134 lines
16 KiB
XML
134 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="FF6886E933F58710466B11BD47FD876E" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.8074943" ID-ISSN="2754-9844" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8074943" ID-ZooBank="BCAD06E8-0AFE-46ED-B7FA-930983CD44C4" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="admin" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="admin" checkinTime="1699388683108" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Noyes, John Stuart" docDate="2023" docId="03BA87A7FF74FF06FDCFBCFAA5C4FA49" docLanguage="en" docName="TaxMonogNeotropHymenopt.2.1-921.pdf" docOrigin="Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical Hymenoptera (Oxford, England) 2 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8074943" docStyle="DocumentStyle:DAA2ADC4E839520FEEF1E0A10B782A41.1:TaxMonogNeotropHymenopt.2022-.journal_article" docStyleId="DAA2ADC4E839520FEEF1E0A10B782A41" docStyleName="TaxMonogNeotropHymenopt.2022-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Tico Noyes 2023, gen.nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="F19DD8F7-0F48-4E84-AE90-F987859A2B7D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="160" masterDocId="FF83FFDFFFD5FFA7FFE2BC24A610FFC5" masterDocTitle="ENCYRTIDAE OF COSTA RICA (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA), 4 Subfamily Encyrtinae: tribes Arrhenophagini, Habrolepidini, Cerapterocerini, Cheiloneurini, Trechnitini, Cercobelini, Polaszekiini, Protyndarichoidini, Gahaniellini and Syrphophagini (part), mainly primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids of Coccoidea and Psylloidea (Hemiptera)" masterLastPageNumber="921" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="160" updateTime="1699637169064" updateUser="admin" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:title id="8F0A5696EF66077185FD3221384C1137">ENCYRTIDAE OF COSTA RICA (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA), 4 Subfamily Encyrtinae: tribes Arrhenophagini, Habrolepidini, Cerapterocerini, Cheiloneurini, Trechnitini, Cercobelini, Polaszekiini, Protyndarichoidini, Gahaniellini and Syrphophagini (part), mainly primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids of Coccoidea and Psylloidea (Hemiptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D53B6C19BEF2747D25864A43FF52111E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0773591067632E6F07EFCFEAAA7210EA">Noyes, John Stuart</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="7D3B0836305A6190E561C7BB8F5171E1">Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical Hymenoptera</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="D14C298C324FF23D42759E5842A26EFD">
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<mods:date id="E649D311C85DC83FE8976DFAA6370C8D">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="7E507354D2007F0B00FF8307FEB1A055" type="series">
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<mods:title id="B2165E6870DE4B44106104BA99ABD90B">Oxford, England</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="9EEB55330CCD232F088D4F64B43CD879">2023-06-30</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="DB4413FC964D2D51761D38D3E30749CE">http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8074943</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="1358C903DD3EDC6B6073D6BF7EAF901A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="58FD74B3B71F8FAA95135692A1083CB3" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.8074943</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E053B61C5A23E74FCFB65AF9B75C623B" type="ISSN">2754-9844</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="79671E95DAAE50739CEA12B85FA637E5" type="ZooBank">BCAD06E8-0AFE-46ED-B7FA-930983CD44C4</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03BA87A7FF74FF06FDCFBCFAA5C4FA49" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F19DD8F7-0F48-4E84-AE90-F987859A2B7D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BA87A7FF74FF06FDCFBCFAA5C4FA49" lastPageNumber="160" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">
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<subSubSection id="C309653AFF74FF06FDCFBCFAA505FF33" box="[557,789,222,246]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FF74FF06FDCFBCFAA505FF33" blockId="161.[557,789,222,246]" box="[557,789,222,246]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">
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<heading id="D0E481DDFF74FF06FDCFBCFAA505FF33" bold="true" box="[557,789,222,246]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B967EAA3FF74FF06FDCFBCFAA505FF33" bold="true" box="[557,789,222,246]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FF74FF06FD9BBCFAA4A6FF33" ID-CoL="9DNFB" authority="Noyes, 2023" authorityName="Noyes" authorityYear="2023" box="[633,694,222,246]" class="Insecta" family="Derbidae" genus="Tico" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen.nov.">
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<emphasis id="B967EAA3FF74FF06FD9BBCFAA4A6FF33" bold="true" box="[633,694,222,246]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">TICO</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25457D8FF74FF06FD59BCFAA505FF33" box="[699,789,222,246]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" rank="genus">gen.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C309653AFF74FF06FF57BD30A771FC3E" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FF74FF06FF57BD30A4FDFEEE" blockId="161.[181,749,275,300]" box="[181,749,275,300]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">
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<typeStatus id="54A88813FF74FF06FF57BD30A6F7FEE9" box="[181,231,276,300]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FF74FF06FEA7BD30A7C7FEEE" authority="Noyes, 2023" authorityName="Noyes" authorityYear="2023" box="[325,471,275,299]" class="Insecta" family="Derbidae" genus="Tico" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinabelus" status="sp.nov.">
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<emphasis id="B967EAA3FF74FF06FEA7BD30A7C7FEEE" box="[325,471,275,299]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">Tico sinabelus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B967EAA3FF74FF06FE3FBD37A438FEEE" bold="true" box="[477,552,275,299]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25457D8FF74FF06FE3FBD37A438FEEE" box="[477,552,275,299]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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Gender masculine.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FF74FF06FF57BD6DA44AFEA4" blockId="161.[181,1165,329,966]" box="[181,602,329,353]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">
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Female. Overall length about
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<quantity id="4CEB9B54FF74FF06FE01BD6DA446FEA4" box="[483,598,329,353]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" unit="mm" value="0.85" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.8">0.8-0.9mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FF74FF06FF39BD47A265FEBE" blockId="161.[181,1165,329,966]" box="[219,1141,355,380]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">Head and thorax dark brown, almost black, with a weak metallic sheen; gaster dark brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FF74FF06FF39BD5AA4C3FDF3" blockId="161.[181,1165,329,966]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">Head in profile moderately triangular, angled above top of scrobes, about 2.5X as wide as frontovertex; a shiny-bottomed depression present on eye margin behind each posterior ocellus; eye clothed with inconspicuous setae, each about half as long as diameter of facet; malar sulcus absent; antenna attached a little below lower eye margin, torulus separated from mouth margin by about half its own length; funicle 6-segmented, segments transverse to slightly longer than broad; clava 3-segmented, apex rounded; mandible with 3 acute teeth, inner surface with a distinct, socketed bristle near lower margin; palp formula 4-3;</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FF74FF06FF39BE1DA24EFCE3" blockId="161.[181,1165,329,966]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">Thorax with posterior margin of pronotum roundly concave, not broadly V-shaped or angular medially; mesoscutum without notaular lines, with relatively shallow, slightly shiny sculpture that contrasts with the deeper, more or less matt sculpture of scutellum; axilla clearly raised above level of scutellum which is dorsally weakly convex, with 6 or 7 setae and clearly broader than long with a broadly rounded apical margin; mid tibial spur longer than basitarsus; fore wing about 2.4X as long as broad; linea calva entire and open; filum spinosum present, represented by 2 or 3 modified setae; submarginal vein with parastigma very weakly broadened; marginal vein about 1.5-2X as long as broad, postmarginal vein distinct; stigmal vein subsessile, very slightly longer than marginal or postmarginal veins, uncus developed with 3 campaniform sensilla in a line.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FF74FF06FF39BF0DA21DFC03" blockId="161.[181,1165,329,966]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">Gaster with anterior margin of TII with an almost continuous, narrow fringe-like structure in its middle one-third that may be part of a glandular complex (visible only on slide-mounted material); paratergites absent; apex of syntergum broadly rounded; hypopygium not reaching apex of gaster, strongly transverse, at least 3X as broad as long with anterior margin concave and posterior margin subparallel, convex and weakly invaginate medially; ovipositor much shorter than mid tibia with and about 4-5X as long as gonostylus which is freely articulated.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FF74FF06FF57BFC7A771FC3E" blockId="161.[181,353,995,1019]" box="[181,353,995,1019]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">Male. Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C309653AFF74FF06FF57B83DA7F9FBF4" box="[181,489,1049,1073]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FF74FF06FF57B83DA7F9FBF4" blockId="161.[181,489,1049,1073]" box="[181,489,1049,1073]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">
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DISTRIBUTION.
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<collectingCountry id="F3047621FF74FF06FE91B83DA7F5FBF4" box="[371,485,1049,1073]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C309653AFF74FF06FF57B86AA76EFBA3" box="[181,382,1102,1126]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FF74FF06FF57B86AA76EFBA3" blockId="161.[181,382,1102,1126]" box="[181,382,1102,1126]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">HOSTS. Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C309653AFF74FF06FF57B8A0A5C4FA49" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FF74FF06FF57B8A0A5C4FA49" blockId="161.[181,1164,1155,1420]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">
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COMMENTS. The placement of
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FF74FF06FDEEB8A0A428FB5E" authorityName="Noyes" authorityYear="2023" box="[524,568,1156,1179]" class="Insecta" family="Derbidae" genus="Tico" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B967EAA3FF74FF06FDEEB8A0A428FB5E" box="[524,568,1156,1179]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">Tico</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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within the current tribal classification of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FF74FF06FBE4B8A7A264FB5E" box="[1030,1140,1155,1179]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Encyrtinae">Encyrtinae</taxonomicName>
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is difficult, but the tridentate mandible, slightly expanded mesopleuron and shallow, shiny-bottomed depression adjacent to the eye margin behind the posterior ocellus suggests that
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FF74FF06FC01B89EA21FFB14" authorityName="Noyes" authorityYear="2023" box="[995,1039,1210,1233]" class="Insecta" family="Derbidae" genus="Tico" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B967EAA3FF74FF06FC01B89EA21FFB14" box="[995,1039,1210,1233]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">Tico</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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may belong to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FF74FF06FF1BB8F7A798FB2E" box="[249,392,1235,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cheiloneurini">Cheiloneurini</taxonomicName>
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. In habitus, the two species described below are somewhat reminiscent of some species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FF74FF06FE82B8CBA42BFAC3" authority="Ashmead" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1900" box="[352,571,1262,1286]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Ooencyrtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B967EAA3FF74FF06FE82B8CBA7C5FAC3" box="[352,469,1263,1286]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">Ooencyrtus</emphasis>
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Ashmead
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</taxonomicName>
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or perhaps
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FF74FF06FD57B8CAA543FAC3" authorityName=": De Santis" authorityYear="1964" box="[693,851,1262,1286]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Coccidencyrtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B967EAA3FF74FF06FD57B8CAA543FAC3" box="[693,851,1262,1286]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">Coccidencyrtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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due to their squat appearance, short marginal vein, subsessile stigmal vein and relatively small size. They differ from
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FF74FF06FBF5B92DA29CFAE5" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1900" box="[1047,1164,1289,1312]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Ooencyrtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B967EAA3FF74FF06FBF5B92DA29CFAE5" box="[1047,1164,1289,1312]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">Ooencyrtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in having a strong, bristle-like seta near the inner, ventral margin of the mandible, head triangular in profile and scutellum that is much broader than long with a broadly rounded apex. The absence of a socketed peg-like structure on the inner surface of the mandible and presence of a conspicuous bristle excludes
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FF74FF06FEB8B950A796FA4E" authorityName="Noyes" authorityYear="2023" box="[346,390,1396,1419]" class="Insecta" family="Derbidae" genus="Tico" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B967EAA3FF74FF06FEB8B950A796FA4E" box="[346,390,1396,1419]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">Tico</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FF74FF06FE0BB950A466FA49" box="[489,630,1396,1420]" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" rank="tribe" tribe="Habrolepidini">Habrolepidini</taxonomicName>
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to which
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FF74FF06FD38B950A568FA49" authorityName=": De Santis" authorityYear="1964" box="[730,888,1396,1420]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Coccidencyrtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="161" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B967EAA3FF74FF06FD38B950A568FA49" box="[730,888,1396,1420]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="160">Coccidencyrtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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belongs.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |