558 lines
43 KiB
XML
558 lines
43 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1145-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653" ID-ZooBank="830628C276CD4641BFC6144CD775ED6B" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1145-1" checkinTime="1675506069289" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hedin, Marshal & Milne, Marc A." docDate="2023" docId="94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1145: 1-130" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1145" docPubDate="2023-02-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724" docTitle="Nesticus carolinensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653" masterDocTitle="New species in old mountains: integrative taxonomy reveals ten new species and extensive short-range endemism in Nesticus spiders (Araneae, Nesticidae) from the southern Appalachian Mountains" masterLastPageNumber="130" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1675506069289" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New species in old mountains: integrative taxonomy reveals ten new species and extensive short-range endemism in Nesticus spiders (Araneae, Nesticidae) from the southern Appalachian Mountains</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hedin, Marshal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182 - 4614, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">mhedin@sdsu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Milne, Marc A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1943-0161</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46227, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-02-03</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1145</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>130</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1145-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">830628C276CD4641BFC6144CD775ED6B</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="478WW" ID-ENA="44407" LSID="94CF9E4E-C8AC-51B6-82A1-E063826C8F24" authority="(Bishop, 1950)" baseAuthorityName="Bishop" baseAuthorityYear="1950" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus carolinensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolinensis">Nesticus carolinensis (Bishop, 1950)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Nesticus carolinensis ♂ palps. North Carolina, Avery Co., Elk River Cave, MCH 01 _ 155, dorsal (A), ventral (B). North Carolina, McDowell Co., Linville Caverns, MCH specimen # 1225, dorsal (C), ventral (D). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804475" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 24A-D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Nesticus carolinensis epigynal variation. North Carolina, McDowell Co., Linville Caverns, MCH specimen # 1227, ventral (A), dorsal (B). North Carolina, Avery Co., Elk River Cave, MCH 01 _ 155, ventral (C), dorsal (D). North Carolina, Burke Co., Table Rock Mtn. (AMNH specimen), ventral (E), dorsal (F). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804476" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 25A-F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Nesticus carolinensis habitus images, both adult females. North Carolina, Avery Co., Edgemont Road, MCH 01 _ 163. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804477" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 26</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Ivesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ivesia carolinensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carolinensis">Ivesia carolinensis</taxonomicName>
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Bishop, 1950: 9, pl. 2, figs 1-4.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bishop" baseAuthorityYear="1950" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus carolinensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolinensis">Nesticus carolinensis</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 91" publicationUrl="http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" refId="B12" refString="Gertsch, WJ, 1984. The spider family Nesticidae (Araneae) in North America, Central America, and the West Indies. Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin 31: 1 - 91, http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" title="The spider family Nesticidae (Araneae) in North America, Central America, and the West Indies." url="http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" volume="31" year="1984">Gertsch 1984</bibRefCitation>
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: 25, figs 68-70, 88-90; Holler et al. 2020: 230.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus mimus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimus">Nesticus mimus</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 91" publicationUrl="http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" refId="B12" refString="Gertsch, WJ, 1984. The spider family Nesticidae (Araneae) in North America, Central America, and the West Indies. Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin 31: 1 - 91, http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" title="The spider family Nesticidae (Araneae) in North America, Central America, and the West Indies." url="http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" volume="31" year="1984">Gertsch 1984</bibRefCitation>
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: 26, figs 85-87 (in part); Holler et al. 2020: 230.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Type material:
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1923-10-12" collectingDateMax="2005-08-24" collectingDateMin="1923-10-12" collectorName="S. C. Bishop, M. Hedin, R. Keith, J. Starrett, S. Thomas, Edgemont Road, M. Lowder, Roseboro Road, Grandfather Mtn., Table Rock Mtn, Pine Gap Trail, W, Linville Gorge, Old NC, F. Coyle, P. Paquin, C. Holler, Creek, N, N Linville Caverns" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" location="Linville Caverns" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" specimenCount="77" specimenCount-female="61" specimenCount-male="16" stateProvince="North Carolina" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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: USA -
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<collectingRegion country="United States of America" name="North Carolina">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
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,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectingCounty>McDowell Co.</collectingCounty>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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;
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:550B92A2C2ECC80A10A89FCD1D7B7D29" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Linville Caverns" stateProvince="North Carolina">Linville Caverns</location>
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, near
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:A6EC74902545CAC4238013AB5B5331B0" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Linville Falls" stateProvince="North Carolina">Linville Falls</location>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1947-04-06">6 Apr. 1947</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>S.C. Bishop</collectorName>
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leg.; AMNH;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:95D78096D433F9E7A8C01AF6BD401B33" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Non" stateProvince="North Carolina">Non</location>
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type material
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</emphasis>
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: -
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:3CD5112E65CD4BC15B7830D89ACC41E7" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Avery Co." stateProvince="North Carolina">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Avery Co</emphasis>
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.
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</location>
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•
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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; upper slopes of
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:731CC68D03E73902976E1396CF1EB036" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Mt. Grandfather" stateProvince="North Carolina">Mt. Grandfather</location>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1923-10-12">12 Oct. 1923</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>S.C. Bishop</collectorName>
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leg.; AMNH; •
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">6♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:C760F0A3EC2A7878F21526283F4FC4E3" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Edgemont Road" stateProvince="North Carolina">Edgemont Road</location>
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at
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:70968E8AEC39883AE74649214935EB83" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Wilson Creek" stateProvince="North Carolina">Wilson Creek</location>
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,
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<locationDeviation location="Hwy">
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" unit="mi" value="2.0">2 mi</quantity>
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E Hwy
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</locationDeviation>
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221;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="36.0905" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="36.0905">36.0905°N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate degrees="81.8026" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-81.8026">81.8026°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2005-08-24">24 Aug. 2005</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>R. Keith</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>J. Starrett</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>S. Thomas</collectorName>
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leg.; MCH 05_080; •
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<specimenCount type="female">11♀</specimenCount>
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, 8 imm;
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<collectorName>Edgemont Road</collectorName>
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,
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<locationDeviation location="Hwy">
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" unit="mi" value="1.0">1 mile</quantity>
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below Hwy
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</locationDeviation>
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221;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="36.0859" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="36.0859">36.0859°N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate degrees="81.815" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-81.815">81.815°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2001-08-24">24 Aug. 2001</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
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leg.; MCH 01_163; •
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
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, 3 imm;
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:5D66C07F59D0B7E9D52D7FB849D8BF9E" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Elk River Cave" stateProvince="North Carolina">Elk River Cave</location>
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,
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<locationDeviation location="Elk River Falls">
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" unit="mi" value="1.0">1 mi</quantity>
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S Elk River Falls
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</locationDeviation>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="36.1892" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="36.1892">36.1892°N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate degrees="81.9617" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-81.9617">81.9617°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2001-08-22">22 Aug. 2001</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
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leg.; MCH 01_155; •
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<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
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, 7 imm;
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<collectorName>Roseboro Road</collectorName>
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past first crossing of
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:B1CF52C9374E72EFCCF8D2CE5F091DF9" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Rockhouse Creek" stateProvince="North Carolina">Rockhouse Creek</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="36.0192" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="36.0192">36.0192°N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate degrees="81.7813" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-81.7813">81.7813°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2001-08-24">24 Aug. 2001</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
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leg.; MCH 01_164; •
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<specimenCount type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">9♀</specimenCount>
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; W side of
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<collectorName>Grandfather Mtn.</collectorName>
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,
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<locationDeviation location="Linville on Hwy">
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" unit="mi" value="1.0">1 mi.</quantity>
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NE Linville on Hwy
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</locationDeviation>
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221;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="36.0825" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="36.0825">36.0825°N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate degrees="81.8568" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-81.8568">81.8568°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1992-08-16">16 Aug. 1992</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
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leg.; -
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:B0C0B91C2D24BCEA10366944C3C6CED9" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Burke Co." stateProvince="North Carolina">Burke Co.</location>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectorName>Table Rock Mtn</collectorName>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1949-06-15">15 Jun. 1949</collectingDate>
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, no collector information; AMNH; •
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<specimenCount type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectorName>Pine Gap Trail, W</collectorName>
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side of
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<collectorName>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:45A86B58C1092DA66D08BA10AB624347" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Linville" stateProvince="North Carolina">Linville</location>
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Gorge
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</collectorName>
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,
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<locationDeviation location="Linville Falls">S of Linville Falls</locationDeviation>
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off
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<collectorName>Old NC</collectorName>
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105;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="35.9396" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.9396">35.9396°N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate degrees="81.9219" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-81.9219">81.9219°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1992-08-16">16 Aug. 1992</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
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leg.; •
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
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, 12 imm;
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<collectorName>Pine Gap Trail, W</collectorName>
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|
side of
|
|
<collectorName>
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:203C15C2BC053D5D0D8311C64BA1569D" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Linville" stateProvince="North Carolina">Linville</location>
|
|
Gorge
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<locationDeviation location="Linville Falls">S of Linville Falls</locationDeviation>
|
|
off
|
|
<collectorName>Old NC</collectorName>
|
|
105;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.9396" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.9396">35.9396°N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, -
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="81.9219" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-81.9219">81.9219°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingDate value="2001-08-25">25 Aug. 2001</collectingDate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>F. Coyle</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
|
leg.; MCH 01_165; -
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:9AFE7805009A5D18B8E362A1DA3724E9" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Caldwell Co." stateProvince="North Carolina">Caldwell Co.</location>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
•
|
|
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
|
, 1 imm;
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:73371FA22AA62A62F7767B2D9E64CDEF" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Burnt Field Branch Cave" stateProvince="North Carolina">Burnt Field Branch Cave</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingDate value="1995-05-09">9 May. 1995</collectingDate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectorName>C. Holler</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>C. Holler</collectorName>
|
|
leg.; •
|
|
<specimenCount type="male">4♂</specimenCount>
|
|
,
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
|
, 3 imm;
|
|
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
|
|
<collectorName>Creek</collectorName>
|
|
at FR 4071 crossing,
|
|
<locationDeviation location="Blowing Rock">SW of Blowing Rock</locationDeviation>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="36.1151" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="36.1151">36.1151°N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, -
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="81.6983" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-81.6983">81.6983°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingDate value="2001-08-24">24 Aug. 2001</collectingDate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
|
leg.; MCH 01_161; -
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:AF7863A232D108BC045E4D24DB966BD3" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="McDowell Co." stateProvince="North Carolina">McDowell Co.</location>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
•
|
|
<specimenCount type="male">4♂</specimenCount>
|
|
,
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">10♀</specimenCount>
|
|
;
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:EFD928A3F7968E73FA8DE32846499BB5" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Linville Caverns" stateProvince="North Carolina">Linville Caverns</location>
|
|
,
|
|
<locationDeviation location="Linville Falls">S of Linville Falls</locationDeviation>
|
|
, off
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:C977FD9EFE337DC3349A0158E896B5CF" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Hwy" stateProvince="North Carolina">Hwy</location>
|
|
221N;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.9189" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.9189">35.9189°N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, -
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="81.9393" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-81.9393">81.9393°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingDate value="1992-08-16">16 Aug. 1992</collectingDate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
|
leg.; •
|
|
<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
|
,
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">9♀</specimenCount>
|
|
, 5 imm;
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:BCFC12FFF622767C69563201D81E39D0" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Hwy" stateProvince="North Carolina">Hwy</location>
|
|
221N,
|
|
<locationDeviation location="Linville Caverns">N of Linville Caverns</locationDeviation>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.9268" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.9268">35.9268°N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, -
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="81.9385" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-81.9385">81.9385°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingDate value="2001-08-25">25 Aug. 2001</collectingDate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>F. Coyle</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
|
leg.; MCH 01_166; •
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
|
; off
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:CE2866E989D82783A9422CDDE34B0393" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Hwy" stateProvince="North Carolina">Hwy</location>
|
|
221
|
|
<collectorName>
|
|
N, N
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:C0AB42BCCFEF8AE503431C946815936A" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Linville Caverns" stateProvince="North Carolina">Linville Caverns</location>
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.9317" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.9317">35.9317°N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, -
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="81.9391" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-81.9391">81.9391°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingDate value="2005-08-24">24 Aug. 2005</collectingDate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>R. Keith</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>J. Starrett</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>S. Thomas</collectorName>
|
|
leg.; MCH 05_081; -
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:84BFCF3C4005A25F413A4393DABB148B" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Watauga Co." stateProvince="North Carolina">Watauga Co.</location>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
• 7 imm (identification based on mitochondrial evidence);
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:6C5415F366D93D8EDF67E64F1F25D379" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Green Mountain" stateProvince="North Carolina">Green Mountain</location>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94CF9E4EC8AC51B682A1E063826C8F24:57CF3FA3B5918E1E1BAB2E8BBBDD8552" country="China" county="McDowell Co." latitude="36.1142" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-81.7782" municipality="Green Mountain Creek" name="Hwy" stateProvince="North Carolina">Hwy</location>
|
|
221, crossing of
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Green Mountain Creek</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="36.1142" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="36.1142">36.1142°N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, -
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="81.7782" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-81.7782">81.7782°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingDate value="2001-08-24">24 Aug. 2001</collectingDate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
|
leg.; MCH 01_162.
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Males may be differentiated from other members of this species group by the combination of palps with a paracymbium with a wide, broad ventral process, the paradistal paracymbial process broad and triangular, a median apophysis that is a thin rectangle with an anterior sclerotized point, and a broad, singularly-pointed tegular apophysis that extends to ~ half the length of the median apophysis (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Nesticus carolinensis ♂ palps. North Carolina, Avery Co., Elk River Cave, MCH 01 _ 155, dorsal (A), ventral (B). North Carolina, McDowell Co., Linville Caverns, MCH specimen # 1225, dorsal (C), ventral (D). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804475" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24A-D</figureCitation>
|
|
). Females may be differentiated from other members of this species group by epigyna with lateral lobes that are approximately equal to or slightly longer than the median septum, anteriorly-elongated epigynal pockets, and (viewed dorsally) touching parallel medial margins that diverge posteriorly (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Nesticus carolinensis epigynal variation. North Carolina, McDowell Co., Linville Caverns, MCH specimen # 1227, ventral (A), dorsal (B). North Carolina, Avery Co., Elk River Cave, MCH 01 _ 155, ventral (C), dorsal (D). North Carolina, Burke Co., Table Rock Mtn. (AMNH specimen), ventral (E), dorsal (F). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804476" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25A-F</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804475" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 24" startId="F24">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 24.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bishop" baseAuthorityYear="1950" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus carolinensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolinensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus carolinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
♂ palps. North Carolina, Avery Co., Elk River Cave, MCH 01_155, dorsal (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
|
), ventral (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
|
). North Carolina, McDowell Co., Linville Caverns, MCH specimen #1225, dorsal (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
), ventral (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
|
). Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804476" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 25" startId="F25">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 25.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bishop" baseAuthorityYear="1950" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus carolinensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolinensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus carolinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
epigynal variation. North Carolina, McDowell Co., Linville Caverns, MCH specimen #1227, ventral (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
|
), dorsal (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
|
). North Carolina, Avery Co., Elk River Cave, MCH 01_155, ventral (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
), dorsal (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
|
). North Carolina, Burke Co., Table Rock Mtn. (AMNH specimen), ventral (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
|
), dorsal (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
|
). Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="variation">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Variation.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
In males from different sample locations the distal tip of the tegular apophysis varies in shape from blunt (e.g., Grandfather Mtn, Edgemont Rd) to more fingerlike (e.g., N Linville Caverns, China Creek, Elk River Cave, etc.). This variation does not obviously follow geographic or phylogeographic (see below) lines. Females from different sample locations are relatively conservative in epigynal morphology (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Nesticus carolinensis epigynal variation. North Carolina, McDowell Co., Linville Caverns, MCH specimen # 1227, ventral (A), dorsal (B). North Carolina, Avery Co., Elk River Cave, MCH 01 _ 155, ventral (C), dorsal (D). North Carolina, Burke Co., Table Rock Mtn. (AMNH specimen), ventral (E), dorsal (F). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804476" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25A-F</figureCitation>
|
|
), except for the AMNH specimen from Table Rock Mountain (see further comments below).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Nesticus carolinensis habitus images, both adult females. North Carolina, Avery Co., Edgemont Road, MCH 01 _ 163. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804477" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26</figureCitation>
|
|
shows an example of variation in adult female body size for specimens from a single collection location (from Edgemont Road, MCH 01_163), illustrating why we have not considered body size variation as particularly taxonomically important in this revision.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804477" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 26" startId="F26">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 26.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bishop" baseAuthorityYear="1950" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus carolinensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolinensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus carolinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
habitus images, both adult females. North Carolina, Avery Co., Edgemont Road, MCH 01_163. Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and natural history.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Previously known only from caves, but quite common and abundant in suitable near-surface habitats. Mostly from the uplands between the Linville and Grandfather Mountains of western North Carolina, northeast of the Asheville Basin (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Nesticus tennesseensis group species. Type localities designated with yellow circles. State boundaries and major cities shown for geographic context. Dashed lines circumscribe known species distributions." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804464" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Strong phylogeographic structuring is observed in the mitochondrial data, with a well-supported subclade found east of the Linville Gorge (China Creek, Green Mountain, Elk River Cave, Rockhouse Creek, etc.; Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. COI IQT gene tree. Distant outgroups trimmed. Specimen numbers correspond to those in Suppl. material 3 (with detailed location provided in Suppl. material 1). Sequences from UCE capture denoted with " NODE ". Populations with a " Nesticus cooperi - like " male paracymbium denoted by small circles. Not all tip bootstrap values shown (see Suppl. material 4 for. tre file with all bootstrap values)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804457" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
|
). This phylogeographic break also corresponds to a small sampling gap (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Nesticus tennesseensis group species. Type localities designated with yellow circles. State boundaries and major cities shown for geographic context. Dashed lines circumscribe known species distributions." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804464" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13</figureCitation>
|
|
), so isolation by distance (with incomplete sampling) vs. isolation by geography (e.g., the Linville Gorge) cannot be distinguished.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 91" publicationUrl="http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" refId="B12" refString="Gertsch, WJ, 1984. The spider family Nesticidae (Araneae) in North America, Central America, and the West Indies. Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin 31: 1 - 91, http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" title="The spider family Nesticidae (Araneae) in North America, Central America, and the West Indies." url="http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" volume="31" year="1984">Gertsch (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
provisionally attributed specimens from two montane locations to
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus mimus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus mimus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
: a single female from Table Rock Mountain (Burke County, NC), which he described and illustrated, and a male specimen from Grandfather Mountain. The Grandfather Mountain male matches
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. carolinensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolinensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. carolinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
specimens from our collections, for which we also collected DNA data. The female from Table Rock Mountain has a divergent epigynal morphology from
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. carolinensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolinensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. carolinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(wider than tall, short spermathecae, etc. Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Nesticus carolinensis epigynal variation. North Carolina, McDowell Co., Linville Caverns, MCH specimen # 1227, ventral (A), dorsal (B). North Carolina, Avery Co., Elk River Cave, MCH 01 _ 155, ventral (C), dorsal (D). North Carolina, Burke Co., Table Rock Mtn. (AMNH specimen), ventral (E), dorsal (F). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804476" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25E, F</figureCitation>
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); we place the specimen here based mostly on geography, adjacent to our other Linville Gorge collections. It remains possible that the specimen is from north of Table Rock, closer to Watauga Lake (and locations for
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. tennesseensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tennesseensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. tennesseensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, see Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Nesticus tennesseensis epigynal variation. Tennessee, Grainger Co., Indian Cave, MCH specimen # 1010, ventral (A), dorsal (B). North Carolina, Surry Co., near Fisher Peak, MCH specimen # N 1126, ventral (C), dorsal (D). Tennessee, Carter Co., near Watauga Lake, MCH 05 _ 078, ventral (E), dorsal (F). West Virginia, Raleigh Co., Grandview SP, MCH specimen # 1362, ventral (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804473" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22E, F</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4311/2019LSC0133" author="Holler Jr, C" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Caves and Karst Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="221 - 260" refId="B23" refString="Holler Jr, C, Mays, JD, Niemiller, ML, 2020. The fauna of caves and other subterranean habitats of North Carolina, USA. Journal of Caves and Karst Studies 82 (4): 221 - 260, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4311/2019LSC0133" title="The fauna of caves and other subterranean habitats of North Carolina, USA." url="https://doi.org/10.4311/2019LSC0133" volume="82" year="2020">Holler et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
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cite new cave records from McDowell County. They also attribute Burnt Field Branch Cave specimens (Caldwell County) to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus mimus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus mimus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but we have examined females from this location and consider them to be
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. carolinensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolinensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. carolinensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, lacking the unique spermathecae of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. mimus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. mimus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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This species is supported as sister to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus paynei" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paynei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus paynei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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+
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. roanensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roanensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. roanensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with a 92% bootstrap and sCF value of 37.5 on the UCE concatenated maximum likelihood tree, and a lower local posterior probability value on the UCE ASTRAL species tree (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. UCE concatenated maximum likelihood tree. Distant outgroups removed (for graphical purposes), specimen numbers correspond to those in Suppl. material 3 (with detailed location provided in Suppl. material 1). Node numbers correspond to bootstrap (bold text) / gCF / sCF. Only bootstrap values below 100 shown, all others 100. gCF and sCF values rounded to nearest integer; sCF values below 38 highlighted with red text." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804454" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. UCE ASTRAL species tree. Distant outgroups removed (for graphical purposes), specimen numbers correspond to those in Suppl. material 3 (with detailed location provided in Suppl. material 1). Included are quartet support values (rounded to nearest integer), and local posterior probability values (if less than 1.0, red text). Branch lengths in coalescent units for internal branches only, terminal branch lengths arbitrary. Internal branch to Nesticus cressleri truncated for graphical purposes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |