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<document id="950CDC4860DACEAFA8E7F50C814B965B" ID-CLB-Dataset="24229" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4729.1.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6e58b963-16c5-4143-bc52-b5e911af4f87" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3629072" ID-ZooBank="53D586E2-9516-47E8-B033-A7D207CFEFF3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1580180310894" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shimbori, Eduardo M., Wengrat, Ana P. G. S., Savaris, Marcoandre, Galvão, William B., Nanini, Frederico, Garcia, Sarah S. P. &amp; Corrêa, Alberto S." docDate="2020" docId="03D38735A171FFDAF19A3A7CFDB1C186" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4729.1.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4729 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Nealiolus chayohtli Wengrat &amp; Shimbori 2020, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="122" masterDocId="FFEAFF4DA172FFDCF10D3C1FFFD0C151" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Nealiolus Mason (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Brachistinae) reared from pest weevils (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="116" pageNumber="119" updateTime="1698779544884" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="334A5A18DDFE8D979B0225F8DC1D0455" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="716AED67822B8A81E118DDA72A1CF635">
<mods:title id="F8A4E6577ED19389906B08D45D886C4D">Two new species of Nealiolus Mason (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Brachistinae) reared from pest weevils (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="6D3815F8A2FC9282977D77AA87297A25" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F7AE3683C60728864A8298763571A6AD">
<mods:roleTerm id="A3AF5D268CD733EF8945627B791A0BB8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="558D0986C149B01DF745F40C5786F852">Shimbori, Eduardo M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="60CA1731FEC728A45BF6DB67726A07A3" type="personal">
<mods:role id="FB4A4DAA2A1FCBC94671BDFF5394546B">
<mods:roleTerm id="E1FB8BD3061502707CFF16271ACDAF5A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="851493C4394D55D996420B56432784BD">Wengrat, Ana P. G. S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="FB414C73457F55D156EBFD69D4446C4C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CC5BE6A5431D243C144937A39B573412">
<mods:roleTerm id="5D85B315AFD8451069196458F6EF95BD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="69BE9FCF41A35430FF59C66F57D4ABC7">Savaris, Marcoandre</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="7B5543157B2E4CBF0F18F232D886AA4D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CBC8126DB1F21FD37780BB28341B5582">
<mods:roleTerm id="48ECE499514E72A3048850D3F4942E18">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BF86259269437E9D891C109DE7EA5208">Galvão, William B.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="549233DA02D237F9F29A6755CA5D9E88" type="personal">
<mods:role id="87F436B5471511B8600038F49BDDB639">
<mods:roleTerm id="F44E5D1D418EF025941EA9A345792CBB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E132DD7AE93D1D43CFADCF260B483F35">Nanini, Frederico</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="85EE3E8027845CC43D27C623C6262F99" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8C9F69B7C6EB8F719DA4E304083F8E97">
<mods:roleTerm id="FE61C8848F3EB01FD3423A4F1E4B7E8B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="42B234C557A556933ABF88BA56D83FE7">Garcia, Sarah S. P.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4565D65682A4570483469762183025D4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="27BD1F0A2B328702D8B194DB1496681E">
<mods:roleTerm id="1A8DF6EA45422B05C1AE80065BEE258E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2074D2D5177D11EB0888ADEC2119505A">Corrêa, Alberto S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="8094DFC9BF02EE18628FA7FDC88B2C4C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="A351A570E1690E0A4F501C773CEF7CB4" type="host">
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<mods:title id="E3C62F81059ED3385DC102A0D3A95032">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="B251FEFA390902C0D6E06EB3D3D07AD1">
<mods:date id="7447F5AA864069ECD808E43FA619DEE8">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="75F4E7A269F21257162957E61D296ECB" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="BC28BA6BE2A50F98DA9DA87FC9CEBF38">2020-01-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:number id="DE4C524D9DF9D0EDA9367DFBB2B6EB32">4729</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="EDAB134DF9D87AFF34C44A683C020320">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="544AD34C8513CED4564CE8E1B87DB64B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A0242217FA90E394ED829BDC8F008BF8" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4729.1.8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9C43674C4DB4899781B5C78DA8BB7F86" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03D38735A171FFDAF19A3A7CFDB1C186" ID-GBIF-Taxon="161840538" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D38735A171FFDAF19A3A7CFDB1C186" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D38735A171FFDAF19A3A7CFDB1C186" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">
<subSubSection id="C36065A8A171FFDFF19A3A7CFD0DC72F" box="[151,733,1635,1662]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC53623A171FFDFF19A3A7CFD0DC72F" blockId="3.[151,733,1635,1698]" box="[151,733,1635,1662]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">
<heading id="D08D814FA171FFDFF19A3A7CFD0DC72F" bold="true" box="[151,733,1635,1662]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A171FFDFF19A3A7CFD0DC72F" bold="true" box="[151,733,1635,1662]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A171FFDFF19A3A7CFD43C72C" authority="Wengrat &amp; Shimbori" authorityName="Wengrat &amp; Shimbori" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,659,1635,1662]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Nealiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chayohtli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A171FFDFF19A3A7CFE52C72F" bold="true" box="[151,386,1635,1662]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Nealiolus chayohtli</emphasis>
Wengrat &amp; Shimbori
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23D574AA171FFDFF3963A7BFD0DC72F" box="[667,733,1636,1662]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36065A8A171FFDFF19A3A98FEE5C7F3" box="[151,309,1671,1698]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC53623A171FFDFF19A3A98FEE5C7F3" blockId="3.[151,733,1635,1698]" box="[151,309,1671,1698]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">
(
<figureCitation id="13412AA6A171FFDFF1923A98FED4C7F3" box="[159,260,1671,1698]" captionStart="FIGURES 1‒8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1895,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,166,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,166,1875]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1‒8. Nealiolus chayohtli Wengrat &amp; Shimbori sp. n., ♀: 1‒2, habitus, lateral; 3, head, frontal; 4, propodeum, dorsal; 5, fore wing; 6, metasoma, dorsal; 7‒8, pupal chamber of Phymatophosus squameus in stems of Sechium edule (chayote): 7, after adult parasitoid emergence, through circular exit hole; 8, partially opened chamber showing silk cocoon of the parasitoid and the remains (i.e. cephalic capsule) of the last instar host larva." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3629074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3629074/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Figs 1‒8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13412AA6A171FFDFF01D3A97FEFDC7F3" box="[272,301,1672,1698]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="8.[1338,1437,1478,1503]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,841,1459]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,841,1459]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 17. Distribution map for new species of Nealiolus from Brazil: (★) Type locality of N. chayohtli Wengrat &amp; Shimbori sp. n., Amparo, São Paulo. (■) Type locality N. jaboticaba Shimbori &amp; Wengrat sp. n., Piracicaba, São Paulo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3629771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3629771/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">17</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36065A8A171FFDFF19A3AD0FB10C62B" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC53623A171FFDFF19A3AD0FB10C62B" blockId="3.[151,1437,1743,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A171FFDFF19A3AD0FE5AC7BB" bold="true" box="[151,394,1743,1770]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Material Examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B123C7EA171FFDFF0993ACFFE02C607" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2560338099" collectingDate="2018-03-07" collectionCode="R, DCBU" collectorName="M. Souza-Filho &amp; F. Louzeiro &amp; J. A. Azevedo-Filho &amp; M. Savaris." country="Brazil" elevation="789" latitude="-22.745216" location="Boa Vereda" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-46.722466" municipality="Amparo" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" specimenCode="MSWP 09, DCBU #370877" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A171FFDFF0993ACFFDD1C7BB" bold="true" box="[404,513,1744,1770]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">
<typeStatus id="54C18881A171FFDFF0993ACFFDD1C7BB" box="[404,513,1744,1770]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
,
<specimenCount id="9D7CFDAAA171FFDFF31F3ACFFDF7C7BB" box="[530,551,1744,1770]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
“
<collectingCountry id="F36D76B3A171FFDFF3363ACFFD77C7BB" box="[571,679,1744,1770]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49BEF8C1A171FFDFF3B83ACFFCFCC7B8" box="[693,812,1743,1770]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA1AC59A171FFDFF2343ACFFC48C7BB" box="[825,920,1744,1770]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Amparo</collectingMunicipality>
, bairro
<location id="8EA560F8A171FFDFF2FE3ACFFBABC7B8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D38735A171FFDAF19A3A7CFDB1C186:8EA560F8A171FFDFF2FE3ACFFBABC7B8" box="[1011,1147,1743,1770]" country="Brazil" latitude="-22.745216" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-46.722466" municipality="Amparo" name="Boa Vereda" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Boa Vereda</location>
,
<specimenCode id="DBDC9E58A171FFDFF5843ACFFAD2C7BB" box="[1161,1282,1744,1770]" collectionCode="MSWP" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">MSWP 09</specimenCode>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4E50E4A171FFDFF41F3ACFFA4CC7BB" box="[1298,1436,1744,1770]" degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="44.713" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" precision="1" value="-22.745216">22º44.713’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE4E50E4A171FFDFF19A3AECFEFDC65C" box="[151,301,1779,1805]" degrees="46" direction="west" minutes="43.348" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" precision="1" value="-46.722466">46º43.348’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C829BC6A171FFDFF0343AEBFE52C65F" box="[313,386,1780,1806]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.89" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" unit="m" value="789.0">
<elevation id="0057D110A171FFDFF0343AEBFE52C65F" box="[313,386,1780,1806]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.89" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" unit="m" value="789.0">789 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFC410E3A171FFDFF0833AEBFDF3C65F" box="[398,547,1780,1806]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" value="2018-03-07">
<collectingDate id="EF80E90BA171FFDFF0833AEBFDF3C65F" box="[398,547,1780,1806]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" value="2018-03-07">07 Mar 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, reared from pupae of
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A171FFDFF22E3AEBFBBEC65C" authorityName="Faust" authorityYear="1896" box="[803,1134,1779,1806]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phymatophosus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squameus">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A171FFDFF22E3AEBFC04C65F" box="[803,980,1780,1806]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Phymatophosus</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A171FFDFF50D3AEBFBBEC65C" box="[1024,1134,1780,1805]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">squameus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in stems of
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A171FFDFF5F43AEBFEC3C663" authority="(Jacq.) Sw." authorityName="Sw." baseAuthorityName="Jacq." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Sechium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="edule">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A171FFDFF5F43AEBFA4DC65F" box="[1273,1437,1780,1806]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Sechium edule</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Sw.
</taxonomicName>
(chuchu),
<collectorName id="268F53F5A171FFDFF0873B07FDECC660" box="[394,572,1815,1842]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">M. Souza-Filho</collectorName>
, L.
<collectionCode id="ED6BAEE6A171FFDFF3533B07FDA4C663" box="[606,628,1816,1842]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="268F53F5A171FFDFF37A3B07FD2BC660" box="[631,763,1815,1842]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">F. Louzeiro</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="268F53F5A171FFDFF20B3B07FC33C660" box="[774,995,1815,1842]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">J.A. Azevedo-Filho</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="268F53F5A171FFDFF2E03B07FBA0C660" box="[1005,1136,1815,1842]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">M. Savaris.</collectorName>
” Point mounted, deposited at
<collectionCode id="ED6BAEE6A171FFDFF1BF3B23FED0C607" box="[178,256,1852,1878]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5zzs-n4tg" name="Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">DCBU</collectionCode>
(
<specimenCode id="DBDC9E58A171FFDFF0003B23FE1AC607" box="[269,458,1852,1878]" collectionCode="DCBU" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5zzs-n4tg" name="Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">DCBU #370877</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A171FFDFF0D13B23FD84C607" bold="true" box="[476,596,1852,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">
<typeStatus id="54C18881A171FFDFF0D13B23FD84C607" box="[476,596,1852,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="9D7CFDAAA171FFDFF36F3B24FD59C607" box="[610,649,1851,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="female">6 ♀</specimenCount>
s and
<materialsCitation id="3B123C7EA171FFDFF3C63B23FC23C604" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2560338098" box="[715,1011,1851,1878]" collectingDate="2018-03-07" collectionCode="R, DCBU" collectorName="M. Souza-Filho &amp; F. Louzeiro &amp; J. A. Azevedo-Filho &amp; M. Savaris." country="Brazil" elevation="789" latitude="-22.745216" location="Boa Vereda" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-46.722466" municipality="Amparo" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D7CFDAAA171FFDFF3C63B23FD24C607" box="[715,756,1852,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
same data as holotype
</materialsCitation>
;
<specimenCount id="9D7CFDAAA171FFDFF2F03B24FBF4C607" box="[1021,1060,1851,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="female">5 ♀</specimenCount>
s and
<materialsCitation id="3B123C7EA171FFDFF56B3B23FB6CC62B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2560338097" collectingDate="2018-12-06" collectionCode="DCBU, ESALQ" collectorName="M. Souza-Filho &amp; F. Louzeiro &amp; J. A. Azevedo-Filho &amp; M. Savaris." country="Brazil" elevation="789" latitude="-22.745216" location="Boa Vereda" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-46.722466" municipality="Amparo" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Sao Paulo" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D7CFDAAA171FFDFF56B3B23FB41C607" box="[1126,1169,1852,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="male">4 ♂</specimenCount>
s same data as holotype, except date “
<date id="FFC410E3A171FFDFF02A3B40FE64C628" box="[295,436,1887,1913]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" value="2018-12-06">
<collectingDate id="EF80E90BA171FFDFF02A3B40FE64C628" box="[295,436,1887,1913]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" value="2018-12-06">06.XII.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
” (one
<specimenCount id="9D7CFDAAA171FFDFF0F33B7FFDC3C62B" box="[510,531,1888,1914]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
and one
<specimenCount id="9D7CFDAAA171FFDFF3743B7FFD5EC62B" box="[633,654,1888,1914]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
at
<collectionCode id="ED6BAEE6A171FFDFF3BD3B7FFCD2C62B" box="[688,770,1888,1914]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5zzs-n4tg" name="Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">DCBU</collectionCode>
: #370878, #370879; others at
<collectionCode id="ED6BAEE6A171FFDFF5593B7FFB63C62B" box="[1108,1203,1888,1914]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">ESALQ</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36065A8A171FFD8F1CA3B9CFD26C4CE" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC53623A171FFDFF1CA3B9CFA9FC6CF" blockId="3.[151,1437,1743,2022]" box="[199,1359,1923,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A171FFDFF1CA3B9CFEA0C6CF" bold="true" box="[199,368,1923,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Description of</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D7CFDAAA171FFDFF07A3B9BFE5DC6CF" box="[375,397,1924,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
. Body length
<quantity id="4C829BC6A171FFDFF3263B9CFD65C6CF" box="[555,693,1923,1950]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" unit="mm" value="3.1" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.7">2.7‒3.5 mm</quantity>
; fore wing length
<quantity id="4C829BC6A171FFDFF28D3B9BFBDAC6CF" box="[896,1034,1924,1950]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" unit="mm" value="3.05" valueMax="3.4" valueMin="2.7">2.7‒3.4 mm</quantity>
; antenna length
<quantity id="4C829BC6A171FFDFF5CD3B9CFA9AC6CF" box="[1216,1354,1923,1950]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" unit="mm" value="2.9" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.6">2.6‒3.2 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC53623A171FFD8F1CA3BB7FDB0C012" blockId="3.[151,1437,1743,2022]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A171FFDFF1CA3BB7FED8C693" box="[199,264,1960,1986]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Color</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13412AA6A171FFDFF01A3BB8FEACC693" box="[279,380,1959,1986]" captionStart="FIGURES 1‒8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1895,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,166,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,166,1875]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1‒8. Nealiolus chayohtli Wengrat &amp; Shimbori sp. n., ♀: 1‒2, habitus, lateral; 3, head, frontal; 4, propodeum, dorsal; 5, fore wing; 6, metasoma, dorsal; 7‒8, pupal chamber of Phymatophosus squameus in stems of Sechium edule (chayote): 7, after adult parasitoid emergence, through circular exit hole; 8, partially opened chamber showing silk cocoon of the parasitoid and the remains (i.e. cephalic capsule) of the last instar host larva." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3629074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3629074/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Figs 1, 2</figureCitation>
). Body black; mandibles yellowish brown; palpi yellowish brown. Antenna dark brown lighter basally, scape darker than pedicel and flagellum. Fore legs yellow except coxa black with portion apical yellowish brown and trochanter and trochantellus dark brown; mid legs coxa black portion apical yellowish brown, trochanter and trochantellus yellowish brown, femur and tibia dark brown with yellowish brown apex, tarsus yellowish brown; hind legs coxa black with portion apical yellow, trochanter and trochantellus and yellowish brown, femur, tibia dark and tarsus (face ventral yellowish brown dark brown. Wings hyaline, veins and stigma dark brown; tegula black; ovipositor and ovipositor sheaths brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC53623A176FFD8F1CA3D52FB13C332" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F1CA3D52FED4C036" box="[199,260,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13412AA6A176FFD8F01F3D52FE85C036" box="[274,341,333,359]" captionStart="FIGURES 1‒8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1895,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,166,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,166,1875]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1‒8. Nealiolus chayohtli Wengrat &amp; Shimbori sp. n., ♀: 1‒2, habitus, lateral; 3, head, frontal; 4, propodeum, dorsal; 5, fore wing; 6, metasoma, dorsal; 7‒8, pupal chamber of Phymatophosus squameus in stems of Sechium edule (chayote): 7, after adult parasitoid emergence, through circular exit hole; 8, partially opened chamber showing silk cocoon of the parasitoid and the remains (i.e. cephalic capsule) of the last instar host larva." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3629074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3629074/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Covered with white setae. Transverse in frontal view, face 2.3‒2.7 × wider than high; distance be- tween tentorial pits 1.3‒1.4 × height of clypeus; eye height 0.6‒0.7 × face width; clypeus transverse, about 2.3‒2.5 × wider than high; ventral margin weakly convex and without median tooth but with minute obtuse angulation at level of tentorial pits. Face punctate, clypeus transverse mostly polished with sparse punctation; mid-longitudinal carina extending from between antennal sockets just to reach upper part of face; gena, temples and vertex smooth, vertex, frons smooth and distinctly excavated. Transverse in dorsal view, about 1.8‒2.0 × wider than long; eye 1.2‒1.4 × longer than temple; OOL 3.0‒4.0 × OD, POL 0.6‒0.7 × OOL; ocellar triangle with a deep central pit. Antenna with 29‒31 antennomeres, second flagellomere 0.86‒0.95 × longer than first. Scape as long as wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC53623A176FFD8F1CA3E71FBC8C29A" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A176FFD8F1CA3E71FEEFC3D6" box="[199,319,622,647]" class="Arachnida" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F1CA3E71FEEFC3D6" box="[199,319,622,647]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Mesosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Covered with white setae. Pronotum crenulate, with some transverse carina anteriorly and a few longitudinal carina posteriorly. Mesonotum mostly smooth with punctation; notauli deeply and strongly foveolate, converging posteriorly in a strongly rugose area; median lobe of mesoscutum distinctly higher than lateral lobes, weakly rugose and bordered by carina just posteriorly; scutellar sulcus with median carina, smooth otherwise and lateral carina only weakly impressed; mesoscutellar trough mostly smooth weakly punctate and few crenulae near scutellum. Mesopleuron smooth glabrous with distinct and crenulate sternaulus. Metanotum mostly smooth, medially with subtriangular fovea with one strong median carina and with carinae lateral and foveolate. Propodeum (
<figureCitation id="13412AA6A176FFD8F4623F5AFF76C2D2" captionStart="FIGURES 1‒8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1895,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,166,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,166,1875]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1‒8. Nealiolus chayohtli Wengrat &amp; Shimbori sp. n., ♀: 1‒2, habitus, lateral; 3, head, frontal; 4, propodeum, dorsal; 5, fore wing; 6, metasoma, dorsal; 7‒8, pupal chamber of Phymatophosus squameus in stems of Sechium edule (chayote): 7, after adult parasitoid emergence, through circular exit hole; 8, partially opened chamber showing silk cocoon of the parasitoid and the remains (i.e. cephalic capsule) of the last instar host larva." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3629074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3629074/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) strongly carinate over a rather punctate surface; areola distinct and pentagonal, short middle carina, meeting a diagonal carina at mid-length; areas defined by anterior transverse carinae with rugae and posterior transverse carinae complete cutting the areola, straight and sinuous in the middle of the areola.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC53623A176FFD8F1CA3FC9FDABC542" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F1CA3FC9FED4C2BE" box="[199,260,982,1007]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Legs.</emphasis>
Inner spur of hind tibia about 0.3‒0.4 × longer than basitarsus, inner and outer spurs sub-equal; hind fe- mur 3.7‒4.0 × longer than wide (
<figureCitation id="13412AA6A176FFD8F3053FE6FDBEC542" box="[520,622,1017,1043]" captionStart="FIGURES 1‒8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1895,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,166,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,166,1875]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1‒8. Nealiolus chayohtli Wengrat &amp; Shimbori sp. n., ♀: 1‒2, habitus, lateral; 3, head, frontal; 4, propodeum, dorsal; 5, fore wing; 6, metasoma, dorsal; 7‒8, pupal chamber of Phymatophosus squameus in stems of Sechium edule (chayote): 7, after adult parasitoid emergence, through circular exit hole; 8, partially opened chamber showing silk cocoon of the parasitoid and the remains (i.e. cephalic capsule) of the last instar host larva." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3629074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3629074/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Figs 1, 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC53623A176FFD8F1CA3801FACFC50A" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F1CA3801FEDBC566" box="[199,267,1054,1079]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Wings</emphasis>
. Fore wing (
<figureCitation id="13412AA6A176FFD8F0AE3802FE3BC566" box="[419,491,1052,1079]" captionStart="FIGURES 1‒8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1895,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,166,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,166,1875]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1‒8. Nealiolus chayohtli Wengrat &amp; Shimbori sp. n., ♀: 1‒2, habitus, lateral; 3, head, frontal; 4, propodeum, dorsal; 5, fore wing; 6, metasoma, dorsal; 7‒8, pupal chamber of Phymatophosus squameus in stems of Sechium edule (chayote): 7, after adult parasitoid emergence, through circular exit hole; 8, partially opened chamber showing silk cocoon of the parasitoid and the remains (i.e. cephalic capsule) of the last instar host larva." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3629074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3629074/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
): vein r/2RS = 0.4‒0.5; r/(RS+M)b =0.7‒0.9; stigma length/height = 2.6‒3.1; R1/ stigma length; = 1.1‒1.2; veins 1a and 2a present. Hind wing: M+CU/1M = 2.6‒2.7; 1M/r-m = 0.8‒0.9.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC53623A176FFD8F1CA3879FB16C5BA" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F1CA3879FEECC52E" box="[199,316,1126,1151]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Metasoma</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13412AA6A176FFD8F046387AFE5FC5D1" box="[331,399,1125,1152]" captionStart="FIGURES 1‒8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1895,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,166,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,166,1875]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1‒8. Nealiolus chayohtli Wengrat &amp; Shimbori sp. n., ♀: 1‒2, habitus, lateral; 3, head, frontal; 4, propodeum, dorsal; 5, fore wing; 6, metasoma, dorsal; 7‒8, pupal chamber of Phymatophosus squameus in stems of Sechium edule (chayote): 7, after adult parasitoid emergence, through circular exit hole; 8, partially opened chamber showing silk cocoon of the parasitoid and the remains (i.e. cephalic capsule) of the last instar host larva." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3629074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3629074/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Covered with white setae, except medial area of T2. T1 distinctly widening apically, apical width 1.5‒1.6 × its length and 1.6‒1.7 × longer than basal width just basal to basal expansions; dorsal carina strong and complete. T1 and T2 mostly longitudinally striate-rugose, except medially on T2; T3 mostly smooth and polished with fine concentric striations basally. Ovipositor length 1.9‒2.4 × longer than metasoma.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC53623A176FFD8F1CA38EAFD26C4CE" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F1CA38EAFED1C45E" box="[199,257,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Male</emphasis>
. Body length
<quantity id="4C829BC6A176FFD8F09138EAFDF5C45E" box="[412,549,1269,1295]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.4">2.4‒3.1 mm</quantity>
; Antenna 2.2‒3.0 mm; fore wing length
<quantity id="4C829BC6A176FFD8F2EE38EBFBBCC45E" box="[995,1132,1268,1295]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" unit="mm" value="2.8" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.5">2.5‒3.1 mm</quantity>
. Very similar to female, ex- cept: eyes relatively smaller, nearly as long as temple in dorsal view, and ocelli larger (OOL/OD = 1.9‒2.4); petiole narrower, about 1.4 × longer than its apical width; body (head,
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A176FFD8F25B3922FC1CC406" box="[854,972,1341,1367]" class="Arachnida" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">mesosoma</taxonomicName>
and metasoma) black, except for antenna yellowish brown with apical third darker, and legs brown and yellowish brown, some specimens with T2 dark brown and T3 dark brown with posterior margin light brown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36065A8A176FFD8F1CA39B7FB59C77E" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BC53623A176FFD8F1CA39B7FB59C77E" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F1CA39B7FE92C492" bold="true" box="[199,322,1448,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The new species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A176FFD8F38639B5FCFAC492" baseAuthorityName="Martin" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[651,810,1449,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Nealiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriculatus">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F38639B5FCFAC492" box="[651,810,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">N. auriculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having a dark tegula, body black and ovipositor about 2.2 × longer than metasoma. It differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A176FFD8F38339D1FCE0C4B6" baseAuthorityName="Martin" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[654,816,1485,1511]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Nealiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriculatus">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F38339D1FD71C4B6" box="[654,673,1486,1511]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">N</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F3BD39D2FCE0C4B6" box="[688,816,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">auriculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having antenna with 29‒31 antennomeres (
<quantity id="4C829BC6A176FFD8F43239D2FAAAC4B6" box="[1343,1402,1485,1511]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.858" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" unit="in" value="27.0">27 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A176FFD8F48E39D1FEC7C75A" baseAuthorityName="Martin" baseAuthorityYear="1956" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Nealiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriculatus">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F48E39D1FEC7C75A" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">N. auriculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), scape about as long as wide (2 × longer than wide in
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A176FFD8F27239EDFBCFC75A" baseAuthorityName="Martin" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[895,1055,1521,1547]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Nealiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriculatus">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F27239EDFBCFC75A" box="[895,1055,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">N. auriculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and scutellar sulcus with median carina, lateral carina only weakly impressed (with several lateral carina in
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A176FFD8F2D43A09FBA9C77E" baseAuthorityName="Martin" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[985,1145,1557,1583]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Nealiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriculatus">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F2D43A09FBA9C77E" box="[985,1145,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">N. auriculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36065A8A176FFD8F1CA3A27FEF0C7EE" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC53623A176FFD8F1CA3A27FEF0C7EE" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F1CA3A27FE98C702" bold="true" box="[199,328,1592,1619]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Comments</emphasis>
. The DNA barcode sequences were compared with public and private records on Barcode of Life Database (BOLD) and GenBank. The two sequences obtained for the new species are identical, and do not match any of the sequences available in the databases (
<figureCitation id="13412AA6A176FFD8F3D53A9EFCE0C7CA" box="[728,816,1665,1691]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="9.[151,249,1942,1967]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1380,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,1380,1938]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 18. Bayesian phylogenetic tree of COI gene fragment of Nealiolus specimens. Branch lengths are drawn to scale; nodal support values below 0.50 were not recorded in the tree; and nodal support values are given as posterior probabilities above the branches in cases with values higher than 0.90. The scale bar corresponds to the expected number of substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3629078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3629078/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="C6F80398A176FFD8F24D3A9EFC46C7CA" box="[832,918,1665,1691]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,239,838,862]" captionTargetBox="[162,1421,874,1354]" captionText="TABLE 1. Genetic distances among Nealiolus specimens from different countries." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0566ABA17BFFD5F19A3F59FBDBC20E" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" tableUuid="DF0566ABA17BFFD5F19A3F59FBDBC20E">Table 1</tableCitation>
). GenBank accession numbers:
<accessionNumber id="9429ABC0A176FFD8F41E3A9EFA48C7CA" box="[1299,1432,1665,1691]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MN178123" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">MN178123</accessionNumber>
;
<accessionNumber id="9429ABC0A176FFD8F19A3ABAFECCC7EE" box="[151,284,1701,1727]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MN178124" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">MN178124</accessionNumber>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36065A8A176FFD8F1CA3AD7FC1AC68E" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC53623A176FFD8F1CA3AD7FAC9C7B2" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" box="[199,1305,1736,1763]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F1CA3AD7FEB1C7B2" bold="true" box="[199,353,1736,1763]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Distribution.</emphasis>
Neotropical. Known only from
<typeStatus id="54C18881A176FFD8F3C43AD6FCD1C7B2" box="[713,769,1737,1763]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Type</typeStatus>
locality at Amparo,
<collectingRegion id="49BEF8C1A176FFD8F2EB3AD6FB8AC7B2" box="[998,1114,1737,1763]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36D76B3A176FFD8F5693AD6FB78C7B2" box="[1124,1192,1737,1763]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="13412AA6A176FFD8F5B53AD6FADCC7B2" box="[1208,1292,1737,1763]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="8.[1338,1437,1478,1503]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,841,1459]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,841,1459]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 17. Distribution map for new species of Nealiolus from Brazil: (★) Type locality of N. chayohtli Wengrat &amp; Shimbori sp. n., Amparo, São Paulo. (■) Type locality N. jaboticaba Shimbori &amp; Wengrat sp. n., Piracicaba, São Paulo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3629771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3629771/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC53623A176FFD8F1CA3AF2FC1AC68E" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F1CA3AF2FE58C656" bold="true" box="[199,392,1772,1799]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Natural history.</emphasis>
All specimens in the
<typeStatus id="54C18881A176FFD8F3843AF2FD69C656" box="[649,697,1773,1799]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">type</typeStatus>
series are associated with the weevil
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A176FFD8F57F3AF2FECDC67A" authority="Faust, 1896" authorityName="Faust" authorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phymatophosus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squameus">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F57F3AF2FA4CC656" box="[1138,1436,1773,1799]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Phymatophosus squameus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4BD2A176FFD8F19A3B0EFECDC67A" author="Faust, J." box="[151,285,1809,1835]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" pagination="83 - 84" refId="ref8180" refString="Faust, J. (1896) Reise von E. Simon in Venezuela. Curculionidae. (pars tertia). Stettiner Entomologische Zeihmg, 57, 83 - 84." type="journal article" year="1896">Faust, 1896</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A176FFD8F0233B0EFE7EC67A" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[302,430,1809,1835]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A176FFD8F0B63B0EFD8DC67A" baseAuthorityName="Shaw" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[443,605,1809,1835]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Curculionidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A176FFD8F3663B0EFCE7C67D" authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" box="[619,823,1809,1836]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cryptorhynchinae">Cryptorhynchinae</taxonomicName>
) in stems of chayote –
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A176FFD8F5473B0EFE9EC601" authority="(Jacq.) Swartz" authorityName="Swartz" baseAuthorityName="Jacq." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Sechium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="edule">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F5473B0EFB20C67A" box="[1098,1264,1809,1835]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Sechium edule</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Swartz (Cucurbitaceae)
</taxonomicName>
. The larvae of
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A176FFD8F0F83B29FDAFC61E" authorityName="Faust" authorityYear="1896" box="[501,639,1846,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phymatophosus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squameus">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F0F83B29FDAFC61E" box="[501,639,1846,1871]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">P. squameus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
pupate inside old stems of chayote. We opened stems with signs of infestation by the weevil in the laboratory and observed several pupal chambers, along adults and larvae of the weevil. Many pupal chambers were parasitised by
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A176FFD8F37A3B61FD2FC6C6" authority="Shimbori &amp; Wengrat &amp; Savaris &amp; Galvão &amp; Nanini &amp; Garcia &amp; Corrêa, 2020" authorityName="Shimbori &amp; Wengrat &amp; Savaris &amp; Galvão &amp; Nanini &amp; Garcia &amp; Corrêa" authorityYear="2020" box="[631,767,1917,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Nealiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chayohtli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F37A3B61FD2FC6C6" box="[631,767,1917,1943]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">N. chayohtli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A176FFD8F20A3B62FC96C6C6" bold="true" box="[775,838,1917,1943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23D574AA176FFD8F20A3B62FC96C6C6" box="[775,838,1917,1943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13412AA6A176FFD8F2583B62FC4AC6C6" box="[853,922,1917,1943]" captionStart="FIGURES 1‒8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1895,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,166,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,166,1875]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1‒8. Nealiolus chayohtli Wengrat &amp; Shimbori sp. n., ♀: 1‒2, habitus, lateral; 3, head, frontal; 4, propodeum, dorsal; 5, fore wing; 6, metasoma, dorsal; 7‒8, pupal chamber of Phymatophosus squameus in stems of Sechium edule (chayote): 7, after adult parasitoid emergence, through circular exit hole; 8, partially opened chamber showing silk cocoon of the parasitoid and the remains (i.e. cephalic capsule) of the last instar host larva." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3629074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3629074/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). The larva of the parasitoid kills the host just after the host larvae finishes the construction of the pupal chamber, and weaving of a silk cocoon within the chamber (
<figureCitation id="13412AA6A176FFD8F1AD3BDAFF33C68E" box="[160,227,1989,2015]" captionStart="FIGURES 1‒8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1895,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,166,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,166,1875]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1‒8. Nealiolus chayohtli Wengrat &amp; Shimbori sp. n., ♀: 1‒2, habitus, lateral; 3, head, frontal; 4, propodeum, dorsal; 5, fore wing; 6, metasoma, dorsal; 7‒8, pupal chamber of Phymatophosus squameus in stems of Sechium edule (chayote): 7, after adult parasitoid emergence, through circular exit hole; 8, partially opened chamber showing silk cocoon of the parasitoid and the remains (i.e. cephalic capsule) of the last instar host larva." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3629074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3629074/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
), and the adult wasp emerges by chewing an exit hole in the stem.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF0566ABA177FFD9F19A3B78FCE4C6BD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3629074" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3629074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3629074/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" startId="5.[151,264,1895,1920]" targetBox="[151,1435,166,1875]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BC53623A177FFD9F19A3B78FCE4C6BD" blockId="5.[151,1437,1895,2028]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A177FFD9F19A3B78FEEAC6D1" bold="true" box="[151,314,1895,1920]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">FIGURES 1‒8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A177FFD9F04D3B77FD0DC6D1" authority="Wengrat &amp; Shimbori" authorityName="Wengrat &amp; Shimbori" authorityYear="2020" box="[320,733,1895,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Nealiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chayohtli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A177FFD9F04D3B77FDD4C6D1" box="[320,516,1896,1920]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Nealiolus chayohtli</emphasis>
Wengrat &amp; Shimbori
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A177FFD9F3EE3B77FCCBC6D1" bold="true" box="[739,795,1896,1920]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23D574AA177FFD9F3EE3B77FCCBC6D1" box="[739,795,1896,1920]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, ♀: 1‒2, habitus, lateral; 3, head, frontal; 4, propodeum, dorsal; 5, fore wing; 6, metasoma, dorsal; 7‒8, pupal chamber of
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A177FFD9F3FC3B93FC2DC6F2" authorityName="Faust" authorityYear="1896" box="[753,1021,1932,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phymatophosus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squameus">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A177FFD9F3FC3B93FC2DC6F2" box="[753,1021,1932,1956]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Phymatophosus squameus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in stems of
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4DA0A177FFD9F5733B93FAC3C6F5" box="[1150,1299,1932,1956]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Sechium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="edule">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A177FFD9F5733B93FAC3C6F5" box="[1150,1299,1932,1956]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Sechium edule</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(chayote): 7, after adult parasitoid emergence, through circular exit hole; 8, partially opened chamber showing silk cocoon of the parasitoid and the remains (i.e. cephalic capsule) of the last instar host larva.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C36065A8A174FFDAF1CA3C86FDB1C186" pageId="6" pageNumber="122" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BC53623A174FFDAF1CA3C86FDB1C186" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,215]" pageId="6" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis id="B90EEA31A174FFDAF1CA3C86FE9EC1E2" bold="true" box="[199,334,153,179]" pageId="6" pageNumber="122">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name is the Nahuati language (i.e. Aztec) word for chayote, from which the Spanish name derived, meaning ‘prickly squash’.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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