treatments-xml/data/03/BA/87/03BA87D5FFC7FFA5ACEBF9EAFC2DF95D.xml

<document id="A36CD7A95941585DA0804A8FFC6744BC" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628258804909" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Pante, Eric &amp; France, Scott C." docDate="2010" docId="03BA87D5FFC7FFA5ACEBF9EAFC2DF95D" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.32.4.595-612.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 32 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E638A3C99FA728B529662B46F84D75FD.3:Zoosystema.2009-2010.journal_article" docStyleId="E638A3C99FA728B529662B46F84D75FD" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2009-2010.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Pseudochrysogorgia bellona Pante &amp; France 2010, n. gen., n. sp." docType="treatment" docUuid="68433D6C-5A09-47AE-A298-69D473D84C1E" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="605" masterDocId="FF83FFADFFC1FFAFAC77FFE0FFFAFFF9" masterDocTitle="Pseudochrysogorgia bellona n. gen., n. sp.: a new genus and species of chrysogorgiid octocoral (Coelenterata, Anthozoa) from the Coral Sea" masterLastPageNumber="612" masterPageNumber="595" pageNumber="601" updateTime="1699036433525" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="7F7996F74DF7D5F74C8160D46A816E07">Pseudochrysogorgia bellona n. gen., n. sp.: a new genus and species of chrysogorgiid octocoral (Coelenterata, Anthozoa) from the Coral Sea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="79A167A3A2FBE7DF94CF09B0866D36AA">Pante, Eric</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C5AF31386049581E4B9DAC65A1D55FA2">France, Scott C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6F426F8B7D5DE37D00A61391575C7AE2">Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, P. O. Box 42451, Lafayette LA 70504 (USA) pante @ louisiana. edu france @ louisiana. edu</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFC7FFA9ACEBF9EAFE38F9DC" ID-CoL="4NTP6" authority="Pante &amp; France, 2010" authorityName="Pante &amp; France" authorityYear="2010" box="[156,450,1546,1573]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Pseudochrysogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="601" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bellona" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC7FFA9ACEBF9EAFE38F9DC" bold="true" box="[156,450,1546,1573]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="601">Pseudochrysogorgia bellona</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25457AAFFC7FFA9ADBEF9EAFDA6F9DC" box="[457,604,1546,1573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="601" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="13282A46FFC7FFA9AD79F9CAFE92F9BC" box="[270,360,1578,1605]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStart-2="FIG" captionStart-3="FIG" captionStart-4="FIG" captionStart-5="FIG" captionStartId-0="7.[113,124,1657,1674]" captionStartId-1="8.[677,688,1347,1364]" captionStartId-2="9.[113,124,728,745]" captionStartId-3="9.[113,124,1657,1674]" captionStartId-4="10.[113,124,1299,1316]" captionStartId-5="11.[113,124,1657,1674]" captionTargetBox-0="[113,1209,215,1582]" captionTargetBox-1="[676,1209,215,1305]" captionTargetBox-2="[113,1209,215,670]" captionTargetBox-3="[113,1211,863,1602]" captionTargetBox-4="[113,1209,215,1257]" captionTargetBox-5="[131,1192,215,1576]" captionTargetId-0="figure-20@7.[113,754,761,1310]" captionTargetId-1="figure-446@8.[856,1030,214,1306]" captionTargetId-2="figure-87@9.[659,1223,214,670]" captionTargetId-3="figure-57@9.[113,663,863,1418]" captionTargetId-4="figure-217@10.[387,662,464,741]" captionTargetId-5="figure-20@11.[130,663,759,1305]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionTargetPageId-4="10" captionTargetPageId-5="11" captionText-0="FIG. 1. — Pseudochrysogorgia bellona n.gen,n. sp.:A, holotype (MNHN-IC.2008-006);B, paratype (MNHN-IC.2008-007) from EBISCO stn CP 2557. Scale bar: 3 cm." captionText-1="FIG. 2. — Main stems of:A, Chrysogorgia admete Bayer &amp; Stefani, 1988 (sympodial growth); B, Pseudochrysogorgia bellona n. gen., n.sp.(holotype); C, Metallogorgia melanotrichos (Wright &amp; Studer, 1889) (NIWA43024; monopodial growth). Scale bars: 1 cm." captionText-2="FIG. 3 — Hexagonal branching pattern in: A, the holotype of Pseudochrysogorgia bellona n. gen., n. sp.;B, Metallogorgia melanotrichos (Wright &amp; Studer, 1889) (NIWA43024). This branching pattern is also very clearly seen in Figure 4." captionText-3="FIG. 4. — Pseudochrysogorgia bellona n. gen., n. sp. paratype (NIWA16273) from Otara Seamount, Kermadec Ridge. Scale bar: 3 cm." captionText-4="FIG. 5. — Digital (DM) and scanning-electron microscopy (SEM) images of polyps from closely-related chrysogorgiids:A, Metallogorgia melanotrichos (Wright &amp; Studer,1889) (MAN806-2; left: DM, right: SEM); B, Pseudochrysogorgia bellona n. gen., n. sp. (holotype; left: DM, right: SEM). Scale bars: 1 mm." captionText-5="FIG. 6. — Pseudochrysogorgia bellona n. gen., n. sp. holotype, SEM of sclerites: A, branch coenenchyme; B, polyp body wall; C, tentacles. Scale bar: 100 μm." pageId="6" pageNumber="601">Figs 1-6</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="C6910378FFC7FFA9AD04F9CAFE36F9BC" box="[371,460,1578,1605]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="2.[113,124,219,236]" captionText="TABLE 1. — List of specimens examined in this study. Specimens with three associated GenBank accession numbers were used in the DNA-based phylogenetic analysis. Where there is only one GenBank accession number, it corresponds to msh1. The isolate corresponds to the genetic subsample maintained in the SCF Lab at UL Lafayette. Voucher in italics: type material." pageId="6" pageNumber="601">Tables 1</tableCitation>
, 
<tableCitation id="C6910378FFC7FFA9ADADF9CAFE13F9BC" box="[474,489,1578,1605]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="3.[113,124,219,236]" captionText="TABLE 2. Morphological characteristics of the holotype and paratype of Pseudochrysogorgia bellona n. gen., n. sp. Abbreviations: n, sample size; rg, range; - x, mean ± one standard deviation." pageId="6" pageNumber="601">2</tableCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="3B7B3C9EFFC7FFA9AC06F991FDB9F95A" collectionCode="MNHN-IC" country="New Caledonia" location="Bellona Plateau" pageId="6" pageNumber="601" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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. — 
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W of 
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.
</emphasis>
<location id="8ECC6018FFC7FFA9AD9EF991FD79F970" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87D5FFC7FFA5ACEBF9EAFC2DF95D:8ECC6018FFC7FFA9AD9EF991FD79F970" box="[489,643,1649,1673]" country="New Caledonia" name="Bellona Plateau" pageId="6" pageNumber="601">Bellona Plateau</location>
, EBISCO stn CP 2557 (
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.2008-006)
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. 
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. — 
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W of 
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.
</emphasis>
Bellona Plateau, EBISCO stn CP 2557 (
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.2008-007).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC7FFA9AED2FE2BFCA1FE1A" bold="true" box="[677,859,459,483]" pageId="6" pageNumber="601">
N of 
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</emphasis>
. Otara Seamount, stn TAN0413/41 (
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16273).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3096548FFC7FFA9AED2FDF5FC44FDBE" pageId="6" pageNumber="601" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFC7FFA9AED2FDF5FC44FDBE" blockId="6.[677,1210,533,583]" pageId="6" pageNumber="601">
ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet refers to the 
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locality. Noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3096548FFC7FFA9AED2FDBFFB43FD3F" pageId="6" pageNumber="601" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFC7FFA9AED2FDBFFB55FD6B" blockId="6.[675,1210,607,710]" pageId="6" pageNumber="601">ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Only polyps were examined (see note in Material and methods section).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFC7FFA9AED2FD74FB43FD3F" blockId="6.[675,1210,607,710]" pageId="6" pageNumber="601">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC7FFA9AED2FD74FCA1FD55" bold="true" box="[677,859,660,684]" pageId="6" pageNumber="601">
N of 
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</emphasis>
. Otara Seamount, stn TAN0413/35 (
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15611). — stn TAN0413/41 (
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16272).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3096548FFC7FFA9AED2FD3EFB69FCBC" pageId="6" pageNumber="601" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFC7FFA9AED2FD3EFB69FCBC" blockId="6.[675,1210,734,837]" pageId="6" pageNumber="601">
DISTRIBUTION. — Known from the 
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locality (Bellona Plateau, Coral Sea) and Otara Seamount, at southern tip of the Kermadec Ridge (N of 
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). The two localities are separated by approximately 
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3096548FFC7FFA9AED2FCBDFBC1FC8C" box="[677,1083,861,885]" pageId="6" pageNumber="601" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFC7FFA9AED2FCBDFBC1FC8C" blockId="6.[677,1083,861,885]" box="[677,1083,861,885]" pageId="6" pageNumber="601">DIAGNOSIS. — Same as that of the genus.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3096548FFC7FFA7AED2FC50FDF2FBB3" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="603" pageId="6" pageNumber="601" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFC7FFA9AED2FC50FCCFFC30" blockId="6.[674,1211,944,1700]" box="[677,821,944,971]" pageId="6" pageNumber="601">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
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Measurements and estimates of variation in character states are detailed in 
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. Colonies are black and matte at the base, and are characterized by a dark metallic luster (
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and 
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NIWA16273 black; 
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MNHN-IC.2008-007 dark brown). Branching sequence, as defined for 
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFC7FFA9A845FB8EFB43FB71" authorityName="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti" authorityYear="1864" box="[1074,1209,1134,1160]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Chrysogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="601" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC7FFA9A845FB8EFB43FB71" box="[1074,1209,1134,1160]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="601">Chrysogorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g., 
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFC7FFA9AE95FB6EFC87FB50" author="VERSLUYS J." box="[738,893,1166,1193]" pageId="6" pageNumber="601" refId="ref9581" refString="VERSLUYS J. 1902. - Die Gorgoniden der Siboga-Expedition. I. Die Chrysogorgiiden, volume 13. Monographie Siboga-Expeditie, 120 p." type="book" year="1902">Versluys 1902</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFC7FFA9AFFDFB6EFBEEFB50" author="CAIRNS S. D." box="[906,1044,1166,1193]" pageId="6" pageNumber="601" pagination="217 - 222" refId="ref8911" refString="CAIRNS S. D. 2002. - A new species of Chrysogorgia (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from the Antarctic. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 115 (1): 217 - 222." type="journal article" year="2002">Cairns 2002</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFC7FFA9A857FB6EFBA3FB50" author="CAIRNS S. D." box="[1056,1113,1166,1193]" pageId="6" pageNumber="601" pagination="511 - 541" refId="ref8949" refString="CAIRNS S. D. 2007. - Calcaxonian octocorals (Cnidaria; Anthozoa) from Eastern Pacific Seamounts. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 58 (25): 511 - 541." type="journal article" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
) is 2/7R for the 
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, and irregular for the 
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(see Discussion). Th e irregular branching pattern seen on the 
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is linked to the fact that the stem bifurcates and anastomoses. Th e distance between branches along the stem is regular, particularly on the 
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. Coenenchyme covers most of the upper part of the stem and branches and contains numerous sclerites. Th e stem is stiff, robust, and significantly thicker than the base of branches along most of the colony (proximal area: stem twice as thick as branches; distal area: stem and branches equally thick). Branches are stiff and stem from the main axis at nearly right angles. Order of branching is variable, mostly between four and six; the number of nodes per branch varies between 10 and 39. Branching occurs in multiple planes. The internodal distance and the angle between subdividing branches are regular. Axial polyps were not observed on the 
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or the 
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, and polyp occurrence starts on the second branch internode. Over half of the polyps lean to one side. Polyps appear to always be leaning in the direction of branch growth. They are on average as wide as they are tall and their size varies between 1.7 and 
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. Th ey are constricted at the neck, a character that seems to be exacerbated when polyps are left to dry. The arrangement of sclerites is detailed in the diagnosis of the genus. Sclerites do not appear tightly interlocked: while exposing polyps to bleach in an effort to remove the upper tissue layer covering the sclerites, these would fall off the polyp very rapidly (see Material and methods). All observed types of sclerites are warted; rods are more finely warted than scales. Scales have blunt extremities. Crosses (scales and rods with four rays in one plane) are rare but occur in the coenenchyme, body wall and tentacles. Most sclerites of the coenenchyme are scales and few are plates (for example, the fourth sclerite of 
<figureCitation id="13282A46FFC9FFA7ACE5FC71FF04FC55" box="[146,254,913,940]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[113,124,1657,1674]" captionTargetBox="[131,1192,215,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-20@11.[130,663,759,1305]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 6. — Pseudochrysogorgia bellona n. gen., n. sp. holotype, SEM of sclerites: A, branch coenenchyme; B, polyp body wall; C, tentacles. Scale bar: 100 μm." pageId="8" pageNumber="603">Figure 6A</figureCitation>
is considered as a plate). While the proximal part of the polyp body wall (anthostele) is almost exclusively covered by scales, the distal part is richer in rods. Th e longest rods are found at the base of the tentacles, while smaller rods are found along the back of the tentacles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6C664BFFC6FFA8AC06F999FE91F958" pageId="7" pageNumber="602" startId="7.[113,124,1657,1674]" targetBox="[113,1209,215,1582]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFC6FFA8AC06F999FE91F958" blockId="7.[112,1210,1657,1697]" pageId="7" pageNumber="602">
FIG. 1. — 
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFC6FFA8ACCAF999FE5DF973" authorityName="Pante &amp; France" authorityYear="2010" box="[189,423,1657,1674]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Pseudochrysogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="602" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bellona">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC6FFA8ACCAF999FE5DF973" box="[189,423,1657,1674]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="602">Pseudochrysogorgia bellona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n.gen,n. sp.: 
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC6FFA8AE6FF99AFDDFF972" bold="true" box="[536,549,1658,1675]" pageId="7" pageNumber="602">A</emphasis>
, holotype (MNHN-IC.2008-006); 
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC6FFA8AF44F99AFCBAF972" bold="true" box="[819,832,1658,1675]" pageId="7" pageNumber="602">B</emphasis>
, paratype (MNHN-IC.2008-007) from EBISCO stn CP 2557. Scale bar: 3 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3096548FFC9FFA5AC06FB8FFC2DF95D" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="605" pageId="8" pageNumber="603" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFC9FFA7AC06FB8FFF2FFB71" blockId="8.[111,647,1135,1700]" box="[113,213,1135,1162]" pageId="8" pageNumber="603">REMARKS</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFC9FFA7AC06FB6EFE0BFA7E" blockId="8.[111,647,1135,1700]" pageId="8" pageNumber="603">
The 
<typeStatus id="54A88861FFC9FFA7ACEAFB6EFF0FFB50" box="[157,245,1166,1193]" pageId="8" pageNumber="603" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and the 
<typeStatus id="54A88861FFC9FFA7AD30FB6EFE67FB50" box="[327,413,1166,1193]" pageId="8" pageNumber="603" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
MNHN-IC.2008-007 were associated with hydroids, which were attached at the tips of a few branches. While the sister taxon 
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFC9FFA7AC06FB0EFEDEFAFE" baseAuthorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[113,292,1261,1287]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Metallogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="8" pageNumber="603" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="melanotrichos">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC9FFA7AC06FB0EFEDEFAFE" box="[113,292,1261,1287]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="603">M. melanotrichos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found in close association with 
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFC9FFA7AC07FAEDFE4DFAD1" authority="Lyman, 1879" authorityName="Lyman" authorityYear="1879" box="[112,439,1293,1320]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Ophiocreas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="8" pageNumber="603" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="oedipus">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC9FFA7AC07FAEDFED0FADE" box="[112,298,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="603">Ophiocreas oedipus</emphasis>
Lyman, 1879
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFC9FFA7ADB4FAEDFF53FAB1" author="MOSHER C. &amp; WATLING L." pageId="8" pageNumber="603" refId="ref9217" refString="MOSHER C. &amp; WATLING L. 2009. - Partners for life: a brittle star and its octocoral host. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 397: 81 - 88. DOI: 10.3354 / meps 08113." type="book" year="2009">Mosher &amp; Watling 2009</bibRefCitation>
), no brittle stars were observed on the colonies examined (however, the symbionts might have been separated during or after sampling).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6C664BFFC9FFA7AED2FAA3FB77FA61" pageId="8" pageNumber="603" startId="8.[677,688,1347,1364]" targetBox="[676,1209,215,1305]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFC9FFA7AED2FAA3FB77FA61" blockId="8.[675,1211,1347,1432]" pageId="8" pageNumber="603">
FIG. 2. — Main stems of: 
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC9FFA7AF1BFAA4FC83FAAC" bold="true" box="[876,889,1348,1365]" pageId="8" pageNumber="603">A</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFC9FFA7AFF5FAA3FD37FA92" authority="Bayer &amp; Stefani, 1988" authorityName="Bayer &amp; Stefani" authorityYear="1988" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Chrysogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="8" pageNumber="603" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="admete">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC9FFA7AFF5FAA3FBC8FAAD" box="[898,1074,1347,1364]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="603">Chrysogorgia admete</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFC9FFA7A840FAA3FD37FA92" author="BAYER F. &amp; STEFANI J." pageId="8" pageNumber="603" pagination="257 - 279" refId="ref8813" refString="BAYER F. &amp; STEFANI J. 1988. - A new species of Chrysogorgia (Octocorallia: Gorgonacea) from New Caledonia, with descriptions of some other species from the Western Pacific. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 101 (2): 257 - 279." type="journal article" year="1988">Bayer &amp; Stefani, 1988</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(sympodial growth); 
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC9FFA7AF00FABAFC7EFA92" bold="true" box="[887,900,1370,1387]" pageId="8" pageNumber="603">B</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFC9FFA7AFF9FABAFB82FA92" authority="Pante &amp; France, 2010" authorityName="Pante &amp; France" authorityYear="2010" box="[910,1144,1370,1387]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Pseudochrysogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="8" pageNumber="603" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bellona" status="n. gen., n.sp.">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC9FFA7AFF9FABAFB82FA92" box="[910,1144,1370,1387]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="603">Pseudochrysogorgia bellona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25457AAFFC9FFA7A80AFABAFD28FA78" pageId="8" pageNumber="603" rank="species">n. gen., n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(holotype); 
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC9FFA7AF58FA91FCC7FA7B" bold="true" box="[815,829,1393,1410]" pageId="8" pageNumber="603">C</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFC9FFA7AF31FA90FD2BFA61" authority="(Wright &amp; Studer, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Metallogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="8" pageNumber="603" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="melanotrichos">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC9FFA7AF31FA90FBD7FA78" box="[838,1069,1392,1409]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="603">Metallogorgia melanotrichos</emphasis>
(Wright &amp; Studer, 1889)
</taxonomicName>
(NIWA43024; monopodial growth). Scale bars: 1 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFC9FFA7ACFFFA6CFE5AF95D" blockId="8.[111,647,1135,1700]" pageId="8" pageNumber="603">Specimens from the NIWA:NIWA15611, colony highly fragmented,main stem missing;NIWA16272, colony highly fragmented, only part of the main stem is available; NIWA16273, colony fragmented, main stem present. As NIWA16272 and NIWA16273 come from the same station (TAN0413/41), and that both lots contain branch fragments, it cannot be excluded that each lot may contain fragments from more than one colony.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFC9FFA5AECCFA2BFE18F9FF" blockId="8.[674,1210,1483,1700]" lastBlockId="10.[112,648,1420,1700]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="605" pageId="8" pageNumber="603">
Bifurcation pattern of secondary branches, polyp morphology, size and spacing of the NIWA specimens is consistent with that of the MNHN specimens. However, while axial polyps were not observed on the MNHN specimens, these appear to be present on NIWA16273. In addition, polyps can be observed on first internodes (
<figureCitation id="13282A46FFC9FFA7AFCBF969FC07F95D" box="[956,1021,1673,1700]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[113,124,1657,1674]" captionTargetBox="[113,1211,863,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-57@9.[113,663,863,1418]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 4. — Pseudochrysogorgia bellona n. gen., n. sp. paratype (NIWA16273) from Otara Seamount, Kermadec Ridge. Scale bar: 3 cm." pageId="8" pageNumber="603">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). While the stems of both the MNHN 
<typeStatus id="54A88861FFCBFFA5AD21FA6CFE7EFA5E" box="[342,388,1420,1447]" pageId="10" pageNumber="605">type</typeStatus>
specimens were broken at the base, NIWA16273 had an intact, root-like holdfast (
<figureCitation id="13282A46FFCBFFA5ACA2FA2BFEEFFA1F" box="[213,277,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[113,124,1657,1674]" captionTargetBox="[113,1211,863,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-57@9.[113,663,863,1418]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 4. — Pseudochrysogorgia bellona n. gen., n. sp. paratype (NIWA16273) from Otara Seamount, Kermadec Ridge. Scale bar: 3 cm." pageId="10" pageNumber="605">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Th is may indicate that the colony was collected from soft-sediments.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6C664BFFC8FFA6AC06FD38FC6DFCF9" pageId="9" pageNumber="604" startId="9.[113,124,728,745]" targetBox="[113,1209,215,670]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFC8FFA6AC06FD38FC6DFCF9" blockId="9.[113,1210,728,768]" pageId="9" pageNumber="604">
FIG. 3 — Hexagonal branching pattern in: 
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC8FFA6ADB4FD39FE2AFD13" bold="true" box="[451,464,729,746]" pageId="9" pageNumber="604">A</emphasis>
, the holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFC8FFA6AE20FD38FCBAFD10" authority="Pante &amp; France, 2010" authorityName="Pante &amp; France" authorityYear="2010" box="[599,832,728,745]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Pseudochrysogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="604" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bellona" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC8FFA6AE20FD38FCBAFD10" box="[599,832,728,745]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="604">Pseudochrysogorgia bellona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25457AAFFC8FFA6AF33FD38FC4FFD10" box="[836,949,728,745]" pageId="9" pageNumber="604" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
; 
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC8FFA6AFCDFD39FC3DFD13" bold="true" box="[954,967,729,746]" pageId="9" pageNumber="604">B</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFC8FFA6AFA6FD38FECBFCF9" authority="(Wright &amp; Studer, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Metallogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="604" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="melanotrichos">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC8FFA6AFA6FD38FB40FD10" box="[977,1210,728,745]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="604">Metallogorgia melanotrichos</emphasis>
(Wright &amp; Studer, 1889)
</taxonomicName>
(NIWA43024). This branching pattern is also very clearly seen in Figure 4.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6C664BFFC8FFA6AC06F999FF59F958" pageId="9" pageNumber="604" startId="9.[113,124,1657,1674]" targetBox="[113,1211,863,1602]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFC8FFA6AC06F999FF59F958" blockId="9.[113,1211,1657,1697]" pageId="9" pageNumber="604">
FIG. 4. — 
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFC8FFA6ACB3F999FE42F973" authority="Pante &amp; France, 2010" authorityName="Pante &amp; France" authorityYear="2010" box="[196,440,1657,1674]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Pseudochrysogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="604" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bellona" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFC8FFA6ACB3F999FE42F973" box="[196,440,1657,1674]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="604">Pseudochrysogorgia bellona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25457AAFFC8FFA6ADC9F999FDCCF973" box="[446,566,1657,1674]" pageId="9" pageNumber="604" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
paratype (NIWA16273) from Otara Seamount, Kermadec Ridge. Scale bar: 3 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6C664BFFCBFFA5AC06FAF3FE63FAAB" pageId="10" pageNumber="605" startId="10.[113,124,1299,1316]" targetBox="[113,1209,215,1257]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFCBFFA5AC06FAF3FE63FAAB" blockId="10.[113,1211,1299,1362]" pageId="10" pageNumber="605">
FIG. 5. — Digital (DM) and scanning-electron microscopy (SEM) images of polyps from closely-related chrysogorgiids: 
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFCBFFA5A844FAF4FBBAFADC" bold="true" box="[1075,1088,1300,1317]" pageId="10" pageNumber="605">A</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFCBFFA5A83EFAF3FE53FAC2" authority="(Wright &amp; Studer, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Metallogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="605" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="melanotrichos">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFCBFFA5A83EFAF3FF1CFAC2" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="605">Metallogorgia melanotrichos</emphasis>
(Wright &amp; Studer,1889)
</taxonomicName>
(MAN806-2; left: DM, right: SEM); 
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFCBFFA5AEBFFACAFD2FFAC2" bold="true" box="[712,725,1322,1339]" pageId="10" pageNumber="605">B</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFCBFFA5AEA8FACAFC30FAC2" authority="Pante &amp; France, 2010" authorityName="Pante &amp; France" authorityYear="2010" box="[735,970,1322,1339]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Pseudochrysogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="605" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bellona" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFCBFFA5AEA8FACAFC30FAC2" box="[735,970,1322,1339]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="605">Pseudochrysogorgia bellona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25457AAFFCBFFA5AFB8FACAFBBBFAC2" box="[975,1089,1322,1339]" pageId="10" pageNumber="605" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(holotype; left: DM, right: SEM). Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFCBFFA5ACFFF9EAFC2DF95D" blockId="10.[112,648,1420,1700]" lastBlockId="10.[675,1211,1420,1700]" pageId="10" pageNumber="605">
Polyp preparation: the speed at which sclerites fall from the polyp when exposed to bleach might depend on specimen fixation and preservation. Indeed, exposure to glutaraldehyde had the desired effect of locking sclerites into place, allowing for the digestion of the upper tissue layer. The same observation was made for 
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFCBFFA5AF89FA4CFB49FA3C" baseAuthorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[1022,1203,1451,1477]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Metallogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="605" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="melanotrichos">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFCBFFA5AF89FA4CFB49FA3C" box="[1022,1203,1451,1477]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="605">M. melanotrichos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The described arrangement of sclerites (scales in body wall and rods in tentacles) corresponds to the “Squamosae aberrantes” (group B) as defined by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFCBFFA5AEB4F9CAFC93F9BC" author="VERSLUYS J." box="[707,873,1578,1605]" pageId="10" pageNumber="605" refId="ref9581" refString="VERSLUYS J. 1902. - Die Gorgoniden der Siboga-Expedition. I. Die Chrysogorgiiden, volume 13. Monographie Siboga-Expeditie, 120 p." type="book" year="1902">Versluys (1902)</bibRefCitation>
for 
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFCBFFA5AFE5F9CAFBECF9BD" authorityName="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti" authorityYear="1864" box="[914,1046,1578,1604]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Chrysogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="605" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFCBFFA5AFE5F9CAFBECF9BD" box="[914,1046,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="605">Chrysogorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Finally, polyps leaning distad have a swollen base, in which eggs can be found. Th is condition might be associated with the production of eggs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>