654 lines
82 KiB
XML
654 lines
82 KiB
XML
<document id="D6D4235A1AF8A19B6B8D4ED0A13EB42D" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.180499" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a5dfe36d-abca-412b-9346-e014b407023a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="180499" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459808815682" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="De, Nelson R. & Lema, Thales De" docDate="2008" docId="085387A93F4BFF95F9A9FDB0EEFEF89C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01685p066.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1685" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Hydrops triangularis" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="F46AFFD13F49FF93F93EFF92EE2DFFC3" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical water snake Hydrops triangularis (Serpentes, Colubridae)" masterLastPageNumber="66" masterPageNumber="55" pageNumber="57" updateTime="1698220796665" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="D02B1938D66E873A304A6B7A75F646E7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="7458852AD32901DB6263D56D34FDC51E">
|
||
<mods:title id="F76F2B3BD935FF337378D2733F6B251A">Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical water snake Hydrops triangularis (Serpentes, Colubridae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="B1BEEEE30794B896932410B1E62D55AF" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F2B6B64A2C871046A1FF1B4CD5F947B9">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="A51C3A81551AF0568A6A76AAD716CF36">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="90CFA308E8E20ECCF71595C65A7317CB">De, Nelson R.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="77B983359A158CE4A47CD64034FC5EA3" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="A4D8504B8D63018C37D4F51F79062207">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="C560AF596042A1849B24FA76954DFD13">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="0D620A211F8B61C45B7D6E64BFE3F45D">Lema, Thales De</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="BA8CB2B7D39F23086B96C6193B000E8E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="00DC7D8C02742F9CFA3F5BD0309BB223" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="4E62220B6B3A96D9C165F102B93067E9">
|
||
<mods:title id="9C64E20E4A7F3BEE4FA2AE28212F4FE7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="3587F0CAA8F9BFD15396CFDAA7E2CCC6">
|
||
<mods:date id="F1D6D1F2926FC884DD7BB524C1D6A7E7">2008</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="6ABC723395508A08E0BDCF5B600836C0" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="12470A589701DFA9FC7907CFDC72D829">1685</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="6A60F69BDBF1B67BB7378C1CF3AD76B4" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="D1BD8C0A1DF1042DE74395FCA2BF9B3A">55</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="7DB69E02AE6D079EF671AFDFD7610134">66</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="414DD614ED761AC20D322BABA0358C90">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B30B38F0D1C7EFCFF649FD60F1D2F717" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.180499</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="1C84331CD92FADC1B98EEF8724968990" type="GBIF-Dataset">a5dfe36d-abca-412b-9346-e014b407023a</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="5FA6508E7C0302AA817B33AE0698BB35" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="A723527F298CEC565C76A554BC3DA037" type="Zenodo-Dep">180499</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="085387A93F4BFF95F9A9FDB0EEFEF89C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5676874" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119353337" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5676874" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:085387A93F4BFF95F9A9FDB0EEFEF89C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/085387A93F4BFF95F9A9FDB0EEFEF89C" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C8E065343F4BFF91F9A9FDB0EFB9FDFF" box="[151,404,546,572]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4BFF91F9A9FDB0EFB9FDFF" blockId="2.[151,404,546,572]" box="[151,404,546,572]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<heading id="DB0D81D33F4BFF91F9A9FDB0EFB9FDFF" bold="true" box="[151,404,546,572]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F9A9FDB0EFB9FDFF" box="[151,404,546,572]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FDB0EFB9FDFF" bold="true" box="[151,404,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Hydrops triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C8E065343F4BFF91F9A9FDE1ED3AFD13" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4BFF91F9A9FDE1EC09FD6E" blockId="2.[151,1430,627,1306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F9A9FDE1EFDDFD49" authority="Wagler, 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" box="[151,496,627,650]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Elaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FDE1EF74FD49" box="[151,345,627,650]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Elaps triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4BFF91F861FDE1EFDDFD49" author="Wagler" box="[351,496,627,650]" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" refString="Wagler, J. (1824) Serpentum brasiliensium species novae ou historie naturelle des especes nouvelles de serpens ... Monachii: Typis Francisci Seraphi Hubschmann, viii + 75 pp." type="book" year="1824">Wagler, 1824</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in Spix, Sp. Nov. Serp. Bras.: 5, pl. 2a, fig. 1 Type-locality: Ega, lake Tef, at confluence with Rio Solimes, Amazonas,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4BFF91F8E5FD04EC32FD6E" box="[475,543,662,685]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4BFF91F9A9FD2BED3AFD13" blockId="2.[151,1430,627,1306]" box="[151,791,697,720]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F9A9FD2BEF5AFD13" box="[151,375,697,720]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FD2BEF5AFD13" box="[151,375,697,720]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Hydrops triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Wagler, 1830, Nat. Syst. Amph.: 170.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C8E065343F4BFF91F9A9FD49ED55FB57" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4BFF91F9A9FD49ECBDFCD6" blockId="2.[151,1430,627,1306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F9A9FD49EF4CFD31" authority="Martii" authorityName="Martii" box="[151,353,731,754]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FD49EF4CFD31" box="[151,353,731,754]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Homalopsis Martii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(partim);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4BFF91F8F3FD49EC43FD31" author="Schlegel" box="[461,622,731,754]" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" refString="Schlegel, H. (1837) Essai sur la physionomie des serpens, v. 1: xxviii + 251 pp. Atlas, 21 pls. Text, Amsterdam: M. H. Schonekat. Atlas, La Haye: J. Kips, J. Hz. Et W. P. Van Stockum." type="book" year="1837">Schlegel, 1837</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Ess. Phys. Serp., 2, p. 356, pl. 13, figs. 19 and 20; t. 1, p. 173.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F9A9FD6CEF14FCD6" box="[151,313,766,789]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="martii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FD6CEF14FCD6" box="[151,313,766,789]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Hydrops martii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Gray, 1842, Zool. Misc., p. 68.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4BFF91F9A9FCB3ED2FFCFB" blockId="2.[151,1430,627,1306]" box="[151,770,801,824]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FCB3EF16FCFB" box="[151,315,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Higina fasciata</emphasis>
|
||
Gray, 1849, Cat. Sp. Sn., Brit. Mus. p. 75.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4BFF91F9A9FCD6ED78FC07" blockId="2.[151,1430,627,1306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F9A9FCD6EF11FC98" authority="Martii" authorityName="Martii" box="[151,316,836,859]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FCD6EF11FC98" box="[151,316,836,859]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Hydrops Martii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(partim); Dumril, Bibron and Dumril, 1854, Erp. Gn., 7, p. 484.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F9A9FCF5EF11FCBD" authority="Martii" authorityName="Martii" box="[151,316,871,894]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FCF5EF11FCBD" box="[151,316,871,894]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Hydrops Martii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4BFF91F875FCF5EFFCFCBD" box="[331,465,871,894]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1856, Nomencl. Rept. Amph. Mus. Zool. Berl., p. 28.
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FC18EF63FC62" box="[151,334,906,929]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Calopsma
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F834FC18EF63FC62" box="[266,334,906,929]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="martii">Martii</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(partim); Jan, 1865, Arch. Zool. Anat. Phys., 3, p. 242.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F9A9FC3FEF11FC07" authority="Martii" authorityName="Martii" box="[151,316,941,964]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FC3FEF11FC07" box="[151,316,941,964]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Hydrops Martii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4BFF91F875FC3FEFF4FC07" author="Gnther" box="[331,473,941,964]" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" refString="Gunther, A. (1868) Sixth account of new species of snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 1, 413 - 429." type="journal article" year="1868">Gnther, 1868</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 4(1), p. 241.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4BFF91F9A9FC42ED55FBEF" blockId="2.[151,1430,627,1306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F9A9FC42EF5AFC24" box="[151,375,976,999]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FC42EF5AFC24" box="[151,375,976,999]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Hydrops triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4BFF91F8B8FC5DEC14FC25" author="Boulenger" box="[390,569,975,998]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1894) Catalog of the snakes in the British Museum. vol. 2, Taylor and Francis Press, London, xi + 382 pp." type="book" year="1894">Boulenger, 1894</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Cat. Sn. Brit. Mus., 2, p. 187, 359.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F9A9FC60EF5AFBCA" box="[151,375,1010,1033]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FC60EF5AFBCA" box="[151,375,1010,1033]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Hydrops triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(partim); Boettger, 1898, Kat. Rept. Mus. Senckenb., t. 2, p. 70.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F9A9FB87EFA1FBEF" box="[151,396,1045,1068]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Pseuderyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FB87EFA1FBEF" box="[151,396,1045,1068]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Pseuderyx triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Bocourt, 1895, Miss. Sc.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4BFF91FB97FB87ECF0FBEF" box="[681,733,1045,1068]" name="Mexico" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Mex</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Rept., p. 806.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4BFF91F9A9FBAAECF2FB8C" blockId="2.[151,1430,627,1306]" box="[151,735,1080,1103]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F9A9FBAAEF42FB8C" box="[151,367,1080,1103]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Pseuderyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inagnitus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FBAAEF42FB8C" box="[151,367,1080,1103]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Pseuderyx inagnitus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Bocourt, 1899, Le Natur., p. 155.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4BFF91F9A9FBC9ED55FB57" blockId="2.[151,1430,627,1306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F9A9FBC9EFD0FBB1" box="[151,509,1115,1138]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="triangularis" subSpecies="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FBC9EFD0FBB1" box="[151,509,1115,1138]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Hydrops triangularis triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Amaral, 1930 (1929), Mem. Inst. Butantan, 4, p. 92.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F9A9FBECEFF0FB56" box="[151,477,1150,1173]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="triangularis" subSpecies="fasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FBECEFF0FB56" box="[151,477,1150,1173]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Hydrops triangularis fasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4BFF91F8D5FBEFEC45FB57" author="Roze" box="[491,616,1149,1172]" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" refString="Roze, J. A. (1957) Resumen de una revision del genero Hydrops (Wagler, 1830) (Serpentes: Colubridae). Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 8, 1 - 95." type="journal article" year="1957">Roze, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Acta Biol. Venez., p. 76.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C8E065343F4BFF91F9A9FB33EDADFAD9" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4BFF91F9A9FB33ED5BFB19" blockId="2.[151,1430,627,1306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F9A9FB33ECBFFB74" authority="Roze, 1957" authorityName="Roze" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,658,1184,1208]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="triangularis" subSpecies="venezuelensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FB33EC22FB7B" box="[151,527,1185,1208]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Hydrops triangularis venezuelensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4BFF91FB28FB32ECBFFB74" author="Roze" box="[534,658,1184,1207]" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" refString="Roze, J. A. (1957) Resumen de una revision del genero Hydrops (Wagler, 1830) (Serpentes: Colubridae). Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 8, 1 - 95." type="journal article" year="1957">Roze, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Acta Biol. Venez., p. 78.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F9A9FB51EC4BFB19" authority="Roze, 1957" authorityName="Roze" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,614,1219,1242]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="triangularis" subSpecies="neglectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FB51EFCEFB19" box="[151,483,1219,1242]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Hydrops triangularis neglectus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4BFF91F8D4FB51EC4BFB19" author="Roze" box="[490,614,1219,1242]" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" refString="Roze, J. A. (1957) Resumen de una revision del genero Hydrops (Wagler, 1830) (Serpentes: Colubridae). Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 8, 1 - 95." type="journal article" year="1957">Roze, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Acta Biol. Venez., p. 81.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4BFF91F9A9FB74ED4BFB3E" blockId="2.[151,1430,627,1306]" box="[151,870,1254,1277]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F9A9FB74EC7BFB3E" authority="Roze, 1957" authorityName="Roze" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,598,1254,1277]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="triangularis" subSpecies="bassleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FB74EFFFFB3E" box="[151,466,1254,1277]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Hydrops triangularis bassleri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4BFF91F8E7FB74EC7BFB3E" author="Roze" box="[473,598,1254,1277]" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" refString="Roze, J. A. (1957) Resumen de una revision del genero Hydrops (Wagler, 1830) (Serpentes: Colubridae). Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 8, 1 - 95." type="journal article" year="1957">Roze, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Acta Biol. Venez., p. 83.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4BFF91F9A9FA91EDADFAD9" blockId="2.[151,1430,627,1306]" box="[151,896,1283,1306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4BFF91F9A9FA91EC5DFAD9" authority="Roze, 1957" authorityName="Roze" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,624,1283,1306]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="triangularis" subSpecies="bolivianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FA91EFC0FAD9" box="[151,493,1283,1306]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Hydrops triangularis bolivianus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4BFF91F8CAFA91EC5DFAD9" author="Roze" box="[500,624,1283,1306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" refString="Roze, J. A. (1957) Resumen de una revision del genero Hydrops (Wagler, 1830) (Serpentes: Colubridae). Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 8, 1 - 95." type="journal article" year="1957">Roze, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Acta Biol. Venez., p. 86.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C8E065343F4BFF96F9A9FADFEDC2FEB9" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4BFF91F9A9FADFEB00F8E3" blockId="2.[151,1437,1357,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4BFF91F9A9FADFEF3DFAA4" bold="true" box="[151,272,1357,1383]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. Head not conspicuously distinct from the body. Internasal one. Loreal absent. Dorsal scales smooth, in 15-15-15 rows, lacking apical pits. Anal plate divided. Subcaudals paired. Pupil round. Ventrals
|
||
<quantity id="47029B5A3F4BFF91F9A9FA0CEF31FA7B" box="[151,284,1438,1464]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1783" metricValueMax="4.699" metricValueMin="3.6576" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="in" value="164.5" valueMax="185.0" valueMin="144.0">144-185 in</quantity>
|
||
males (= 164 ± 7.5, n = 81),
|
||
<quantity id="47029B5A3F4BFF91FB8FFA0CED18FA7B" box="[689,821,1438,1464]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2545" metricValueMax="4.6482" metricValueMin="3.8608" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="in" value="167.5" valueMax="183.0" valueMin="152.0">152-183 in</quantity>
|
||
females (= 163.6 ± 6.8, n = 88). Total ventrals (venbtrals plus subcaudals)
|
||
<quantity id="47029B5A3F4BFF91F8E2FA54EC76FA23" box="[476,603,1478,1504]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6007" metricValueMax="6.223" metricValueMin="4.9784" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="in" value="220.5" valueMax="245.0" valueMin="196.0">196-245 in</quantity>
|
||
males (= 221.4 ± 10.7, n = 81),
|
||
<quantity id="47029B5A3F4BFF91FADBFA54EA49FA23" box="[997,1124,1478,1504]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4356" metricValueMax="6.096" metricValueMin="4.7752" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="in" value="214.0" valueMax="240.0" valueMin="188.0">188-240 in</quantity>
|
||
females (= 212.7 ± 10.8, n = 88). Subcaudals
|
||
<quantity id="47029B5A3F4BFF91F8B7FA7CEFC1F9CB" box="[393,492,1518,1544]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3081" metricValueMax="1.8034" metricValueMin="0.8128" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="in" value="51.5" valueMax="71.0" valueMin="32.0">32-71 in</quantity>
|
||
males (= 57.4 ± 7.2, n = 81),
|
||
<quantity id="47029B5A3F4BFF91FA5EFA7CEDE9F9CB" box="[864,964,1518,1544]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3843" metricValueMax="1.9812" metricValueMin="0.7874" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="in" value="54.5" valueMax="78.0" valueMin="31.0">31-78 in</quantity>
|
||
females (= 49 ± 7.3, n = 88). Supralabials 8/8 (n = 168), 9/8 (n = 2), 8/9 (n = 1) or 8/7 (n = 1), with 4-4 (n = 176), 4-5/4-5 (n = 2) or 4/4-5 (n = 2) entering the orbit. Infralabials 8/8 (n = 161), 9/9 (n = 6), 7/7 (n = 3), 8/9 (n=1), or 8/7 (n = 1), with 4/4(n = 161), 4/3 (n = 2), 3/3 (n = 2), or 4/5 (n = 1) contacting the first genials. Preoculars 1/1 (n = 172). Postoculars 2/2 (n = 171) or 1/1 (n = 1). Anterior temporals 1/1 (n = 171) or 2/2 (n = 1). Posterior temporals 1/1 (n = 168), 2/2 (n = 2), 1/2 (n = 1) or 2/1 (n = 1). Body bands
|
||
<quantity id="47029B5A3F4BFF91FBDAF924ED6AF913" box="[740,839,1718,1744]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3462" metricValueMax="1.778" metricValueMin="0.9144" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="in" value="53.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="36.0">36-70 in</quantity>
|
||
males (= 48 ± 7.3, n = 81),
|
||
<quantity id="47029B5A3F4BFF91FD9CF924EB29F913" box="[1186,1284,1718,1744]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4097" metricValueMax="1.905" metricValueMin="0.9144" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="in" value="55.5" valueMax="75.0" valueMin="36.0">36-75 in</quantity>
|
||
females (= 48 ± 7.3, n = 88). Tail bands
|
||
<quantity id="47029B5A3F4BFF91F8D3F94CEC7DF93B" box="[493,592,1758,1784]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.318" metricValueMax="6.096" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="in" value="17.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="10.0">10-24 in</quantity>
|
||
males (= 14.9 ± 3.0, n = 81),
|
||
<quantity id="47029B5A3F4BFF91FAFAF94CEA34F93B" box="[964,1049,1758,1784]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.429" metricValueMax="4.826" metricValueMin="2.032" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="in" value="13.5" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="8.0">8-19 in</quantity>
|
||
females (= 12.2 ± 2.5, n = 88). Data from hemipenial and skull morphology can be found in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4BFF91FA5AF894EDD3F8E3" author="Zaher" box="[868,1022,1798,1824]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" refString="Zaher, H. (1999) Hemipenial morphology of the South American Xenodontine snakes, with a proposal for a monophyletic Xenodontinae and a reappraisal of colubroid hemipenes. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 240, 1 - 62." type="journal article" year="1999">Zaher (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4BFF91FD09F894EB04F8E3" author="Albuquerque" box="[1079,1321,1798,1824]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" refString="Albuquerque, N. R. (2002) Osteologia craniana, morfologia do hemipenis e o posicionamento sistematico do genero Hydrops Wagler, 1830 (Serpentes: Colubridae). Comunicacoes do Museu de Ciencias e Tecnologia da PUCRS, Serie Zoologia, 1, 41 _ 54." type="journal article" year="2002">Albuquerque (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4BFF91F9F3F8BCED67F803" blockId="2.[151,1437,1357,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
The largest male and female we recorded were
|
||
<quantity id="47029B5A3F4BFF91FBCDF8BCED79F88B" box="[755,852,1838,1864]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.52" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="752.0">752 mm</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="47029B5A3F4BFF91FAB2F8BCEDC1F88B" box="[908,1004,1838,1864]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.059999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="806.0">806 mm</quantity>
|
||
total length, respectively. The smallest specimen measured, a female, had a total length of
|
||
<quantity id="47029B5A3F4BFF91FA2DF8C4ED5DF8B3" box="[787,880,1878,1904]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.88" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="188.0">188mm</quantity>
|
||
. The smallest male with rounded deferent ducts was
|
||
<quantity id="47029B5A3F4BFF91F9F2F8ECEF0BF85B" box="[204,294,1918,1944]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="345.0">345mm</quantity>
|
||
in snout-vent length and
|
||
<quantity id="47029B5A3F4BFF91FB6CF8ECECB1F85B" box="[594,668,1918,1944]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="90.0">90mm</quantity>
|
||
tail length (MPEG 13826). The smallest female with well-developed eggs was
|
||
<quantity id="47029B5A3F4BFF91F877F834EF8EF803" box="[329,419,1958,1984]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.91" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="391.0">391mm</quantity>
|
||
in snout-vent length (MPEG 9483).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4BFF90F9F9F85CEA5DFF71" blockId="2.[151,1437,1357,2024]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,152,618]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">We found significant sexual dimorphism in number of subcaudal scales and tail bands in all analyzed groups. Therefore, males and females were analyzed separately for these characters.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4AFF90F9F9FF52EB77FE61" blockId="3.[151,1436,152,618]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
|
||
The number of ventral scales varied significantly among the following groups: the group from north
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4AFF90FC56FF52EE99FEC1" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
was significantly different from samples from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4AFF90FBE3FF7AED3EFEC1" box="[733,787,232,258]" name="Peru" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
(H= 60.2878; P <0.0001) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4AFF90FDBDFF7AEAF3FEC1" box="[1155,1246,232,258]" name="Guyana" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
(H= 49.5422; P <0.0001); the group from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4AFF90F8DAFE82EC37FEE9" box="[484,538,272,298]" name="Peru" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
was significantly different from samples of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4AFF90FD00FE82EA9BFEE9" box="[1086,1206,272,298]" name="Venezuela" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
(H= 69.4481; P <0.0001) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4AFF90F817FEAAEF52FE91" box="[297,383,312,338]" name="Bolivia" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(H= 87.2750; P <0.0001); the sample from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4AFF90FAB6FEAAEDCEFE91" box="[904,995,312,338]" name="Guyana" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
was significantly different from sample of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4AFF90F9DAFEF2EF17FEB9" box="[228,314,352,378]" name="Bolivia" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(H= 76.5294; P <0.0001). The group from north
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4AFF90FAADFEF2EDF6FEB9" box="[915,987,352,378]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
was significantly different from samples of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4AFF90F9D3FE1AEF0EFE61" box="[237,291,392,418]" name="Peru" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
(H= 54.1590; P <0.0001) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4AFF90FBACFE1AECC0FE61" box="[658,749,392,418]" name="Guyana" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
(H= 48.1972; P <0.0001) in number of body-bands.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4AFF90F9F9FE22EEC3FDA9" blockId="3.[151,1436,152,618]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
|
||
The ANOVA revealed significant differences in subcaudals among geographic samples of females (F= 5.3977, P = 0.0004) but not for males (F= 1.3746; P = 0.2428) of the combined groups; females from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4AFF90FC02FE4AEE94FDD9" name="Venezuela" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
were significantly different from females of north
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4AFF90FA28FD92ED4DFDD9" box="[790,864,512,538]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4AFF90FA50FD92EDE1FDD9" box="[878,972,512,538]" name="Guyana" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4AFF90FAE7FD92EA6DFDD9" box="[985,1088,512,538]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4AFF90FD41FD92EA94FDD9" box="[1151,1209,512,538]" name="Peru" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Tail-bands did not reveal differences for females (F= 2.2147, P = 0.0600) and males (F= 2.7031, P = 0.0267) of the combined groups.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="D48566373F4AFF90F9A9FA6BEA53F9F0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180500/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" targetBox="[173,1423,677,1510]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4AFF90F9A9FA6BEA53F9F0" blockId="3.[151,1436,1529,1587]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4AFF90F9A9FA6BEF34F9D2" bold="true" box="[151,281,1529,1553]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4AFF90F81EFA68EC2FF9D2" box="[288,514,1530,1553]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4AFF90F81EFA68EC2FF9D2" box="[288,514,1530,1553]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Hydrops triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(IBSP 65594). Lajeado, Tocantins, Brazil. Courtesy of Otávio A. V. Marques. Arrows indicate irregular projections on anterior and posterior edges of dorsal portion of black bands.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4AFF97F9F9F9F5EA68FEBF" blockId="3.[151,1437,1639,2025]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,152,380]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4AFF90F9F9F9F5EF63F942" bold="true" box="[199,334,1639,1665]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||
. Most specimens examined were faded, so that the original color pattern was weak or absent.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4AFF90F9A9F91DEF07F96A" author="Roze" box="[151,298,1679,1705]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" refString="Roze, J. A. (1957) Resumen de una revision del genero Hydrops (Wagler, 1830) (Serpentes: Colubridae). Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 8, 1 - 95." type="journal article" year="1957">Roze (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4AFF90F85BF91DEC52F96A" author="Dixon" box="[357,639,1679,1705]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" refString="Dixon, J. R. & Soini, P. (1977) The reptiles of the Upper Amazon Basin, Iquitos Region, Peru. II. Crocodilians, turtles, and snakes. Milwaukee Public Museum, Contributions in Biology and Geology, 12, 1 - 91." type="journal article" year="1977">Dixon and Soini (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described briefly the color pattern of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4AFF90FD7DF91DEAD9F96B" box="[1091,1268,1679,1705]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4AFF90FD7DF91DEA75F96B" box="[1091,1112,1679,1704]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4AFF90FD56F91DEAD9F96B" box="[1128,1268,1679,1704]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Color photographs of living specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4AFF90F8C0F925EC82F913" box="[510,687,1719,1745]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4AFF90F8C0F925EC3EF913" box="[510,531,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4AFF90FB1DF925EC82F913" box="[547,687,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appear in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4AFF90FA13F925ED92F912" author="Boos" box="[813,959,1719,1745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refString="Boos, H. E. A. (2001) The snakes of Trinidad and Tobago. Texas: College Station, Texas A & M University Press, 270 pp." type="book" year="2001">Boos (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4AFF90FAC4F925EB6EF912" author="Campbell" box="[1018,1347,1719,1745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refString="Campbell, J. A. & Lamar, W. W. (1989) The venomous reptiles of Latin America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York: Comstock Publishing Associates, 425 pp." type="book" year="1989">Campbell and Lamar (1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4AFF90FC6EF925EBBDF912" author="Campbell" box="[1360,1424,1719,1745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refString="Campbell, J. A. & Lamar, W. W. (2004) Venomous reptiles of the Western Hemisphere. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York: Comstock Publishing Associates, 870 pp." type="book" year="2004">2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The most variable aspect of coloration pattern seems to be related to presence and distribution of dorsal red spots. The red spots cover dorsal scale rows II to V and X to XIV; rows VI to IX are always brown or purplebrown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="18C12A3A3F4AFF90F9CCF8BDEF1BF88A" box="[242,310,1839,1865]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1529,1553]" captionTargetBox="[173,1423,677,1510]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1424,677,1511]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Hydrops triangularis (IBSP 65594). Lajeado, Tocantins, Brazil. Courtesy of Otávio A. V. Marques. Arrows indicate irregular projections on anterior and posterior edges of dorsal portion of black bands." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180500/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
); on the other hand, the red spots may be present only on posterior third of body (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4AFF90FC14F8BDEF65F8B2" author="Campbell" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refString="Campbell, J. A. & Lamar, W. W. (2004) Venomous reptiles of the Western Hemisphere. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York: Comstock Publishing Associates, 870 pp." type="book" year="2004">Campbell & Lamar 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Plate 1136). One specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4AFF90FBEBF8C5ED03F8B2" box="[725,814,1879,1905]" name="Bolivia" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, MNKR 3698 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="18C12A3A3F4AFF90FADAF8C5EA06F8B2" box="[996,1067,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1371,1395]" captionTargetBox="[206,1386,421,1347]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[206,1387,419,1347]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Hydrops triangularis (MNKR 3698). Trinidad, Curichi, Bolivia. Courtesy of Lucindo Gonzales. Arrow indicates faint red spots on dorsal scale row II." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180501/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), lacks red spots on its dorsum, which is rather yellowish, has a more contrasting color pattern than a specimen in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4AFF90FD6DF8EDEF2BF802" author="Campbell" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refString="Campbell, J. A. & Lamar, W. W. (1989) The venomous reptiles of Latin America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York: Comstock Publishing Associates, 425 pp." type="book" year="1989">Campbell and Lamar (1989: Fig. 488)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4AFF90F82EF835ECE0F802" author="Campbell" box="[272,717,1959,1985]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refString="Campbell, J. A. & Lamar, W. W. (1989) The venomous reptiles of Latin America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York: Comstock Publishing Associates, 425 pp." type="book" year="1989">Campbell and Lamar (1989: Fig. 488)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
depicted a specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4AFF90FD36F835EAACF802" box="[1032,1153,1959,1985]" name="Venezuela" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
in which the red ventral coloration extends above the first row of dorsal scales. The head is dark brown, with reddish spots scattered over head (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4DFF97F824FF0AEC3CFF71" author="Dixon" box="[282,529,152,178]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" refString="Dixon, J. R. & Soini, P. (1977) The reptiles of the Upper Amazon Basin, Iquitos Region, Peru. II. Crocodilians, turtles, and snakes. Milwaukee Public Museum, Contributions in Biology and Geology, 12, 1 - 91." type="journal article" year="1977">Dixon & Soini 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), a white spot is present on the nasal scales, and a narrow black band covers the posterior portion of parietal scales and the 8th supralabial. Scales on dorsal surface of head are margined with black. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4DFF97F8FFFF78EC78FEC7" author="Boos" box="[449,597,234,260]" pageId="4" pageNumber="64" refString="Boos, H. E. A. (2001) The snakes of Trinidad and Tobago. Texas: College Station, Texas A & M University Press, 270 pp." type="book" year="2001">Boos (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the belly of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4DFF97FBD3FF79EDB0FEC7" box="[749,925,234,260]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4DFF97FBD3FF79ED2FFEC7" box="[749,770,235,260]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4DFF97FA2FFF79EDB0FEC7" box="[785,925,235,260]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is pinkish. The preserved specimens examined have black bands on the body and tail and white interspaces varying from one to three scales in width.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4DFF97F9A9FEA8EF05FE97" author="Boos" box="[151,296,314,340]" pageId="4" pageNumber="64" refString="Boos, H. E. A. (2004) The water coral snake Hydrops triangularis neglectus, (Serpentes: Colubridae: Xenodontinae) from Trinidad and Tobago: a review of the literature with a note on an unusual colour form. Living World, Journal of the Trinidad and Tobago Field Naturalists' Club, 36 - 39." type="book chapter" year="2004">Boos (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
published a picture of a melanic specimen collected in Nariva Swamp,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4DFF97FD52FEA8EAF9FE97" box="[1132,1236,314,340]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
. It seems that the young specimens have a more contrasting color pattern than adults (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4DFF97FA8AFEF0EA15FEBF" author="Boos" box="[948,1080,354,380]" pageId="4" pageNumber="64" refString="Boos, H. E. A. (2001) The snakes of Trinidad and Tobago. Texas: College Station, Texas A & M University Press, 270 pp." type="book" year="2001">Boos 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="D48566373F4DFF97F9A9FAC9ECA5FA56" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180501/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" targetBox="[206,1386,421,1347]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4DFF97F9A9FAC9ECA5FA56" blockId="4.[151,1435,1371,1429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4DFF97F9A9FAC9EF31FAB0" bold="true" box="[151,284,1371,1395]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4DFF97F819FAC9EC26FAB1" box="[295,523,1371,1394]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4DFF97F819FAC9EC26FAB1" box="[295,523,1371,1394]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Hydrops triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MNKR 3698). Trinidad, Curichi, Bolivia. Courtesy of Lucindo Gonzales. Arrow indicates faint red spots on dorsal scale row II.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4DFF97F9F9FA51EA69F8E3" blockId="4.[151,1436,1475,2024]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4DFF97F9F9FA51EFBAFA1E" author="Boulenger" box="[199,407,1475,1501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="64" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1894) Catalog of the snakes in the British Museum. vol. 2, Taylor and Francis Press, London, xi + 382 pp." type="book" year="1894">Boulenger (1894)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4DFF97FB29FA51ECE5FA1F" box="[535,712,1475,1501]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4DFF97FB29FA51EC01FA1F" box="[535,556,1475,1500]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4DFF97FB02FA51ECE5FA1F" box="[572,712,1475,1500]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as having “black annuli, which may be interrupted and alternate on the middle dorsal and ventral lines”. We are aware that Boulenger’s description was based on
|
||
<specimenCount id="96FCFD363F4DFF97FC05FA79EEF0F9EE" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" type="generic">11 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
collected in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4DFF97F8B7F981EFC9F9EE" box="[393,484,1555,1581]" name="Guyana" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4DFF97FB15F981ECA3F9EE" box="[555,654,1555,1581]" name="Suriname" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Surinam</collectingCountry>
|
||
(including the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5F41881D3F4DFF97FA69F981ED90F9EE" box="[855,957,1555,1581]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4DFF97FACDF981EAE6F9EF" box="[1011,1227,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Higina fasciata =</emphasis>
|
||
Roze’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4DFF97FC06F981EFBEF99B" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="triangularis" subSpecies="fasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4DFF97FC06F981EFBEF99B" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Hydrops triangularis fasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), besides of two other specimens whose localities were not mentioned. His description, however, corresponds exactly to what we have observed for specimens collected outside of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4DFF97FDF3F9F4EB05F943" box="[1229,1320,1638,1664]" name="Guyana" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4DFF97FC5FF9F4EEE3F96B" name="Suriname" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Surinam</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4DFF97F9E6F91CEF44F96B" author="Roze" box="[216,361,1678,1704]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" refString="Roze, J. A. (1957) Resumen de una revision del genero Hydrops (Wagler, 1830) (Serpentes: Colubridae). Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 8, 1 - 95." type="journal article" year="1957">Roze (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
utilized the width of dorsal bands and their conformation to distinguish the subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4DFF97FC41F91DEF0EF913" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4DFF97FC41F91DEF0EF913" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">H. triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4DFF97F8EDF924EC49F913" author="Roze" box="[467,612,1718,1744]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" refString="Roze, J. A. (1957) Resumen de una revision del genero Hydrops (Wagler, 1830) (Serpentes: Colubridae). Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 8, 1 - 95." type="journal article" year="1957">Roze (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4DFF97FA10F924ED8BF913" box="[814,934,1718,1744]" name="Venezuela" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
have black bands with projections on posterior edge dorsally. We have noted this condition in other specimens outside of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4DFF97FD00F94CEA9BF93B" box="[1086,1206,1758,1784]" name="Venezuela" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
such as a specimen collected in Tocantins, north
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4DFF97F8D5F894EC1EF8E3" box="[491,563,1798,1824]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="18C12A3A3F4DFF97FB7DF894ECAAF8E3" box="[579,647,1798,1824]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1529,1553]" captionTargetBox="[173,1423,677,1510]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1424,677,1511]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Hydrops triangularis (IBSP 65594). Lajeado, Tocantins, Brazil. Courtesy of Otávio A. V. Marques. Arrows indicate irregular projections on anterior and posterior edges of dorsal portion of black bands." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180500/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). The first black band is the broadest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4DFF97F9F9F8BCEB21F82B" blockId="4.[151,1436,1475,2024]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
|
||
A female collected in Saint-Eugène, French
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4DFF97FBEEF8BCED06F88B" box="[720,811,1838,1864]" name="Guyana" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
(MNHN 1996.4566) has the dorsal pattern similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4DFF97F9D7F8C5EF59F8B3" box="[233,372,1878,1904]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caesurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4DFF97F9D7F8C5EED3F8B3" box="[233,254,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4DFF97F832F8C5EF59F8B3" box="[268,372,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">caesurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It has the dorsal pattern of two longitudinal series of dorsal spots that do not reach the vertebral line and two dorsolateral series of spots intercalated between the dorsal series that are an extension of the ventral bands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="18C12A3A3F4DFF97F84DF834EF97F803" box="[371,442,1958,1984]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[206,1379,418,1571]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[206,1381,417,1574]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Hydrops caesurus (MNHN 1996.4566). Saint-Eugène. French Guyana. Courtesy of Ivan Ineich and Sébastien Soubzmaigne. Note the series of dorsal spots that do not reach the vertebral line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180502/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). The occurrence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4DFF97FB8DF835ED6DF803" box="[691,832,1958,1984]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caesurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4DFF97FB8DF835ECE5F803" box="[691,712,1959,1984]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4DFF97FBE6F835ED6DF803" box="[728,832,1959,1984]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">caesurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in French
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4DFF97FAFCF834EA30F803" box="[962,1053,1958,1984]" name="Guyana" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
is completely outside the previously known range of this species although we have no doubts about the accuracy of this locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4CFF96F9F9FF05EDC2FEB9" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,378]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4CFF96F9F9FF05EF05FF72" bold="true" box="[199,296,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Ecology</emphasis>
|
||
. These snakes are relatively common in streams found in open forests and savannas (Rivero-
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4CFF96F9A9FF52EF8AFF19" author="Blanco" box="[151,423,192,218]" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" refString="Rivero-Blanco, C. & Dixon, J. (1978) Origin and distribution of the Herpetofauna of the dry lowland regions of Northern South America. In: Duellman, W. E. (Ed.). The South American Herpetofauna: Its Origin, Evolution and Dispersal. Museum of Natural History, Kansas, 7, 291 - 298." type="journal article" year="1978">Blanco & Dixon 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4CFF96F888FF52ECADFF19" author="Hoogmoed" box="[438,640,192,218]" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" refString="Hoogmoed, H. (1982) Snakes of the Guianan Region. Memorias do Instituto Butantan, 46, 219 - 254." type="journal article" year="1982">Hoogmoed 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4CFF96FBAEFF52ED19FF19" author="Murphy" box="[656,820,192,218]" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" refString="Murphy, J. C. (1997) Amphibians and Reptiles of Trinidad and Tobago. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, 245 pp." type="book" year="1997">Murphy 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and they are found in shady, lentic environments. Their activity periods include evening and night, when their prey items are more likely to be encountered (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4CFF96F9A0FE82EC3DFEE9" author="Albuquerque" box="[158,528,272,298]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" refString="Albuquerque, N. R. & Camargo, M. (2004) Habitos alimentares e comentarios sobre a predacao e reproducao das especies do genero Hydrops Wagler, 1830 (Serpentes: Colubridae). Comunicacoes do Museu de Ciencias e Tecnologia da PUCRS, Serie-Zoologia, 1, 21 - 32." type="journal article" year="2004">Albuquerque & Camargo 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4CFF96FBFDFE82EA7AFEE9" author="Albuquerque" box="[707,1111,272,298]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" refString="Albuquerque, N. R. & Camargo, M. (2004) Habitos alimentares e comentarios sobre a predacao e reproducao das especies do genero Hydrops Wagler, 1830 (Serpentes: Colubridae). Comunicacoes do Museu de Ciencias e Tecnologia da PUCRS, Serie-Zoologia, 1, 21 - 32." type="journal article" year="2004">Albuquerque and Camargo (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4CFF96FD5DFE82EB77FEEA" box="[1123,1370,272,297]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4CFF96FD5DFE82EB77FEEA" box="[1123,1370,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Hydrops triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a dietary preference for fish, especially Synbranchiformes as well as a high fecundity (8-
|
||
<specimenCount id="96FCFD363F4CFF96FD9AFEAAEAE9FE91" box="[1188,1220,312,338]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="egg">34</specimenCount>
|
||
eggs per female). These snakes were located at
|
||
<quantity id="47029B5A3F4CFF96F8CCFEF2EC18FEB9" box="[498,565,352,378]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" unit="m" value="450.0">450m</quantity>
|
||
elevation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4CFF96FB88FEF2EDCFFEB9" author="Campbell" box="[694,994,352,378]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" refString="Campbell, J. A. & Lamar, W. W. (1989) The venomous reptiles of Latin America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York: Comstock Publishing Associates, 425 pp." type="book" year="1989">Campbell & Lamar 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="D48566373F4CFF96F9A9F9B9EA0DF9A6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180502/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" targetBox="[206,1379,418,1571]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4CFF96F9A9F9B9EA0DF9A6" blockId="5.[151,1436,1579,1637]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4CFF96F9A9F9B9EF34F980" bold="true" box="[151,281,1579,1603]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4CFF96F81FF9BEEFCFF980" box="[289,482,1580,1603]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caesurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4CFF96F81FF9BEEFCFF980" box="[289,482,1580,1603]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Hydrops caesurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MNHN 1996.4566). Saint-Eugène. French Guyana. Courtesy of Ivan Ineich and Sébastien Soubzmaigne. Note the series of dorsal spots that do not reach the vertebral line.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C8E065343F4CFF95F9F9F90BEA95FE09" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4CFF96F9F9F90BEB5BF8E8" blockId="5.[151,1437,1689,2035]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4CFF96F9F9F90BEF14F970" bold="true" box="[199,313,1689,1715]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. Although the samples did differ in numbers of ventrals and body-band counts, the differences were small (
|
||
<figureCitation id="18C12A3A3F4CFF96F817F953EFBDF918" box="[297,400,1729,1755]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="7.[151,255,1011,1035]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,255,1963,1987]" captionTargetBox-0="[172,1430,199,969]" captionTargetBox-1="[171,1432,1117,1919]" captionTargetId-0="figure@7.[151,1436,172,987]" captionTargetId-1="figure@7.[151,1436,1091,1939]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Canonical analysis of the female geographic groups of H. triangularis based on the number of ventral scales, subcaudal scales, body bands, and tail bands." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Canonical analysis of the male geographic groups of H. triangularis based on the number of ventral scales, subcaudal scales, body bands, and tail bands." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/180503/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/180504/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Fig. 4–5</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="CD7803043F4CFF96F8A3F953EFD9F918" box="[413,500,1729,1755]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,239,511,535]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,602,1223]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Mean, standard deviation, and range for all groups of H. triangularis examined in this study. Male: m; Female: f." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D48566373F4FFF95F9A9FE6DEF2EFDFA" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" tableUuid="D48566373F4FFF95F9A9FE6DEF2EFDFA">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The ranges of North
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4CFF96FA39F953ED62F918" box="[775,847,1729,1755]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
group encompass most observed in other groups. Specimens from North
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4CFF96F891F97BEFDAF8C0" box="[431,503,1769,1795]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
apparently have fewer ventrals than snakes from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4CFF96FD70F97BEAAAF8C0" box="[1102,1159,1769,1795]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and fewer body bands than specimens from western South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4CFF96FB7EF883EC88F8E8" box="[576,677,1809,1835]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4CFF96FB8AF883ED1CF8E8" box="[692,817,1809,1835]" name="Venezuela" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4CFF96FA03F883ED8DF8E8" box="[829,928,1809,1835]" name="Ecuador" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4CFF96FA92F883EA0EF8E8" box="[940,1059,1809,1835]" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4CFF96FD11F883EA48F8E8" box="[1071,1125,1809,1835]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4CFF96FDA3F883EAD8F8E8" box="[1181,1269,1809,1835]" name="Bolivia" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
) (
|
||
<tableCitation id="CD7803043F4CFF96FC32F883EB49F8E8" box="[1292,1380,1809,1835]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,239,511,535]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,602,1223]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Mean, standard deviation, and range for all groups of H. triangularis examined in this study. Male: m; Female: f." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D48566373F4FFF95F9A9FE6DEF2EFDFA" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" tableUuid="D48566373F4FFF95F9A9FE6DEF2EFDFA">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4CFF95F9F9F8ABEA95FE09" blockId="5.[151,1437,1689,2035]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,152,458]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
|
||
Considerable differences exist among the ecological conditions within the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4CFF96FDD5F8ABEBB1F891" box="[1259,1436,1849,1874]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4CFF96FDD5F8ABEBB1F891" box="[1259,1436,1849,1874]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">H. triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4CFF96F9E8F8F3EF71F8B8" author="Roze" box="[214,348,1889,1915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" refString="Roze, J. A. (1966) La taxonomia y zoogeografia de los ofidios en Venezuela. Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, 362 pp." type="book" year="1966">Roze 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4CFF96F852F8F3EC96F8B8" author="Cunha" box="[364,699,1889,1915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" refString="Cunha, O. R. & Nascimento, F. P. (1978) Ofidios da Amazonia X - As cobras da regiao Leste do Para. Publicacoes Avulsas do Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, 31, 1 - 218." type="journal article" year="1978">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4CFF96F852F8F3EF94F8B8" box="[364,441,1889,1915]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Cunha</collectingCountry>
|
||
& Nascimento 1978
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4CFF96FBF5F8F3EDBBF8B8" author="Hoogmoed" box="[715,918,1889,1915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" refString="Hoogmoed, H. (1979) The herpetofauna of the Guianan Region. In: Duellman, W. E. (Ed.). The South American Herpetofauna: Its origin, evolution, and dispersal. Museum National of History, Kansas, 7, 241 - 279." type="journal article" year="1979">Hoogmoed 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4CFF96FA99F8F3EDC8F8B8" author="Hoogmoed" box="[935,997,1889,1915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" refString="Hoogmoed, H. (1982) Snakes of the Guianan Region. Memorias do Instituto Butantan, 46, 219 - 254." type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4CFF96FACBF8F3EAB5F8B8" author="Lancini" box="[1013,1176,1889,1915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" refString="Lancini V., A. (1982) Serpientes de Venezuela. Distribucion geografica y altitudinal de generos de serpientes en Venezuela. Memorias do Instituto Butantan, 46, 95 - 103." type="journal article" year="1982">Lancini 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4CFF96FD96F8F3EB7DF8B8" author="Murphy" box="[1192,1360,1889,1915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" refString="Murphy, J. C. (1997) Amphibians and Reptiles of Trinidad and Tobago. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, 245 pp." type="book" year="1997">Murphy 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4CFF96FC5EF8F3EEFBF860" author="Boos" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" refString="Boos, H. E. A. (2001) The snakes of Trinidad and Tobago. Texas: College Station, Texas A & M University Press, 270 pp." type="book" year="2001">Boos 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4CFF96F8B2F81BEC0CF860" author="Roze" box="[396,545,1929,1955]" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" refString="Roze, J. A. (1966) La taxonomia y zoogeografia de los ofidios en Venezuela. Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, 362 pp." type="book" year="1966">Roze (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4CFF96FB13F81BED24F861" box="[557,777,1929,1954]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="triangularis" subSpecies="venezuelensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4CFF96FB13F81BED24F861" box="[557,777,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">H. t. venezuelensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distributed in the Gransabánica and Horinocense formations, southern sub-region, which includes all of southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4CFF96FA57F823EDCBF808" box="[873,998,1969,1995]" name="Venezuela" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
. For
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4CFF96FD1CF823EA95F808" author="Roze" box="[1058,1208,1969,1995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" refString="Roze, J. A. (1966) La taxonomia y zoogeografia de los ofidios en Venezuela. Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, 362 pp." type="book" year="1966">Roze (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the snake fauna of this sub-region is most closely related to the snakes of Brazilian Amazon and Western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4CFF96FD90F84BEB20F830" box="[1198,1293,2009,2035]" name="Guyana" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4CFF95FC24F84BEEC9FF71" author="Hoogmoed" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" refString="Hoogmoed, H. (1979) The herpetofauna of the Guianan Region. In: Duellman, W. E. (Ed.). The South American Herpetofauna: Its origin, evolution, and dispersal. Museum National of History, Kansas, 7, 241 - 279." type="journal article" year="1979">Hoogmoed (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that there is a distinct barrier within
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4FFF95FBD5FF0AED6BFF71" box="[747,838,152,178]" name="Guyana" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
formed by the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4FFF95FAC1FF0AEA5AFF71" box="[1023,1143,152,178]" name="Guyana" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Essequibo</collectingCountry>
|
||
Rio Branco Depression, however, he also noted this barrier serve as dispersal route for aquatic species. Based on the statements of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4FFF95F9A9FF7AEF04FEC1" author="Roze" box="[151,297,232,258]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" refString="Roze, J. A. (1966) La taxonomia y zoogeografia de los ofidios en Venezuela. Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, 362 pp." type="book" year="1966">Roze (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4FFF95F85BFF7AEC6CFEC1" author="Hoogmoed" box="[357,577,232,258]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" refString="Hoogmoed, H. (1979) The herpetofauna of the Guianan Region. In: Duellman, W. E. (Ed.). The South American Herpetofauna: Its origin, evolution, and dispersal. Museum National of History, Kansas, 7, 241 - 279." type="journal article" year="1979">Hoogmoed (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, we infer that the absence of an ecological barrier among populations of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4FFF95F9A9FE82EF3EFEE9" box="[151,275,272,298]" name="Venezuela" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4FFF95F81EFE82EFAAFEE9" box="[288,391,272,298]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4FFF95F8ABFE82EFDDFEE9" box="[405,496,272,298]" name="Guyana" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
and North
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4FFF95FB42FE82ECEAFEE9" box="[636,711,272,298]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, appear to permit a free gene flow across those populations.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4FFF95F9A9FEAAEF04FE91" author="Boos" box="[151,297,312,338]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" refString="Boos, H. E. A. (1984) A consideration of the terrestrial reptile fauna of the offshore islands northwest of Trinidad. Living World, Journal of the Trinidad and Tobago Field Naturalists' Club: 1983 - 1984, 19 - 26." type="book chapter" year="1984">Boos (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested a possible transmigration of reptile specimens from Paria Peninsula, western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4FFF95FC02FEAAEE94FEB9" name="Venezuela" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4FFF95F9DEFEF2EF65FEB9" box="[224,328,352,378]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4FFF95F86AFEF2EF58FEB9" box="[340,373,352,378]" name="American Samoa" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
most of the reptiles of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4FFF95FBB7FEF2ECC0FEB9" box="[649,749,352,378]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
have a South American origin (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4FFF95FD57FEF2EAC1FEB9" author="Boos" box="[1129,1260,352,378]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" refString="Boos, H. E. A. (1984) A consideration of the terrestrial reptile fauna of the offshore islands northwest of Trinidad. Living World, Journal of the Trinidad and Tobago Field Naturalists' Club: 1983 - 1984, 19 - 26." type="book chapter" year="1984">Boos 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4FFF95FDC7FEF2EB1AFEB9" author="Boos" box="[1273,1335,352,378]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" refString="Boos, H. E. A. (2001) The snakes of Trinidad and Tobago. Texas: College Station, Texas A & M University Press, 270 pp." type="book" year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4FFF95FC7AFEF2EEFBFE61" author="Hedges" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" refString="Hedges, S. B. (1996) The origin of West Indian amphibians and reptiles. In: Powell, R. & Henderson, R. W. (Eds.). Contributions to West Indian Herpetology: A tribute to Albert Schwartz. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, NY, 95 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1996">Hedges 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), possibly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4FFF95F86AFE1AEC28FE62" box="[340,517,392,417]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4FFF95F86AFE1AEC28FE62" box="[340,517,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">H. triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
dispersed from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4FFF95FBFAFE1AED11FE61" box="[708,828,392,418]" name="Venezuela" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4FFF95FA5AFE1AEDE5FE61" box="[868,968,392,418]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
through the Orinoco river Delta, which is situated along coastal
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4FFF95F88BFE22EC1DFE09" box="[437,560,432,458]" name="Venezuela" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
, south of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4FFF95FB9DFE22ED2AFE09" box="[675,775,432,458]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
and north of the Guayana highlands.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="D48566373F4FFF95F9A9FE6DEF2EFDFA" ID-Table-UUID="D48566373F4FFF95F9A9FE6DEF2EFDFA" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D48566373F4FFF95F9A9FE6DEF2EFDFA" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" targetBox="[159,1426,602,1223]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4FFF95F9A9FE6DEF2EFDFA" blockId="6.[151,1436,511,569]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4FFF95F9A9FE6DEF21FDD4" bold="true" box="[151,268,511,535]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Mean, standard deviation, and range for all groups of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4FFF95FA45FD92EA32FDD4" box="[891,1055,512,535]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4FFF95FA45FD92EA32FDD4" box="[891,1055,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">H. triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
examined in this study. Male: m; Female: f.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4FFF95F815FDC8EB24FB04" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<table id="F2FAC41F3F4F006CF9A1FDC8EBBFFB04" box="[159,1426,602,1223]" gridcols="6" gridrows="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<tr id="3ECA34FD3F4F006CF9A1FDC8EBBFFD04" box="[159,1426,602,711]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="7D1B5D813F4F006CF815FDC8EF90FD04" box="[299,445,602,711]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">North Brazil (n=78)</th>
|
||
<th id="7D1B5D813F4F006CF8E4FDC8ED1AFD04" box="[474,823,602,711]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Trinidad and Brit- Venezuela, Ecu., ish Guyana1 Colombia (n=12) (n=13)</th>
|
||
<th id="7D1B5D813F4F006CFA6AFDC8EDCBFD04" box="[852,998,602,711]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Bolivia (n=12)</th>
|
||
<th id="7D1B5D813F4F006CFD2FFDC8EA8EFD04" box="[1041,1187,602,711]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Peru (n=20)</th>
|
||
<th id="7D1B5D813F4F006CFDF0FDC8EBBFFD04" box="[1230,1426,602,711]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">E of British Guyana, Suriname, and Fr Guyana (n=34)</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3ECA34FD3F4F006CF9A1FD48EBBFFC84" box="[159,1426,730,839]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<th id="7D1B5D813F4F006CF9A1FD48EF3EFC84" box="[159,275,730,839]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Ventrals</th>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CF815FD48EF90FC84" box="[299,445,730,839]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 162.1 ± 6.30 152–181 f 162 ± 6.16 152–183</td>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CF8E4FD48ED1AFC84" box="[474,823,730,839]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 161.3 ± 2.51 m 160.6 ± 5.96 159–164 156–171 f 161.2 ± 5.47 f 160.4 ± 5.57 153–169 153–167</td>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CFA6AFD48EDCBFC84" box="[852,998,730,839]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 156.7 ± 12.5 156–171 f 156.5 ± 3.00 144–175</td>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CFD2FFD48EA8EFC84" box="[1041,1187,730,839]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 169.3 ± 6.37 162–185 f 175 ± 7.69 167–193</td>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CFDF0FD48EBBFFC84" box="[1230,1426,730,839]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 167.3 ± 5.42 157–177 f 170.1 ± 2.43 165–175</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3ECA34FD3F4F006CF9A1FCC8EBBFFC04" box="[159,1426,858,967]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<th id="7D1B5D813F4F006CF9A1FCC8EF3EFC04" box="[159,275,858,967]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Subcaudals</th>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CF815FCC8EF90FC04" box="[299,445,858,967]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 56.1 ± 6.96 38–67 f 49 ± 6.88 39–78</td>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CF8E4FCC8ED1AFC04" box="[474,823,858,967]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 54.3 ± 6.80 m 57 ± 6.03 49–62 42–71 f 51.6 ± 3.77 f 38.8 ± 9.95 48–59 31–47</td>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CFA6AFCC8EDCBFC04" box="[852,998,858,967]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 57.1 ± 5.11 42–71 f 41.5 ± 9.99 32–51</td>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CFD2FFCC8EA8EFC04" box="[1041,1187,858,967]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 61.3 ± 6.57 48–70 f 53.1 ± 5.08 44–58</td>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CFDF0FCC8EBBFFC04" box="[1230,1426,858,967]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 58.6 ± 4.91 46–66 f 50.8 ± 6.64 42–67</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3ECA34FD3F4F006CF9A1FC48EBBFFB84" box="[159,1426,986,1095]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<th id="7D1B5D813F4F006CF9A1FC48EF3EFB84" box="[159,275,986,1095]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Body-bands</th>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CF815FC48EF90FB84" box="[299,445,986,1095]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 44.5 ± 4.88 36–60 f 44 ± 4.60 36–62</td>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CF8E4FC48ED1AFB84" box="[474,823,986,1095]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 52 ± 5.0 m 46.5 ± 12.1 47–57 39–56 f 50 ± 5.52 f 56.8 ± 7.06 43–59 43–75</td>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CFA6AFC48EDCBFB84" box="[852,998,986,1095]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 50 ± 11.7 47–62 f 44.2 ± 5.00 41–75</td>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CFD2FFC48EA8EFB84" box="[1041,1187,986,1095]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 52.7 ± 8.18 40–70 f 50 ± 5.00 46–62</td>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CFDF0FC48EBBFFB84" box="[1230,1426,986,1095]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 49.5 ± 6.29 38–60 f 50 ± 4.87 44–58</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3ECA34FD3F4F006CF9A1FBC8EBBFFB04" box="[159,1426,1114,1223]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<th id="7D1B5D813F4F006CF9A1FBC8EF3EFB04" box="[159,275,1114,1223]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Tail-bands</th>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CF815FBC8EF90FB04" box="[299,445,1114,1223]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 13.9 ± 2.69 10–19 f 11.5 ± 2.25 8–18</td>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CF8E4FBC8ED1AFB04" box="[474,823,1114,1223]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 13.3 ± 2.30 m 14.6 ± 3.53 12–16 10–20 f 12.5 ± 1.51 f 13.1 ± 4.08 11–15 8–19</td>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CFA6AFBC8EDCBFB04" box="[852,998,1114,1223]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 16.4 ± 3.95 10–20 f 11 ± 2.60 12–24</td>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CFD2FFBC8EA8EFB04" box="[1041,1187,1114,1223]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 16.3 ± 2.98 11–20 f 12.6 ± 2.60 10–15</td>
|
||
<td id="7D1B5D813F4F006CFDF0FBC8EBBFFB04" box="[1230,1426,1114,1223]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">m 15.4 ± 2.21 11–20 f 13.5 ± 2.24 11–18</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C8E065343F4FFF95F9A9FB61EAC7F9DC" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4FFF95F9A9FB61EDACFAC4" blockId="6.[151,897,1264,1287]" box="[151,897,1264,1287]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<keyLead id="3B0B958A3F4FFF95F9A9FB61EDACFAC4" box="[151,897,1264,1287]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<keyStep id="3B0E2E1A3F4FFF95F9A9FB61EDACFAC4" box="[151,897,1264,1287]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<key id="F46B618E3F4FFF95F9A9FB61EDACFAC4" box="[151,897,1264,1287]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
|
||
1western of British
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F8ED762F3F4FFF95F85CFB62EF95FAC4" box="[354,440,1264,1287]" name="Guyana" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
; includes the type-series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4FFF95FBDEFB62ED57FAC4" box="[736,890,1264,1287]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="triangularis" subSpecies="neglectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4FFF95FBDEFB62ED57FAC4" box="[736,890,1264,1287]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">H. t. neglectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</key>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4FFF95F9F9FAAFEAC7F9DC" blockId="6.[151,1436,1341,1887]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
|
||
The analysis of the characters employed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4FFF95FBF6FAAFED77FA94" author="Roze" box="[712,858,1341,1367]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" refString="Roze, J. A. (1957) Resumen de una revision del genero Hydrops (Wagler, 1830) (Serpentes: Colubridae). Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 8, 1 - 95." type="journal article" year="1957">Roze (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for the diagnosis of the subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4FFF95FC26FAAFEEE0FABD" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4FFF95FC26FAAFEEE0FABD" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">H. triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
revealed overlapping values in the number of ventral and subcaudal scales and the number of bands on the body and tail. One of the main characters proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4FFF95FA72FA1FEDF2FA64" author="Roze" box="[844,991,1421,1447]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" refString="Roze, J. A. (1957) Resumen de una revision del genero Hydrops (Wagler, 1830) (Serpentes: Colubridae). Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 8, 1 - 95." type="journal article" year="1957">Roze (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to recognize the subspecies, width of the bands and their conformation on the dorsum was not found to be of taxonomic value in the present study. The differences observed among the black bands of the subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4FFF95FADCFA4FEAB9FA35" box="[994,1172,1501,1526]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4FFF95FADCFA4FEAB9FA35" box="[994,1172,1501,1526]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">H. triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as presented by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4FFF95FC5EFA4FEEC8F9DC" author="Roze" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" refString="Roze, J. A. (1957) Resumen de una revision del genero Hydrops (Wagler, 1830) (Serpentes: Colubridae). Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 8, 1 - 95." type="journal article" year="1957">Roze (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are here regarded as falling within the variation of a widely distributed species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="18C12A3A3F4FFF95FDADF997EAF6F9DC" box="[1171,1243,1541,1567]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[218,1400,637,1595]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,603,1636]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Geographic distribution of H. triangularis. 1. North Brazil; 2. Eastern of Guyana, Surinam and French Guyana; 3. Trinidad and western of Guyana; 4. Venezuela, Ecuador and Colombia; 5. Bolivia; 6. Peru. Closed circles: material studied; open cicles: data from Roze (1957); Zaher and Caramaschi (1996); Fuenmayor and Fuentes (2000); Albuquerque (2001); and Markezich (2001). Yuki (1997) recorded H. triangularis for Ribeiro Gonçalves, Piauí state, Brazil; this locality actually is situated in Maranhão state (see Vanzolini & Papavero 1968; Painter & Traylor 1991). We reidentified the specimen recorded as H. triangularis for Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul by Albuquerque (2001) as H. caesurus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180505/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C8E065343F4FFF95F9F9F9BFEEFEF89C" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4FFF95F9F9F9BFED6CF97C" blockId="6.[151,1436,1341,1887]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E46B4B4E3F4FFF95F854F9BFECB3F984" author="Mayr" box="[362,670,1581,1607]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" refString="Mayr, E. & Ashlock, P. D. (1991) Principles of Systematic Zoology. 2 ª ed, Mcgraw-Hill Press, New York." type="book chapter" year="1991">Mayr and Ashlock (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, most subspecies are geographic isolates and the borders of their ranges are easily established. However, the borders of the subspecies under study were not established because of the total absence of intergrades among the samples. The examined groups revealed only a few quantitative differences among the characters under study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="804536BF3F4FFF95F9A9F95FEEFEF89C" blockId="6.[151,1436,1341,1887]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
|
||
We conclude that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4FFF95F84CF95FEC08F925" box="[370,549,1741,1766]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4FFF95F84CF95FEC08F925" box="[370,549,1741,1766]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">H. triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should not be divided into subspecies. The subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4FFF95FDD7F95FEBB1F925" box="[1257,1436,1741,1766]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4FFF95FDD7F95FEBB1F925" box="[1257,1436,1741,1766]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">H. triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were poorly distinguished based on the number of ventral and subcaudal scales as well as the number of bands on the body and tail. We suggest that these characters were not useful to define the subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47FA4D3C3F4FFF95FC29F88FEEE0F89D" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4FFF95FC29F88FEB01F8F5" box="[1303,1324,1821,1846]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B28EEAAD3F4FFF95FC02F88FEEE0F89D" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |