arctic Ocean;
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFB36FB00130DFA97" authority="Lilljeborg, 1864" authorityName="Lilljeborg" authorityYear="1864" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiremis">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFB36FB0017FAFB4F" bold="true" box="[1270,1436,1221,1247]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. longiremis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFF5FFB281305FA97" author="Lilljeborg" box="[159,355,1261,1287]" pageId="1" pageNumber="149" refString="Lilljeborg, W. (1864) Bidrag till kannndomen om de inom Sverige och Norrige forekommande Crustaceer af Isopodens underordnig och Tanaidernes familj. Inbjudingsskrift. University of Uppsala. Pp 31." type="book chapter" year="1864">Lilljeborg, 1864</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
[?], NE Atlantic;
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFD8AFB2811ADFA97" authority="Hansen, 1913" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1913" box="[586,971,1261,1287]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multiserratus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFD8AFB28116FFA96" box="[586,777,1261,1286]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. multiserratus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFCDCFB2811A5FA97" author="Hansen" box="[796,963,1261,1287]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" refString="Hansen, H. J. (1913) Crustacea Malacostraca, II, IV, The Order Tanaidacea. Danish Ingolf Expedition, 3 (3), 1 - 145." type="journal article" year="1913">Hansen, 1913</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<collectingCountry id="F34F7625FFED036DFC15FB281648FA97" box="[981,1070,1261,1287]" name="Iceland" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Iceland</collectingCountry>
, Faeroe Islands;
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFB3CFB2812ACFABF" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFB3CFB2817FAFA97" box="[1276,1436,1261,1287]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undulatus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFB3CFB2817FAFA97" bold="true" box="[1276,1436,1261,1287]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. undulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n.sp
</emphasis>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFF1EFAD0104DFABF" authority="Sieg, 1986" authorityName="Sieg" authorityYear="1986" box="[222,555,1301,1327]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="weddellensis">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFF1EFAD013FCFABE" box="[222,410,1301,1326]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. weddellensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFE66FAD0104DFABF" author="Sieg" box="[422,555,1301,1327]" pageId="1" pageNumber="149" refString="Sieg, J. (1986 a) Tanaidacea (Crustacea) von der Antarktis und Subantarktis. II. Tanaidacea gessamelt von Dr. J. W. Wagele wahrend der deutschen Antarktis Expedition, 1983. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum der Universitat Kiel, II (4), 1 - 80." type="journal article" year="1986" yearSuffix="a">Sieg, 1986</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
a,
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFD89FAD010A0FABF" box="[585,710,1301,1327]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Paraleptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antarctica">
<collectingCountry id="F34F7625FFED036DFD89FAD010A0FABF" box="[585,710,1301,1327]" name="Antarctica" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
, sub-Antarctica. Other species that probably belong in this genus but were transferred
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFE15FAF81048FAC6" box="[469,558,1341,1366]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">directly</emphasis>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFDB4FAF81176FAC6" box="[628,784,1341,1366]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leptognathiidae" genus="Leptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFDB4FAF81176FAC6" box="[628,784,1341,1366]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Leptognathia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFCF6FAF81663FAC6" box="[822,1029,1341,1366]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Paraleptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFCF6FAF81663FAC6" box="[822,1029,1341,1366]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Paraleptognathia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, or have
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFED036DFBB1FAF81726FAC6" box="[1137,1344,1341,1366]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Paraleptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFBB1FAF81726FAC6" box="[1137,1344,1341,1366]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Paraleptognathia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as their primary generic name (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFE77FAA01096FAEF" author="Guerrero-Kommritz" box="[439,752,1381,1407]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" refString="Guerrero-Kommritz, J. (2004) A revision of the genus Paraleptognathia Kudinova-Pasternak, 1981 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) and description of four new species. Zootaxa, 481, 1 - 63." type="journal article" year="2004">Guerrero-Kommritz 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFCC2FAA01190FAEF" author="Dojiri" box="[770,1014,1381,1407]" pageId="1" pageNumber="148" refString="Dojiri, M. &amp; Sieg, J. (1997) The Tanaidacea. In Blake, J. A. and Scott, P. H. (eds) Taxonomic atlas of the benthic fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and western Santa Barbara Channel Volume 11 - The Crustacea Part 2. The Isopoda, Cumacea and Tanaidacea. Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, pp. 181 - 268." type="book chapter" year="1997">Dojiri &amp; Sieg 1997</bibRefCitation>
) are excluded here until a formal review/decision is presented.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C342653EFFED036DFF06FA701310F8CF" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE736B5FFED036DFF06FA701771F89F" blockId="1.[151,1436,1141,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFF06FA701359FA5F" bold="true" box="[198,319,1461,1487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Diagnosis</emphasis>
(modified after
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFED036DFDC6FA7010F7FA5F" author="Sieg" box="[518,657,1461,1487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="149" refString="Sieg, J. (1986 a) Tanaidacea (Crustacea) von der Antarktis und Subantarktis. II. Tanaidacea gessamelt von Dr. J. W. Wagele wahrend der deutschen Antarktis Expedition, 1983. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum der Universitat Kiel, II (4), 1 - 80." type="journal article" year="1986" yearSuffix="a">Sieg 1986a</bibRefCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFD67FA701099FA5E" box="[679,767,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Female</emphasis>
. Antennule four-articled. Antenna six-articled, article 4 often with a suture line (pseudo-articulation). Molar process thick, with several terminal spines. Maxillule endite with nine terminal spiniform setae. Epignath ends with a long, thick seta. Maxilliped basis with long seta near articulation with palp; palp article 2 with two inner plumose setae and a long plain seta, and outer spiniform seta; article 3 with two inner plumose setae. Pereopods 1–3 with, pereopod 4–6 without, coxa. Merus of pereopod 1 with one spiniform seta, carpus with two. Carpus of pereopod 3 with three spiniform setae. Dactylus of pereopods 4–6 long and grooved, with double row of small spines; carpus of pereopods 4– 6 with three spiniform setae and smaller seta. Pleopod biramous, exopod inner row with strong proximal setae. Uropod biramous, endopod and exopod two-articled. Marsupium of four pairs of oostegites.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE736B5FFED036DFF06F8D81310F8CF" blockId="1.[151,1436,1141,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFF06F8D813F0F8A6" box="[198,406,1821,1846]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Preparatory male</emphasis>
. Generally as above but antennule thicker, four or five-articled. Pleon and pleopods proportionately larger.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C342653EFFED036DFF06F8A81677F847" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE736B5FFED036DFF06F8A81677F847" blockId="1.[151,1436,1141,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFED036DFF06F8A81309F816" box="[198,367,1901,1926]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Natatory male</emphasis>
(when present). Habitus quite distinct from female, with enlarged pleon and shorter pereon (pereonites much broader than long). Antennule seven-articled, with numerous aesthetascs. Mouthparts reduced, with remnants of maxilliped, maxillule palp, maxilla and epignath.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C342653EFFEE036EFF06FF52107AF992" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE736B5FFEE036EFF06FF52112FFE5A" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1538]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFF06FF521359FF21" bold="true" box="[198,319,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Remarks.</emphasis>
Considerable confusion and generic transfers have accompanied this genus, the establishment of which was originally a much-needed initiative by
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFEE036EFCCCFF0511C2FF4A" author="Sieg" box="[780,932,192,218]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" refString="Sieg, J. (1986 a) Tanaidacea (Crustacea) von der Antarktis und Subantarktis. II. Tanaidacea gessamelt von Dr. J. W. Wagele wahrend der deutschen Antarktis Expedition, 1983. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum der Universitat Kiel, II (4), 1 - 80." type="journal article" year="1986" yearSuffix="a">Sieg (1986a)</bibRefCitation>
in separating the taxon from the ‘dustbin’ that
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFF0BFF2D1301FE91" box="[203,359,232,257]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leptognathiidae" genus="Leptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFF0BFF2D1301FE91" box="[203,359,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Leptognathia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had become. This had been exacerbated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFEE036EFCB7FF2D166CFE92" author="Lang" box="[887,1034,232,258]" pageId="2" pageNumber="148" refString="Lang, K. (1968) Deep-sea Tanaidacea. Galathea Report, 9, 23 - 209." type="journal article" year="1968">Lang (1968)</bibRefCitation>
with the synonymising of several genera with
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFEEDFED513AFFEB9" box="[301,457,272,297]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leptognathiidae" genus="Leptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFEEDFED513AFFEB9" box="[301,457,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Leptognathia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Three separate issues have conspired to create a near-intractable taxonomic and nomenclatural status, overlaying the already complex morphological character-state distributions. First, it was unfortunate that Sieg selected
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFDC1FEA511DFFEEA" authority="Kroyer, 1842" authorityName="Kroyer" authorityYear="1842" box="[513,953,352,378]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leptognathiidae" genus="Leptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFDC1FEA51166FEE9" box="[513,768,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Leptognathia gracilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFEE036EFCD1FEA511D7FEEA" author="Kroyer" box="[785,945,352,378]" pageId="2" pageNumber="148" refString="Kroyer, H. (1842) Nye Arter af Slaegten Tanais. Naturhistoriska Tidskritt, 6, 29 - 42." type="journal article" year="1842">Krøyer, 1842</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
as the
<typeStatus id="54E38817FFEE036EFBD1FEA51622FEEA" box="[1041,1092,352,378]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">type</typeStatus>
species for
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFB15FEA517F2FEE9" box="[1237,1428,352,377]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFB15FEA517F2FEE9" box="[1237,1428,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Akanthophoreus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, since this is itself an apparently complex taxon, the original description was poor (but of its time), and the
<typeStatus id="54E38817FFEE036EFAAAFE4D17FBFE32" box="[1386,1437,392,418]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">type</typeStatus>
specimen is damaged, incomplete and barely recognizable.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE736B5FFEE036EFF06FE1D136EFCCA" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1538]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">
Secondly, it is clear that Krøyer’s original species (
<typeStatus id="54E38817FFEE036EFCF7FE1D110DFE62" box="[823,875,472,498]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">type</typeStatus>
locality ‘Spitsbergen’), is identical to
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFA81FE1D1026FD8A" authority="Sars (1896)" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1896" class="Malacostraca" family="Leptognathiidae" genus="Leptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiremis">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFA81FE1D13C8FD89" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Leptognathia longiremis sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFEE036EFE75FDC51026FD8A" author="Sars" box="[437,576,512,538]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" refString="Sars, G. O. (1896) Isopoda. An Account of the Crustacea of Norway, II, 1 - 270." type="book chapter" year="1896">Sars (1896)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, itself synonymous with
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFCA4FDC5168AFD8A" authority="Hansen, 1909" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1909" box="[868,1260,512,538]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leptognathiidae" genus="Leptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarsi">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFCA4FDC51626FD89" box="[868,1088,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Leptognathia sarsi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFEE036EFB88FDC5168AFD8A" author="Hansen" box="[1096,1260,512,538]" pageId="2" pageNumber="148" refString="Hansen, H. J. (1909) Revideret for tegnelse over Danmarks mariner Arten of Isopoda, Tanaidacea, Cumacea, Mysidacea og Euphausiacea. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Danmarks Naturhistoriske Forening i Kjobenhavn 1909, 226 - 233." type="journal article" year="1909">Hansen, 1909</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. This is a large and robust species characterized primarily by lateral pleotelson spurs as well as crenulated margins on the cheliped propodus and dactylus. Because Sieg’s view of
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFC84FD951600FDF9" box="[836,1126,592,617]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFC84FD951600FDF9" box="[836,1126,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Akanthophoreus gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFEE036EFB6EFD951753FDFA" author="Sieg" box="[1198,1333,592,618]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" refString="Sieg, J. (1986 a) Tanaidacea (Crustacea) von der Antarktis und Subantarktis. II. Tanaidacea gessamelt von Dr. J. W. Wagele wahrend der deutschen Antarktis Expedition, 1983. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum der Universitat Kiel, II (4), 1 - 80." type="journal article" year="1986" yearSuffix="a">Sieg 1986a</bibRefCitation>
) did not match the
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFED0FDBD106BFD02" authority="Sars" authorityName="Sars" box="[272,525,632,658]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leptognathiidae" genus="Leptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiremis">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFED0FDBD13B2FD01" box="[272,468,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">longiremis sensu</emphasis>
Sars
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFDD5FDBD1028FD01" box="[533,590,632,657]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leptognathiidae" genus="Leptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarsi">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFDD5FDBD1028FD01" box="[533,590,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">sarsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
taxon, a new genus,
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFC82FDBD16FBFD02" authority="Sieg &amp; Dojiri, 1991" authorityName="Sieg &amp; Dojiri" authorityYear="1991" box="[834,1181,632,658]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Scoloura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFC82FDBD11CAFD01" box="[834,940,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Scoloura</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFEE036EFC73FDBD16FBFD02" author="Sieg" box="[947,1181,632,658]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" refString="Sieg, J. &amp; Dojiri, M. (1991) Two new species and a new genus of the suborder Tanaidomorpha (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) from Californian waters. Journal of Natural History, 25, 1493 - 1512." type="journal article" year="1991">Sieg &amp; Dojiri, 1991</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, was established for a Californian species with pleotelson spurs. Rather than mention the obvious similarity with
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFB08FD651310FD72" authority="Sars" authorityName="Sars" class="Malacostraca" family="Leptognathiidae" genus="Leptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiremis">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFB08FD65135CFD71" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Leptognathia longiremis sensu</emphasis>
Sars
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFE40FD0D13DFFD71" box="[384,441,712,737]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leptognathiidae" genus="Leptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarsi">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFE40FD0D13DFFD71" box="[384,441,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">sarsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, comparisons were made with
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFCF9FD0D1195FD71" box="[825,1011,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Mimicaraphura</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFEE036EFC3EFD0D16EAFD72" author="Sieg" box="[1022,1164,712,738]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" refString="Sieg, J. (1986 a) Tanaidacea (Crustacea) von der Antarktis und Subantarktis. II. Tanaidacea gessamelt von Dr. J. W. Wagele wahrend der deutschen Antarktis Expedition, 1983. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum der Universitat Kiel, II (4), 1 - 80." type="journal article" year="1986" yearSuffix="a">Sieg, 1986a</bibRefCitation>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFB0DFD0D13B0FC9A" authority="Kudinova-Pasternak, 1981" authorityName="Kudinova-Pasternak" authorityYear="1981" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Paraleptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFB0DFD0D17FAFD71" box="[1229,1436,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Paraleptognathia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFEE036EFF57FD3513B0FC9A" author="Kudinova-Pasternak" box="[151,470,752,778]" pageId="2" pageNumber="148" refString="Kudinova-Pasternak, R. K. (1981) Tanaidacea. In: Miranov A. V. [ed.] Benthos of the submarine mountains Marcus- Vecker and adjacent Pacific regions. Akademija Nauk SSSR, P. P. Shirshov Institute of oceanology, 94 - 112." type="book chapter" year="1981">Kudinova-Pasternak, 1981</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. It is possible that Sieg was also influenced by the perceived discrepancy in the number of maxillule endite spines – up to eleven in the known species of
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFBD4FCDD16B5FCA1" box="[1044,1235,792,817]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFBD4FCDD16B5FCA1" box="[1044,1235,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Akanthophoreus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but only nine in
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFF57FC851367FCC9" box="[151,257,832,857]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Scoloura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFF57FC851367FCC9" box="[151,257,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Scoloura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE736B5FFEE036EFF06FCAD1083FA82" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1538]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">
Thirdly, scarce mention was made of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFD36FCAD1106FC11" box="[758,864,872,897]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Scoloura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFD36FCAD1106FC11" box="[758,864,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Scoloura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFEE036EFC4CFCAD16A8FC12" author="Guerrero-Kommritz" box="[908,1230,872,898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="148" refString="Guerrero-Kommritz, J. (2004) A revision of the genus Paraleptognathia Kudinova-Pasternak, 1981 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) and description of four new species. Zootaxa, 481, 1 - 63." type="journal article" year="2004">Guerrero-Kommritz (2004)</bibRefCitation>
in his revision of
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFF57FC551300FC39" box="[151,358,912,937]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Paraleptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFF57FC551300FC39" box="[151,358,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Paraleptognathia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with which
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFDC2FC5510A7FC39" box="[514,705,912,937]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFDC2FC5510A7FC39" box="[514,705,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Akanthophoreus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was synonymized – only to remark that the resemblance was “very intriguing”. This revision, and probably for the same motive that Sieg had earlier (and without published reasons) switched generic names from
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFD68FC251101FC69" box="[680,871,992,1017]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFD68FC251101FC69" box="[680,871,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Akanthophoreus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFC4BFC25163CFC69" box="[907,1114,992,1017]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Paraleptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFC4BFC25163CFC69" box="[907,1114,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Paraleptognathia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, was based on the five-articled antennule expressed in preparatory (sub-adult) males in some species of
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFBDCFBCD16BDFBB1" box="[1052,1243,1032,1057]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFBDCFBCD16BDFBB1" box="[1052,1243,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Akanthophoreus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that appeared to be directly homologous with that of the species
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFD0DFBF51749FBDA" authority="Kudinova-Pasternak, 1981" authorityName="Kudinova-Pasternak" authorityYear="1981" box="[717,1327,1072,1098]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Paraleptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="typica">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFD0DFBF5118DFBD9" box="[717,1003,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Paraleptognathia typica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B44FFEE036EFC33FBF51749FBDA" author="Kudinova-Pasternak" box="[1011,1327,1072,1098]" pageId="2" pageNumber="148" refString="Kudinova-Pasternak, R. K. (1981) Tanaidacea. In: Miranov A. V. [ed.] Benthos of the submarine mountains Marcus- Vecker and adjacent Pacific regions. Akademija Nauk SSSR, P. P. Shirshov Institute of oceanology, 94 - 112." type="book chapter" year="1981">Kudinova-Pasternak, 1981</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. That (i), this character also appears in other genera, including the very close sibling taxon
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFBA5FB9D177CFBE1" box="[1125,1306,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFBA5FB9D1770FBE1" box="[1125,1302,1112,1137]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Chauliopleona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chauliopleona</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
(ii) not all species of
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFED4FB4513B5FB09" box="[276,467,1152,1177]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFED4FB4513B5FB09" box="[276,467,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Akanthophoreus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have five-articled antennules in preparatory males and (iii)
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFB57FB451700FB09" box="[1175,1382,1152,1177]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Paraleptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFB57FB451700FB09" box="[1175,1382,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Paraleptognathia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was inadequately described by Kudinova-Pasternak and appears to have highly modified chelipeds, with dentition on the proximal part of the fixed finger, a highly expanded carpal shield and with extensive surface ornamentation/armament, makes this synonymy untenable.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE736B5FFEE036EFF06FAE5107AF992" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1538]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">
It is also becoming apparent that the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFD19FAE511FEFAA9" box="[729,920,1312,1337]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFD19FAE511FEFAA9" box="[729,920,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Akanthophoreus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
itself may be masking several genus-level species groups and the overlap of characters within these and the closely related genera
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFB7AFA8D170EFAF1" box="[1210,1384,1352,1377]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Chauliopleona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFB7AFA8D170EFAF1" box="[1210,1384,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Chauliopleona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFF57FAB510C6FA1A" authority="Guerrero-Kommritz" authorityName="Guerrero-Kommritz" box="[151,672,1392,1418]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Paraleptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFF57FAB513CBFA19" box="[151,429,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Paraleptognathia sensu</emphasis>
Guerrero-Kommritz
</taxonomicName>
needs further investigation. However, while it is not the intention to fully revise either
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFE4EFA5D102BFA21" box="[398,589,1432,1457]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Akanthophoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFE4EFA5D102BFA21" box="[398,589,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Akanthophoreus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFDB5FA5D1122FA21" box="[629,836,1432,1457]" class="Malacostraca" family="Akanthophoreidae" genus="Paraleptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFDB5FA5D1122FA21" box="[629,836,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Paraleptognathia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
here, it is unavoidable that synonymies are briefly mentioned; a new look at the
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFE31FA051177FA49" box="[497,785,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">
A. gracilis-A.
<taxonomicName id="4C584D36FFEE036EFD55FA051177FA49" box="[661,785,1472,1497]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leptognathiidae" genus="Leptognathia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tanaidacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiremis">longiremis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
complex from Icelandic/Faroese/west European waters is also in preparation (Bird
<emphasis id="B92CEAA7FFEE036EFE18FA2D106CF991" box="[472,522,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">ined</emphasis>
.)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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