684 lines
72 KiB
XML
684 lines
72 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="3DCBAEBECC8ADD21F7CE6698B34D5DF8">New Records of Chikunia subrapulum (Zhu, 1998), n. comb., (Araneae: Theridiidae) from Japan, with Taxonomical and Nomenclatural Notes</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F0AB5AFF2D86B6B18679E5EA664CF9ED">Jones, Sumathi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1685C867AEF960F4E9C0068E3C8672C4">Sheriff, Dhastangir</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12552928" ID-GBIF-Taxon="233798524" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12552928" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="126" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">
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<heading id="D0D081FDFFB09E61FAACFD99FD587C45" box="[163,647,556,581]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB09E61FAACFD99FDC07C45" ID-CoL="C6QRJ" authority="(Zhu, 1998)" authorityName="Brindha & Prabhu & Jones & Janaki & Sheriff & Kumar & Kalaivani & Lakshmi" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Zhu" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[163,543,556,581]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Chikunia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subrapulum" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FAACFD99FE497C44" bold="true" box="[163,406,556,580]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Chikunia subrapulum</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B60FFB09E61FBAAFD98FDC87C45" author="Zhu, M. S." box="[421,535,557,581]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" refId="ref3303" refString="Zhu, M. S. 1998. Fauna Sinica: Arachnida: Araneae: Theridiidae. Science Press, Beijing, 436 pp (in Chinese)." type="book" year="1998">Zhu, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057F8FFB09E61F825FD98FD587C45" box="[554,647,557,581]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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<paragraph id="8B983691FFB09E61FADFFDE5FD867C67" blockId="1.[140,670,556,1129]" box="[208,601,591,615]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">[Japanese name: Kabura-himegumo]</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D651AFFB09E61FB6CFDC3FE197C8D" box="[355,454,630,653]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B983691FFB09E61FB6CFDC3FE197C8D" blockId="1.[140,670,556,1129]" box="[355,454,630,653]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">
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(
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<figureCitation id="131C2A14FFB09E61FB66FDC3FE607C8D" box="[361,447,630,653]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[163,205,1288,1310]" captionTargetBox="[159,1214,213,1251]" captionTargetId="figure-142@2.[159,1217,213,1255]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–9. Chikunia subrapulum (Zhu, 1998). 1–2, female and male, dorsal view; 3–4, male left palp, ventral view; 5–6, epigynum, ventral view; 7–8, epigynum, lateral view; 9, chelicerae, ventral view. Scales: 1–2: 1mm; 3–9: 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12552936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12552936/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Figs. 1–9</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D651AFFB09E61FA83FD2FFF287CCD" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711BFFFB09E61FA83FD2FFD417CB0" box="[140,670,666,688]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A861080FFB09E61FA83FD2FFE2E7CB0" author="Zhu, M. S." box="[140,497,666,688]" page="47" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" year="1998">
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB09E61FA83FD2FFE2E7CB0" ID-CoL="V36P" authority="Zhu, 1998, p. 47" authorityName="Zhu" authorityPageNumber="47" authorityYear="1998" box="[140,497,666,688]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Chrysso" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subrapulum">
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||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FA83FD2FFE957CAF" box="[140,330,666,687]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Chrysso subrapulum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B60FFB09E61FB5DFD2FFE6C7CB0" author="Zhu, M. S." box="[338,435,666,688]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" refId="ref3303" refString="Zhu, M. S. 1998. Fauna Sinica: Arachnida: Araneae: Theridiidae. Science Press, Beijing, 436 pp (in Chinese)." type="book" year="1998">Zhu, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 47
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 65, 361, 390, fig.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
37 A–C,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D651AFFB09E61FB0EFD02FDFA7D43" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B983691FFB09E61FB0EFD02FDFA7D43" blockId="1.[140,670,556,1129]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">
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<materialsCitation id="3B4F3CCCFFB09E61FB0EFD02FDFE7D43" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4899598301" collectingDate="1989-06-01" collectorName="M.- S. Zhu" country="China" county="Hefeng County" latitude="29.48" location="Chinese Academy of Sciences" longLatPrecision="736" longitude="110.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hubei" typeStatus="holotype">
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♂
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||
<typeStatus id="549C8833FFB09E61FB2DFD0DFEAE7CCE" box="[290,369,696,718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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from
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<collectingCounty id="62F94E1DFFB09E61FBBDFD0DFD9D7CCD" box="[434,578,696,718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Hefeng County</collectingCounty>
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(
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,
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),
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<collectingRegion id="49E3F873FFB09E61FB06FD60FE417CEB" box="[265,414,725,747]" country="China" name="Hubei" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Hubei Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB09E61FBA3FD60FE3B7CEB" box="[428,484,725,747]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">China</collectingCountry>
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,
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<date id="FF991051FFB09E61FBFDFD60FD847CEA" box="[498,603,725,746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="1989-06-01">
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<collectingDate id="EFDDE9B9FFB09E61FBFDFD60FD847CEA" box="[498,603,725,746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="1989-06-01">1–VI–1989</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
|
||
<collectorName id="26D25347FFB09E61F866FD60FF137D08" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">M.-S. Zhu</collectorName>
|
||
leg., preserved in the
|
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<location id="8EF8604AFFB09E61FBA6FD47FF037D25" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB09E61FBA6FD47FF037D25" country="China" county="Hefeng County" latitude="29.48" longLatPrecision="736" longitude="110.0" name="Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" stateProvince="Hubei">Chinese Academy of Sciences</location>
|
||
, not examined. —
|
||
<collectorName id="26D25347FFB09E61FB9FFCA5FE1E7D25" box="[400,449,784,805]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Song</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="26D25347FFB09E61FBC2FCA5FE2D7D26" box="[461,498,784,806]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Zhu</collectorName>
|
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&
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<collectorName id="26D25347FFB09E61F81CFCA5FD9A7D26" box="[531,581,784,806]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Chen</collectorName>
|
||
, 1999, p. 107, fig. 50 M–N;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B60FFB09E61FB40FC98FE037D43" author="Zhu, M. S. & J. X. Zhang & Z. S. Zhang & H. M. Chen" box="[335,476,813,835]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" pagination="490 - 555" refId="ref3367" refString="Zhu, M. S., J. X. Zhang, Z. S. Zhang and H. M. Chen 2005. Arachnida: Araneae. In Yang, M. F. and D. C. Jin (eds.): Insects from Dashahe Nature Reserve of Guizhou, pp. 490 - 555. Guizhou People`s Publishing House, Guiyang." type="book chapter" year="2005">
|
||
Zhu
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FB76FC9BFE777D42" box="[377,424,813,835]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 496
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33D651AFFB09E61FA83FCFFFDFE7DD5" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711BFFFB09E61FA83FCFFFE407D7D" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A861080FFB09E61FA83FCFFFD8C7D60" author="Zhu, M. S. & B. S. Zhang" box="[140,595,842,864]" page="88" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" year="2011">
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB09E61FA83FCFFFD8C7D60" ID-CoL="V36P" authority="Zhu and Zhang, 2011, p. 88" authorityName="Zhu and Zhang" authorityPageNumber="88" authorityYear="2011" box="[140,595,842,864]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Chrysso" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subrapula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FA83FCFFFEE47D5F" box="[140,315,842,863]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Chrysso subrapula</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B60FFB09E61FB4BFCFFFDCB7D60" author="Zhu, M. S. & B. S. Zhang" box="[324,532,842,864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" refId="ref3332" refString="Zhu, M. S. and B. S. Zhang 2011. Spider Fauna of Henan: Arachnida: Araneae. Science Press, Beijing, 558 pp (in Chinese)." type="book" year="2011">Zhu and Zhang, 2011</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 88
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 49 A–C;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE54FFB09E61FAD0FCDDFECD7D7D" box="[223,274,872,893]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/cnv0-s4bi" name="Westfield State College, Museum and Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">WSC</collectionCode>
|
||
, ver. 24, 2023,
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
the list for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB09E61F81FFCDDFDA37D7E" ID-CoL="H6N" authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1833" box="[528,636,872,894]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Theridiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. — Incorrect emendation of the species name. New synonymy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B983691FFB09E61FA83FC75FDFE7DD5" blockId="1.[140,670,556,1129]" box="[140,545,960,982]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB09E61FA83FC75FEC17DD5" ID-CoL="H6N" authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1833" box="[140,286,960,982]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Undetermined" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">Theridiidae sp.:</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B60FFB09E61FB29FC75FE417DD5" author="Bando, H." box="[294,414,960,982]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref2784" refString="Bando, H. 2021. The Spiders (Araneae, Arachnida) found in Kaiyo Town (Kaihu-gun, Tokushima Prefecture, Shikoku, Japan). Proceedings of Awagakkai 63: 1 - 13 (in Japanese)." type="journal article" year="2021">Bando, 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 3, fig. 14,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33D651AFFB09E61F826FC75FE5D7A68" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B983691FFB09E61F826FC75FE5D7A68" blockId="1.[140,670,556,1129]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3CCCFFB09E61F826FC75FE5D7A68" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4899598302" collectingDate="2020-08-03" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">
|
||
1 ♀, Nakao, Funatsu,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB09E61FAF2FC68FEA67DF2" box="[253,377,989,1010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="2020-07-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDDE9B9FFB09E61FAF2FC68FEA67DF2" box="[253,377,989,1010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="2020-07-30">30–VII–2020</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 1 ♀, Kamikaitsu, Aikawa,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB09E61F889FC68FED77A10" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="2020-08-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDDE9B9FFB09E61F889FC68FED77A10" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="2020-08-03">3– VIII–2020</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, both from Kaiyo-cho, Kaifu-gun,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3F873FFB09E61FAA8FBADFEAD7A2E" box="[167,370,1048,1070]" country="Japan" name="Tokushima" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Tokushima Prefecture</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Shikoku,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB09E61FBDAFBADFDD47A2D" box="[469,523,1048,1069]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26D25347FFB09E61F819FBADFDB17A2E" box="[534,622,1048,1070]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">H. Bando</collectorName>
|
||
leg., preserved in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3F873FFB09E61FB6DFB80FE197A4B" box="[354,454,1077,1099]" country="Japan" name="Tokushima" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Tokushima</collectingRegion>
|
||
Prefectural Museum (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE54FFB09E61FAA2FBE6FF2E7A69" box="[173,241,1107,1129]" country="Japan" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15119" name="Tokushima Prefectural Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" type="Herbarium">TKPM</collectionCode>
|
||
), not examined.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33D651AFFB09E63FAA8FB17FBB47B45" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="126" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B983691FFB09E61FAA8FB17FCA37ADD" blockId="1.[140,669,1186,1800]" lastBlockId="1.[707,1236,215,1245]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FAA8FB17FEC67ABA" box="[167,281,1186,1210]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The modification of the ending of the species name made by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B60FFB09E61FBE2FB70FF0D7AFF" author="Zhu, M. S. & B. S. Zhang" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" refId="ref3332" refString="Zhu, M. S. and B. S. Zhang 2011. Spider Fauna of Henan: Arachnida: Araneae. Science Press, Beijing, 558 pp (in Chinese)." type="book" year="2011">Zhu and Zhang (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was grammatically incorrect and was regarded as the suggestion of a new name by an incorrect emendation. The present authors have changed the species name back to the original spelling in accordance with the terms (article 11.9, 33.2 and others) of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE54FFB09E61FBD3FA02FDFF7BCF" box="[476,544,1463,1487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">ICZN</collectionCode>
|
||
). In detail,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B60FFB09E61FA83FA6FFED57BF2" author="Zhu, M. S." box="[140,266,1498,1522]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" refId="ref3303" refString="Zhu, M. S. 1998. Fauna Sinica: Arachnida: Araneae: Theridiidae. Science Press, Beijing, 436 pp (in Chinese)." type="book" year="1998">Zhu (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
named it
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FB8CFA6FFE6E7BF2" box="[387,433,1498,1522]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">sub-</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB09E61FBBEFA6FFDC57BF2" authorityName="Yaginuma" authorityYear="1960" box="[433,538,1498,1522]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rapulum">
|
||
+
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FBCFFA6FFDC57BF2" box="[448,538,1498,1522]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">rapulum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because of its resemblance to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB09E61FB58FA48FF1B7837" authority="Yaginuma, 1960" authorityName="Yaginuma" authorityYear="1960" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rapulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FB58FA48FDFD7815" box="[343,546,1533,1557]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Theridion rapulum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B60FFB09E61F825FA48FF1B7837" author="Yaginuma, T." pageId="1" pageNumber="124" refId="ref3074" refString="Yaginuma, T. 1960. Spiders of Japan in Colour. Hoikusha, Osaka, 186 pp (in Japanese)." type="book" year="1960">Yaginuma, 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, originally described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB09E61FBE5F995FDF57837" box="[490,554,1568,1591]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. However, the Japanese spider has a different name (a senior synonym),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB09E61FB0AF9D0FD8B787C" authority="(Saito, 1935)" baseAuthorityName="Saito" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[261,596,1636,1661]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Chikunia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FB0AF9D0FE62787D" box="[261,445,1637,1661]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Chikunia albipes</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B60FFB09E61FBC2F9D0FD92787C" author="Saito, S." box="[461,589,1636,1661]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" pagination="58 - 61" refId="ref2894" refString="Saito, S. 1935. Further notes on spiders from southern Saghalien, with descriptions of three new species. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses 15: 58 - 61." type="journal article" year="1935">Saito, 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, at the present, and its distributional range extends to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB09E61FA83F91FFF0F78C1" box="[140,208,1706,1729]" name="South Korea" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB09E61FAD4F91FFEC478C2" box="[219,283,1706,1730]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the Russian Far East as well as
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB09E61FA83F978FF1378E4" box="[140,204,1741,1764]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB09E61FAD4F978FE7678E5" authorityName="Yaginuma" authorityYear="1960" box="[219,425,1741,1765]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rapulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FAD4F978FE7678E5" box="[219,425,1741,1765]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Theridion rapulum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was transferred from its original genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB09E61FB40F95AFD5F7907" authority="Walckenaer, 1805" authorityName="Walckenaer" authorityYear="1805" box="[335,640,1775,1799]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FB40F95AFE677907" box="[335,440,1775,1799]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Theridion</emphasis>
|
||
Walckenaer, 1805
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB09E61F8CCFF62FB897EEF" authority="O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882" authorityName="O. Pickard-Cambridge" authorityYear="1882" box="[707,1110,215,239]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Chrysso" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61F8CCFF62FCC57EEF" box="[707,794,215,239]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Chrysso</emphasis>
|
||
O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B60FFB09E61FE71FF62FCD57F12" author="Yoshida, H." pageId="1" pageNumber="124" pagination="27 - 34" refId="ref3134" refString="Yoshida, H. 1993. East Asian species of the genus Chrysso (Araneae: Theridiidae). Acta Arachnologica 42: 27 - 34." type="journal article" year="1993">Yoshida (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB09E61FE1BFF4FFC9F7F34" authority="Saito, 1935" authorityName="Saito" authorityYear="1935" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FE1BFF4FFB0B7F12" box="[1044,1236,250,274]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Theridula albipes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B60FFB09E61F8CCFEA8FC9F7F34" author="Saito, S." box="[707,832,284,309]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" pagination="58 - 61" refId="ref2894" refString="Saito, S. 1935. Further notes on spiders from southern Saghalien, with descriptions of three new species. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses 15: 58 - 61." type="journal article" year="1935">Saito, 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B60FFB09E61F960FEA8FBC67F35" author="Yoshida, H." box="[879,1049,285,309]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" pagination="157 - 181" refId="ref3161" refString="Yoshida, H. 2001. A revision of the Japanese genera and species of the subfamily Theridiinae (Araneae: Theridiidae). Acta Arachnologica 50: 157 - 181." type="journal article" year="2001">Yoshida (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and finally, further transferred to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB09E61F9FAFE8AFB887F57" authorityName="Yoshida" authorityYear="2009" box="[1013,1111,319,343]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Chikunia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61F9FAFE8AFB887F57" box="[1013,1111,319,343]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Chikunia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
established with this species as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549C8833FFB09E61F9C3FED7FC257F7A" box="[972,1018,354,378]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B60FFB09E61FE71FED7FCF87F9D" author="Yoshida, H." pageId="1" pageNumber="124" pagination="71 - 74" refId="ref3193" refString="Yoshida, H. 2009 a. Three new genera and three new species of the family Theridiidae. In Ono, H. (ed.): The Spiders of Japan with Keys to the Families and Genera and Illustrations of the Species, pp. 71 - 74. Tokai University Press, Kanagawa." type="book chapter" year="2009">Yoshida (2009 a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Although the motive for naming of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB09E61F8CCFE12FC517FBF" authorityName="Yaginuma" authorityYear="1960" box="[707,910,423,447]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rapulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61F8CCFE12FC517FBF" box="[707,910,423,447]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Theridion rapulum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not stated in the original description, Yaginuma explained its etymology on another occasion. In
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B60FFB09E61F9ECFE58FC4F7C27" author="Yaginuma, T. & Y. Hirashima & C. Okuma" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" refId="ref3097" refString="Yaginuma, T., Y. Hirashima and C. Okuma 1990. Spiders, Etymology of their Scientific and Japanese Names. iv + 287 pp (in Japanese). Kyushu University Press." type="book" year="1990">Yaginuma, Hirashima and Okuma (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 142, they stated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB09E61FE96FDA5FD347C4A" authorityName="Yaginuma" authorityYear="1960" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rapulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FE96FDA5FD347C4A" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">rapulum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a Latin word (a neuter noun) meaning a little turnip (
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61F942FDE0FC4C7C6C" box="[845,915,597,620]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">rapum</emphasis>
|
||
with diminutive) because the shape of the abdomen of the spider resembled the shape of the vegetable. Therefore, the species name made by a noun in apposition does not change its ending when the gender of the genus changes. The problem would not have arisen if the genitive case of the noun,
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FE39FC90FBA87D3D" box="[1078,1143,805,829]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">rapuli</emphasis>
|
||
, or the adjective
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61F921FCFDFCA07D5F" box="[814,895,840,863]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">rapinus</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61F99DFCFDFC777D5F" box="[914,936,840,863]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">-a</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61F9B5FCFDFC3B7D5F" box="[954,996,840,863]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">-um</emphasis>
|
||
or
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FE1FFCF2FB5E7D5F" box="[1040,1153,839,863]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">rapiformis</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FE9CFCFDFB727D5F" box="[1171,1197,840,863]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">-is</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FEB0FCFDFB0B7D5F" box="[1215,1236,840,863]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">-e</emphasis>
|
||
had been used, but the word used in reality is clearly the nominative of a noun. Moreover, because Latin grammar indicates that the prefix sub- changes to sur- when attached to a word beginning with r, the species name made by
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FEA9FC40FB147A0D" box="[1190,1227,1013,1037]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">sub</emphasis>
|
||
-
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB09E61F8CCFBADFCF37A2F" authorityName="Yaginuma" authorityYear="1960" box="[707,812,1047,1071]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rapulum">
|
||
+
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61F8DDFBA2FCF37A2F" box="[722,812,1047,1071]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">rapulum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be expressed as
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FE35FBA2FB697A2F" box="[1082,1206,1047,1071]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">surrapulum</emphasis>
|
||
in the nominative case, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61F9DEFB8FFBEB7A52" box="[977,1076,1082,1106]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">surrapuli</emphasis>
|
||
in the genitive case. Unfortunately, this grammatically correct change is not permissible under the agreement of
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE54FFB09E61F8CCFB17FCDB7ABA" box="[707,772,1186,1210]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">ICZN</collectionCode>
|
||
, thus the original spelling
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB09E61FE27FB17FB787ABA" authorityName="Zhu" authorityYear="1998" box="[1064,1191,1186,1210]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Chrysso" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subrapulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61FE27FB17FB787ABA" box="[1064,1191,1186,1210]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">subrapulum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has to be maintained.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B983691FFB09E62F8D2FABFFB14789F" blockId="1.[707,1236,1289,1799]" lastBlockId="2.[707,1236,1429,1695]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="125" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB09E61F8D2FABFFC167B22" box="[733,969,1290,1314]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Specimens examined</emphasis>
|
||
. 1 ♀,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB09E61FE31FABFFB107B22" box="[1086,1231,1290,1314]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="2015-09-10">10–IX–2015</date>
|
||
, 1 ♀1 ♂,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB09E61F926FA98FC1B7B45" box="[809,964,1325,1349]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="2016-08-11">
|
||
11–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE54FFB09E61F941FA98FCA17B45" box="[846,894,1325,1349]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">VIII</collectionCode>
|
||
–2016
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 2 ♂,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB09E61FE04FA98FB4A7B45" box="[1035,1173,1325,1349]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="2017-06-12">
|
||
12–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE54FFB09E61FE3CFA98FB8F7B45" box="[1075,1104,1325,1349]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
–2017
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 3 ♀,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB09E61F8CCFAFAFC817B67" box="[707,862,1359,1383]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="2017-08-24">
|
||
24–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE54FFB09E61F8E4FAFAFCC57B67" box="[747,794,1359,1383]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">VIII</collectionCode>
|
||
–2017
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 1 ♀,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB09E61F9C1FAFAFB957B67" box="[974,1098,1359,1383]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="2018-09-07">7–IX–2018</date>
|
||
, 1 ♂,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB09E61FEB6FAFAFCFB7B8A" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="2020-06-03">
|
||
3–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE54FFB09E61F8CCFAC7FD007B8A" box="[707,735,1394,1418]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
–2020
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB09E61F936FAC7FC777B8A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB09E61F936FAC7FC777B8A" box="[825,936,1394,1418]" country="Japan" county="Honshu" latitude="35.4502" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="137.8422" municipality="Nagano Pref." name="Ikenotaira" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Ikenotaira</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB09E61F9B3FAC7FBDB7B89" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB09E61F9B3FAC7FBDB7B89" box="[956,1028,1394,1417]" country="Japan" county="Honshu" latitude="35.4502" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="137.8422" municipality="Nagano Pref." name="Tatsue" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Tatsue</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB09E61FE17FAC7FBB37B8A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB09E61FE17FAC7FBB37B8A" box="[1048,1132,1394,1418]" country="Japan" county="Honshu" latitude="35.4502" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="137.8422" municipality="Nagano Pref." name="Iida-shi" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Iida-shi</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACEBFFB09E61FE8EFAC7FD267BAD" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Nagano Pref.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62F94E1DFFB09E61F902FA20FCBC7BAD" box="[781,867,1429,1453]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Honshu</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB09E61F977FA20FC6A7BAC" box="[888,949,1429,1452]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE135056FFB09E61F9C3FA21FBE47BAC" box="[972,1083,1428,1452]" degrees="35.4502" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" precision="5" value="35.4502">35.4502N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE135056FFB09E61FE40FA20FB167BAD" box="[1103,1225,1429,1453]" degrees="137.8422" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" precision="5" value="137.8422">137.8422E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); 1 ♂,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB09E61F90BFA02FC527BCF" box="[772,909,1463,1487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="2021-06-17">
|
||
17–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE54FFB09E61F924FA02FC977BCF" box="[811,840,1463,1487]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
–2021
|
||
</date>
|
||
, Shimo-hisakata-kakinosawa,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB09E61F8CCFA6FFCC87BF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB09E61F8CCFA6FFCC87BF2" box="[707,791,1498,1522]" country="Japan" latitude="35.4607" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="137.8499" municipality="Honshu" name="Iida-shi" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" stateProvince="Nagano">Iida-shi</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3F873FFB09E61F94FFA6FFC307BF2" box="[832,1007,1498,1522]" country="Japan" name="Nagano" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Nagano Pref.</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACEBFFB09E61FE17FA6FFBB17BF2" box="[1048,1134,1498,1522]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Honshu</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB09E61FE98FA6FFB0B7BF1" box="[1175,1236,1498,1521]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE135056FFB09E61F8C5FA49FCE77814" box="[714,824,1532,1556]" degrees="35.4607" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" precision="5" value="35.4607">35.4607N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE135056FFB09E61F95DFA48FC147815" box="[850,971,1533,1557]" degrees="137.8499" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" precision="5" value="137.8499">137.8499E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); 1 ♀,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB09E61FE3AFA48FB0F7815" box="[1077,1232,1533,1557]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="1990-08-21">
|
||
21–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE54FFB09E61FE53FA48FB537815" box="[1116,1164,1533,1557]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">VIII</collectionCode>
|
||
–1990
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB09E61F8CCF9AAFCF07837" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB09E61F8CCF9AAFCF07837" box="[707,815,1567,1591]" country="Japan" county="Honshu" latitude="34.9007" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="138.9239" municipality="Tagata-gun" name="Sagasawa" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" stateProvince="Shizuoka">Sagasawa</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB09E61F94DF9AAFC187837" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB09E61F94DF9AAFC187837" box="[834,967,1567,1591]" country="Japan" county="Honshu" latitude="34.9007" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="138.9239" municipality="Tagata-gun" name="Kadonohara" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" stateProvince="Shizuoka">Kadonohara</location>
|
||
, Amagi-yugashima-cho,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACEBFFB09E61F8CCF9F7FCE2785A" box="[707,829,1602,1626]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Tagata-gun</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3F873FFB09E61F956F9F7FBD5785A" box="[857,1034,1602,1626]" country="Japan" name="Shizuoka" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Shizuoka Pref.</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62F94E1DFFB09E61FE29F9F7FBA3785A" box="[1062,1148,1602,1626]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Honshu</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB09E61FE98F9F7FB0B7859" box="[1175,1236,1602,1625]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE135056FFB09E61F8C5F9D0FCE7787D" box="[714,824,1637,1661]" degrees="34.9007" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" precision="5" value="34.9007">34.9007N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE135056FFB09E61F948F9D0FC1F787D" box="[839,960,1637,1661]" degrees="138.9239" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" precision="5" value="138.9239">138.9239E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); 7 ♀,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB09E61FE1DF9D0FB51787D" box="[1042,1166,1637,1661]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="2013-09-07">7–IX–2013</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB09E61FE93F9D0FCD1789F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB09E61FE93F9D0FCD1789F" country="Japan" county="Honshu" latitude="34.884" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="136.1117" municipality="Iga-shi" name="Takitaniike" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" stateProvince="Mie">Takitaniike</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB09E61F911F932FC4C789F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB09E61F911F932FC4C789F" box="[798,915,1671,1695]" country="Japan" county="Honshu" latitude="34.884" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="136.1117" municipality="Iga-shi" name="Makiyama" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" stateProvince="Mie">Makiyama</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACEBFFB09E61F9ADF932FC30789F" box="[930,1007,1671,1695]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Iga-shi</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3F873FFB09E61F9F1F932FBB4789F" box="[1022,1131,1671,1695]" country="Japan" name="Mie" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Mie Pref.</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62F94E1DFFB09E61FE75F932FB0F789F" box="[1146,1232,1671,1695]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Honshu</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB09E61F8CCF91FFCDF78C1" box="[707,768,1706,1729]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE135056FFB09E61F91BF91FFC5D78C2" box="[788,898,1706,1730]" degrees="34.8840" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" precision="5" value="34.884">34.8840N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE135056FFB09E61F99CF91FFBD578C2" box="[915,1034,1706,1730]" degrees="136.1117" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" precision="5" value="136.1117">136.1117E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D21FD18FFB09E61FE2DF91FFBAD78C2" box="[1058,1138,1705,1730]" count="78" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" type="generic">7♀juv.</specimenCount>
|
||
2♂juv.,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB09E61F8CCF978FC9378E5" box="[707,844,1741,1765]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="2008-04-12">12–IV–2008</date>
|
||
, 1 ♀,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB09E61F997F978FBFE78E5" box="[920,1057,1741,1765]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="2008-04-27">27–IV–2008</date>
|
||
, 1 ♀1 ♂,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB09E61FE96F978FD247907" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="2008-05-09">
|
||
9–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE54FFB09E61FEBCF978FB1978E5" box="[1203,1222,1741,1765]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
– 2008
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 6 ♀1 ♂,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB09E61F979F95AFC287907" box="[886,1015,1775,1799]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="2008-05-23">
|
||
23–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE54FFB09E61F991F95AFC6E7907" box="[926,945,1775,1799]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
–2008
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 1 ♀,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB09E61FE49F95AFB0F7907" box="[1094,1232,1775,1799]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" value="2009-06-12">
|
||
12–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE54FFB09E61FE61F95AFB547907" box="[1134,1163,1775,1799]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
–2009
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 8 ♀,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB39E62FAEDFA20FEB47BAD" box="[226,363,1429,1453]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" value="2009-06-13">
|
||
13–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE54FFB39E62FB07FA20FEFA7BAD" box="[264,293,1429,1453]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
–2009
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 9 ♀1 ♂,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB39E62F81BFA20FD467BAD" box="[532,665,1429,1453]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" value="2010-07-09">
|
||
9–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE54FFB39E62F821FA20FD8B7BAD" box="[558,596,1429,1453]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">VII</collectionCode>
|
||
–2010
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB39E62FA83FA02FEE07BCF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB39E62FA83FA02FEE07BCF" box="[140,319,1463,1487]" country="Japan" county="Honshu" latitude="34.9159" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="134.8485" municipality="Kasai-shi" name="Higashi-iketani" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" stateProvince="Hyogo">Higashi-iketani</location>
|
||
, Hojo-cho-higashitakamuro,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACEBFFB39E62FA83FA6FFF2C7BF2" box="[140,243,1498,1522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Kasai-shi</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3F873FFB39E62FB15FA6FFE627BF2" box="[282,445,1498,1522]" country="Japan" name="Hyogo" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Hyogo Pref.</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62F94E1DFFB39E62FBECFA6FFDE67BF2" box="[483,569,1498,1522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Honshu</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB39E62F86FFA6FFD427BF1" box="[608,669,1498,1521]" name="Japan" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE135056FFB39E62FA9CFA49FEDD7814" box="[147,258,1532,1556]" degrees="34.9159" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" precision="5" value="34.9159">34.9159N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE135056FFB39E62FB02FA49FE597814" box="[269,390,1532,1556]" degrees="134.8485" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" precision="5" value="134.8485">134.8485E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); 1 ♀1 ♂,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB39E62FBF0FA48FD467815" box="[511,665,1533,1557]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" value="2011-08-13">
|
||
13–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE54FFB39E62F82AFA48FD8A7815" box="[549,597,1533,1557]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">VIII</collectionCode>
|
||
–2011
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB39E62FA83F9AAFEF27837" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB39E62FA83F9AAFEF27837" box="[140,301,1567,1591]" country="Japan" county="Shikoku" latitude="33.8672" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="134.4962" municipality="Naka-gun" name="Tsurarakannon" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" stateProvince="Tokushima">Tsurarakannon</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB39E62FB32F9AAFE7E7837" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB39E62FB32F9AAFE7E7837" box="[317,417,1567,1591]" country="Japan" county="Shikoku" latitude="33.8672" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="134.4962" municipality="Naka-gun" name="Wajikigo" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" stateProvince="Tokushima">Wajikigo</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB39E62FBBDF9AAFDC37837" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB39E62FBBDF9AAFDC37837" box="[434,540,1567,1591]" country="Japan" county="Shikoku" latitude="33.8672" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="134.4962" municipality="Naka-gun" name="Naka-cho" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" stateProvince="Tokushima">Naka-cho</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACEBFFB39E62F822F9AAFD467837" box="[557,665,1567,1591]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Naka-gun</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3F873FFB39E62FA83F9F7FE94785A" box="[140,331,1602,1626]" country="Japan" name="Tokushima" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Tokushima Pref.</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62F94E1DFFB39E62FB6EF9F7FE62785A" box="[353,445,1602,1626]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Shikoku</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB39E62FBDBF9F7FDCE7859" box="[468,529,1602,1625]" name="Japan" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE135056FFB39E62F824F9F7FD46785A" box="[555,665,1602,1626]" degrees="33.8672" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" precision="5" value="33.8672">33.8672N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE135056FFB39E62FA83F9D0FEDA787D" box="[140,261,1637,1661]" degrees="134.4962" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" precision="5" value="134.4962">134.4962E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); 3 ♀,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB39E62FB5BF9D0FE02787D" box="[340,477,1637,1661]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" value="2011-09-19">19–IX–2011</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB39E62FBE6F9D0FDCB787D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB39E62FBE6F9D0FDCB787D" box="[489,532,1637,1661]" country="Japan" county="Shikoku" latitude="33.7669" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="134.54" municipality="Kaifu-gun" name="Oto" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" stateProvince="Tokushima">Oto</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB39E62F82EF9D0FF70789F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB39E62F82EF9D0FF70789F" country="Japan" county="Shikoku" latitude="33.7669" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="134.54" municipality="Kaifu-gun" name="Kitagawauchi" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" stateProvince="Tokushima">Kitagawauchi</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB39E62FACDF932FE96789F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB39E62FACDF932FE96789F" box="[194,329,1671,1695]" country="Japan" county="Shikoku" latitude="33.7669" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="134.54" municipality="Kaifu-gun" name="Minami-cho" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" stateProvince="Tokushima">Minami-cho</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACEBFFB39E62FB54F932FE14789F" box="[347,459,1671,1695]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Kaifu-gun</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3F873FFB39E62FBD1F932FD45789F" box="[478,666,1671,1695]" country="Japan" name="Tokushima" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Tokushima Pref.</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62F94E1DFFB39E62FA83F91FFF3778C2" box="[140,232,1706,1730]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Shikoku</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB39E62FAF2F91FFEE578C1" box="[253,314,1706,1729]" name="Japan" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE135056FFB39E62FB5DF91FFE1F78C2" box="[338,448,1706,1730]" degrees="33.7669" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" precision="5" value="33.7669">33.7669N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE135056FFB39E62FBDAF91FFD9078C2" box="[469,591,1706,1730]" degrees="134.5400" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" precision="5" value="134.54">134.5400E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); 1 ♀,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB39E62FA83F978FECA78E5" box="[140,277,1741,1765]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" value="2013-09-30">30–IX–2013</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB39E62FB2AF978FE4D78E5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB39E62FB2AF978FE4D78E5" box="[293,402,1741,1765]" country="Japan" county="Shikoku" latitude="34.0711" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="133.7136" municipality="Kanonji-shi" name="Ikenouchi" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" stateProvince="Kagawa">Ikenouchi</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB39E62FBAFF978FDD578E5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB39E62FBAFF978FDD578E5" box="[416,522,1741,1765]" country="Japan" county="Shikoku" latitude="34.0711" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="133.7136" municipality="Kanonji-shi" name="Awai-cho" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" stateProvince="Kagawa">Awai-cho</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACEBFFB39E62F817F978FD4678E5" box="[536,665,1741,1765]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Kanonji-shi</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3F873FFB39E62FA83F945FEEB7907" box="[140,308,1775,1800]" country="Japan" name="Kagawa" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Kagawa Pref.</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62F94E1DFFB39E62FB5CF95AFE707907" box="[339,431,1775,1799]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Shikoku</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB39E62FBC2F945FDD57907" box="[461,522,1776,1799]" name="Japan" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE135056FFB39E62F823F95AFD467907" box="[556,665,1775,1799]" degrees="34.0711" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" precision="5" value="34.0711">34.0711N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE135056FFB39E62F8CCFA20FCE47BAD" box="[707,827,1429,1453]" degrees="133.7136" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" precision="5" value="133.7136">133.7136E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), all the above specimens were collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="26D25347FFB39E62F948FA0DFC0A7BCF" box="[839,981,1463,1487]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">K. Kumada</collectorName>
|
||
; 1 ♀,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB39E62FE3AFA02FB107BCF" box="[1077,1231,1463,1487]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" value="1989-08-21">
|
||
21–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE54FFB39E62FE53FA02FB537BCF" box="[1116,1164,1463,1487]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">VIII</collectionCode>
|
||
–1989
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB39E62F8CCFA6FFCF27BF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB39E62F8CCFA6FFCF27BF2" box="[707,813,1498,1522]" country="Japan" county="Tsukuba" latitude="31.8144" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.4659" municipality="Science" name="Imuta-ike" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Imuta-ike</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB39E62F946FA6FFC557BF1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB39E62F946FA6FFC557BF1" box="[841,906,1498,1521]" country="Japan" county="Tsukuba" latitude="31.8144" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.4659" municipality="Science" name="Imuta" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Imuta</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB39E62F9A9FA6FFBF87BF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB39E62F9A9FA6FFBF87BF2" box="[934,1063,1498,1522]" country="Japan" county="Tsukuba" latitude="31.8144" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.4659" municipality="Science" name="Kedoin-cho" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Kedoin-cho</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB39E62FE4DFA6FFB0F7BF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB39E62FE4DFA6FFB0F7BF2" box="[1090,1232,1498,1522]" country="Japan" county="Tsukuba" latitude="31.8144" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.4659" municipality="Science" name="Satsuma-gun" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Satsuma-gun</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3F873FFB39E62F8CCFA48FC597815" box="[707,902,1533,1557]" country="Japan" name="Kagoshima" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Kagoshima Pref.</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB39E62F992FA48FC2C7815" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB39E62F992FA48FC2C7815" box="[925,1011,1533,1557]" country="Japan" county="Tsukuba" latitude="31.8144" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.4659" municipality="Science" name="Kyushu" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Kyushu</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB39E62FE05FA48FB987814" box="[1034,1095,1533,1556]" name="Japan" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE135056FFB39E62FE6DFA48FB0F7815" box="[1122,1232,1533,1557]" degrees="31.8144" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" precision="5" value="31.8144">31.8144N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE135056FFB39E62F8CCF9AAFCE47837" box="[707,827,1567,1591]" degrees="130.4659" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" precision="5" value="130.4659">130.4659E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectorName id="26D25347FFB39E62F957F9AAFC667837" box="[856,953,1567,1591]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">S. Inaba</collectorName>
|
||
leg. Of these, voucher specimens are deposited in the arachnid collection of the
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB39E62F95BF9D0FBBC787D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB39E62F95BF9D0FBBC787D" box="[852,1123,1637,1661]" country="Japan" county="Tsukuba" latitude="31.8144" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.4659" municipality="Science" name="Department of Zoology" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Department of Zoology</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF8604AFFB39E62FE77F9D0FC52789F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E8787FFB09E63FAACFD99FBB47B45:8EF8604AFFB39E62FE77F9D0FC52789F" country="Japan" county="Tsukuba" latitude="31.8144" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.4659" municipality="Science" name="National Museum of Nature" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" stateProvince="Kagoshima">National Museum of Nature</location>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACEBFFB39E62F9CFF932FBC9789F" box="[960,1046,1671,1695]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Science</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62F94E1DFFB39E62FE2FF932FBA2789F" box="[1056,1149,1671,1695]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Tsukuba</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB39E62FE88F93DFB18789F" box="[1159,1223,1672,1695]" name="Japan" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF586619FFB39E62FAACFABDFE5A7B58" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12552936" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12552936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12552936/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" startId="2.[163,205,1288,1310]" targetBox="[159,1214,213,1251]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B983691FFB39E62FAACFABDFE5A7B58" blockId="2.[163,1214,1288,1368]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">
|
||
Figs. 1–9.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB39E62FB16FABDFD837B1E" authority="(Zhu, 1998)" authorityName="Brindha & Prabhu & Jones & Janaki & Sheriff & Kumar & Kalaivani & Lakshmi" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Zhu" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[281,604,1288,1310]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Chikunia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subrapulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB39E62FB16FABDFE3E7B1D" box="[281,481,1288,1309]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Chikunia subrapulum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B60FFB39E62FBFFFABDFD8A7B1E" author="Zhu, M. S." box="[496,597,1288,1310]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" refId="ref3303" refString="Zhu, M. S. 1998. Fauna Sinica: Arachnida: Araneae: Theridiidae. Science Press, Beijing, 436 pp (in Chinese)." type="book" year="1998">Zhu, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 1–2, female and male, dorsal view; 3–4, male left palp, ventral view; 5–6, epigynum, ventral view; 7–8, epigynum, lateral view; 9, chelicerae, ventral view. Scales: 1–2: 1 mm; 3–9: 0.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B983691FFB39E63F8D2F978FD8A7CB1" blockId="2.[707,1236,1741,1800]" lastBlockId="3.[140,670,215,690]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="126" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB39E62F8D2F978FC9678E4" box="[733,841,1741,1764]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. The species is transferred from its original genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB39E63F9ADF95AFEC37EEF" authority="O. Pickard Cambridge, 1882" authorityName="O. Pickard Cambridge" authorityYear="1882" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Chrysso" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="126" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB39E62F9ADF95AFC267907" box="[930,1017,1775,1799]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Chrysso</emphasis>
|
||
O. Pickard Cambridge, 1882
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB29E63FBC0FF62FF1E7F12" authority="Yoshida, 2009" authorityName="Yoshida" authorityYear="2009" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Chikunia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB29E63FBC0FF62FDEE7EEF" box="[463,561,215,239]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Chikunia</emphasis>
|
||
Yoshida, 2009
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the following characteristics: Legs of the females of this species are short, the total length of the first patella and tibia of the palp is 1.4 times the length of the carapace in dorsal view, whereas that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB29E63FB84FE30FDE37F9D" box="[395,572,389,413]" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB29E63FB84FE30FE3D7F9D" box="[395,482,389,413]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Chrysso</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more than 1.8 times. The shoulders of each side of the female abdomen are rounded, projected and expanded horizontally, the posterior end (tail) of the abdomen is long, pointed and projecting beyond the spinnerets. The male abdomen is ovoid, unscaled, and the shape of embolic part with the embolus and the conductor is triangular. This species is closest to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D12FFB29E63FB96FD2FFD917CB2" baseAuthorityName="Saito" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[409,590,666,690]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Chikunia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB29E63FB96FD2FFD917CB2" box="[409,590,666,690]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Chikunia albipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B983691FFB29E63FAA8FD55FF627907" blockId="3.[140,670,735,1799]" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB29E63FAA8FD55FD427CF7" box="[167,669,735,759]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Description based on the Japanese specimens</emphasis>
|
||
(1 ♀1 ♂ from Higashi-iketani, Hojocho-higashitakamuro, Kasai-shi,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3F873FFB29E63FB9DFC90FDF77D3D" box="[402,552,805,829]" country="Japan" name="Hyogo" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Hyogo Pref.</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Honshu,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB29E63FA83FCFDFF147D5F" box="[140,203,840,863]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF991051FFB29E63FAD8FCF2FE807D5F" box="[215,351,839,863]" pageId="3" pageNumber="126" value="2010-07-09">9–VII–2010</date>
|
||
). Female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A14FFB29E63FBEDFCF2FDFC7D5F" box="[482,547,839,863]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[163,205,1288,1310]" captionTargetBox="[159,1214,213,1251]" captionTargetId="figure-142@2.[159,1217,213,1255]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–9. Chikunia subrapulum (Zhu, 1998). 1–2, female and male, dorsal view; 3–4, male left palp, ventral view; 5–6, epigynum, ventral view; 7–8, epigynum, lateral view; 9, chelicerae, ventral view. Scales: 1–2: 1mm; 3–9: 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12552936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12552936/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
, left): total length
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B74FFB29E63FAEFFCDFFEE07D81" box="[224,319,874,898]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.78" pageId="3" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="2.78">2.78 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Carapace
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B74FFB29E63FBC7FCDFFDFC7D81" box="[456,547,874,898]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="0.84">0.84 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B74FFB29E63FA83FC38FF387DA4" box="[140,231,909,933]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="0.76">0.76 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Abdomen
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B74FFB29E63FBCBFC38FDC07DA4" box="[452,543,909,933]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.10 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B74FFB29E63FA83FC1AFF387DC7" box="[140,231,943,967]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.24" pageId="3" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="2.24">2.24 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Length of leg segments (in mm): [femur+patella+tibia+metatarsus+tarsus=total]: I, 1.28+0.32+0.84+0.96+0.40=3.80; II, 0.86+ 0.28+0.44+0.58+0.34=2.50; III, 0.56+0.24+ 0.24+0.34+0.28=1.66; IV, 1.10+0.30+0.62+ 0.66+0.40=3.08. Leg formula: 1-4-2-3. Prosoma oval. Eyes almost same in size except PLE smaller than the others. AME=ALE=PME> PLE (5: 5: 5: 4). AME–AME>AME–ALE (3: 1), PME–PME>PME–PLE (4: 5). The anterior eye row recurved and the posterior eye row slightly recurved in dorsal view. Median ocular area: anterior side>posterior=length (6: 5: 5). Clypeus longer than AME–AME (2: 1). Chelicerae not very long and thick (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B74FFB29E63FBC5FA20FDF57BAD" box="[458,554,1429,1453]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.90 mm</quantity>
|
||
), with two projections (possibly teeth) near the apex. Labium transverse, longer (5: 3), fused with sternum. Sternum inverted triangular, equal in length and width. Shoulders on both sides of abdomen rounded, swollen and expanded laterally; abdomen with long caudal end, projecting beyond the spinnerets and pointed. The length of first patella and tibia 1.4 times the carapace length. Epigynum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A14FFB29E63FAC0F978FEE678E4" box="[207,313,1740,1765]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[163,205,1288,1310]" captionTargetBox="[159,1214,213,1251]" captionTargetId="figure-142@2.[159,1217,213,1255]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–9. Chikunia subrapulum (Zhu, 1998). 1–2, female and male, dorsal view; 3–4, male left palp, ventral view; 5–6, epigynum, ventral view; 7–8, epigynum, lateral view; 9, chelicerae, ventral view. Scales: 1–2: 1mm; 3–9: 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12552936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12552936/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Figs. 5–8</figureCitation>
|
||
) expanded and protruding ventrad.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B983691FFB29E63F8D2FF62FBD97DC7" blockId="3.[707,1236,215,967]" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">
|
||
Male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A14FFB29E63F92BFF62FC837EEF" box="[804,860,215,239]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[163,205,1288,1310]" captionTargetBox="[159,1214,213,1251]" captionTargetId="figure-142@2.[159,1217,213,1255]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–9. Chikunia subrapulum (Zhu, 1998). 1–2, female and male, dorsal view; 3–4, male left palp, ventral view; 5–6, epigynum, ventral view; 7–8, epigynum, lateral view; 9, chelicerae, ventral view. Scales: 1–2: 1mm; 3–9: 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12552936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12552936/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Fig.1</figureCitation>
|
||
right): total length
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B74FFB29E63FE20FF62FB517EEF" box="[1071,1166,215,239]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.81" pageId="3" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="1.81">1.81 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Carapace
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B74FFB29E63F8F3FF4FFC887F11" box="[764,855,250,274]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.80 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B74FFB29E63F9C9FF4FFBFE7F11" box="[966,1057,250,274]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="0.66">0.66 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Abdomen 1.00 mm long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B74FFB29E63F99CFEA8FC317F34" box="[915,1006,285,309]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="3" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="1.02">1.02 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Length of leg segments (in mm): I, 1.50+0.36+0.94+1.18+0.41 =4.39; II, 1.05+0.32+0.59+0.73+0.38=3.07; III, 0.60+0.24+0.33+0.46+0.26=1.89; IV, 1.18+ 0.28+0.75+0.82+0.40=3.43. Leg formula: 1-4- 2-3. Prosoma oval. Eyes almost equal in size except PLE smaller than the others. AME= ALE=PME>PLE (5: 5: 5: 4). AME–AME> AME–ALE (4: 1), PME–PME>PME–PLE (3: 4). The anterior eye row recurved and the posterior eye row slightly recurved in dorsal view. Median ocular area: anterior side> posterior side=length (6: 5: 5). Clypeus longer than AME–AME (2: 1). Chelicerae not very long and thick (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B74FFB29E63F93AFCB7FC4A7D1A" box="[821,917,770,794]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.90 mm</quantity>
|
||
), with two projections (possibly teeth) near the apex. Labium transverse, longer (2: 1), fused with sternum. Sternum inverted triangular, equal in length and width. Abdomen spherical. The conductor of palp and embolus forming a triangle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A14FFB29E63F99DFC1AFC257DC7" box="[914,1018,943,967]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[163,205,1288,1310]" captionTargetBox="[159,1214,213,1251]" captionTargetId="figure-142@2.[159,1217,213,1255]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–9. Chikunia subrapulum (Zhu, 1998). 1–2, female and male, dorsal view; 3–4, male left palp, ventral view; 5–6, epigynum, ventral view; 7–8, epigynum, lateral view; 9, chelicerae, ventral view. Scales: 1–2: 1mm; 3–9: 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12552936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12552936/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Figs. 3–4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B983691FFB29E63F8D2FC40FCFA7A52" blockId="3.[707,1236,1013,1106]" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB29E63F8D2FC40FC807A0D" box="[733,863,1013,1037]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB29E63F98EFC40FC617A0C" box="[897,958,1013,1036]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3307601FFB29E63F93AFBA2FCAA7A2F" box="[821,885,1047,1071]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3F873FFB29E63F983FBA2FC0E7A2F" box="[908,977,1047,1071]" country="China" name="Hubei" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Hubei</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3F873FFB29E63F9EAFBADFBF27A2F" box="[997,1069,1048,1071]" country="China" name="Henan" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Henan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3F873FFB29E63FE4DFBA2FB417A2F" box="[1090,1182,1047,1071]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Guizhou</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3F873FFB29E63F8CCFB8FFCC57A52" box="[707,794,1082,1106]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B983691FFB29E63F8D2FBCAFBB47B45" blockId="3.[707,1236,1150,1349]" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA83FFB29E63F8D2FBCAFCEF7A97" box="[733,816,1151,1175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Remark</emphasis>
|
||
. By the reviewer`s suggestion, the authors confirmed that the unknown theridiid spider recorded by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B60FFB29E63F972FB70FBCA7ADD" author="Bando, H." box="[893,1045,1221,1245]" pageId="3" pageNumber="126" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref2784" refString="Bando, H. 2021. The Spiders (Araneae, Arachnida) found in Kaiyo Town (Kaihu-gun, Tokushima Prefecture, Shikoku, Japan). Proceedings of Awagakkai 63: 1 - 13 (in Japanese)." type="journal article" year="2021">Bando (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3F873FFB29E63FE51FB70FCEE7AFF" country="Japan" name="Tokushima" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Tokushima Prefecture</collectingRegion>
|
||
was the same species as the present one. Its collection record has been added to the transition list of scientific names above.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |