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<document id="9245A9F53C219AF6AD16385E7CF631AC" ID-CLB-Dataset="26946" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4590.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="64c1a738-381b-4ba2-bc35-317d756e6a29" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2656164" ID-ZooBank="CD2A364C-6CF9-4FF5-AD28-7AF388868B15" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1556698917896" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mohrig, Werner, Kauschke, Ellen &amp; Broadley, Adam" docDate="2019" docId="03C987F6FFDBFFA8BD885999FD2974B3" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4590.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4590 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Cratyna (Pictosciara) adrostylata" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="416" masterDocId="FFF0FF8EFFD4FFA7BD1F590EFFB97777" masterDocTitle="Revision of black fungus gnat species (Diptera, Sciaridae) described from the Hawaiian Islands by D. E. Hardy and W. A. Steffan, and a contribution to the knowledge of the sciarid fauna of the Galápagos Islands" masterLastPageNumber="439" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="416" updateTime="1698724290689" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="3B719E9A504DE804D5C98B6E3A5A0151">Revision of black fungus gnat species (Diptera, Sciaridae) described from the Hawaiian Islands by D. E. Hardy and W. A. Steffan, and a contribution to the knowledge of the sciarid fauna of the Galápagos Islands</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C37A656BFFDBFFA8BD885999FD6377C5" box="[151,730,151,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDF36E0FFDBFFA8BD885999FD6377C5" blockId="15.[151,730,151,211]" box="[151,730,151,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<heading id="D097818CFFDBFFA8BD885999FD6377C5" bold="true" box="[151,730,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C604D63FFDBFFA8BD885999FD6377C5" ID-CoL="8BLMW" authority="(Hardy, 1956)" baseAuthorityName="Hardy" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[151,730,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Sciaridae" genus="Cratyna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adrostylata" subGenus="Pictosciara">
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BD885999FD6377C5" bold="true" box="[151,730,151,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BD885999FF4077C6" bold="true" box="[151,249,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Cratyna</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BC155999FE2877C6" bold="true" box="[266,401,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Pictosciara</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BCBD5999FD9E77C6" bold="true" box="[418,551,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">adrostylata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B11FFDBFFA8BF295996FD6B77C5" author="Hardy, D. E." box="[566,722,152,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" pagination="72 - 90" refId="ref15081" refString="Hardy, D. E. (1956) New Hawaiian Sciaridae (Diptera). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 16 (1), 72 - 90." type="journal article" year="1956">Hardy, 1956</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37A656BFFDBFFA8BD8859B4FE2277A4" box="[151,411,186,211]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDF36E0FFDBFFA8BD8859B4FE2277A4" blockId="15.[151,730,151,211]" box="[151,411,186,211]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
(
<figureCitation id="135B2A65FFDBFFA8BD8059B4FE8977A5" box="[159,304,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1898,1920]" captionTargetBox="[207,1413,224,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1435,193,1877]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 10 AD. Cratyna adrostylata (Hardy, 1956). Holotype. A. Hypopygium; B. Basal segments of antenna; C. Palpus; D. Apex of fore tibia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2656182/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
Fig. 10 A
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BC1459B4FEA077A4" bold="true" box="[267,281,186,211]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416"></emphasis>
D
</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135B2A65FFDBFFA8BC2459B5FE2A77A4" box="[315,403,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1370,1392]" captionTargetBox="[340,1226,224,1314]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[340,1247,193,1349]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 11 AC. Cratyna adrostylata (Hardy, 1956). Paratype from Oahu. A. Gonostylus; B. Head with eye bridge and flagellomeres 14; C. Wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2656184/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
11 A
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BC6E59B4FEC677A4" bold="true" box="[369,383,186,211]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416"></emphasis>
C
</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A656BFFDBFFA8BD88580CFBB37640" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDF36E0FFDBFFA8BD88580CFBB7766F" blockId="15.[151,1038,258,311]" box="[151,1038,258,280]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D63FFDBFFA8BD88580CFD09766F" ID-CoL="88YDQ" authority="Hardy, 1956" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1956" box="[151,688,258,280]" class="Insecta" family="Sciaridae" genus="Plastosciara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adrostylata" subGenus="Cosmosciara">
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BD88580CFEAE766F" box="[151,279,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Plastosciara</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BC3A580DFE12766F" box="[293,427,259,280]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Cosmosciara</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BCA5580CFD94766F" box="[442,557,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">adrostylata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B11FFDBFFA8BF2C580CFD09766F" author="Hardy, D. E." box="[563,688,258,280]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" pagination="72 - 90" refId="ref15081" refString="Hardy, D. E. (1956) New Hawaiian Sciaridae (Diptera). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 16 (1), 72 - 90." type="journal article" year="1956">Hardy, 1956</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[
<treatmentCitation id="0AC110F1FFDBFFA8BFA4580CFCD4766F" author="Hardy, D. E." box="[699,877,258,280]" page="72" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" year="1956">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B11FFDBFFA8BFA4580CFCF2766F" author="Hardy, D. E." box="[699,843,258,280]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" pagination="72 - 90" refId="ref15081" refString="Hardy, D. E. (1956) New Hawaiian Sciaridae (Diptera). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 16 (1), 72 - 90." type="journal article" year="1956">Hardy (1956)</bibRefCitation>
: 72
</treatmentCitation>
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BE71580CFCC2766F" bold="true" box="[878,891,258,280]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416"></emphasis>
73, fig. 1 a
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BEF8580CFC4D766F" bold="true" box="[999,1012,258,280]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416"></emphasis>
c].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF36E0FFDBFFA8BD88582FFBB37640" blockId="15.[151,1038,258,311]" box="[151,1034,289,311]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
Literature:
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B11FFDBFFA8BC17582FFE2C7640" author="Hardy, D. E." box="[264,405,289,311]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" pagination="208 - 235" refId="ref15113" refString="Hardy, D. E. (1960) Family Sciaridae. In: Zimmerman, E. C. (Ed.), Insects of Hawaii. A Manual of the Insects of the Hawaiian Islands, including on Enumeration of the Species and Notes on their Origin, Distribution, Hosts, Parasites etc. 10. University Hawaii Press, Honolulu, pp. 208 - 235." type="book chapter" year="1960">Hardy (1960)</bibRefCitation>
: 214, fig. 67 a
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BF3B582FFD887640" bold="true" box="[548,561,289,311]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416"></emphasis>
c (as
<taxonomicName id="4C604D63FFDBFFA8BF78582FFC457640" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1956" box="[615,1020,289,311]" class="Insecta" family="Sciaridae" genus="Plastosciara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adrostylata" subGenus="Cosmosciara">
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BF78582FFD5E7640" box="[615,743,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Plastosciara</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BFEA582CFCC37640" box="[757,890,290,311]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Cosmosciara</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BE95582FFC457640" box="[906,1020,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">adrostylata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A656BFFDBFFA8BD88586AFB357543" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDF36E0FFDBFFA8BD88586AFEF376B3" blockId="15.[151,1437,356,964]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BD88586AFE64760A" bold="true" box="[151,477,356,381]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
Material studied:
<materialsCitation id="3B083CBDFFDBFFA8BC6F586AFE64760A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2237390879" box="[368,477,356,381]" collectingDate="1927-09-04" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="E. H. Bryan" location="Hawai'i" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawaii" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54DB8842FFDBFFA8BC6F586AFE64760A" box="[368,477,356,381]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
</emphasis>
: Male,
<date id="FFDE1020FFDBFFA8BF29586AFD1B760A" box="[566,674,356,381]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="1927-09-04">
<collectingDate id="EF9AE9C8FFDBFFA8BF29586AFD1B760A" box="[566,674,356,381]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="1927-09-04">4.ix.1927</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectingRegion id="49A4F802FFDBFFA8BFB0586AFCB5760A" box="[687,780,356,381]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
, Oahu, Waikāne, ex dead
<taxonomicName id="4C604D63FFDBFFA8B920586AFB6A760B" box="[1087,1235,356,380]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Xanthoxylum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8B920586AFB6A760B" box="[1087,1235,356,380]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Xanthoxylum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26955336FFDBFFA8B80B586BFA22760A" box="[1300,1435,357,381]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. H. Bryan</collectorName>
(BPBM, No. 2483).
<materialsCitation id="3B083CBDFFDBFFA8BC655889FEFF76B3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2237390880" collectingDate="1927-09-04" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="Oahu &amp; Waikane &amp; E. H. Bryan" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hawaii" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BC655889FE5E76D7" bold="true" box="[378,487,391,416]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<typeStatus id="54DB8842FFDBFFA8BC655889FE5E76D7" box="[378,487,391,416]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="9D66FD69FFDBFFA8BCEA5886FDFB76D7" box="[501,578,391,416]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<date id="FFDE1020FFDBFFA8BF525889FD0376D7" box="[589,698,391,416]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="1927-09-04">
<collectingDate id="EF9AE9C8FFDBFFA8BF525889FD0376D7" box="[589,698,391,416]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="1927-09-04">4.ix.1927</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26955336FFDBFFA8BFDA5889FCBD76D7" box="[709,772,391,416]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Oahu</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26955336FFDBFFA8BE105889FCCA76D7" box="[783,883,391,416]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Waikāne</collectorName>
, dead
<taxonomicName id="4C604D63FFDBFFA8BEA65886FBF476D7" box="[953,1101,392,416]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Xanthoxylum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BEA65886FBF476D7" box="[953,1101,392,416]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Xanthoxylum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, “genitalia figured”, leg.
<collectorName id="26955336FFDBFFA8B8765886FF6276B2" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E.H. Bryan</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED71AE25FFDBFFA8BDF558A2FE8776B3" box="[234,318,428,452]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF36E0FFDBFFA8BDD858DDFB357543" blockId="15.[151,1437,356,964]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BDD858DDFE79769B" bold="true" box="[199,448,467,492]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Conservation status.</emphasis>
Embedded in
<collectingCountry id="F3777670FFDBFFA8BF6E58DDFD7C769B" box="[625,709,467,492]" name="Canada" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Canada</collectingCountry>
balsam. Head with antennae, palpus, wings and hypopygium isolated. All morphological structures are more or less strongly deformed, especially the body with legs and the hypopygium. The embedding medium is turbid from water originating from the specimen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A656BFFDBFFA8BDD85B4DFA3F74D7" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDF36E0FFDBFFA8BDD85B4DFA3F74D7" blockId="15.[151,1437,356,964]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BDD85B4DFEF1752B" bold="true" box="[199,328,579,604]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Comments</emphasis>
. The species is characterized by a very short and swollen 3-segmented palpus with a large basal segment and a distinct palpifer, head with an eye bridge of 2-3 rows of facets, antenna very short, flagellomeres short, nearly quadrate in shape; legs rather short, apex of the fore tibia with a small irregular patch of bristles and a short spur; gonocoxites short and robust, gonostylus short, pointed to the apex, with a short apical tooth and 3 equal spines near the base of the tooth. The species belongs to the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="4C604D63FFDBFFA8BEB15BDAFB32759B" authority="Mohrig" authorityName="Mohrig" box="[942,1163,723,748]" class="Insecta" family="Sciaridae" genus="Cratyna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pictosciara">
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BEB15BDAFB96759C" box="[942,1071,724,747]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Pictosciara</emphasis>
Mohrig
</taxonomicName>
in terms of the shape of the gonostylus and the arrangement of the spines. It is very similar (maybe identical) to
<taxonomicName id="4C604D63FFDBFFA8B9855BF6FA227467" authority="Steffan" authorityName="Steffan" box="[1178,1435,759,784]" class="Insecta" family="Sciaridae" genus="Cratyna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipalpis">
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8B9855BF6FAFB7478" box="[1178,1346,759,783]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Cr. brevipalpis</emphasis>
Steffan
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F3777670FFDBFFA8BDCB5A15FEEF7443" box="[212,342,795,820]" name="Micronesia" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Micronesia</collectingCountry>
. The only apparent differences are the short and nearly quadratic flagellomeres of
<taxonomicName id="4C604D63FFDBFFA8B9EB5A12FF67742F" authority="Hardy" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1956" class="Insecta" family="Sciaridae" genus="Plastosciara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adrostylata">
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8B9EB5A12FA227444" box="[1268,1435,795,819]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Cr. adrostylata</emphasis>
Hardy
</taxonomicName>
, versus those of
<taxonomicName id="4C604D63FFDBFFA8BC825A4EFD26742F" authority="Steffan" authorityName="Steffan" box="[413,671,831,856]" class="Insecta" family="Sciaridae" genus="Cratyna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipalpis">
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BC825A4EFDFD7420" box="[413,580,831,855]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Cr. brevipalpis</emphasis>
Steffan
</taxonomicName>
, which are distinctly longer than wide. All other details seem to be identical despite the deformed morphological structures. The body is bleached but it appears that both species have the gonostylus darker than the gonocoxites. This is typical for
<taxonomicName id="4C604D63FFDBFFA8BE4D5A86FA9C74D7" authority="Mohrig, 2004" authorityName="Mohrig" authorityYear="2004" box="[850,1317,903,928]" class="Insecta" family="Sciaridae" genus="Cratyna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vera" subGenus="Pictosciara">
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BE4D5A86FC1774E8" box="[850,942,904,927]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Cratyna</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BEA15A86FB8674E8" box="[958,1087,904,927]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Pictosciara</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8B9505A86FB3874E8" box="[1103,1153,904,927]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">vera</emphasis>
Mohrig, 2004
</taxonomicName>
, as well.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A656BFFDBFFA8BDD85AA5FD2974B3" box="[199,656,939,964]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDF36E0FFDBFFA8BDD85AA5FD2974B3" blockId="15.[151,1437,356,964]" box="[199,656,939,964]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="B914EAF2FFDBFFA8BDD85AA5FEE074B3" bold="true" box="[199,345,939,964]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Distribution</emphasis>
. Hawaiian Islands (Oahu).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>