115 lines
9.1 KiB
XML
115 lines
9.1 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a15ec661-e796-4207-8509-756590c75c0e" ID-PMC="PMC4389221" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-493-1" ID-PubMed="25878545" ID-ZBK="1FBFFA4CA71F495CAD22F2EB680FEF95" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-493-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 493" ModsDocTitle="Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)" checkinTime="1451244490299" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Noort, Simon van, Buffington, Matthew L. & Forshage, Mattias" docDate="2015" docId="4357DEEC3F70539ADFA9FED7E5F977FD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 493: 1-176" docOrigin="ZooKeys 493" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353" docTitle="Linoeucoila Lin 1988" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="90" masterDocId="DD2DFF8EFFC4FFA2FFD7FFE4FFB46007" masterDocTitle="Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="176" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="88" updateTime="1668160156725" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Noort, Simon van</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Buffington, Matthew L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Forshage, Mattias</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>493</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>176</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-493-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">1FBFFA4CA71F495CAD22F2EB680FEF95</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">1FBFFA4CA71F495CAD22F2EB680FEF95</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152059198" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4357DEEC3F70539ADFA9FED7E5F977FD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4357DEEC3F70539ADFA9FED7E5F977FD" lastPageId="89" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
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<subSubSection pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Figitidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
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<taxonomicName authority="Lin, 1988" authorityName="Lin" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Eucoilidae" genus="Linoeucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Linoeucoila" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Linoeucoila Lin, 1988</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="88" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="88" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
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Rare in the Afrotropical region.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eucoilidae" genus="Linoeucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Linoeucoila" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="88" pageNumber="89" start="start">Linoeucoila</pageBreakToken>
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</taxonomicName>
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was first described with a number of species from Taiwan (
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<bibRefCitation author="Lin, KS" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Taiwan Museum" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" pagination="1 - 66" title="The Eucoilidae from Taiwan (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea)." volume="41" year="1988">Lin 1988</bibRefCitation>
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), and considered close to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Trybliographa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trybliographa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trybliographa</taxonomicName>
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, mainly differing by their aciculate, vermiculate or striate body sculpture. The name has only been used later when the genus was included in the tribe
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" rank="tribe" tribe="Eucoilini">Eucoilini</taxonomicName>
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(Forshage et al. 2007). Type specimens have not been available for loan, but specimens from Taiwan corresponding to the original description of the genus (mostly undescribed species) have been studied, and it has been considered that this is a taxon present throughout the Oriental region and also present in Africa. However, it has been difficult to decide how to circumscribe the genus or to separate it from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Trybliographa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trybliographa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trybliographa</taxonomicName>
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except by the body sculpture, and it may well turn out to be one or several lineages within
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Trybliographa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trybliographa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trybliographa</taxonomicName>
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. Despite conforming to the hitherto known diagnostic characters of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eucoilidae" genus="Linoeucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Linoeucoila" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Linoeucoila</taxonomicName>
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, African specimens have some differences from the Oriental species, and may eventually have to form a genus of their own.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="89" pageNumber="90" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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Large and dark (bicolored) eucoilines, most similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Bothrochacis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothrochacis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bothrochacis</taxonomicName>
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, but lacking the characteristic subcostal setae and pentiful truncate mesosomal setae of that genus, and having striation on sides of mesosoma. Striation of vertex is reticulate or lateral, not radiate as in
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Bothrochacis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothrochacis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bothrochacis</taxonomicName>
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. Very similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Trybliographa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trybliographa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trybliographa</taxonomicName>
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except for the sculpture of the integument. With subalar pits, an oblique and glabrous metapleural corner, more or less reduced wing pubescence, large scutellar foveae, and vermiculate sculpture on coxae.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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<paragraph pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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Figure 27.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eucoilidae" genus="Linoeucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Linoeucoila" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Linoeucoila</taxonomicName>
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species (South Africa). A habitus lateral view B head and mesosoma dorsal view C head, anterior view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Mainly Oriental, but also occuring in the Afrotropical region (hitherto unpublished). Afrotropical records: South Africa, Uganda (here).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="biology">
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<paragraph pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Unknown, but many close relatives, and many figitids with striate sides and reduced wing pubescence are parasitoids of dung-breeding flies.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="species richness">
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<paragraph pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Species richness.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Undescribed species only.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |