352 lines
36 KiB
XML
352 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="693049738A0500FA5F6ACCDFF6837E37" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.193586" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f5b02474-9d26-4102-90cc-5ff26e6d59b0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="193586" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460156214641" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Y, R A M A M U Rt H & Ayri, Shaloo" docDate="2010" docId="646A878FE7377635FF3927F1FAEDFB5A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02357p049.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2357" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Indomias cretaceus Faust" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="9853FFF7E72B7628FFAE2766FFEEFFD9" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Indomias Marshall (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae, Tanymecini) from India" masterLastPageNumber="49" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1698235598372" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F3B82CC1BB46B94A8CEB54759C1ECD1C">
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<mods:title id="325F49ABEE7BA8A2EBD2BEA06D5A338B">Revision of the genus Indomias Marshall (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae, Tanymecini) from India</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DA399090F7DE67FAA195C69923750109" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="64C272A8F6D883DDAFF15D1FAAC225F3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6AD0505F726AD98C0DD6E250EEC210B5">Y, R A M A M U Rt H</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="64698624631C1415C64944C5149A83CC" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D478A33ACBC79D63C1F67157A82E2E60">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1C0B6A98AB166E06AA30F73D1FB69CE5">Ayri, Shaloo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="64F607D28FEE57EECD390ADA70317FCF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A42BE54926D59AC7C5CC64D09DA434B4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F747DC6785C947578183700AF25CF0DB">
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<mods:date id="24CC1E4DA63D62320A9496E9E379A7AC">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="05F0A886B3E79A8084A639A4BBA9DBCD" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="1E924A426C89C22756520FBEAE1F0943">2357</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="1507BAEBBE1051B2416785799C70F3BB" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="A95CE81CEDADD5C442134246ED014369">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="8E51375522CAB7B62303C7C9D1701A40">49</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="B7C3F006E40AA540B9A4D4F803E4017A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CB4442B4EFC1B5582B063D695137CDB9" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.193586</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="61186A51DC834A976F1730F13D46DE49" type="GBIF-Dataset">f5b02474-9d26-4102-90cc-5ff26e6d59b0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="ACD0351C19C19DE085378406AE006A37" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F640DA9C3B92CE117255659ED0ED644C" type="Zenodo-Dep">193586</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="646A878FE7377635FF3927F1FAEDFB5A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5669647" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124956074" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5669647" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:646A878FE7377635FF3927F1FAEDFB5A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/646A878FE7377635FF3927F1FAEDFB5A" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<subSubSection id="A4D96512E7377634FF3927F1FDEEFF68" box="[151,512,151,177]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7377634FF3927F1FDEEFF68" blockId="28.[151,769,151,212]" box="[151,512,151,177]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<heading id="B73481F5E7377634FF3927F1FDEEFF68" bold="true" box="[151,512,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FF3927F1FDEEFF68" bold="true" box="[151,512,151,177]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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6.
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<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7377634FF1A27F1FDEEFF68" ID-CoL="8KFZF" authority="Faust" authorityName="Faust" box="[180,512,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Indomias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cretaceus">
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<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FF1A27F1FE70FF68" bold="true" box="[180,414,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Indomias cretaceus</emphasis>
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(Faust)
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A4D96512E7377634FF3927DCFCEFFF0D" box="[151,769,186,212]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
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<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7377634FF3927DCFCEFFF0D" blockId="28.[151,769,151,212]" box="[151,769,186,212]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">(figs. 2, 28, 53, 86, 137, 154, 165, 189, 190 and 191)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A4D96512E7377634FF392663FBFAFEC5" box="[151,1044,261,284]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7377634FF392663FBFAFEC5" blockId="28.[151,1044,261,284]" box="[151,1044,261,284]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="CCD311B7E7377634FF392663FBFAFEC5" box="[151,1044,261,284]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7377634FF392663FDB8FEC5" ID-CoL="8JFJ6" authority="Faust, 1897: 340" authorityName="Faust" authorityPageNumber="340" authorityYear="1897" box="[151,598,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sympiezomias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cretaceus">
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<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FF392663FE74FEC5" box="[151,410,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Sympiezomias cretaceus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="6D621088E7377634FE0E2663FDB8FEC5" author="Faust" box="[416,598,261,284]" page="340" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1897">
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<bibRefCitation id="88524B68E7377634FE0E2663FDCEFEC5" author="Faust" box="[416,544,261,284]" pageId="28" pageNumber="47" refString="Faust, J. (1897) Beschreibung neuer Coleopteren Von Vorder und Hinterindien aus der Sammlung des Hrn. Andrewes in London. Curculionidae. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 2, 337 - 388." type="journal article" year="1897">Faust, 1897</bibRefCitation>
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: 340
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="6D621088E7377634FDCF2663FCD5FEC5" author="Marshall" box="[609,827,261,284]" page="167" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1916">
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<bibRefCitation id="88524B68E7377634FDCF2663FCE8FEC5" author="Marshall" box="[609,774,261,284]" pageId="28" pageNumber="47" refString="Marshall, G. A. K. (1916) Coleoptera. Rhynchophora: Curculionidae. In Shipley, A. E. (ed.): The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor and Francis, London. XV + 367 pp." type="book" year="1916">
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<collectingCountry id="94D47609E7377634FDCF2663FD2DFEC5" box="[609,707,261,284]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Marshall</collectingCountry>
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, 1916
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 167
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</treatmentCitation>
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; 1941: 350 [SMTD]
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A4D96512E7377634FF39262CFE9BF91F" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
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<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7377634FF39262CFBAFFC14" blockId="28.[151,1437,330,2025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FF39262CFE7FFEBD" bold="true" box="[151,401,330,356]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Description: Colour</emphasis>
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uniformly black, chalky white or pale green vestiture, without pollinose lateral stripe on elytra.
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<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FF462608FEC5FE51" bold="true" box="[232,299,366,392]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Head</emphasis>
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convex, as long as rostrum, with scattered deep punctations; frons as broad as rostrum at anterior margin.
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<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FF5626F4FE89FE75" bold="true" box="[248,359,402,428]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Rostrum</emphasis>
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transverse, plain dorsally, 1.1x as broad as long, anterior margin 0.87x as broad as posterior margin; median furrow uniformly broad throughout, distinct up to anterior margin; lateral carinae distinct; scrobes broadest at middle, narrowed and pointed anteriorly, rounded posteriorly, space between scrobes as much as space between eyes. Eyes oval and dorsolateral (figs. 2 and 28).
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<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FBB82699FB7FFDC0" bold="true" box="[1046,1169,511,537]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Antennae</emphasis>
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reddish brown; scape gradually broadened; funicle with first segment 1.1x as long as second, third and fourth equal bead like, fifth and sixth equal; club conical, entire surface densely hairy (fig. 53). Prothorax 1.1x as broad as long, its breadth at middle 1.1x as that of posterior margin; sides rounded throughout and strongly narrowed anteriorly; anterior margin 0.87x as that of posterior margin, truncate dorsally and oblique laterally, posterior margin subtruncate; upper surface with coarse, confluent punctations and interspaces granulate. Legs with hind tibial apex without any dense golden yellow hairs.
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<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FD1B25BFFCE8FD2A" bold="true" box="[693,774,729,755]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Elytra</emphasis>
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ovate, basal margin strongly raised with acute external angle, humeral fold prominent, not impressed on declivity, with acute external basal angle; apices rounded in male, separately pointed but not truly mucronate in female; stria deeply punctatostriate; intervals slightly convex, with short, elongate scales; dorsal outline much convex, deepest near the middle and gradually sloping behind; ratio of length between basal margin to posterior declivity and from posterior declivity to apex 0.9:1; elytral vestiture with predominant reddish scales, ovate with 7–8 ridges (fig. 86). Venter with elongate scales on the first two ventrites, short and flattened, as compared to
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<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7377634FC1D24D5FBD4FC15" box="[947,1082,947,972]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Indomias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decipiens">
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<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FC1D24D5FBD4FC15" box="[947,1082,947,972]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">I. decipiens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7377634FF6A24B1FAA0FB7F" blockId="28.[151,1437,330,2025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FF6A24B1FE6DFC29" box="[196,387,983,1008]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Male genitalia:</emphasis>
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Aedeagus with median lobe, short, broad, broadest at junction with apophyses, apex pointed, length: breadth ratio 5.8:1, apophyses short, only 0.5x as long as median lobe, apices broadly rounded (figs. 189–190). Tegmen with dorsal piece
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<date id="987D1059E7377634FD592346FCFBFBE3" box="[759,789,1056,1082]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">3x</date>
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as broad as the basal piece; parameres very short, with pointed apices; manubrium moderately long, 0.57x as long as the median lobe, it is bent throughout its length, apex bluntly rounded (fig. 191). Spiculum gastrale with shaft as long as median lobe, slender at middle, broad at either ends, apex bent acutely and rectangular; basal prongs subequal with rounded apices (fig. 165).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7377634FF6A23D7FAE5FA85" blockId="28.[151,1437,330,2025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FF6A23D7FE74FB13" box="[196,410,1201,1226]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Female genitalia:</emphasis>
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Spermatheca with proximal arm swollen,
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<date id="987D1059E7377634FC3523D7FC57FB12" box="[923,953,1201,1227]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">3x</date>
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as broad and 0.64x as long as the distal arm, angle between the arms obtuse; nodulus globular, ramus cuboidal, 3.4x as broad as nodulus; cornu narrowing towards smoothly rounded apex (fig. 137). Spiculum ventrale with shaft moderately long, uniformly thick, its apex bluntly rounded; basal plate 0.33x as long as shaft spatulate, longer than broad (1:0.7), with basal half rectangular, apical half subconical, apex blunt with tuft of hairs (fig. 154).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7377634FF6A2200FABEFA59" blockId="28.[151,1437,330,2025]" box="[196,1360,1382,1408]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FF6A2200FEF1FAA6" box="[196,287,1382,1407]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Length:</emphasis>
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male,
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<quantity id="2B3B9B7CE7377634FEC02200FE06FA59" box="[366,488,1382,1408]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="6.25" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="6.0">6–6.5 mm</quantity>
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; female,
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<quantity id="2B3B9B7CE7377634FDFC2200FD0DFA59" box="[594,739,1382,1408]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="8.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="9.5" valueMin="8.5">8.5–9.5 mm</quantity>
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.
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<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FD402200FCBBFAA6" box="[750,853,1382,1407]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Breadth:</emphasis>
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male, 2.5–3.0 mm; female,
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<quantity id="2B3B9B7CE7377634FB312200FAA2FA59" box="[1183,1356,1382,1408]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.425" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.25" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="3.425" valueMax="3.6" valueMin="3.25">3.25–3.60 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7377634FF6A22ECFE9BF91F" blockId="28.[151,1437,330,2025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FF6A22ECFE0EFA7D" bold="true" box="[196,480,1418,1444]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Specimens examined:</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="FAC5FD10E7377634FE4722ECFDAEFA7D" box="[489,576,1418,1444]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">2 male</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="94D47609E7377634FDE022ECFD44FA7D" box="[590,682,1418,1444]" name="India" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">INDIA</collectingCountry>
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: Tamil Nadu: Gudalur: Nilgirii Hills:
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<quantity id="2B3B9B7CE7377634FB2B22ECFB0CFA7D" box="[1157,1250,1418,1444]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="ft" value="3500.0">3500 ft</quantity>
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, 1949, without collector's name;
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<specimenCount id="FAC5FD10E7377634FEC222C9FE37FA10" box="[364,473,1455,1481]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
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, Karnataka: Bangalore:
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<date id="987D1059E7377634FD5122C9FC71FA10" box="[767,927,1455,1481]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1913-08-26">26.VIII.1913</date>
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, Coll. T.B. F., on mulberry; Nilgirii Hills, without date and collector's name;
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<specimenCount id="FAC5FD10E7377634FDEE22B5FD7BFA34" box="[576,661,1491,1517]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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, Coimbatore; Bailur forest,
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<date id="987D1059E7377634FC4422B5FB4AFA34" box="[1002,1188,1491,1517]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1913-11-23" valueMax="1913-11-28" valueMin="1913-11-23">23–28.XI.1913</date>
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, Coll. Ramakrishna; Nilgirii Hills: Adderley:
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<quantity id="2B3B9B7CE7377634FE162291FDE0F9C8" box="[440,526,1527,1553]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="ft" value="3000.0">3000 ft</quantity>
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,
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<date id="987D1059E7377634FDB72291FD70F9C8" box="[537,670,1527,1553]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1915-04-26">26.IV.1915</date>
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, Coll. G.R. Dutt; Karnataka: Bangalore,
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<date id="987D1059E7377634FBDB2291FB13F9C8" box="[1141,1277,1527,1553]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1908-06-24">24.VI.1908</date>
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, Coll. T.V.R.; Karnataka: Bangalore:
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<date id="987D1059E7377634FE08217DFDE7F9EC" box="[422,521,1563,1589]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1906-06">VI.1906</date>
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, Coll. T.V.R.; Kerala: Malabar: Dhony forests:
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<date id="987D1059E7377634FB9C217DFB43F9EC" box="[1074,1197,1563,1589]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1922-05-26">26.V.1922</date>
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, Coll. Ramakrishna;
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<specimenCount id="FAC5FD10E7377634FF392126FED7F983" box="[151,313,1600,1626]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">6 specimens</specimenCount>
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, Karnataka: Bangalore: PDBC,
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<date id="987D1059E7377634FD7B2126FC8BF983" box="[725,869,1600,1626]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1998-07-03">3.VII.1998</date>
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, Coll. J. Poorani, on redgram;
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<specimenCount id="FAC5FD10E7377634FB582126FA77F983" box="[1270,1433,1600,1626]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">6 specimens</specimenCount>
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, Karnataka: Bangalore: PDBC,
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<date id="987D1059E7377634FD872102FD5FF9A7" box="[553,689,1636,1662]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1998-05-25">25.V.1998</date>
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, Coll. J. Poorani, on rose; Tamil Nadu: Thadiyankudisai,
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<date id="987D1059E7377634FF3921EEFEDEF97B" box="[151,304,1672,1698]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1999-07-24">24.VII.1999</date>
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, Coll. S. Suresh, on coffee;
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||
<specimenCount id="FAC5FD10E7377634FD2021EEFCC7F97B" box="[654,809,1672,1698]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
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, Karnataka: Bangalore: PDBC,
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<date id="987D1059E7377634FB1B21EEFAD8F97B" box="[1205,1334,1672,1698]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1998-05-25">25.V.1998</date>
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, Coll. J. Poorani, on radish.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A4D96512E7377634FF6A21B6FC23F8D6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7377634FF6A21B6FD25F932" blockId="28.[151,1437,330,2025]" box="[196,715,1744,1771]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FF6A21B6FE89F933" bold="true" box="[196,359,1744,1770]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="94D47609E7377634FEC321B7FE40F932" box="[365,430,1745,1771]" name="India" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Karnataka: Tamil Nadu
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7377634FF6A2193FC23F8D6" blockId="28.[151,1437,330,2025]" box="[196,973,1781,1807]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FF6A2193FE51F8D6" bold="true" box="[196,447,1781,1807]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Associated habitats:</emphasis>
|
||
Coffee, radish, rose, redgram, and mulberry.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A4D96512E7377635FF6A207FFAEDFB5A" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7377634FF6A207FFE4BF8A5" blockId="28.[151,1437,330,2025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FF6A207FFE7AF8EA" bold="true" box="[196,404,1817,1843]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Taxonomic note:</emphasis>
|
||
This species exhibits sexual dimorphism in size; females are more robust than males.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="88524B68E7377634FF392058FEBDF881" author="Marshall" box="[151,339,1854,1880]" pageId="28" pageNumber="47" refString="Marshall, G. A. K. (1916) Coleoptera. Rhynchophora: Curculionidae. In Shipley, A. E. (ed.): The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor and Francis, London. XV + 367 pp." type="book" year="1916">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="94D47609E7377634FF392058FF11F881" box="[151,255,1854,1880]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Marshall</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1916)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that apical margin of prothorax is vertically truncate laterally, but it has been found that it is obliquely truncate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7377634FF6A20E0FB46F830" blockId="28.[151,1437,330,2025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FF6A20E0FE14F879" bold="true" box="[196,506,1926,1952]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Economic importance:</emphasis>
|
||
It is reported to be a vector of sandal spike disease in sandal (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="88524B68E7377634FA8520E0FE69F81D" author="Hart" pageId="28" pageNumber="47" refString="Hart, W. C. & Rengaswamy, S. (1926) Preliminary investigation into cause and cure of the spike disease in sandal (Santalum album) in north Salem division, Madras Presidency. Indian Forester, 3 (8), 373 - 390." type="journal article" year="1926">Hart and Rengaswamy, 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Anonymous, 1932, 1933). It was reported feeding on coffee (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="88524B68E7377634FBD020CCFAF9F81D" author="Ayyar" box="[1150,1303,1962,1988]" pageId="28" pageNumber="47" refString="Ayyar, T. V. R. (1922) The weevil fauna of south India with special reference to species of economic importance. Agriculture Research Institute, Pusa, Calcutta, Bulletin, 125 pp." type="book" year="1922">Ayyar, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), mulberry (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="88524B68E7377634FF3020A9FE41F830" author="Wadhi" box="[158,431,1999,2025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="48" refString="Wadhi, S. R. & Batra, H. N. (1964) Pests of tropical and subtropical fruit trees (pp. 227 - 260). In: Entomology in India. The Entomological Society of India, New Delhi. pp. 513." type="journal article" year="1964">Wadhi and Batra, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and on
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7377634FDBB20A9FCF3F831" box="[533,797,1999,2024]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Rawolfia seperpentina</emphasis>
|
||
plantations (Pratap
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="88524B68E7377634FBA720A9FB75F830" author="Singh" box="[1033,1179,1999,2025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="48" refString="Singh, P. (1964) Studies on the pests of Rauwolfia serpentina Benth ex. Kurz. I. Indian Forester, 12, 839 - 842." type="journal article" year="1964">Singh, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7367635FF3927F1FAF3FEAB" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<table id="9EC3C439E73689D7FF3927F1FADFFEAB" box="[151,1329,151,370]" gridcols="3" gridrows="5" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<tr id="52F334DBE73689D7FF3927F1FADFFF76" box="[151,1329,151,175]" gridrow="0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<th id="11225DA7E73689D7FF3927F1FEB7FF76" box="[151,345,151,175]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FF3927F1FEE6FF76" bold="true" box="[151,264,151,175]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Sexual
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="11225DA7E73689D7FECE27F1FC6CFF76" box="[352,898,151,175]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
dimorphic characters in
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FDCC27FEFD23FF76" box="[610,717,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FDCC27FEFD27FF76" box="[610,713,152,175]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Indomias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Indomias</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="52F334DBE73689D7FF3927A1FADFFF23" box="[151,1329,199,250]" gridrow="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<th id="11225DA7E73689D7FF3927A1FEB7FF23" box="[151,345,199,250]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Character 1. Pronotum</th>
|
||
<td id="11225DA7E73689D7FECE27A1FC6CFF23" box="[352,898,199,250]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Description (i) Slightly longer than broad (1.0:0.9)</td>
|
||
<td id="11225DA7E73689D7FBCD27A1FADFFF23" box="[1123,1329,199,250]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Diagnosis Male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB342783FAF3FF23" box="[1178,1309,229,250]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sympiezomias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB342783FAF3FF23" box="[1178,1309,229,250]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I. acutipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="52F334DBE73689D7FF39266BFADFFEFB" box="[151,1329,269,290]" gridrow="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="11225DA7E73689D7FECE266BFC6CFEFB" box="[352,898,269,290]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">(ii) Broader than long (1.1:1.0)</td>
|
||
<td id="11225DA7E73689D7FBCD266BFADFFEFB" box="[1123,1329,269,290]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB01266BFADFFEFB" box="[1199,1329,269,290]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sympiezomias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB01266BFADFFEFB" box="[1199,1329,269,290]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I. acutipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="52F334DBE73689D7FF392653FADFFE93" box="[151,1329,309,330]" gridrow="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="11225DA7E73689D7FECE2653FC6CFE93" box="[352,898,309,330]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">(iii) As long as broad</td>
|
||
<td id="11225DA7E73689D7FBCD2653FADFFE93" box="[1123,1329,309,330]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB342653FAE6FE93" box="[1178,1288,309,330]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Indomias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decipiens">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB342653FAE6FE93" box="[1178,1288,309,330]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I. decipiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="52F334DBE73689D7FF39263BFADFFEAB" box="[151,1329,349,370]" gridrow="4" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="11225DA7E73689D7FECE263BFC6CFEAB" box="[352,898,349,370]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">(iv) Slightly broader than long (1:0.9)</td>
|
||
<td id="11225DA7E73689D7FBCD263BFADFFEAB" box="[1123,1329,349,370]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB01263BFAF3FEAB" box="[1199,1309,349,370]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Indomias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decipiens">I. decipiens</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7367635FDBC26E3FAEEFDDE" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<table id="9EC3C439E73689D7FF3926E3FADFFDDE" box="[151,1329,389,519]" gridcols="3" gridrows="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<tr id="52F334DBE73689D7FF3926E3FADFFE43" box="[151,1329,389,410]" gridrow="0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="11225DA7E73689D7FDBC26E3FC28FE43" box="[530,966,389,410]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">(v) Sides more rounded and narrower in front</th>
|
||
<th id="11225DA7E73689D7FBCD26E3FADFFE43" box="[1123,1329,389,410]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB3426E3FB00FE43" box="[1178,1262,389,410]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Indomias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lividus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB3426E3FB4CFE43" box="[1178,1186,389,410]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB0026E3FB00FE43" box="[1198,1262,389,410]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">lividus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="52F334DBE73689D7FF3926CBFADFFE1B" box="[151,1329,429,450]" gridrow="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<th id="11225DA7E73689D7FF3926CBFED3FE1B" box="[151,317,429,450]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">2. Elytra</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="52F334DBE73689D7FF3926B3FADFFDDE" box="[151,1329,469,519]" gridrow="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<th id="11225DA7E73689D7FF3926B3FED3FDDE" box="[151,317,469,519]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">a. General shape</th>
|
||
<td id="11225DA7E73689D7FDBC26B3FC28FDDE" box="[530,966,469,519]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">(i) Narrowly ovate</td>
|
||
<td id="11225DA7E73689D7FBCD26B3FADFFDDE" box="[1123,1329,469,519]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Male
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB3426B3FB13FE33" box="[1178,1277,469,490]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB3426B3FB17FE33" box="[1178,1273,469,490]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sympiezomias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beesoni">I. beesoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB342694FAEEFDDE" box="[1178,1280,498,519]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Indomias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prasinus">I. prasinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7367635FDBC257CFAF8FD8E" blockId="29.[159,1324,538,978]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
(ii) Slightly broader Female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB01257CFAE2FDF6" box="[1199,1292,538,559]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sympiezomias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beesoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB01257CFAE2FDF6" box="[1199,1292,538,559]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I. beesoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(iii) Broader Female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB012524FAF8FD8E" box="[1199,1302,578,599]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Indomias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prasinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB012524FAF8FD8E" box="[1199,1302,578,599]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I. prasinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7367635FF31250CFDA7FD1D" blockId="29.[159,1324,538,978]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
b. Development of humeral fold (i) Practically absent Male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB34250CFAF9FDA6" box="[1178,1303,618,639]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Indomias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praeteritus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB34250CFAF9FDA6" box="[1178,1303,618,639]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I. praeteritus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ii) Developed but does not project beyond lateral outline of Female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB0125F4FAC2FD7E" box="[1199,1324,658,679]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Indomias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praeteritus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB0125F4FAC2FD7E" box="[1199,1324,658,679]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I. praeteritus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
elytra
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7367635FDBC25B1FDA8FCEB" blockId="29.[159,1324,538,978]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
(iii) Humeral fold forming a distinctly projecting angle Female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB0125BEFAF8FD34" box="[1199,1302,728,749]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Indomias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prasinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB0125BEFAF8FD34" box="[1199,1302,728,749]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I. prasinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(iv) Humeral fold distinct but does not form a projecting Male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB342466FAEEFCCC" box="[1178,1280,768,789]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Indomias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prasinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB342466FAEEFCCC" box="[1178,1280,768,789]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I. prasinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
angle
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7367635FF312423FB17FC0B" blockId="29.[159,1324,538,978]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
c. Apex of elytra (i) Rounded Male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB342423FAE7FC83" box="[1178,1289,837,858]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sympiezomias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cretaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB342423FAE7FC83" box="[1178,1289,837,858]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I. cretaceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ii) Separately pointed but not truly mucronate Female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB01240BFAF0FC5B" box="[1199,1310,877,898]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sympiezomias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cretaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB01240BFAF0FC5B" box="[1199,1310,877,898]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I. cretaceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(iii) Almost rounded Male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB3424F3FB0BFC73" box="[1178,1253,917,938]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Indomias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frater">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB3424F3FB0BFC73" box="[1178,1253,917,938]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I. frater</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(iv) Slightly mucronate Female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB0124DBFB17FC0B" box="[1199,1273,957,978]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Indomias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frater">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB0124DBFB17FC0B" box="[1199,1273,957,978]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I. frater</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7367635FDBC2490FB00FB82" blockId="29.[530,1343,1014,1155]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
(v) With short, distinct apical mucros Female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB012490FAD1FBD2" box="[1199,1343,1014,1035]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sympiezomias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anamalainus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB012490FAD1FBD2" box="[1199,1343,1014,1035]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I. anamalainus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(vi) With short, distinct apical mucros Female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB012378FAF3FBEA" box="[1199,1309,1054,1075]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Indomias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decipiens">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB012378FAF3FBEA" box="[1199,1309,1054,1075]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I. decipiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(vii) Not mucronate or rounded Male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB342320FB00FB82" box="[1178,1262,1094,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Indomias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lividus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB342320FB00FB82" box="[1178,1262,1094,1115]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I. lividus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC7C3699E7367635FDBC2308FAEDFB5A" blockId="29.[530,1343,1014,1155]" box="[530,1283,1134,1155]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
(viii) Scarcely mucronate Female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC34D1AE7367635FB012308FAEDFB5A" box="[1199,1283,1134,1155]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Indomias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lividus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEB7EA8BE7367635FB012308FAEDFB5A" box="[1199,1283,1134,1155]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I. lividus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |